Top Banner
BSCS Biology Midyear Review 20112012 Ms. Juo
47

BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Dec 14, 2020

Download

Documents

dariahiddleston
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

BSCS  Biology  Midyear  Review  

2011-­‐2012  Ms.  Juo  

Page 2: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Exam  Schedule  

Monday,  January  23rd  Period  1  (8:30-­‐10am)  D  block:  Room  258  E  block:  Room  260  

Page 3: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Midyear  Review  Packet  

Due: Just before you are handed the exam (1st period, 8:30am)

Late Policy: NO LATE PACKETS will be accepted after the exam has been handed out. There is NO LATE CREDIT.

What: Choose the 20 most difficult (for you) questions. Staple your TYPED answers to the back of the midyear review packet. You can earn up to 20 points extra credit towards your HW grade.

Page 4: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

ENGAGE  AND  NATURAL  SELECTION  Unit  1  

Page 5: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

ScienNfic  Method  

1.  Observe  a  problem  2.  Make  a  hypothesis  3.  Perform  an  experiment  4.  Analyze  data  5.  Make  a  conclusion  6.  Repeat  or  publish  

Page 6: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Leaf  collecNon/  Footprints  

•  Making  good  observaNons  •  Types  of  data:  

– QuanNtaNve  –  measurable  – QualitaNve  –  descripNve  

•  ObservaNons/evidence  –  things  that  you  can  actually  observe  

•  Inference  –  reasonable  assumpNons  based  on  data  and  prior  knowledge  

Page 7: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Lab  1-­‐2:  Thinking  as  a  ScienNst  Thinks  

•  Making  good  observaNons!  •  Coming  up  with  good  quesNons  based  on  observaNons  

•  Controlled  experiments  –  make  sure  you  only  change  one  variable  (the  one  you’re  interested  in)  

Page 8: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  1-­‐2:  Modeling  Earth’s  History  

•  Earth  formed  –  4.6  billion  years  ago  

•  Then  came  first  life  (bacteria)  -­‐  3.5  billion  years  ago  

•  Hominids  weren’t  around  unNl  6.5  million  years  ago  

•  How  do  we  know  all  of  this?  – Fossils  and  radioacNve  daNng  

Page 9: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  1-­‐3:  I  Know  Beans…  •  OverpopulaNon  –  organisms  reproduce  unNl  they  outnumber  resources  

•  CompeNNon  –  too  many  organisms  compete  for  those  limited  resources  

•  Variety  –  individuals  are  born  with  different  traits  •  SelecNon  –  some  individuals  are  beder  at  finding  resources  or  surviving  than  others  

•  ReproducNon  –  the  ones  that  “win”  the  compeNNon  get  to  mate  and  reproduce  (passing  good  traits  to  offspring)  

•  Specia&on  –  a+er  a  long  &me,  individuals  may  form  new  species  if  they  are  different  enough  from  others  

Page 10: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  1-­‐3:  I  Know  Beans…  (cont’d)  •  Natural  SelecNon  –  Survival  of    the  fidest  in  nature;  DifferenNal  reproducNon  

•  ArNficial  SelecNon  –  WE  choose    who  we  want  to  reproduce  (it  has    nothing  to  do  with  survival)  – Dog  breeding  – Farming  (bigger/beder  corn)  

Page 11: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  1-­‐4:  VariaNon  Within  a  Species  

•  All  individuals  within  a  species  have  differences  –  Physical  (length  of  femur,  e.g.)  –  Chemical  (more  efficient  enzymes,  e.g.)  

•  This  is  ESSENTIAL  for  natural  selecNon  to  take  place…  

•  Natural  selecNon  can  only  act  on  traits  that  are  already  present  

•  Different  traits  appear  because  of  random  mutaNons  in  the  DNA  

Page 12: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Lab  1-­‐3:  Bacterial  AnNbioNc  Resistance  

•  Some  bacteria  are  already  resistant  to  an  anNbioNc  

•  The  anNbioNcs  will  kill  all  bacteria  but  the  resistant  strains  

•  The  resistant  strains  survive  and  reproduce,  so  they  are  more  numerous  in  the  next  generaNon  

Page 13: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  1-­‐5:  EvoluNon  in  AcNon  •  The  overuse  of  anNbioNcs  has  increased  the  number  of  resistant  strains  

•  The  bacteria  populaNon  has    evolved!!  

Page 14: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Case  Study:    I’m  Looking  Over  a  White  Striped  Clover  

•  Different  varieNes  of  clover  survive  beder  depending  on  the  condiNons  (Natural  SelecNon!)  

•  Plain  –  Nonpoisonous  (survive  cold,  die  from  predaNon)  

•  White-­‐striped  –  Poisonous  (die  with  cold,  predators  avoid)  

Page 15: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

ECOLOGY  Unit  2  

Page 16: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  2-­‐1:  InteracNons  in  the  World  Around  Us  

•  Levels  of  organizaNon  

•  AbioNc  factors  are    nonliving  factors  

•  BioNc  factors  are  living  factors  

Page 17: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Pond  Life  

•  Microscope  use  •  Pond  organisms  –  interacNons  between  predator  (Daphnia)  and  prey  (euglena,  amoeba,  roNfers)  and  producers  (spirogyra,  euglena)  

Page 18: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  2-­‐2:    Mystery  on  Easter  Island  

•  OverpopulaNon  and  overuse  of  resources  caused  Easter  Island  populaNon  to  die  

•  LogisNc  Growth  (S-­‐curve)  –  slow  growth  unNl  the  populaNon  reaches  carrying  capacity  

•  ExponenNal  Growth  (J-­‐curve)  –  Rapid  growth  (doubling)  that  may  exceed  carrying  capacity  and  crash  

Page 19: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  2-­‐3:  Energy,  Inc  

•  Producers  convert  the  sun’s  energy  to  chemical  energy  (food)  

•  Consumers  eat  producers  or  other  consumers  to  get  energy  and  nutrients  

•  An  organism  uses  90%  of  energy  the  energy  it  gets  from  eaNng  –  it  is  ‘lost’  

•  Only  10%  of  an  organism’s  energy  is  passed  to  the  next  level  

•  Energy  does  NOT  get  recycled!  The  sun  replenishes  lost  energy  

Page 20: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Lab  2-­‐2:  Owl  Pellets  

•  Food  webs  –  all  food  chains  in  a  parNcular  community  

•  Smaller  populaNons  as  you  go  up  the  food  chain  –  Each  owl  needs  lots  of  mice  –  Each  mouse  needs  lots  of    grass/seeds  

•  Ecological  Pyramids  –  Pyramid  of  numbers  (pop.)  –  Pyramid  of  energy  –  Biomass  pyramid  

Page 21: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Vocab:  Symbiosis  and  InteracNons  

•  CompeNNon  between  species  •  PredaNon  (+/-­‐)  –  hunNng,    killing,  and  eaNng  prey  

•  Symbiosis  –  two  organisms  living  together  – Mutualism  (+/+)  – Commensalism  (+/0)  – ParasiNsm  (+/-­‐)  

Page 22: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

EutrophicaNon  

•  EutrophicaNon  – Excess  nutrients  cause  unlimited  growth  of  algae    in  a  lake  

– Algae  overpopulate  and  die,    so  bacteria  populaNons  grow    as  they  consume  dead  algae  

– OverpopulaNng  bacteria  use    all  oxygen  in  lake  

Page 23: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  2-­‐4:  Ecology  Case  Studies  

•  We  examined  science  in  the  real  world,  with  predicNons,  experiment  design,  and  data  analysis  

•  We  learned  that  humans  and  nature  can  change  ecosystems  

•  Kermit  (chemicals  in  water)  •  Sea  Oders  (overhunNng  changed  food  web)  •  Iguanas  (environmental  change  &  populaNon  collapse)  

Page 24: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

BIOCHEMISTRY  AND  DIGESTION  Unit  3  

Page 25: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  3-­‐1:  How  are  atoms  arranged?  

•  Organic  compounds:  Proteins,  Carbohydrates,  Nucleic  Acids,  Lipids  

•  Monomer  vs.    Polymer  •  DehydraNon  synthesis  •  DegradaNon  hydrolysis  

Page 26: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Lab  3-­‐1:  What  is  in  the  food  you  eat?  

•  PosiNve  control  group  –  shows  what  a  posiNve  result  looks  like  

•  NegaNve  control  groups  –  show  that  your  results  aren’t  due  to  some  other  unrelated  factor  

•  Animal  products  contain  protein  •  Plant  products  contain  starch  

Page 27: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  3-­‐2:    CalculaNng  Nutrients  in  Fast  Food  

•  There  are  some  nutrients  and  vitamins  in  fast  foods…  

•  Fast  foods  alone  cannot  provide  you  with  a  balanced  diet  

Page 28: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  3-­‐3:    Enzyme  Structure  and  FuncNon  

•  Enzymes…    – Are  biological  catalysts  – Speed  up  reacNons  in  the  body  

– Lower  acNvaNon  energy  – Only  fit  one  substrate  in  their  acNve  site  

– Are  reusable  – Are  affected  by  pH  and  temperature  

Page 29: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  3-­‐4:  Protein  Folding  

•  Proteins  are  made  of    amino  acids  

•  Protein  shape  is    determined  by  which    amino  acids  it  contains  

•  Primary  Structure  –  sequence  of  amino  acids  •  Secondary  and  TerNary  Structure  –  folding  of  the  chain  

•  Quaternary  Structure  –  two  or  more  chains  together  

Page 30: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  3-­‐4:  Protein  Folding  

Page 31: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Lab  3-­‐2:  Enzyme  Lab  

 •  Catalase  is  found  in  plant  and  animal  cells  •  Catalase  has  an  opNmum  pH  and  temperature  •  Outside  a  specific  pH  or  temperature  range,  the  enzyme  denatures  (changes  shape)  and  the  substrate  can’t  fit  into  the  acNve  site.  

Oxygen Water PeroxideHydrogen catalase +!! "!

Page 32: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Glucose  Demo  

•  Importance  of  controls  •  Saliva  contains  amylase  (an  enzyme  that  breaks  starch  into  glucose)  

•  We  break  down  our  food  into  monomers,  absorb  them,  then  use  them  to  build  the  materials  we  need  (biosynthesis)  

Page 33: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

DigesNon  Video/  Chart/  Diagrams  

•  Mouth  –  mechanical  (teeth)  and  chemical  digesNon  (amylase  –  carbs)  

•  Esophagus  –  long  tube  (peristalsis)  

•  Stomach  –  mechanical  (muscles)  and  chemical  digesNon  (pepsin  –  proteins)  

Page 34: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

DigesNon  Video/  Chart/  Diagrams  

•  Small  IntesNne  –  chemical  digesNon  (carbs,  proteins,  and  lipids!)  and  absorpNon  of  nutrients  –  Pancreas  (secretes  enzymes  into  intesNne)  

–  Liver/Gallbladder  (makes  bile  for  fat  digesNon)  

•  Large  IntesNne  –  Absorbs  water  and  holds  bacteria  (that  make  vitamins)  

Page 35: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

INTERNAL  ENVIRONMENT  OF  ORGANISMS  

Unit  4  

Page 36: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐1:  Can  you  stand  the  heat?  

•  Homeostasis  –  keeping  the  internal  environment  constant  

•  We  have  to  monitor  – Temperature  – pH  – Nutrient  levels  (like  blood  sugar)  

– Blood  pressure  

Page 37: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Lab  4-­‐1:  Cells  in  AcNon  

•  Eggs:  Water  moves  in  and/or  out  to  maintain  homeostasis  

•  Dialysis  tube:  Membranes  are  selecNvely  permeable  (only  let  iodine  through)  

•  Plant  cell:  Water  moves  in  and/or  out  to  maintain  homeostasis  

Page 38: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Bubble  Membranes  

•  Cell  membranes  are  selecNvely  permeable  – They  allow  through  small,  hydrophobic  things  – They  stop  larger,  hydrophilic,  or  charged  things  

•  Transport  proteins  help  substances  through  that  otherwise  wouldn’t  be  allowed  

Page 39: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐2:  Membranes  and  Transport  

•  Membrane  structure  •  Diffusion  –  movement  down    a  gradient  using  no  energy  – Simple  diffusion  – Facilitated  diffusion  – Osmosis  –  water  diffusion  

•  Dynamic  Equilibrium  

Page 40: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐2:  Membranes  and  Transport  

•  Osmosis  – Water  moves  when  the  solute  can’t  – Water  moves  towards  the  area  of  more  solute  

Page 41: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐2:  Membranes  and  Transport  

•  AcNve  Transport  – Needs  energy  – Usually  goes  up  a  gradient  

•  Protein  pumps  •  Endocytosis  •  Exocytosis  

Page 42: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Lab  4-­‐2:  Cell  Size  and  Diffusion  

•  Cells  must  remain  small  – As  a  cell  gets  bigger  it  needs  more  nutrients  – The  cell’s  surface  area  doesn’t  get  big  enough  fast  enough  

– A  large  cell  can’t  get  enough  nutrients  – Think  of  heat  vents  in  this  room  and  the  gym…  

Page 43: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐4:  Cells  Alive  

•  Prokaryotes  – Simple,  bacterial  cells  – No  membrane-­‐bound  organelles    (including  nucleus)  

•  Eukaryotes  – Plants,  animals,  fungi,  proNsts  – Membrane-­‐bound  organelles    are  present  

•  Both  have  DNA,  cell  membrane,    ribosomes,  and  cytoplasm  

Page 44: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐5:  Cells  Alive  -­‐  Organelles  

Plant  Cell   Animal  Cell  

Page 45: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐5:  Cells  Alive  -­‐  Organelles  •  Organelles:  

–  Nucleus  –  Nucleolus  –  Cell  Membrane  –  Cytoplasm  –  Ribosome  –  Mitochondria  –  Vacuole  –  Golgi  Body  –  Rough  ER  –  Smooth  ER  –  Lysosome  –  Cell  Wall  –  Chloroplast  –  Centriole  

Page 46: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐6:    RegulaNng  the  Internal  Environment  

•  Homeostasis  •  Respiratory  System  –  gas  exchange  (alveoli  &  capillaries)  

•  DigesNve  System  –  brings  in  nutrients  (villi  &  capillaries)  

•  Urinary  System  –  gets  rid  of  wastes  (nephron  &  capillaries)  

•  Circulatory  System  –  transports  gas,  nutrients,  wastes  

Page 47: BSCS$Biology$Midyear$Review$ - MsJuo2011 - Homemsjuo2011.weebly.com/uploads/2/5/4/7/2547226/bscsmidyearrevie… · Exam$Schedule$ Monday,$January$23rd$ Period$1$(8:30510am)$ D$block:$Room$258$

Journal  4-­‐6:    RegulaNng  the  Internal  Environment  

•  Circulatory  System  –  Transports  materials  –  Structure  and  funcNon  of  the  heart