BS 437

BRITISH STANDARD BS 437:1978Incorporating Amendment No. 1

Specification for

Cast iron spigot and socket drain pipes and fittings

UDC 696.133:621.643.22:669.13

BS 437:1978

This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Hardware and Ironmongery Standards Committee, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 31 October 1978

BSI 10-1999

First published February 1932First revision June 1933Second revision (as BS 437-1) November 1970Third revision (as BS 437) October 1978

The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference HIB/3Draft for comment 77/12204

ISBN 0 580 10294 7

Cooperating organizations

The Hardware and Ironmongery Standards Committee, under whose direction this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government department and scientific and industrial organizations:

Aluminium FederationAssociation of Builders Hardware ManufacturersAluminium Window AssociationBritish Hardware FederationBritish Ironfounders Association*British Lock Manufacturers AssociationBritish Plastics FederationCopper Development AssociationDepartment of the Environment (Building Research Establishment)Department of the Environment (Housing and Construction)Greater London Council*Guild of Architectural IronmongersMetropolitan PoliceRoyal Institute of British ArchitectsRoyal Institution of Chartered SurveyorsSteel Window AssociationZinc Development Association

The organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard:

British Cast Iron Research AssociationDepartment of the Environment (PSA)Ductile Iron Pipe AssociationEnvironmental Health Officers AssociationInstitute of PlumbingInstitution of Municipal EngineersInstitution of Public Health EngineersNational Association of Plumbing, Heating and Mechanical Services

ContractorsNational Federation of Builders and Plumbers Merchants

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date of issue Comments

5877 June 1988 Indicated by a sideline in the margin

BS 437:1978

BSI 10-1999 i

Contents

PageCooperating organizations Inside front coverForeword iii1 Scope 12 References 13 Quality of material 14 Freedom from defects 15 Permissible deviations on dimensions and masses 16 Depth of seal 17 Hydrostatic requirement 18 Crushing requirement 19 Coating 2

10 Inspection 211 Marking 2Appendix A Crushing test 50Figure 1 Drain pipe, socket and spigot, and fittings 3Figure 2 Drain bend 5Figure 3 Drain bend with access door on side 6Figure 4 Drain bend with rectangular access door on heel 7Figure 5 Drain branch 8Figure 6 Drain branch with rectangular access door on side 9Figure 7 Drain branch with rectangular access door at back 10Figure 8 Straight access piece 11Figure 9 Drain branch and straight access piece with rectangular door 12Figure 10 Diminishing piece 13Figure 11 Long tail drain bend 13Figure 12 Long tail drain branch 13Figure 13 Long drain bend 14Figure 14 Large radius long tail drain bend 14Figure 15 Large radius drain bend 15Figure 16 Long trapping bend 15Figure 17 Drain bend with socket for WC outlet 16Figure 18 Drain connector with socket for WC outlet 17Figure 19 Drain bend with large socket for clayware 17Figure 20 Drain connector with large socket for clayware 18Figure 21 Cast iron socket ferrule with brass screwed cap 18Figure 22 Disconnecting trap for clayware channel and clearing arm with or without plate, bridle and brass setscrew 19Figure 23 Disconnecting trap and clearing arm with or without plate, bridle and brass setscrew 20Figure 24 Disconnecting trap with reverse clearing arm fitted with plate, bridle and brass setscrew and 100 mm vent socket 20Figure 25 Gully trap 21Figure 26 Disconnecting trap and clearing arm 21Figure 27 Plain raising piece 22Figure 28 Raising piece: single inlet branch 22Figure 29 Raising piece: inlet branches at 180 22Figure 30 Raising piece: inlet branches at 90 22Figure 31 Plain tapered gully inlet 23Figure 32 Tapered gully inlet: single branch 23

BS 437:1978

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PageFigure 33 Tapered gully inlet: two branches at 180 23Figure 34 Tapered gully inlet: two branches at 90 23Figure 35 Gully grating 24Figure 36 Grease seal cover and frame 24Figure 37 Recessed cover and frame 24Figure 38 Gully trap 25Figure 39 Diminisher for use with gully branch 25Figure 40 Diminisher with 90 bend 26Figure 41 Trapless gully 26Figure 42 Trapless gully 27Figure 43 Gully trap 28Figure 44 Gully trap 29Figure 45 Garage gully and raising piece 30Figure 46 Garage gully and raising piece 31Figure 47 High invert gully trap 32Figure 48 Low invert gully trap 33Figure 49 Gully trap with surface access fitted with brass screws and washer 34Figure 50 Bellmouth gully inlet 34Figure 50a Loose grating 35Figure 50b Loose grating with notch for downpipe 35Figure 50c Hinged and locking grating and frame 35Figure 50d Solid plate 35Figure 51 Bellmouth gully inlets with single branch 36Figure 52 Bellmouth gully inlets with two branches at 180 36Figure 53 Bellmouth gully inlets with two branches at 90 36Figure 54 Bellmouth gully inlets with vertical branch 37Figure 55 Gully inlet and grating 38Figure 56 Rainwater shoe with horizontal inlet 38Figure 56a Rainwater shoe loose grating 39Figure 56b Solid cover screwed to shoe with brass setscrews and washer and closed keyway 39Figure 57 Socket reducer 39Figure 58 Loose collar 40Figure 59 Double socket connector 40Figure 60 Spigot cap for spigot end of drainpipe 41Figure 61 Socket plug for socket end of drainpipe 41Figure 62 Airtight inspection eye cover fitted with two brass setscrews having closed keyway in cover 42Figure 63 WC connector having 50 mm parallel branch tapped 2 in B.S.P.T. 43Figure 64 Flat grating to fit 100 mm and 150 mm drain sockets 43Figure 65 Inspection chambers 44Figure 66 Detail of inspection chamber and cover 49Figure 67 Crushing test apparatus 50Publications referred to Inside back cover

BS 437:1978

BSI 10-1999 iii

Foreword

This revision of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Hardware and Ironmongery Standards Committee. In addition to pipes, it includes a range of bends, branches and other fittings, which were previously covered in BS 1130 Schedule of cast iron drain fittings. BS 437-1 and BS 1130 will be withdrawn on the publication of this revision. The socket and pipe dimensions given in Figure 1 render the pipes and fittings specified in this standard suitable for jointing with caulked joints to pipes complying with the requirements of BS 4622 (100 mm and 150 mm) and BS 1211.The spigot and socket shown in Figure 1 are given as a guide. Leading dimensions are specified but details of the socket outside profile and the provision of a bead to the spigot are left to the individual manufacturer.Double socket lengths of pipes have been included and these should comply with the requirements and tests laid down for the corresponding spigot and socket pipes.The angles of bends and branches have been redesignated using the method agreed in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), i.e. the angle quoted is the angle through which the flow is diverted. Angles previously designated 92", 112", 135, 157" and 170 are therefore now designated 87", 67", 45, 22" and 10.The pipes and fittings covered by this standard are for use buried in the ground or suspended, and are also suitable for drainage above ground when their use is considered necessary. Cast iron pipes and fittings complying with the requirements of BS 416 are generally used for drainage above ground.A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages 1 to 50, an inside back cover and a back cover.This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.

iv blank

BS 437:1978

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1 ScopeThis British Standard specifies requirements for single and double socket cast iron pipes and fittings, manufactured by the sand cast or centrifugally cast (spun) processes, for drainage purposes, where the installations will not be subjected to pressures greater than those specified in clause 7.Where pipes or fittings are ordered and supplied with some form of flexible joint, the requirements of this standard apply only to the body.

2 ReferencesThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover.

3 Quality of materialThe metal used for the manufacture of pipes and fittings shall be suitable for the method of manufacture and shall be of a quality not less than that specified in BS 1452, grade 150.Washers for access doors shall be at least 6.4 mm thick in a material complying with the requirements of BS 2494, type 2.

4 Freedom from defectsCastings shall be sound and free from defects that render them unsuitable for their purpose. Every casting shall ring clearly when tested for soundness by being struck with a light hammer.

5 Permissible deviations on dimensions and massesPipes and fittings, unless otherwise specified, shall conform to the appropriate dimensions shown in Figure 1 to Figure 66, and shall be subject to the following permissible deviations:

6 Depth of sealThe depth of seal in all fittings incorporating a water seal shall be 50 mm minimum unless otherwise shown in the relevant figure.

7 Hydrostatic requirementPipes and fittings, after coating, shall be capable of withstanding the following hydrostatic pressures:

Pipes and fittings, when subjected to these test pressures, shall show no signs of leakage. The test pressure shall be applied internally and shall be maintained for not less than 15 s, or as much longer as may be required for proper proof and inspection, up to a maximum of 1 min.

8 Crushing requirementPipes and, where applicable, fittings, when tested in accordance with Appendix A, shall be capable of withstanding a test load of 150 kN per metre run.

mass: 10 %thickness: the wall thickness of the barrel of the pipe or body of the fitting shall at no point be less

than 87" % of the thickness given in Figure 1length: 12.5 mm

pipes 345 kPaa

fittings 170 kPaa 1 kPa = 1 kN/m2 = 10 mbar . 100 mm water.

BS 437:1978

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9 CoatingUnless otherwise specified by the purchaser, castings shall be thoroughly cleaned and dried and then coated by either:

a) cold applied coatings complying with the requirements of BS 3416; orb) hot applied coatings complying with the requirements of BS 4147 or BS 4164, at the manufacturers option.

The coatings by either method shall be smooth and tenacious, sufficiently hard not to flow when exposed to a temperature of 63 C and not so brittle at a temperature of 0 C as to chip off when scribed lightly with the point of a penknife.Any casting that, by either method, is imperfectly coated, or the coating of which does not set or conform to the quality specified, shall be recoated.

10 InspectionThe representative appointed by the purchaser shall have access to the works of the manufacturer at all reasonable times; he shall be at liberty to inspect the manufacture at any stage and to reject any material or finished casting that does not comply with the requirements of this standard.The manufacturer shall, at his own cost, supply labour and appliances for such inspection as may be carried out on his premises.Should the metal used in the manufacture of the castings not comply with the requirements specified, or should any of the products not conform to the dimensions or other requirements, the product or products so failing shall be deemed not to comply with the requirements of this British Standard, and any marking indicating compliance shall be obliterated.

11 Marking11.1 Every casting shall, where practicable, have cast upon it in a legible manner a figure indicating the nominal size, together with the manufacturers name or trade mark and the number of this British Standard, e.g.

100manufacturers name or trade markBS 437

11.2 Every centrifugally cast pipe shall be marked as required in 11.1, except that the letter S shall be added to the marking.Pipes manufactured by this process shall be deemed to comply with the marking requirements if the particulars required in this clause are legibly marked on each pipe instead of being cast on.

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Nominal bore

50 75 100 150 225

mm mm mm mm mm

Pipe

Minimum bore A 48 74 99 150 225External diameter (max.) B 65 92 119 173 256Thickness (nominal) C 6 7 8 9 13Projection of spigot bead D 5 5 5 5 5Spigot bead diameter (max.) D1 75 102 129 183 265Width of spigot bead (nominal) E 15 15 15 20 20

Socket

Minimum bore F 81 108 136 190 276External diameter (nominal) G 115 150 185 240 335Thickness (min.) H 16 19 22 22 27Thickness (min.) H1 9 13 14 14 17Internal depth (min.) J 75 75 75 90 115Diameter at bottom K 65 92 119 173 256Caulking clearance (min.) 8 8 9 9 10

Nominal mass of pipe: kg kg kg kg kgper 1.83 m length (single socket) 17.7 28.6 40.8 71.2 143.8per 1.83 m length (double socket) 33.1 46.7 80.3 162.8per 2.74 m length (single socket) 40.8 58.5 102.1 206.4per 3.66 m length (single socket) 52.6 76.2 132.9 268.5

Figure 1 Drain pipe, socket and spigot, and fittings (continued)

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Nominal bore

75 100 150 225

mm mm mm mm

Minimum bore A 74 99 150 225Pipe External diameter (max.) B 97 119 171 261

Thickness (nominal) C 7.4 7.5 8.3 9.4Minimum bore F 113 135 187 277External diameter (nominal) G 160 185 240 340

Socket Thickness (min.) H 19 22 22 27Thickness (min.) H1 10 10.5 12 16Internal depth (min.) J 76 76 89 102Caulking clearance (min.) 8 8 8 8

Nominal mass of pipe: kg kg kg kgper 3.60 m length (single socket) 60 75 122 214per 5.50 m length (single socket) 86 109 177 310

Figure 1 Drain pipe, socket and spigot, and fittings (concluded)

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DimensionsNominal bore

50a 75 100 150 225

mm mm mm mm mm

= 87" A 210 290 310 350 405B 130 230 240 265 315

C 110 100 110 120 135

= 67" A 180 255 280 290 355B 100 165 180 205 230

C 110 120 140 135 170

= 45 A 150 240 265 280 345

B 75 115 140 140 180

C 110 165 180 185 230

= 22" A 150 170 215B 75 90 100

C 110 120 135

= 10 A 130 140 160

B 50 65 65

C 110 120 135a For the 50 mm size bend, the throat radius shall be 75 mm.

Figure 2 Drain bends

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Nominal bore

100 150 225

mm mm mm

A 100 150 230B 150 150 230C 205 260 340

D 30 30 40E 40 40 40F 55 60 60

G 25 25 25H 15 15 15J 10 15 15

K 5 5 5L 90 110 160M 10 10 15

N 3 3 3P 15 15 15Q 45 50 50

R1 15 15 15R2 35 35 35S 2 2 2

For other dimensions of bends see Figure 2.

Figure 3 Drain bend with access door on side (87", 67" and 45 only)

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Nominal bore

100 150 225

mm mm mm

A 100 150 230B 150 150 230C 205 260 340

D 215 215 305E 155 210 290F 125 125 190

G 45 45 55H 25 25 25J 15 15 15

K 10 15 15L 5 5 5M 50 75 115

N 10 10 15P 3 3 3Q 15 15 15

R1 15 15 15R2 35 35 35S 45 50 50

T 2 2 2

For other dimensions of bends see Figure 2.

Figure 4 Drain bend with rectangular access door on heel (87", 67" and 45 only)

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mm mm mm mm mm mm mm

Nominal boreA 75 100 150 150 225 225 225A1 75 100 100 150 100 150 225

= 87" B 305 355 355 430 405 455 585C 110 125 180 190 230 230 255D 80 100 95 125 100 125 165R 50 50 115 135 115 135 185

Nominal boreA 75 100 150 150 225 225 225A1 75 100 100 150 100 150 225

= 67" B 305 355 355 430 405 455 585C 100 120 150 170 215 215 240D 100 125 135 185 170 195 240R 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Nominal boreA 75 100 150 150 225 225 225A1 75 100 100 150 100 150 225

= 45 B 305 355 355 430 405 455 585C 150 185 220 260 280 310 370D 155 190 220 255 265 310 375R 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Figure 5 Drain branch

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mm mm mm mm mm mm

Nominal boreA 100 150 150 225 225 225A1 100 100 150 100 150 225

= 87" B 395 430 430 535 535 585C 125 180 190 230 230 255D 100 95 125 100 125 165E 135 135 135 185 185 185R 50 110 135 115 135 185

Nominal boreA 100 150 150 225 225 225A1 100 100 150 100 100 225

= 67" B 395 430 430 535 535 585C 110 150 170 215 215 240D 125 135 185 170 195 240E 135 135 135 185 185 185R 50 50 50 50 50 50

Nominal boreA 100 150 150 225 225 225A1 100 100 150 100 150 225

= 45 B 395 430 430 520 520 585C 185 220 260 280 310 370D 190 220 255 265 310 375E 135 135 135 185 185 155R 50 50 50 50 50 50

Figure 6 Drain branch with rectangular access door on side

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mm mm mm

Nominal boreA 100 150 150A1 100 100 150

= 87" B 395 430 430C 125 180 190D 100 95 125E 135 135 135R 50 115 135

Nominal boreA 100 150 150A1 100 100 150

= 67" B 395 430 430C 120 150 170D 120 135 185E 135 135 135R 50 50 50

Nominal boreA 100 150 150A1 100 100 150

= 45 B 395 430 430C 185 220 260D 190 220 255E 135 135 135R 50 50 50

Figure 7 Drain branch with rectangular access door at back

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Nominal bore

75 100 150 225

mm mm mm mm

A 355 405 430 535

B 110 140 140 185

Figure 8 Straight access piece

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Nominal bore

75 100 150 225

mm mm mm mm

A 75 100 150 230B 115 150 150 230C 180 205 260 340

D 165 215 215 305E 130 155 210 290F 75 130 125 190

G 45 45 45 55H 25 25 25 25J 10 15 15 15

K 10 10 15 15L 5 5 5 5M 75 90 115 160

M1 50 65 80 130N 8 9 9 13P 3 3 3 3

R1 15 15 15 15R2 35 35 35 35S 15 15 15 15

T 45 45 50 50U 2 2 2 2

Figure 9 Drain branch and straight access piece with rectangular door

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Nominal bore

A 75 100 100 150 225 225A1 50 50 75 100 100 150

mm mm mm mm mm mm

B 85 85 85 95 110 110C 230 230 230 255 305 305NOTE B dimension is minimum and may be increased.

Figure 10 Diminishing piece

Figure 11 Long tail drain bend (suitable for use with ranges of WCs)

Nominal bore A100 150

mm mm

A1 100 100B 915 915C 180 205D 100 100R 75 75

Figure 12 Long tail drain branch (suitable for use with ranges of WCs)

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Figure 13 Long drain bend

Figure 14 Large radius long tail drain bend

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Nominal bore

100 150

mm mm

A 875 875B 875 875

Figure 15 Large radius drain bend

Nominal bore

100 150 225

mm mm mm

A 760 760 760B 380 380 380

Figure 16 Long trapping bend

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Nominal bore 100

87" 65" 45

mm mm mm

A 60 55 55B 240 180 140C 110 140 180D 310 280 265R 150 150 150

Figure 17 Drain bend with socket for WC outlet

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Nominal bore 100

mm

A 50305

B 455610

Figure 18 Drain connector with socket for WC outlet

Nominal bore

100 150

mm mm

A 60 65B 240 265

= 87" C 110 120D 310 350E 170 215R 150 150A 55 60B 180 205

= 67" C 140 135D 280 290E 160 215R 150 150A 60 65B 140 140

= 45 C 180 185D 265 280E 160 215R 150 150

Figure 19 Drain bend with large socket for clayware

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Nominal bore

100 150 225

mm mm mm

A 55 65 65B 160 215 305C 305 305 305

Figure 20 Drain connector with large socket for clayware

Nominal bore

75 100 150

mm mm mm

A 125 125 140B 85 110 160C 20 20 20

Figure 21 Cast iron socket ferrule with brass screwed cap

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Nominal bore

Trap Arm A B C

mm mm mm

100 100 230 530 220150 100 320 640 300

Figure 22 Disconnecting trap for clayware channel and clearing arm with or without plate, bridle and brass setscrew

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Nominal boreA B C

Trap Arm

mm mm mm

100 100 230 530 220150 100 300 660 290

Figure 23 Disconnecting trap and clearing arm with or without plate, bridle and brass setscrew

Nominal boreA B C

Trap Arm

mm mm mm

100 100 290 580 220150 100 320 660 300

Figure 24 Disconnecting trap with reverse clearing arm fitted with plate, bridle and brass setscrew and 100 mm vent socket

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Nominal bore A B C

mm mm mm

100 240 430 210150 330 470 300

Figure 25 Gully trap (100 mm and 150 mm outlet 87")

Nominal boreA B C D Seal

Trap Arm

mm mm mm mm mm

100 100 240 530 230 240 50150 100 320 630 300 255 62.5225 150 440 840 420 375 100

Figure 26 Disconnecting trap and clearing arm (can be supplied with or without fresh air inlet on either side)

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Figure 27 Plain raising piecea (A = 115 mm, 150 mm, 225 mm or 300 mm)

Figure 28 Raising piece: single inlet brancha

Figure 29 Raising piece: inlet branches at 180a

Figure 30 Raising piece: inlet branches at 90a

a The above raising pieces, 225 mm, have top to suit 267 mm diameter grating or sealed cover; socket, 40 mm deep minimum; branches horizontal, 100 mm diameter.

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Figure 31 Plain tapered gully inleta Figure 32 Tapered gully inlet: single brancha

Figure 33 Tapered gully inlet: two branches at 180a

Figure 34 Tapered gully inlet: two branches at 90a

a The above tapered gully inlets have 100 mm/150 mm outlets. Top to suit 270 mm diameter grating or sealed cover; socket, 40 mm deep minimum.

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Diameter Thickness270 mm 40 mm350 mm 55 mm420 mm 70 mm

Figure 35 Gully grating

Figure 36 Grease seal cover and frame (270 mm diameter)

Figure 37 Recessed cover and frame (270 mm diameter; fitted with two brass screws)

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Nominal bore A B C

B1 C1

mm mm mm mm mm

100 130 450 220 450 90150 180 530 290 550 170

Figure 38 Gully trap (225 mm inlet, 100 mm and 150 mm outlets 87" or 45. Socket to suit raising piece to Figure 27, Figure 28, Figure 29 and

Figure 30. Socket, 40 mm deep minimum)

Nominal bore A

mm

100/50 110100/75 110

Figure 39 Diminisher for use with gully branch

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26 BSI 10-1999

Nominal bore A B

mm mm

100/50 150 110100/75 150 110

Figure 40 Diminisher with 90 bend (for use with gully branch)

Nominal bore A B C

mm mm mm

100 225 280 130

Figure 41 Trapless gully (225 mm diameter inside. Socket to suit a 270 mm diameter grating to Figure 35. Socket, 40 mm deep minimum)

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Nominal bore A B C

mm mm mm

100 560 300 230

Figure 42 Trapless gully (225 mm diameter inside 610 mm deep overall to suit a 270 mm diameter grating to Figure 35. Inlet socket can be cast on in positions a, b, c)

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28 BSI 10-1999

Nominal bore A B C

mm mm mm

100 560 340 150

Figure 43 Gully trap (225 mm diameter inside 610 mm deep overall to suit a 270 mm diameter grating to Figure 35)

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Nominal bore A B C

mm mm mm

100 380 440 125

Figure 44 Gully trap (225 mm diameter inside 430 mm deep overall to suit raising pieces to Figure 27, Figure 28, Figure 29 and Figure 30 or a 270 mm diameter grating to Figure 35)

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30 BSI 10-1999

(a) 300 mm diameter inside. 100 mm outlet. Grating 350 mm diameter 55 mm thick. Galvanized mild steel sediment pan. Internal access fitted with screwed brass cap. 100 mm inlet can be cast on in positions a, b or c.

Depth A B C

mm mm mm mm

610 560 430 190760 710 430 190

(b) 300 mm diameter inside. Socket depth = 55 mm .A = 75 mm, 115 mm, 150 mm, 225 mm, 300 mm

Figure 45 Garage gully and raising piece

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Depth A B C

mm mm mm mm

760 710 560 200

(a)380 mm diameter inside. 150 mm outlet. Grating 425 mm diameter 70 mm thick.Galvanized mild steel sediment pan.Internal access fitted with screwed brass cap.100 mm or 150 mm inlets can be cast on in positions a, b or c.

(b)380 mm diameter inside. Socket depth = 70 mm.A = 75 mm, 115 mm, 150 mm, 275 mm, and 300 mm.

Figure 46 Garage gully and raising piece

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32 BSI 10-1999

Nominal bore A B

B1 B2 C C1 C2

mm mm mm mm mm mm mm

75 115 330 360 270 180 70 20100 125 380 410 300 240 115 10150 180 495 500 410 310 165 10

Figure 47 High invert gully trap (87", 45 or vertical outlet)

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Nominal bore A B

B1 B2 C C1 C2

mm mm mm mm mm mm mm

75 150 300 300 230 160 60 25100 180 380 380 290 200 80 25150 240 440 485 410 290 155 10

Figure 48 Low invert gully trap (87", 45 or vertical outlet)

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Nominal bore A B

B2 C1 C2 D Seal

mm mm mm mm mm mm mm

100 125 455 300 205 230 60 75

Figure 49 Gully trap with surface access fitted with brass screws and washer

Nominal bore A dia B

mm mm

75 205 300100 205 300

Figure 50 Bellmouth gully inlet

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Figure 50a Loose grating (nominal 200 mm diameter 12 mm deep)

Figure 50b Loose grating with notch for downpipe (nominal 200 mm diameter 12 mm deep)

Figure 50c Hinged and locking grating and frame (nominal 200 mm diameter 12 mm deep)

Figure 50d Solid plate (nominal 200 mm diameter 12 mm deep screwed to bellmouth gully inlet with brass screws and a washer)

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36 BSI 10-1999

Figure 51 Bellmouth gully inlet with single branch

Figure 52 Bellmouth gully inlet with two branches at 180

Figure 53 Bellmouth gully inlet with two branches at 90

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Figure 54 Bellmouth gully inlet with vertical branch

Dimensions for Figure 51, Figure 52, Figure 53 and Figure 54

Nominal bore

Outlet Branch A dia B C D D1 D2mm mm mm mm mm mm

75a 50 205 300 80

75a 75 205 300 90

100 50 205 300 90 150

100 75 205 300 120 180

100 100 205 300 120 190a Not available with vertical branch (Figure 54)

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38 BSI 10-1999

Figure 55 Gully inlet and grating (100 mm outlet 280 mm 280 mm over top grating 240 mm 240 mm 40 mm thick)

Nominal bore A B

mm mm

100 125 530

Figure 56 Rainwater shoe with horizontal inlet

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A B C

mm mm mm

240 140 20

Figure 56a Rainwater shoe loose grating

A B C

mm mm mm

240 140 20

Figure 56b Solid cover screwed to shoe with brass setscrews and washer and closed keyway

Figure 57 Socket reducer (75 mm 50 mm, 100 mm 50 mm, 100 mm 75 mm, 150 mm 100 mm)

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Sizemm mm mm mm mm

50 75 100 150 225

A 165 180 180 200 250

Figure 58 Loose collar

Sizemm mm mm mm mm

50 75 100 150 225

A 190 190 190 230 250

Figure 59 Double socket connector

BS 437:1978

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Figure 60 Spigot cap for spigot end of drain pipe (50 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 225 mm)

Figure 61 Socket plug for socket end of drainpipe (50 mm, 75 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 225 mm bores)

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42 BSI 10-1999

Nominal bore A B

mm mm

100 270 190

Figure 62 Airtight inspection eye cover fitted with two brass setscrews having closed keyway in cover

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Nominal bore A B Socket size

mm mm mm

100 300 120 140 mm dia 50 mm deep

Figure 63 WC connector having 50 mm parallel branch tapped 2 in B.S.P.T

Figure 64 Flat grating to fit 100 mm and 150 mm drain sockets

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44 BSI 10-1999

The minimum throat radius at branch entry shall be 50 mm

mm mm mm mm mm mm

Main bore 100 150 150 225 225 225Branch bore 100 100 150 100 150 225

45 45 45 45 45 45A 540 560 580 690 740 810B 240 260 290 330 360 420C 300 300 290 360 380 390D 270 270 310 330 380 460E 220 250 280 310 330 380F 220 260 260 355 355 355G (max) 395 395 405 520 520 595(a) For 010, 011, 110, 111

Figure 65 Inspection chambers

BS 437:1978

BSI 10-1999 45

The minimum throat radius at branch entry shall be 50 mm.

mm mm mm mm mm

Main bore 100 150 150 225 225Branch bore 100 100 150 100 150 45 45 45 45 45A 770 790 940 950 1 110B 240 260 290 330 360C 250 250 360 250 360D 280 280 290 370 390E 520 520 660 580 740F 220 250 280 300 330G 220 260 260 355 355H 595 595 760 795 800(b) For 012, 212, 210

Figure 65 Inspection chambers (continued)

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46 BSI 10-1999

mm mm mm mm mm

Main bore 100 150 150 225 225Branch bore 100 100 150 100 150 45 45 45 45 45A 1 020 1 040 1 300 1 200 1 470B 240 260 290 330 360C 250 250 360 250 360D 280 280 290 370 390E 780 780 1 030 840 1 090F 220 250 280 310 330G 220 260 260 355 355H 850 885 1 120 1 150 1 145(c) For 013, 310

The minimum throat radius at branch entry shall be 50 mm.

Figure 65 Inspection chambers (continued)

BS 437:1978

BSI 10-1999 47

The minimum throat radius at branch entry shall be 50 mm.

mm mm mm

Main bore 100 150 225Branch bore 100 100 100 45 45 45A 1 020 1 040 1 200B 240 260 330C 250 250 250D 280 280 370E 780 780 840F 220 250 310G 220 260 355H 850 885 1 150(d) For 313

Figure 65 Inspection chambers (continued)

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48 BSI 10-1999

mm mm mm

Main bore 100 150 225

Branch bore 100 100 100

45 45 45

A 1 270 1 290 1 450

B 240 260 330

C 250 250 250

D 280 280 370

E 1 030 1 030 1 030

F 220 250 310

G 220 260 355

H 1 120 1 120 1 195

(e) For 414, 014, 410

The minimum throat radius at branch entry shall be 50 mm.

Figure 65 Inspection chambers (concluded)

BS 437:1978

BSI 10-1999 49

Nominal bore

mm mm mm

100 150 225N 90 115 160Diameter of bolt S 13 13 16Length of bolt T 44 51 51Rubber washer Minimum thickness W 7 7 7

Figure 66 Detail of inspection chamber and cover

BS 437:1978

50 BSI 10-1999

Appendix A Crushing testA.1 Apparatus (see Figure 67)A.1.1 A testing machine shall be used of an accuracy at least equal to that required by BS 1610, grade B.A.1.2 The machine shall apply the load by way of bearing beams to upper and lower press blocks. The arrangement shall be such that the Load is applied in a vertical plane through the longitudinal centre lines of bearings and pipe.The bearing beams shall be of rigid materials, such as RSJs, at least 150 mm wide.The upper press block shall be flat metal or hard wood 25 mm wide.The lower press block shall be a metal or hard wood V-shaped support having an included angle of 150 and a minimum total width of 150 mm.

Bearing beams and press blocks shall be at least 305 mm long.The press blocks shall be faced with rubber 15 mm thick having a hardness between 50 IRHD and 60 IRHD as defined in BS 903-A26.A.2 Size of test piecesCut a straight section 300 5 mm long from the pipe to be tested. The ends of the piece shall be without bead or socket and shall be at right angles to the axis of the piece.A.3 MethodApply the proof crushing load specified in clause 8 evenly and continuously at such a rate that the proof load is reached in between 30 s and 1 min. Sustain the proof load for 30 s.

Figure 67 Crushing test apparatus

BS 437:1978

BSI 10-1999

Publications referred to

BS 416, Cast iron spigot and socket soil, waste and ventilating pipes (sand cast and spun) and fittings1). BS 903, Methods of testing vulcanized rubber. BS 903-A26, Determination of hardness. BS 1211, Centrifugally cast (spun) iron pressure pipes for water, gas and sewage1). BS 1452, Grey iron castings. BS 1610, Methods for the load verification of testing machines. BS 2494, Materials for elastomeric joint rings for pipework and pipelines. BS 3416, Black bitumen coating solutions for cold application. BS 4147, Hot applied bitumen based coating for ferrous products. Metric units. BS 4164, Coal tar based hot applied coating materials for protecting iron and steel, including suitable primers where required. BS 4622, Grey iron pipes and fittings1).

1) Referred to in the foreword only.

BS 437:1978

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