BSBWHS201 Contribute to Healthmicrostarpublishing.com.au/OLL/FNS_R_3/Samples/BSBWHS201_Sample.pdf · Injuries that occur from unsafe plant and equipment include minor cuts and burns,

BSBWHS201 – Contribute to Health

and Safety of Self and Others

ISBN: 978-1-925366-07-5

Part Number: 191UG

Version: V6.15

Reproduction and Communication for educational purposes

The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter or 10% of the pages of this publication, whichever is greater, to be reproduced and/or communicated by any educational institution for its educational purposes provided that the educational institution (or the body that administers it) has given remuneration notice to the Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) under the Act. For details of the CAL licence for educational institutions contact:

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AUTHOR – Kerryn Maguire Kerryn has been working with accounting software products for over twenty years. Originally working from 1994 as an accountant with small business when accounting software became mainstream. Kerryn then focused on providing consulting and training services to small business. Expanding from this into to providing curriculum-based resources to TAFE and private RTOs. From this she established Microstar Publishing and more recently incorporated OfficeLink Learning to provide a wide range of resources for the Accounting and Business Services Certificate courses. Kerryn has a long association with many TAFEs and RTOs across Australia.

Kerryn’s fundamental aim is to provide resources that are easy to understand while providing a practical application of skills acquired.

Kerryn also co-authors two titles for Cambridge University Press which are in their 4th Edition – first published in 2000.

Kerryn has considerable experience and knowledge:

Bachelor of Applied Science Mathematics Diploma of Education Graduate Diploma of Accounting CRI: Criterion Referenced Instruction Member of Institute of Certified Bookkeepers Member of VELG

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Page 2 Introduction

BSBWHS201 UG V6.15 © Copyright 2015 OfficeLink Learning

All Rights Reserved

© Copyright 2015 OfficeLink Learning

This User Guide is based on the User Guide V3.15

No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of OfficeLink Learning. All registered trademarks are service marks of their respective owners. A licence to reproduce this tool may be requested through the Officelink Learning Website @ www.officelinklearning.com.au.

While care has been taken in the preparation of this Training Tool, OfficeLink Learning and the developer do not accept any liability for any damage or loss (including indirect and consequential loss) incurred by any person as a result of relying on the information contained in this material. This tool should not be regarded as professional advice and it should not be relied upon in any important matter without obtaining appropriate advice relevant to your situation.

It is the Registered Training Organisation’s responsibility to validate the mapping of this tool to the performance criteria.

Each section consists of:

Headings identifying the topics/skills

Explanation about the topics/skills

Activity Tasks to work through with your Workplace Assessor and

class

Each User Guide is laid out in a similar way. The unit or competency number and name appears on the cover. For this unit it is:

BSBWHS201 – Contribute to health and safety of self and others

Then there will be a contents page, overview section, the elements of the unit, the performance criteria and the questions and activities you need to complete.

Each unit is broken up into elements. These elements are the main themes of the unit of competency. The elements are then broken down into performance criteria, which are the activities you need to be able to perform to prove competence.

Explanation of Symbols:

AAccttiivviittyy TTaasskk

WWrriittee NNootteess

PPrriinntt OOuutt

For more information please talk to your Workplace Assessor.

Document Version 6.15 June 2015

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Introduction Page 3


TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 WORKPLACE HAZARDS ................................................................................................. 8

1.1 Manual Handling Hazards ...................................................................................... 8

1.2 Plant and Equipment .............................................................................................. 8

1.3 Working Environments ......................................................................................... 10

1.4 Electrical Hazards ................................................................................................ 11

1.5 Noise .................................................................................................................... 11

1.6 Occupational Overuse Syndrome ........................................................................ 11

1.7 Chemical Hazards ................................................................................................ 12

1.8 Psychological Hazards ......................................................................................... 13

2 MANAGE WHS ............................................................................................................ 18

2.1 Legislation ............................................................................................................ 18

2.2 National Bodies .................................................................................................... 18

2.3 State Bodies ......................................................................................................... 18

2.4 Industry Regulations ............................................................................................ 19

2.5 Industry Code of Practice ..................................................................................... 19

2.6 Employers’ Responsibilities ................................................................................. 20

2.7 Employees’ Responsibilities ................................................................................ 21

3 SAFE WORKING PRACTICES ........................................................................................ 24

3.1 Risk ...................................................................................................................... 24

3.2 Near Miss ............................................................................................................. 25

3.3 Emergencies / Accidents / Incidents Reports ...................................................... 27

3.4 Emergencies / Accidents / Incidents Registers .................................................... 31

3.5 Emergency Evacuation ........................................................................................ 33

3.6 First Aid ................................................................................................................ 35

3.7 Manual Handling .................................................................................................. 37

3.8 Handling Chemicals ............................................................................................. 38

3.9 Personal Protective Equipment ............................................................................ 38

3.10 Daily Work Practices ............................................................................................ 39

3.11 Preparing for Work ............................................................................................... 40

4 WHS REPRESENTATIVES............................................................................................. 46

4.1 Assessment Tool Identification ............................................................................ 46

4.2 Workplace Safety Audits ...................................................................................... 47

4.3 Safety Audit Report/Risk Register ....................................................................... 50

4.4 Training Needs ..................................................................................................... 51

4.5 Staff Updates ....................................................................................................... 52

5 APPENDIX AND COMPETENCY MAPPINGS ..................................................................... 60

5.1 Appendix A - Competency Mappings ................................................................... 60

5.2 Appendix B – Workplace Safety Audit Checklist ................................................. 61

5.3 Appendix C – Injury/Accident Report Form.......................................................... 63

5.4 Appendix D – Injury/Incident Register .................................................................. 66

5.5 Appendix E – Risk Register ................................................................................. 67

5.6 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 68

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WORKPLACE HAZARDS Page 7


Unit 1

Workplace Hazards

By the end of this Unit, you will be able to:

Identify workplace hazards

Identify workplace hazard signage

Identify symptoms of workplace hazards

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Page 8 WORKPLACE HAZARDS


1 Workplace Hazards

It is imperative that all workers follow workplace safety procedures, and it is also a legal requirement that the procedures be issued to each worker. Let us have a look at several types of areas that can require safety procedures. A hazard is anything that has the potential to cause injury or illness. Hazards can be classified into:

Manual Handling

Plant & Equipment

Working Environment

Electrical

Noise

Occupational Overuse Syndrome (RSI)

Chemical

Psychological

1.1 Manual Handling Hazards

Manual handling hazards could include filing cabinets, photocopiers and other equipment – any activities that involve the following when handling materials:

Lifting

Holding

Pulling

Carrying

Pushing Strain injuries of the muscles and ligaments through overexertion or continuous overuse can result from a manual handling accident. Injuries can be sudden, or occur over a long period of time (See information in dealing with Manual Handling Hazards in the Safe Work Practices section in Unit 3 of this User Guide).

1.2 Plant and Equipment

Plant includes all machinery and equipment (including scaffolding), both stationary and mobile, tools and implements used in the workplace. It would be rare to find a business where WHS plant regulations do not apply. Plant that is regulated under WHS legislation does not just include heavy industrial plant used in manufacturing and construction environments. It also includes plant used for entertainment (such as amusement park rides), medical equipment, and office machinery and equipment such as photocopiers and paper guillotines.

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Injuries that occur from unsafe plant and equipment include minor cuts and burns, traumatic injuries such as amputation and broken bones, and even death. These injuries often result from people being hit by moving plant or being caught or crushed in plant. They can also suffer cuts and bruises from using hand tools, or strain and overuse injuries from having to maintain an awkward posture while operating machinery. Other injuries and illnesses can occur from other hazards associated with plant and machinery such as noise, vibration, hot and cold parts, and electrical and chemical exposures. Refer to the following sections.

The following signs are an example of how the presence of plant and machinery hazards can often be identified in the workplace.

Source: www.safetysignshop.net.au

WWrriittee NNootteess

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http://www.safetysignshop.net.au/



1.3 Working Environments

The working environment includes the atmosphere, temperature and comfort, lighting, air quality, noise and the general surroundings. When any one of these working conditions is substandard, they can affect WHS. A brief overview of hazards relating to lighting, temperature and comfort could include:

Eye strain

Blurred vision

Air movement

Clothing

Headaches

Humidity

Level of activity

Some of the more common standards for an office/IT environment are as follows:

Lighting

Sources of natural light should not be interfered with or interfere with the visual comfort or efficiency of the persons in the area. Artificial lighting should be sufficient to allow for the completion of required duties without eye strain

Ventilation Ventilation and temperature settings (air conditioners, heaters etc) should be maintained to a comfortable level regardless of the season. Air temperature and its affects can be effected by:

A person’s clothing

Physical work being undertaken

Amount of computer equipment located within room

Sunlight

Ergonomic Setup It is important that you refer to your WHS and the Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) policies and procedures before using equipment. A few common issues to be aware of are:

Ensure your chair is adjusted correctly to support your back, legs and neck

Check that the power leads, cables or cords will not be tripped over

Adjust the monitor so viewing does not hurt your neck

Occasionally look away from your screen so your eyes can readjust from the screen

Use eye protection when required

Keep ties, jewellery and long hair away from working parts of machinery

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1.4 Electrical Hazards

Electrical injuries include shock, electrocution and electrical burns. Most accidents involving electricity result from:

Not isolating the electrical supply

Working on live electrical equipment

Moving electrical equipment such as computer hardware

Worn or faulty electrical cabling, plugs and/or wall sockets

Liquid spills near electrical equipment

Overloading of power boards

Please refer to Safe Work Australia website for tips on dealing safely with electricity, as well as your Industry Code of Conduct.

Source: www.safetysignshop.net.au

1.5 Noise

Noise is any unwanted or damaging sound in the environment. Noise varies from nuisance noise to loud industrial noise. Noise can be continuous or impulsive, and both types can be damaging to the human ear. Noise is found in plant and machinery, tools, and compressed air and steam processes, or your business may be located next door to a noisy factory etc. Noise-induced hearing loss results from repeated exposure to excessive noise levels for a period of time. This type of hearing loss is permanent. Noise is measured in decibels (dB). The national exposure standard for noise in the occupational environment is an average daily exposure level of 85 decibels.

1.6 Occupational Overuse Syndrome

Occupational Overuse Syndrome (OOS) is also known as Repetition Strain Injury (RSI). It is a collective term for a range of conditions characterised by discomfort or persistent pain in muscles, tendons and other soft tissues in the back, neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists, hands or fingers.

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http://www.safetysignshop.net.au/



OOS may affect workers in any occupation, particularly those doing tasks which involve:

Repetitive or forceful movement of both arms.

Maintenance of constrained or awkward postures. Source: www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au

1.7 Chemical Hazards

Chemical hazards can be in different forms such as gas, liquid, solid, fumes, dust, fibres or vapours. They may be manufactured or naturally occurring. Chemical hazards are classified according to whether they are harmful to a person's health, i.e. hazardous substances, or whether they pose a safety risk such as fire or explosion, i.e. dangerous goods. A hazardous substance is any substance that has the potential to harm the health of people, a substance that has been classified as hazardous in accordance with the Approved Criteria for Classifying Hazardous Substances [NWHSC:1008(2004) (Approved Criteria), or one classified as hazardous by the manufacturer of the substance. The classification used by the Approved Criteria is based on the health effects of the substance (i.e. toxicology). Source: www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au

Dangerous Goods will have an identifier on their label which is in the shape of a diamond. The diamond will have a Class number of 1 to 9. Some typical Class labels are shown below.

Class 1: Explosives

Class 2: Gases Class 2.1: flammable gases Class 2.2: non-flammable, non-toxic gases Class 2.3: toxic gases

Class 3: Flammable liquids

Class 4: Flammable solids

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http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/




Class 4.1: flammable solids Class 4.2: spontaneously combustible Class 4.3: emits flammable gases when wet

Class 5: Oxidising substances

Class 5.1: oxidising agents Class 5.2: organic peroxides

Class 6: Toxic and infectious substance Class 6.1: toxic substances Class 6.2: infectious substances

Class 7: Radioactive material

Class 8: Corrosive substances

Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous goods and articles

(See information in dealing with Chemical Hazards in the Safe Work Practices section in Unit 3 of this User Guide.)

1.8 Psychological Hazards

Psychological hazards include working under extreme pressure, stress, bullying, lack of job satisfaction, lack of recognition, repetitive work and little or no task variety.

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More subtle forms of stress may arise in any workplace as a result of:

Unrealistic workloads and deadlines Shiftwork Long work hours Job insecurity Lack of understanding of the job Lack of control over workload Poor communications between management and employees Hazardous working conditions Working with persons who are sick, injured or dying Handling complaints or dealing with abusive customers Poor job placement Lack of job satisfaction Repetitive, unstimulating tasks

Most of the above contributing factors are easily rectifiable once the signs and symptoms have been identified. If you are experiencing any of the above, you should discuss your situation with your WHS representative, Supervisor or Team Leader.

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AAccttiivviittyy TTaasskk 11

Discuss the following activities with your colleagues and Workplace Assessor, and complete them. (a) Identify some of the hazards that are evident within your workplace.

(b) What signs are on display within your workplace to warn of the

presence of dangerous chemicals or machinery?

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(c) Research on the internet to locate some more information in regards to the hazards found within your workplace. Share your findings with your group/supervisor.

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MANAGE WHS Page 17


Unit 2

Manage WHS


Identify the relevant Workplace Health & Safety (WHS) Legislations

Determine Employer and Employee WHS responsibilities

Identify the key purposes of an WHS committee

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Page 18 MANAGE WHS


2 Manage WHS

2.1 Legislation

Each state in Australia has Legislation covering the safety of workers and the public in the workplace. The Legislation is designed to provide a safe working environment for all employees and places certain responsibilities on Employers, Supervisors or Team Leaders and the Employees. Both Commonwealth and State bodies control WHS in the workplace. Within these WHS Acts are WHS regulations, standards, codes of practice and guidelines.

2.2 National Bodies

Workplace Safety Australia www.worksafe.com.au

Safe Work Australia www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au

2.3 State Bodies

Australian Capital Territory ACT WorkCover

http://www.worksafe.act.gov.au/health_safety

Northern Territory NT Worksafe

www.worksafe.nt.gov.au

Queensland WorkCover QLD

www.whs.qld.gov.au

South Australia WorkCover SA

www.workcover.com

Tasmania WorkCover Tasmania

www.workcover.tas.gov.au

New South Wales WorkCover NSW

www.workcover.nsw.gov.au

Victoria Worksafe Victoria

www.worksafe.vic.gov.au

Western Australia WorkSafe WA

www.safetyline.wa.gov.au

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http://www.worksafe.com.au/


http://www.worksafe.act.gov.au/health_safety

http://www.worksafe.nt.gov.au/

http://www.whs.qld.gov.au/

http://www.workcover.com/

http://www.workcover.tas.gov.au/

http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/

http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/

http://www.safetyline.wa.gov.au/

SAFE WORKING PRACTICES Page 23


Unit 3

Safe Working Practices


Identify and observe safe working practices in the workplace

Conduct risk assessments

Identify Near Miss instances

Manage emergency and evacuation procedures

Identify and audit first aid kits and procedures

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Page 24 SAFE WORKING PRACTICES


3 Safe Working Practices

3.1 Risk

Risk is the likelihood of injury or illness arising from exposure to any hazards. There are three essential steps which should be taken to make sure that hazards in your workplace are eliminated or controlled: 1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Assessment 3. Risk Control

Hazard Identification Methods for identifying hazards in your workplace include:

Examine the types of injuries and illnesses that are occurring in the workplace by asking your employees and reading through first aid reports and previous compensation claims.

Observing a job from start to finish and recording its steps gives you the opportunity to assess each step for potential hazards that may have been overlooked in the past.

Ask your employees and WHS representatives/committee members.

Risk Assessment Once hazards have been identified you need to assess the risk. This is the likelihood of an injury or illness occurring from exposure to the hazard. When assessing risk there are several factors that should be taken into account. These factors include:

Severity Frequency Intensity of the

exposure

For example, the intensity, frequency and duration of exposure to the sun’s harmful rays are factors when determining the risk of skin cancer. The overall purpose of the assessment is to determine priorities in risk control. Sam

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Risk Control Risk control is the process of determining and implementing measures to control risks. WHS legislation requires organisations to control identified risks as far as practicable. A hierarchy of risk control exists to assist organisations like your company to control workplace risks by: 1. Eliminating hazards. 2. Substituting hazards with something posing less of a risk. 3. Engineering control (adding mechanical aids, modifying equipment to make it

safer). 4. Administrative control (work procedures reviewed and/or training provided). 5. Adding signage to warn of dangers. 6. Using personal protective equipment. An example of eliminating hazards would be to ensure all work areas, corridors, stairwells, doorways and emergency exits are free from obstacles at all times. Also the green ‘EXIT’ signs should be easily visible and light up when required.

3.2 Near Miss

Another important, but often overlooked, part of the risk assessment process is the reporting of a ‘near miss’. A near miss is when an accident almost happened. The importance of reporting a near miss is that it will help the WHS assessor identify areas where further identification measures may need to be undertaken. For example: if a person is nearly run over by a forklift in a factory plant and it is reported, the WHS officer may place signage, mark walkways on the floor or remove the forklift from that area all together as a method of ensuring that an actual real accident does not occur. A good rule of thumb with a near miss is that if you find yourself saying “whoa, that was close” or “wow, that would have hurt”, then it is probably worth reporting as a near miss. Next time you may not be so lucky! Following is an example of a Hazard or Near Miss Report. Sam

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<insert business name>

Hazard or Near Miss Report

To be completed by an employee or contractor reporting a hazard or near miss.

Reported by: <insert name>

Position: <insert position title>

Signature: ________________________________ Date: ___/___/___

Reported to: <insert name>

Position: <insert position title>

Signature: ________________________________ Date: ___/___/___

Indicate type of incident or hazard (please tick)

Incident Near miss

Workplace hazard Hazardous work practice

Description of incident, hazard or near miss

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Management to complete

What action has been taken?

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

Name of manager or supervisor: <insert name of manager or supervisor>

Corrective action suggested Person responsible Cost Approval completion date

Copy to (place a tick beside delegate when copy has been provided and date):

Person reporting Date: ___/___/___

Manager or supervisor: Date: ___/___/___

WHS co-ordinator Date: ___/___/___

Source: www.thepeopleindairy.org.au

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http://www.thepeopleindairy.org.au/



3.3 Emergencies / Accidents / Incidents Reports

An emergency situation can occur in any workplace at any time for example a fire, which is discussed further in topic 3.4 & 3.5. An accident or incident is where injury or illness has occurred in the workplace or where an event has taken place that can cause injury or illness. For example, someone has slipped on a staircase or boxes of files have tipped over obstructing a passageway. All workplaces have emergency procedures to follow if a fire occurs. If accidents or incidents occur, an accident/incident report should be completed and given to your WHS representative or your Supervisor, Team Leader or Manager. This is a critical step in the WHS process of any workplace and should happen as soon after the accident or incident as possible. Some examples of accident report forms are as follows.

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Source: http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au

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http://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/



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See Appendix C of this User Guide for an editable version of this report.

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3.4 Emergencies / Accidents / Incidents Registers

If emergencies, accidents or incidents occur, the details also need to be recorded in a register. This is also a critical step in the WHS process of any workplace as it allows for relevant staff to not only keep track of any safety related issues within the workplace, but to identify where there are issues to be addressed.

An example of an injury/incident register is as follows:

See Appendix D of this User Guide for an editable version of this register.

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Page 60 APPENDIX & CONCLUSION


5 Appendix and Competency Mappings

5.1 Appendix A - Competency Mappings

BSBWHS201: Contribute to health and safety of self and others This unit describes what is required to participate in Work Health and Safety (WHS) processes to protect own health and safety, and that of others. 1. Work safely Unit Content Activity Task

1.1 Follow provided safety procedures and instructions when working

Ch 3.1 – 3.11 3

1.2 Carry out pre-start systems and equipment checks in accordance to workplace procedures

Ch 3.10 - 3.11

4.2 – 4.4 3, 4

1.3 Follow workplace procedures for responding to emergency incidents

Ch 3.3-3.5 3

2. Implement work safety requirements Activity Task

2.1 Identify designated persons to whom queries and concerns about safety in the workplace should be directed

Ch 2.6, 3.3 4.1- 4.7

2, 3, 4

2.2 Identify existing and potential hazards in the workplace, report them to designated persons and record the according to workplace procedures

Ch 1.2 – 2.5, 3.3, 4.1 – 4.4

1, 3, 4

2.3 Identify and implement WHS procedures and work instructions

Ch 4.1 – 4.4 4

2.4 Identify and report emergency incidents and injuries to designated persons according to organisational procedures

Ch 3.3 – 3.4 3

2.5 Identify WHS duty holders and their duties for own work area

Ch 4.1-4.7 4

3. Participate in WHS consultative processes Activity Task

3.1 Contribute to workplace meetings, inspections or other consultative activities

Ch 4.7 4

3.2 Raise WHS issues with designated persons according to organisational procedures

Ch 2.6, 3.3 4.1- 4.7

2, 3, 4

3.3 Take actions to eliminate workplace hazards and reduce risks

Ch 3.11 4.1 – 4.7

3, 4

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BSBWHS201 Contribute to Healthmicrostarpublishing.com.au/OLL/FNS_R_3/Samples/BSBWHS201_Sample.pdf · Injuries that occur from unsafe plant and equipment include minor cuts and burns,

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