Building compressed air driven generator

Building Compressed Air Driven Generator

Generator

• A generator is a device that converts mechanical

energy to electrical energy for use in an external

circuit. The source of mechanical energy may vary

widely from a hand crank to an internal combustion

engine.

Internal combustion engine• An internal combustion engine (ICE) is an engine where the

combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a

combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow

circuit.

• In an internal combustion engine the expansion of the high-

temperature and high-pressure gases produced by combustion

apply direct force to some component of the engine. The force is

applied typically to pistons, turbine blades, or a nozzle. This force

moves the component over a distance, transforming chemical

energy into useful mechanical energy.

Problems associated with IC Engines

• Use of fossil fuels results in pollution and damage to the environment.

• The emission of CO2 also results in Global Warming.

• The fossil fuels are present in limited quantity and are depleting at a very fast pace.

• Cost of petroleum products is increasing.

• Complexity of design.

Compressed Air Generator

• A compressed air generator does mechanical work by

expanding compressed air.

• Compressed air engine generally convert the compressed

air energy to mechanical work through linear motion &

then rotary motion by means of conventional IC Engine.

• Air driven IC Engine is coupled with alternator it produced

AC current.

Working Principle of Compressed Air Generator

• Air energy has to be stored in it by squeezing the air tightly

using a mechanical air compressor.

• The compressed air is released, it expands. This expanding

air can be used to drive the pistons that power an engine.

• The compresed air cylinder valve that allows air into

the engine.

Working Principle of Compressed Air Generator

• Air is injected into the engine by using 12V electrical

injector.

• Air injector opening and closing time is controlled by the

microcontroller unit.

• Air driven IC Engine is directly coupled with alternator it's

produced AC current in electrical circuite.

Air Generator Circuit Drawing

Compressed air from

compressorAir EngineAir Cylinder Alternator

Electrical system

Voltage indicator

Air Driven Engine System Drawing

Microco

ntrolle

r

Engine started by manual crankingInjection timing sensor

Valve

Air

Co

mp

resso

r12V Electrical injector

Battery

Adventages& Disadventages

Adventages

• Zero pollution 

• Use cheapest fuel

Disadventages

• Need refiling cylinders

Components to be used

• Valve

• Air Pipe

• Two Stroke Engine

• Microcontrollor unit

• Injection Timing Sensor

• 12V Electrical injector

• 12V Lead Acid Battery

• Alternator

Building Compressed Air Generator

• To convert a conventional two stroke engine into an

Air Powered one, First of all replace the spark plug with a

12V electrical injector.

• Now the electrical injector firing is controlled by the supply of

electrical signal from the microcontroller.

• Microcontroller unit manipulate the injection timing based on

injection timing sensor that is mounted on the engine flywheel.

Building Compressed Air Generator

• Microcontroller unit is power it by means of 12V lead acid

battery.

• Compressed air pipe is connected to the electrical injector.

• Between air compressor and injector, valve is provided for the

purpose of on/off the generator.

• Air driven engine is directly coupled with alternator it produced

AC current.

Two Stroke Engine

• A two-stroke engine is a type of internal combustion engine

which completes a power cycle in only one crankshaft

revolution and with two strokes of the piston.

• This is accomplished by the end of the combustion stroke and

the beginning of the compression stroke happening

simultaneously and performing the intake and exhaust (or

scavenging) functions at the same time.

• Two-stroke engines often provide high power-to-weight ratio.

Two Stroke Engine Intake

• The fuel/air mixture is first drawn into the crankcase by the vacuum that is

created during the upward stroke of the piston. The illustrated engine

features a poppet intake valve; however, many engines use a rotary value

incorporated into the crankshaft.

Two Stroke Engine Transfer/Exhaust

• Toward the end of the stroke, the piston exposes the intake port, allowing

the compressed fuel/air mixture in the crankcase to escape around the

piston into the main cylinder. This expels the exhaust gasses out the

exhaust port, usually located on the opposite side of the cylinder.

Unfortunately, some of the fresh fuel mixture is usually expelled as well.

Two Stroke Engine Compression

• The piston then rises, driven by flywheel momentum, and compresses the

fuel mixture. (At the same time, another intake stroke is happening beneath

the piston).

Two Stroke Engine Power

• At the top of the stroke, the spark plug ignites the fuel mixture. The burning

fuel expands, driving the piston downward, to complete the cycle. (At the

same time, another crankcase compression stroke is happening beneath

the piston.)

Two Stroke Engine Cycle

1=TDC

2=BDC

A: intake/scavenging

B: Exhaust

C: Compression

D: Expansion (power)

Two Stroke Engine Port Timing Diagram

Two Stroke Engine Port Timing Diagram

• Intake port opens 35° to 50° prior to TDC position which closes

same amount after TDC place.

• Exhaust port opens and closes 35° near 70° before and after

BDC place, in that order.

• Transfer port opens 35° to 60° in the proceed to BDC closes

35° to 60° after TDC place.

• Ignition takes place with spark by 15° to 20° before TDC place

as charge requires for a while to ignite.

• The exhaust and transfer ports open and close at the same

angles on also side of BDC.

Engine Frame

Engine with Alternator