Buccal bioadhesive drug delivery system G1ppt

BUCCAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Under the guidance ofDr.B.Vasudha

M.pharm,Ph.D Professor Department of pharmaceutics

Presented byP.Jeevan reddy

M.Pharm 1styearPharmaceutics

Roll no :12H61S0320

CONTENTS• Introduction• Buccal drug delivary• Physiology of buccal environment• Types• Bio adhesion • Mechanism• Buccal drug delivery systems• Evaluation• Conclusion• References

INTRODUCTION

Adhesion : is the bond produced by interaction between an adhesive and a surface. Bioadhesion : is the state of bond formation in which either adhesive or surface is of biological origin. Mucoadhesion : is the interaction of the mucin layer with a polymer.

Buccal Drug Delivery

The buccal mucosa lines the inner cheek, and buccal formulations are placed in the mouth between the upper gingivae (gums) and cheek to treat local and systemic conditions.

The buccal route provides one of the potential route for typically large, hydrophilic and unstable proteins, oligonucleotides and polysaccharides, as well as conventional small drug molecules.

The oral cavity has been used as a site for local and systemic drug delivery.

Structure Of Oral Mucosa

Anatomy of oral mucosaStructure of oral mucosa

1) Epithelium

- stratum distendum

- stratum filamentosum

- stratum suprabasale

- stratum basale

2) Basal lamina

3) Connective tissue

- lamina propria

- submucosa

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

Drugs with large dose are difficult to be administered Eating and drinking may be restricted Possibility of the patient to swallow the tablet This route cannot administer drugs,which are unstable at buccal pH. This route cannot administer drugs,which irritate,bitter or unpleasant taste Small surface area is available for absorption

Buccal drug delivery and mucoadhesivity: :

The term ‘mucoadhesive’ is commonly used for materials that bind to the mucin layer of a biological membrane. Mucoadhesive polymers have been utilized in many different dosage forms in efforts to achieve systemic delivery of drugs through the different mucosae. These dosage forms include Tablets, patches, tapes, films, semisolids and powders

Mechanisms of bioadhesion

Wetting theory

Diffusion theory

Electronic theory

Adsorption theory

Fracture theory

FORMULATION OF BDDS

The basic components of buccal drug delivery systemDrug substanceBioadhesive polymersBacking membranePermeation enhancers

Bioadhesive polymers

IDEAL CHARACTERISTICS: Non toxic, non irritable, free from leachable impurities. Polymer pH should be biocompatible. Quick adherence, and suffice mechanical strength. Bioadhesive in both dry and liquid state. Acceptable shelf life. Optimum molecular weight.

TYPES: 1 st generation polymers : PAA, NaCMC , HPMC, Carbapol , Chitosan , Xanthan gum, PVA etc. 2 nd generation polymers : Lectins , Multifunctional polymers, Thiolated polymers etc.

Backing membrane

Backing membrane plays a major role in the attachment of bioadhesive devices to the mucus membrane. The materials used as backing membrane should be inert, and impermeable to the drug and penetration enhancer. Such impermeable membrane on buccalbioadhesive patches prevents the drug loss and offers better patient compliance. The commonly used materials in backing membrane include carbopol, magnesium Stearate, HPMC, HPC, CMC, polycarbophil etc

Permeation enhancers

Substances that help to promote drug permeation through the buccal epithelium are referred to as penetration enhancers, permeation promoters or absorption enhancers. Most of the compounds used as buccal mucosal penetration enhancers are the ones generally used to compromise barrier function.sodium lauryl sulfate, sodiumlaurateBile salts: Sodium glycodeoxycholate, sodium glycocholate, sodium taurodeoxycholate, sodium taurocholate

Types of buccal formulation

1) Buccal Tablets2) Buccal Patches and Films3) Buccal Semisolids (ointments and gels)4) Buccal Powders

Evaluation of buccal tablets

In vitro Swelling rate and bioadhesion studiesSurface pH studies Drug release studies Permeation studiesMucoadhesion strength Residence time

In vivo Drug release studiesStability studies in human saliva

Ex vivo Mucoadhesion timeMucoadhesion force Transmucosal permeation studied.

Possible designs of buccal drug delivery systems

Drugs given as buccal tablets• Propranalol• Metoprolol• Metoclopromide• Insulin• Nitroglycerine• Codeine• Morphine• Diltiazem• Chlorpheniramine maleate

Types of Buccal Dosage forms

Matrix type :

Drug, Adhesive, Additives are mixed together. Bidirectional patches. i.e. release drug both in Mucosa, and Mouth.

Reservoir type : Contains a cavity for drug, and additives separate from drug adhesive. Has an impermeable backing. For regulating direction of drug flow. Also prevents patch deformation, disintegration in mouth. Prevents drug loss.

Patch designs

Commercially available bioadhesive buccal delivery systems

• Buccal mucosal delivery of Proclorperazine: Buccastem

• Buccal mucosal delivery of nicotine: Nicorette

Reported buccoadhesive drug delivery system

Drug Dosage Action polymer Benzydamine Patch Local Pectin, PAA

Benzocaine Bioadhesive gel Local HPMC

Carvedilol Buccal patch Systemic HPMC

Clotrimazole liposome gel Local Carbopol

Captopril Tablet Systemic Carbopol, chitosan Clotrimazole Disk local Carbopol, HPMC Diltiazem HCL

ConclusionThe buccal mucosa offers several advantages over controlled drug delivery for extended periods of time. First pass metabolism in the liver and presystemic elimination in the gastrointestinal tract are avoided. With the right dosage form design and formulation, the permeability and the local environment of the mucosa can be controlled and manipulated in order to accommodate drug permeation.Buccal drug delivery is a promising area for continued research with the aim of systemic delivery of orally inefficient drugs as well as a feasible and attractive alternative for non-invasive delivery of potent peptide and protein drug molecules. However, the need for safe and effective buccal permeation absorption enhancers is a crucial component for a prospective future in the area of buccal drug delivery

References Edith mathiowitz. Encyclopedia of controlled drug delivery.In: mucosal

drug delivery, buccal.A wiley-interscience publication.P.555-557Yie W.Chien.Novel drug delivery systems.In: buccal drug delivery.2nd

ed.CBS publishers & distributors.New Delhi.P.210-215 S.P Vyas,Roop K.Khar.controlled drug delivery,concepts and

advances.vallabh prakashan.P.291-299 Anay R.patel,Dhagash v. patel,sharad v. choudry.Mucoadhesive drug

delivery system,International journal of pharmacy and life sciences.2(6).2011.848-856

• Kumar V, Aggarwal G,Zakir F,Choudry A.Buccal bioadhesive drug delivery-A novel technique.International journal of pharmacy and biological sciences.1(3).2011.89-102