APPENDIX G BRITISH SOCIAL ATTlTUDES Qestionnares wth weighted margnals (percentages) and SPSS variable names (1) L version internew questionnaire (2) (3) L version self-completion questionnaire (4) Y version self-completion questionnaire Y version internew questionnaire, pp 4OY-62Y NORTHERN IRELAND SOCIAL. AlTlTUDES Questionnaires wth weighted margnals (percentages) and SPSS variable names (1) Interwew questionnare (2) Self-completion questionname
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APPENDIX G
BRITISH SOCIAL ATTlTUDES
Qestionnares wth weighted margnals (percentages) and SPSS variable names
(1) L version internew questionnaire
(2)
(3) L version self-completion questionnaire
(4) Y version self-completion questionnaire
Y version internew questionnaire, pp 4OY-62Y
NORTHERN IRELAND SOCIAL. AlTlTUDES
Questionnaires wth weighted margnals (percentages) and SPSS variable names
(1) Interwew questionnare
(2) Self-completion questionname
NOTES TO APPENDIX G
Figures do not necessardy add up to 100 per cent because of weighting and rounding, or for one or more of the followng reasons
(1) very s m d ) They are, of course, included on the datatape
(ii) Some sub-questions are fdtered, that is they are asked of only a proportion of respondents In these cases the percentages add up (approxlmately) to the proportions who were asked them Where, however, a senesof questions is filtered (for instance in Section 2 of the interwew questionnaire), we have indicated the weighted base at the be@mng of the series, and throughout derived percentages from that base Medians which could have been derived from unweighted bases of less than 50 have not been gwen
(iii) of people gvmg each response) are shown, rather than percentages
(iv) so percentages may add to well over 100 per cent internewer instructions on the questionnaires
We have not always included figures for those not answering (which are usually
If the (unweighted) base for a question is less than 50, frequencies (the number
At a few questions, respondents were invlted to give more than one answer, and These are clearly marked by
The Enflsh Socul Affuudesself-completion questionnaire was not completed by 13 per cent of respondents who were successfully intemewed To allow for comparisons over tune, the answers in the supplement have been repercentaged on the base of those respondents who returned it (for version L, 1,163 weighted, for version Y, 1,186 weighted) This means that the figures are comparable wth those gwen in all earlier Reports in this series except The 1984 Report, where repercentagng is necessary if comparisons are to be made
The Norfhem Ireland Socul Affuudes self-completion questionnaire was not returned by 14 per cent of respondents to the main questionnaire Again the answers in the supplement have been repercentaged on the base of those who returned it (783 weighted)
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INCOMAPI hirkkimg o f l n s a 1 s r . l ~ gancr.11y In the K roday , would you say chat chc between hose w i t h high 1tlc01.m and chose w i t h low r n C D I . I. ... mKm m ...
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Too low Much LOO Low
ISRINCI ( D K ~ N A )
.. lxAD m ... hong which group would YOU place y o u r s e l f
5 . 1 1 . 4 4 2 . 4
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IHINCDIFFI 'hich of the phrales on r h i s Card would you a y comes slo.esr t o your f ee l ings about your ousehald'n 1m-e cheie days?
Livrnll comfor t ab ly on pre lenr I ~ C O ~ C
copmg on present L"C.'e
Finding i t d i f f i c u i r on pre(l~r,r ~ n c 0 . e Find ing IL very d i f f i c u l t on present rncamc
the* tmm U,)
HINCPASTI m t i n g back over the 1a.C m a r or 10. would you ay your hou*ehoid's inso= has . . . .uD mr . . .
... f a l l e n behind ~ ~ L c c s .
kept up r i c h pricen.
o r - gone up by more chan prlcea?
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(HA)
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During che 1a.c five Y C I ~ - L h I L i s since UarCh 1985 - have you been unemployed and secking work f o r m y period?
Yes
NO IEUUEMPTI IP N AS a)
b ) For nor many months i n tota l dur ing <he Last five years?
Ipw
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For any per iod during the l a s r five yea r s have yov worked 1 self-employed person 18 your main Job?
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b ) Hor seriously ill the last flve year. have you cons ide red working a. a self-cmployed person ... m m . . .
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Yes 2
NO 2u
GUNEMPI UL ON GOVERNMENT SCE- ICODE 02 AT Q . 2 1 1
'urlng chc 11.c fLve years - that is since larch I985 ~ have you been unemployed & teetine work for any period?
Ye,
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Ye.
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IUh'ORKIUl And in Chc seven day3 ending 1a.C Sunday. dtd you h a w m y paid work o f less than ten hours a week? Yes
NO
I J O R W A L I How confident are you char you u111 find 1 Jab LO march your qusllfications . ._ ELM am ...
... very confident.
quicc Confideor.
nat very confider,?,
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IUFINDJURI Although it may be difftcult CO Judge. how long frO. noy do you Chink L C will be before y o ~ flnd an Icceprable lob?
Real chance
No real chance
Ye,
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APPENDIX H
BRlTISH SOCIAL ATTITUDES
and
NORTHERN IRELAND SOCIAL. A'lTITWDES
Locabon of denved vanables recoded on the datatape
LOCATION OF DERIVED VARIABLES RECODED ON THE DATATAPE
VARIABLE (SPSS NAHE OF DERIVED VARIABLE)
1. Weight (format xx xxxx) [WTFACTOR]
2a) Age withln sex of respondents [ RSEXAGE]
Age: 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-59 60-64
65+ Refusedlnot answered
2b) Age of respondent [RAGECAT] 18-24
25-34 35-44 45-54 55-59 60-64
65+ Refusedlnot answered
3a) Standard region Scotland Northern
North West Yorks 6 Humberside
West Midlands East Midlands East Anglia South West
South East (excl. Greater London) Greater London
Wales Northern Ireland
[STREGION]
3 b ) Standard region (compressed) Scotland
North, North West, Yorks 6 Humberside Midlands (East and West)
Wales South (East, West and East Anglia)
Greater London Northern Ireland
[REGION]
SOURCE COLUKNS ON COLU).INS/ WHICH RECODED/ CODES RECODES
115-16 172-78 132-33 139-40 16 11-55
1611 2645-46 1612-13
Male = 01 Female = 02 03 04 05 06 07 08
16 12-1 3 2648
108-09 11 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 12
108-09
11 01, 02, 03 04, 05 10 06, 07, 08 09 12
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
2650-51
01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 1 1 12
2652
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
H1
Location of derived variables (cont'd)
4. Household type [HHTYFE] (one code only: priority code)
Single adult, 60 or over Two adults, one/both 60 o r over
Single adult, 18-59 Two adults, both 18-59
Youngest person 0-4 Youngest person 5-17
3 or more adults Insufficient information
5a) Party political identification (Britain only) 1 PTYALLEG]
Conservative: Part isan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
Labour: Partisan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
SDP/Liberal Democrat/Alliance: Partisan
Sympathiser Residual identifier
Other party
None
Green Party: Partisan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
Other/don't know/not answered
5b) Party political identification (compressed) (Britain only) [FARTYIDZ]
Conservative Labour
SDP/Liberal Democrat/Alliance Other party
None Green Party
Other/don't know/not answered
SOURCE COLUMNS/ CODES
['Household grid']
1611-1659
219-222
219-222
01 02
03-05 06-08 10 95
09, 97-99
COLUMNS ON WHICH RECODED/
RECODES
2654 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9
2656-57
01 02 03
04 05 06
07 08 09
10
11
12 13 14
98
2659
1 2 3 4 5 6 8
H2
Location of derived variables (cont'd)
5c) Party political identification: Northern Ireland only (including mainland parties) [NIPYALGII
Conservative: Partisan S ympa t h i s er
Residual identifier
Labour: Part isan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
SDPILiberal Democrat/Alliance- Partisan
sympathiser Residual identifier
Northern Ireland Alliance. Part isan
Sympathiser Residual identifier
Democratic Unionist: Part isan
Sympathiser Residual identifier
Official Unionist: Partisan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
Other Unionist party: Part isan
Sympathiser Residual identifier
Sinn Fein: Partisan S ympa t h i s er
Residual identifier
SDLP: Part isan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
Workers' Party Campaign for Equal Citizenship
Green Party: Part i san S ympa t h i s e r
Residual identifier
Other party None
Otherldon't knowlnot answered
SOURCE COLUMNS ON COLUuNS/ YHICH RECODED/ CODES RECODES
1108-11 2661-62
01 02 03
04 05 06
07 08 09
20 21 22
23 24 25
26 27 28
29 30 31
32 33 34
35 36 37
38 39
40 41 42
97 98 99
H3
Location of derived variables (cont’d) SOURCE COLUMNS ON COLUMNS / WHICH RECODED/
5d) Party political identification - CODES RECODES Northern Ireland only (compressed) (including mainland parties) 11 10-1 1 2664-65 “IPTYID21
Conservative Labour
SDP/Liberal Democrat/Alliance Northern Ireland Alliance
Democratic Unionist Official Unionist
Sinn Fein SDLP
Green Party Other party (incl. other unionist)
None Otherldon’t knowlnot answered
5e) Partv uolitical identification - I .
(Northern Ireland parties only) lNIPYALG21 N.B. If respondent chose a British party (columns 1110-11, codes 01-05) he or she is categorised as a residual identifier.
Northern Ireland Alliance: Part isan
Sympathiser Residual identifier
Democratic Unionist: Part isan
Sympathiser Residual identifier
Official Unionist: Partisan Sympathiser
Residual identifier Other Unionist party: Partisan
Sympathiser Residual identifier
Sinn Fein: Partisan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
SDLP: Part isan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
Workers’ Party Campaign for Equal Citizenship
Green Party: Part isan Sympathiser
Residual identifier
01 01 02 02
03-05 03 20 20 21 30 22 31 24 40 25 50 95 60
23; 26; 27; 08 97 10 98
09: 97-99 99
1108-13 2667-68
20 21 22
23 24 25
26 27 28
29 30 31
32 33 34 35 36 31 38 39
40 41 42
H4
Other party None
Otherldon't know/not answered Location of derived variables (cont'd)
SOURCE
CODES C O L r n S l
5f) Party political identification - Northern Ireland only (compressed) (Northern Ireland parties only) 11 12-1 3 [NIPTYID~]
Northern Ireland Alliance Democratic Unionist Official Unionist
Other Unionist party Sinn Fein
SDLP Workers' Party
Campaign for Equal Citizenship Green Party Other party
None Otherldon't knowlnot answered
2 0 21 2 2 2 3 2 4 25 2 6 2 7 95 08 10
09; 97-99
6) Current economic position Respondent. [RECONPOS] 2 7 3 - 7 4 ; 2 7 5 ; [SECONPOS~ 3 1 1 1 5 6 4
Spouselpartner 1868-69;
In paid work: 1918; 1926 Employee ( f ul 1- t ime ) * Employee (part-time!
Self-employed (part-time) Status not known
Waiting to take up paid work Unemployed
Looking after the home Retired
In full-time education Other
Don't know/not answered No spouselpartner
Self-employed (full-time)
3 0 or more hours a week
97 98 99
COLUMNS ON WHICH RECODED/
RECODES
2670-71
2 0 31 3 2 80 4 0 50 6 0 70 7 5 97 98 99
Respondent: 2 6 7 3 - 7 4
Spouse/partner. 2 6 7 5 - 7 6
01 0 2 0 3 0 4 05
0 6 0 7 08 09 10 11 99 00
H5
Location of derived variables (cont'd) SOURCE COLUMNS ON
CODES RECODES COLUMNS/ WHICH RECODED/
7. Socio-economic Group (SEC) - Respondent: Respondent: grouped (based on current or 1839-40 2678 last job) Spouse/partner: Spouse/partner: 1 RSEGGRP] 1908-09 2679
Professional 03, 04 1 Employers 01, 0 2 , 13 2
Intermediate (non-manual) 05 3 Junior (non-manual) 06 4
Skilled (manual) 0 8 , 09, 12,14 5 Semi-skilled (manual) 07,lO 6
Unskilled (manual) 11,15 7 Other occupation 16 8
Occupation not classifiable 17 9 Never had a job* -01 0
[SSEGGRP]
' Includes missing informationlno spouse or partner
8. Registrar General's Social Respondent: Class (based on current or 1841-42 last job) Spouselpartner: IRRGCLASSI 1910-1 1 [SRGCLASSI I
I1 111 (non-manual) 111 (manual) IV v
Not classifiable Never had a job*
Respondent: 2708
Spouselpartner: 2709
* Includes missing information/no spouse or partner
9. Goldthorpe class schema Respondent: Respondent: (compressed) (based on ia43-44 2711 current or last job) Spouselpartner: Spouselpartner: [RGHGRP] [SGHGRP] 1912-13 2712
Salariat (professional and managerial)
Routine non-manual workers (office and sales)
Petty bourgeoisie (the self- employed incl. farmers, with
and without employees) Manual foremen and supervisors Working class (skilled, semi- skilled and unskilled manual
workers, personal service and agricultural workers)
Insufficient information Never had a jobf
' Includes no spouse or partner
01, 0 2 1
03, 04 2
0 5 , 0 6 , 07 3 08 4
09, 1 0 , 11 5 99 9
- 1 0
H6
Location of derived variables (cont'd)
SOURCE C O L W S ON
CODES RECODES COLUKNS/ WHICH RECODED/
10a) Sectoral location (based Respondent: Respondent: on current or last job) SIC 1852-53 2714 ~ R I N D S E C T I SECTOR 1850-51 1 S INDSECT] Spouse/partner: Spouselpartner.
SIC 1923-24 2715 SECTOR 1921-22
Private sector manufacturing Private sector non-manufacturing Public sector service Public sector manufacturing,
transport and construction Not classiflable Never had a job*
' Includes no spouse or partner
1 2 3
4 9 0
l o b ) Standard Industrial Respondent Respondent Classification (SIC) 1852-53 2716-17 (compressed) (based on Spouse/partner Spouse/partner' current or last job) 1923-24 2718-19 RINDDIV I
11.
Agriculture etc. iSINDDIVj
Energylwater Metal extraction and chemicals
Metal goodslengineering Other manufacturing
Construction Distribution
Transportlcommunication Bankinglfinance Other services
Never had a job' Not classifiable
* Includes no spouse o r partner
Household members' attendance at private schools (Britain only). [PRIVED]
Respondent attended private school Respondent has not, but spouse/ partner or children attended
private school No-one in household has attended
private school Hissing information
' Priority code
1708-12
01 02 03 04 0 5 06 07 08 09 10 00 98
2721
1
H7
Location of derived variables (cont'd) SOURCE COLUMNS ON COLUMNS1 WHICH RECODEDI CODES RECODES
12. Highest educational qualification obtained 1 HEDQUAL]
Degree Higher education below degree level
A' level (or equivalent) 0 ' level (or equivalent)
CSE (or equivalent) Foreign and other No qualifications
Don't knowlnot answered
1733-40' 1742-65 2723
15 09, 11-14
1 2
03, 08,lO 3 02, 07 4 01, 05, 06 5 04, 97 6
173212 AND 174112 7 8
' Qualifications 'exploded' onto Columns 1766-79, 1808-25 13. Legal responsibility of ['Household
respondent for accommodation grid'] [LEGALRES] 1614, 1619 etc. 2725
Sole Shared None
No information
14. Accommodation tenure (summary) 1479-80 2727 [TENURE2 1
Ownedlbeing bought 01, 02 1
Corporation, Housing Executive) 03, 04 2 Rented (Housing Association) 05 3
Rented (other) 06-10 4 Rent free, squatting, etc. 11 5
No information 98, 99 9
Rented (LA/New Town Development
15. Marital status (summary) [MARRIED]
1608 2729
Marriedlliving as married 1, 2 Separated/divorced 3
Widowed 4 Never married 5 No information 8, 9
16. Religion (summary) [RELIGSUM]
961-62 2730
Church of EnglandJAnglicanJ Church of Ireland 04 1
Roman Catholic 03 2
21-23, 27 3 Non-Christian 09-14 4 No religion 01 5
Don't knowlnot answered 98, 99 8
Other Christian 02, 05-08,
H8
APPENDIX I
BRITISH SOCIAL ATTITUDES
Cross-index of questionnares 1983-1990
CROSS-INDEX OF BRITISH SOCIAL ATTITUDES QUESTIONNAIRES
1983 - 1990
A Interview questionnaire
1983
1 2a-e
9a
14
17
16 18 19
20
21 23 9c
25 26 27a
28 29 30 31
32a 32b 32c, d 35 36a
1984
1 2a-e
5a 5b
5c 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16a 17
18a 18b 19 20 21
22
23a 2 3b 24a
24b 25 26 27 28
29a 29b 29c,d 36 37a
1985
1 2a-e
3a 3b
3c 4 5 6 7
8 9
10 11
12a 12b 13 14 15
16
17a 17b 18a
18b 19 20 21 22
23a 23b 24a, b 27
SURVEY YEAR
1986
1 2a-e
3a 3b
3c 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12
13a 13b 14 15 16
17 18 19a 19b 20a
20b 2 1 22 23 24
25a 25b 26a,b 30 31a
1987
1 2a-e 2f 3a 3b
3c 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12
13a 13b 14 15 16
18 19 20a 20b 21a
21b 22 23 24 25
26a 26b
3 1 32a
1989
1 2a-d 2e 3a 3b
3c 4 5 6 7
8 9 10 11 12
13a 13b 14 15 16
18 19 20a 20b 21a
21b 22 23 24 25
26a 27b 27a,b 30 31a
1990
1 2a-d’ 2e 3a 3b
3c
5 6 7
42
83 9 10 1 2 13
14a 14b 15 16 17
18 19 20a 20b 21
22 234 24 265 27
28 29 30a,b 31 32a
N B Superscript numbers refer to the Notes to the Cross-index (following)
I1
SURVEY YEAR
1985 1986
. . . . . . . . . . 31c . . . . . . 32a,b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32c,d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
38b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38c . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 . . . . . . . . 32 . . . . . . . 40 . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . . . 41a . . . . . . . 34a . . . . . .
41c. . . . . . . 34c . . . . . . 43a . . . . . . . 36a . . . . . . 44a . . . . . . . 37a . . . . . . 44b . . . . . . . 37b . . . . . .
1983
36c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1984
37c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 37. . . . . . . 38. . . . . . . 39a.. . . . .
39c.. . . . . 40a.. . . . . 41a.. . . . . 41b.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42a.. . . . . 44a,b.. . . 44d.. . . . . 44e . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 46d.. . . . . 46a.. . . . . 46b,c.. . .
. . . . . . . . . 47. . . . . . . 48. . . . . . . 50. . . . . . . 51. . . . . . .
52. . . . . . . 53. . . . . . . 54. . . . . . . 56. . . . . . . 51. . . . . . .
58. . . . . . . 60. . . . . . . 79a.. . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
79b.. . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
80. . . . . . . 81. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 38. . . . . . . 39. . . . . . . 40a.. . . . .
40c.. . . . . 43a.. . . . . 44a.. . . . . 44b.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45a.. . . . . 49c,d.. . . 49e.. . . . . 49g.. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 52a.. . . . . 52b.. . . . . 52c,d., . . 52e.. . . . .
54. . . . . . . 55. . , , , . . 57. . . . . . . 58. . . . . . .
59. . . . . . . 60. . . . . . . 61.. . . . . . 63. . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
64. . . . . . . 67. . . . . . . 75a.. . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
75b.. . . . .
. .
76. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49a . . . . . . . 39a . . . . . . 53a,b . . . . . 43a,b . . . . 53c . . . . . . . 43c . . . . . . 53d . . . . . . . 43d . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 58a . . . . . . . 58b. . . . . . . 58c,d . . . . . 58e . . . . . . .
60 . . . . . . . .
69 . . . . . . . . 60 . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
48a.. . . . . 48b.. . . . . 48c,d.. . . 48e.. . . . . 49b. . . . . . 50. . . . . . . 51. . . . . . . 53. . . . . . . 54. . . . . . .
7 1 . . . . . . . . 55 . . . . . . . 72 . . . . . . . . 56 . . . . . . . 73 . . . . . . . . 57 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 60 . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 64 . . . . . . . 93a . . . . . . . 68a . . . . . .
1907
32c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38. . . . . . . 39a.. . . . .
39b.. . . . . 39c.. . . . . 40. . . . . . . 41. . . . . . . 42a.. . . . .
42d.. . . . . 43a.. . . . . 44a.. . . . . 44b.. . . . . 45a.. . . . . 45b.. . . . . 47. . . . . . . 48a.. . . . . 49a,b.. . . 49c.. . . . . 49d.. . . . .
51. . . . . . . 52a.. . . . . 52b.. . . . . 52c,d.. . . 52e.. . . . . 53b.. . . . . 54. . . . . . . 56. . . . . . . 57. . . . . . . 58. . . . . . .
59. . . . . . . 6 0 . . . . . . . 61. . . . . . . 6 2 . . . . . . . 63. . . . . . .
64. . . . . . . 68. . . . . . . 77a.. . . . .
93b . . . . . . . 68b 77b
. . . . . . . . . .
94 . . . . . . . . 70 . . . . . . . 79 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I2
1989
31c.. . . . . 35a,b.. . . 35c,d.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
37. . . . . . . 38. . . . . . . 46a.. . . . .
46c.. . . . . 48a.. . . . . 49a.. . . . . 49b.. . . . . 50a.. . . . . 50b.. . . . .
53a.. . . . . 55a,b., . . 55c.. . . . . 55d.. . . . .
59. . . . . . . 62a.. . . . . 62b.. . . . . 62c,d.. . . 62e.. . . . . 63b.. . . . . 64. . . . . . . 65.. . . . . . 67. . . . . . . 68. . . . . . .
69. . . . . . . 70. . . . . . . 71. . . . . . . 72. . . . . . . 73.. . . . . .
74. . . . . . . 78. . . . . . . 82a.. . . . .
82b.. . . . .
82c.. . . . .
A106/. . . . B125.. . . . 84. . . . . . . B85.. . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
1990
32b.. . . . . 33a,b.. . . 34a,b.. . .
46. . . . . . .
47. . . . . . . 48a.. . . . . 49. . . . . . . 50. . . . . . .
456.. . . . .
527. ......
53. . . . . . . 54. . . . . . . 55. . . . . . . 56. . . . . . . 57. . . . . . . 58, . . . . . . 68 . . . . . . . 70,71b.. . 72a,b.. . . 74. . . . . . . 75a.. . . . .
75b.. . . . . 78. . . . . . . 79. . . . . . . 80a,b.. . . 81. . . . . . . 82b.. . . . . 83. . . . . . . 84. . . . . . . 104.. . . . . 105.. . . . .
106.. . . . . 107.. . . . . 108., . . . . 109.. . . . . 110.. . . . .
111.. . . . . 112. , . , . . Ll13a/. . . Yl18a.. . . L113b/. . . Yl18b.. . . L114/. . . . Yl19.. . . . L115/. . . . n 2 0 . . . . . Ll16.. ... Ll17.. . . .
SURVEY YEAR
1986
B 7 2 a B72b
1983 1984
82a 77 82b 85 80 86 81
89a ,d 8 9 a , c
89b 90a
72a ,b
72c 73a ,b 73c 74a I b 74c ~ d
75a 75b 75c
61
62
63 97
65 66
68 70
7 1
1985
9 5 a , c
95b 96a 96b 96c. d
74
75
78a
78b
84 85 86 87
90
64b 6 5 a , c
B82 885
BE9 B90a. b
891
A9 2
A93/
A94/ 8109
B112
A104a. b
B l O O a B l O O b B l O l a , b B102
1987 1989
B86a B86b
A8 1 A8 5 A82
A88aI c A86a, c
A88b A86b A89a A87a A89b A87b A89c, d A87c, d
883
882 B85a,b B85d, e B85g,h
B86 A9 6
A97
A98/ B103 A103/
B106
A104/ 8107
69 70 7 1 7 2
74 B95a B95b B96a, b 897
896
B l O O
A98/ BllO
A99/ B l l l
A100/ B 1 1 2
A101/ B122
A102/ B123
79
1990
U18a U18b U19 u20/ Y115
U21a, c
U21b U22a-c U22d U23a.b U24a ,b
U25 L126a, b8 11278 L129a,b L130a, b
U 3 1 U32 1133 U43 U44
11459 U46a , b U46c, d U47a ,b 1148
L149lo U52/ Y144
u 5 3 / Y145
U54/ ~ ~ 4 6 1 1
u 5 5 / Y158
U56a,b/ Yl59a, b
n13 n14 n15 n16
y117 n21a n21b YL22a, b n 2 3
I 3
SURVEY YEAR
1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1989 1990
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B98a,b . . . . . . . . . . . . Yl24a,b..
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B107a.. . . B100a.. . . . . . . . . . . . Y12813.. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62a . . . . . . . B108a . . . . BlOla . . . . . . . . . . . . . n 2 9 . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76a . . . . . . . A94/ . . . . . A99/ . . . . . B113 . . . . . Yl47 . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8110 . . . . B104 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
64b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76b . . . . . . . A95 . . . . . . A100a . . . . 8114 . . . . . Yl48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 . . . . . . . . A96a/ .... Al02/ . . . . B115a n49a
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.. . . . . . B107b.. . . B100b.. . . . . . . . . . . . Y126'*.. .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . 8111.. . . 8105.. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A96b,c,d. . . . . . . . . . B115b,c,d n49b,c,d
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 . . . . . . . . A98 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B117 . . . . . M 5 1 . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82a . . . . . . . A99a . . . . . A100b . . . . B118b . . . . Y l 5 3 . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82b . . . . . . . A99b . . . . . A100c . . . . B118c . . . . n 5 4 . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A ~ O O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ 1 1 9 . . . . . n 5 5 . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ i o i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B ~ Z O n 5 6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ 1 0 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ i z i . . . . . n 5 7 . . . . .
87 . . . . . . . 82 . . . . . . . . 97b . . . . . . . A105b/ . . . A83a/ . . . . 900a . . . . . 900a . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97a . . . . . . . A105a/ . . . 900 . . . . . . 900b . . . . . 900b . . . . .
91 . . . . . . . 94 . . . . . . . . 98 . . . . . . . . A106/ . . . . 901 . . . . . . 901 . . . . . . 901 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902 . . . . . . 902 . . . . . . 902 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 . . . . . . . . A97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B116 . . . . . n 5 0 . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
B113b . . . B102 . . . . .
B113a.. .
B114.. . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99a-c . . . . . A107a-c/. 903a-c . . . 904a-c . . . 904a,c,e.
. . . . . . . . . 98a . . . . . . . 103 . . . . . . AllOa/ . . . 906a . . . . . 905b . . . . . 905b . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 98b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AllOb/ . . . 906b . . . . . 906d . . . . . 906b .....
93 . . . . . . . 96 . . . . . . . . 100 . . . . . . A108/ . . . . 904 . . . . . . 906 . . . . . . 907 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101a . . . . . A109a/ . . . 905a . . . . . 907a . . . . . 908a.b . . .
B115a-c.
B118a.. ,
B118b.. .
B116.. . .
B117a.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101b.. . . . A109b/. . . 905b.. . . . 907b.. . . . 909a,b1'.
B117b. . . 95a-d . . . . 99a-h . . . . . 107a-h . . . Allla-h/. 907a-h . . . 908a-h . . . 910a-h . . .
B119a-h. 96a,b . . . . 100a.b . . . . 108a,b . . . A112a,b/. 908a,b . . . 909a.b . . . 911a.b
B120a, b.
B120c. , .
B121a.. .
B121b. . .
96c . . . . . . 1OOc . . . . . . 108c . . . . . A112c/ . . . 905c . . . . . 907c . . . . . 912 . . . . . .
97.. . . . . . 101.. . . . . . 109a.. . . . A113a/.. . 909a.. . . . 910a.. . . . 913b15.. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109b . . . . . A113b/ . . . 909b . . . . . 910b . . . . . 913c . . . . .
I4
SLTRVEY YEAR
1984 1985 1986 1987
102a- 1 IlOa-i AllLa- i/ 910a- i 8122a-i
B124
B125
B126a, b
8127
105a, b A116/ 912
A117/ 913
103a,b llla,b A118a,b/ 914a,b
112 A119/ 915
104a 113a A120a/ 916a
104c 113c A120c/ 916c B128a
B128c
1983
98a-d
99a.b
lOla
l0lc
lOOa
24a,b
33c,d 33e
36b
105a 114
33c, d 33e 34 37b
39b 40b 41
40b, c 43b,c 42b 45b
46 44f-h 45 50
7 6b
56 65a,b 65c 6 6 73a
25c,d
26
28a,b
30a-c 31a,b 35a-c 41b 42
43b, c 49b 50 53e-g 54
55a 55b 56 57 59
61
91a
A121/ 917
A122a/ 918a B129
B130a 17a,b
28c, d 28e 29 31b 32b
33a-c 34b 42b 35
36b,c 43b, c 39b 48b 40 43e-g 44
49e 49f
49a
52 61 6 2 63 66a
53a
56 65 66 67 75a
1989
911a-i
913
914
918a,b
919
920a
920b
921
923a
17a,b
28c, d 28e 29 31b 32a,b
33a-c 34a, b 36a-c 46b 47
48b, c 53b 54 56b-d 57
58a 58b 60 61 63a
6 6 75 76 77 80a
1990
914a- i
916
917’6
918a, c17
919
920
921
922
923a
I5
SURVEY YEAR
1986 1987
66b.c . . . . . 75b,c . . . . 67a . . . . . . . 76a . . . . . . 67b . . . . . . . 76b . . . . . . 69 . . . . . . . . 78 . . . . . . . A89a-e . . . . . . . . . . . . . i-iv,vi,vii . . . . . . . . .
A90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 894 . . . . . . . 889 . . . . . . B95 . . . . . . . B90 . . . . . . B96 . . . . . . . B91 . . . . . . B97 . . . . . . . B92 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 27 . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 29 . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 28a . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 30a . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 34 . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . A80 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . A83 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . A84 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . A85 . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . A86 . . . . . .
A78b . . . . . . A87a . . . . . 883 . . . . . . . B80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881 . . . . . . B84a . . . . . . B82a . . . . . B84b . . . . . . B82b . . . . .
B92a,c,d.. B87a,b,c. 893 . . . . . . . B88a . . . . .
} }
1983
76c,d.. . . 77a.. . . . . 77b.. . . . . 94. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 3 . . . . . . . . 4 . . . . . . . . 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . 70a.. . . . . 1oc . . , . . , 10d.. . . . .
34. . . . . . . 40d,e.. . . 55. . . . . . . 69. . . . . . . 68. . . . . . . 92. . . . . . .
1984 1985
73b,c . . . . . 91b,c . . . . 74a . . . . . . . 92 . . . . . . . 74b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78a . . . . . . . 102 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
30.. . . . .
31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 36 . . . . . . .
79 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 88 . . . . . . . 6a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43d,e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1989 1990
80b,c . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81a . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A88a-e . . . . . . . . . . . . i-iv,vi,viii . . . . . . . . .
A96.. . . . . A92.. . . . . A93.. . . . . A94.. . . . . A95.. . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
.........
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
I6
B Self-completion questionnaire
1983 1984 1985
204 211 215a 215b
206
204
218
206
220v
202 203 204a1, ill 204bl1111 205a
206 208 209 2 2 1 222
225 226 227 228 229a,d
230a 230b-e 230f 230g
SURVEY YEAR
1986
B202
B203
8205
B209 B210 8211 B212a,d
B226a B226b-e B226f B226g
247 A223
232
245
246
B229a B229b
1987
A211 A212 A213 A214aI d
B207d
B207f A201a-1
A202
A215 A217
A223b
A223e
A2233
A223a
A232
A233
1989
B227 B228 B229 B230a,d
B209a
B209b A225a-1
A226
A220 A222 B222a B222b
A224 A20la-c
A201d
A201e
A201g
A2011
A202
A203a-e
1990
U10 U02 I.2031,11 L2041,ii U05
U06 1208 1209
U11
1212 1213 U14 U 1 5 U17a,c
1218a 1218b-e 1218f 1281g I220a-1/ Y201a-1 u21/ Y202
1222 U23 U24a 1224b
1225 L226a-c/ Y206a-c K26d/ Y206d 1226e/ Y206e 1226f/ Y206f
U 2 6 U Y206g U27/ Y207 U28a-e/ Y208a-e 1239/ Y226 1240/ Y227
L210’8
I7
SURVEY YEAR
1984 1985 1986 1987 1989 1990 1983
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
208a-f
209.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
210a-f.. . . . . . . . . . . 217m-o. . .
213a.. . . . 213b.. . . . 213c.. . . .
. . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B231ix . . . . A227a/ . . . B238a.. . .
B238b.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B231vi . . . . A227c/ . . .
B238c. . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B23liv . . . . A227d/ . . .
B238d.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B230d . . . . . A227e/ . . .
B238e.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B231i . . . . . A227f . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B232x . . . . . A227g . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A227h . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B232iii . . . A227i . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B231v . . . . . A227b/ . . .
A231a/. . . B231a.. .
A231b/. . . B231b.. .
A231c/. . . B231c.. .
A231d/. . . B231d.. . A231e/. . . B231e.. .
L241a/. . . Y228a.. . L241b/. . . Y228b. . . L241c/. . . Y228c. . , L24ld/. . . Y228d.. . L241e/. . . Y228e. . .
A231f/ . . . L242a/ ... B231f . . . Y228f . . .
A231g/ . . . L242b/ . . . B231g.. . Y228g A231h/. . . L242c/. . . B231h . . . Y228h . . . A231i/ . . . L242d/ . . . B231i . . . Y228i . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A227g . . . . A231j/ . . . B23ij
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B232iv . . . . A227k . . . . A231k/ B231k.. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A2271 . . . . A2311/ . . . B231e.. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B232v . . . . . A227m . . . . A231m/ . . . B231m.. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B232ix . . . . A227n . . . . A231n/ . . . B231n.. .
L242e/. . . Y228j.. . L262f/. . . Y228k.. . L242g/. . . Y2281. . . L262h/. . . Y228m.. . L242i/. . . Y228n.. .
220g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L243 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A203 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y203 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A204 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y2 0 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A205 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y205 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . no9 . . . . .
208a-f . . . . 237a-f . . . . B218a-f . . . B228a-f . . . B234a-f . . . Y2lOa-f.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B218g . . . . . B228g . . . . . B234g . . . . . Y21Og . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B234h,i . . . Y2lOh,i.. 209 . . . . . . . 238 . . . . . . . B219 . . . . . . 8229 . . . . . . B235 . . . . . . Y211 . . . . . 210 . . . . . . . 239 . . . . . . . 8220 . . . . . . B230a . . . . . B236a . . . . . Y212a . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 211a-f . . . . 211g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
217.
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 8223 . . . . . . B225a-f., . B225g . . . . .
B230b . . . . . B233 . . . . . . B235a-f.. . B235g . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 235a . . . . . . 235b . . . . . . 236 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A222j ,g.. . A218a . . . . . A218b . . . . . A219 . . . . . . A220 . . . . . .
A208a . . . . . A208b . . . . . A209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B236b . . . . . Y212b . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y213 . . . . . B239a-f,.. Y214a-f.. B239g . . . . . Y214g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Y217c-e.. . . . . . . . . . . Y222g,h.. B224a . . . . . Y223a . . . . B224b . . . . . Y223b . . . . B225 . . . . . . Y224 ..... B226 . . . . . . Y225 . . . . .
I8
1983 1984
205 205
1985
248
217xvi 234a 217XVil 234b 217XVill 220Vill 234c 217x1~ 2201x 234d 217xx 220x 234e
234f
2201v
216
219
220x1 22011
207
212a,b 212a,b
240 241 249ab 250ab
211 212 213
SURVEY YEAR
1986
A222bI c A22f-k
1987
A2233
A216
1989
A221 A223 A227b,c A227f-k
A207a A230a A207b A230b
B232vi A207c A230c B232vii A207d A230d
A207e A230e
A207f A230f A2270-s A2310-~/
B2310 - s B213 8216 A232 8214 B217 A233 B215a-h B218a-h A234a-h
82151 82181 A2341 8216 8219 A235
B227a-d A236a- d A224 A237 A238a- e A238a-e
B212f 8221 B222
242 244 208 8204
B217 210 8206 223 8207 224 8208 243a-c,e B230a-c,e
A206 8223 A214f B230f B231 B237 8232 8238
B240ab B241ab
A218 A219 A220 A221
A223d A223g A230 A231 8209
8220
1990
Y206f/ 1226f
19
NOTES TO THE CROSS-INDEX
These notes document changes made in the 1990 questionnaire to questions asked in previous years. For changes between 1984 and 1989, see the footnotes to the relevant tables in British Social Attitudes Cumulative Sourcebook, Gower (1991).
A. Interview questionnaire
1.
2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
6 .
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
1 2 .
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
B.
18.
Interviewer instruction changed to 'IF "ALLIANCE" PROBE: Liberal Democrat or SDP Owen?' with consequent change to (Social and) Liberal Democratatprecode 03. Precode 95 'Green Party/Ecology Party' added.
At Q.4a, 'EEC' changed to 'EC'.
Interviewer instruction and precode changed as in Note 1.
Precode 02 changed to I . . . Youth Training Scheme . , . ' .
New question on respondent's own definition of his/her job or 'full-time' or 'part-time' inserted before standard question on length of working week.
I . . . or computer network' added to precode 03.
New question added (see note 5)
Additional precode 4 : 'or not at all common', at these three questions
Q.145~ changed to I . . . the Liberal Democrats'. (New question added: g) on feelings in favour of or against the Green Party.)
'Rates' changed to 'level of poll tax' at precode 1 and to 'poll tax' at precodes 2 and 3 .
No interviewer instruction: 'Local authority includes GLC and London Residuary Body.'
List of environmental and countryside organisations expanded from four to eleven (see questionnaire for additions).
Precode 3 changed from 'Liberal' to '(Social and) Liberal Democrat'. 'Alliance' accepted as valid response only after probe. All precodes changed from single- to double-digit.
At Q.909b, precode 97 changed from 'Other' to 'Other recognised academic or vocational qualification'.
Precode 02 changed to I . . . Youth Training Scheme...'.
Precode 16 changed to 'Housing benefit (Community charge, rate or rent rebate) ' .
Three new income categories added (precodes 15, 16, 17) - see Appendix J for income bands used.
Self-completion questionnaire
At Q210 a and b, 'by legislation' changed to 'by law'.
I10
APPENDIX .I
Other survey documents
BRITISH SOCIAL. ATTITUDES
(1) Introductory letter to respondents
(2)
(3)
(4) Book information form
Self-completion questionnare reminder letters (3)
Project instructions and supplementary instructions
NORTHERN IRELAND SOCIAL. AlTITUDES
(1) Advance letter to respondents
(2) Introductory letter to respondents
(3)
(4) Project instructions
( 5 ) Book information form
Self-completion questionnaire reminder letters (2)
BRITISH SOCIAL ATTITUDES
and
NORTHERN IRELAND SOCIAL ATTITUDES
Income bands (from show card)
Britam 1983-87, 1989-90, Northern Ireland 1989-90
-S *, C PR"' .+
P 1090/GB
Spring 1990
BRITISH SOCIAL AlTITUDES 1990
3 5 NORTHAMPJON SQUARE
L O N W N ECIV OAX
TELEPHONE 01 2 5 0 1866
FAX 0 1 - 2 5 0 1 5 2 4
We are asking for your help in an important survey of social attitudes in Britain You may have read about he Social Attitudes study in the newspapers, or heard about it on the radio or television Its aim is to discover what people think and feel about all sorts of questions on whlch everyone has views For instance, we will ask what you think about the cost of living, the National Health Service, unemployment, working mothers, and the environment
The addresses we contact and the person to be interviewed are selected at random from the electoral register by statistical techniques, and the interviewer may not take substitutes It is important that we interview everyone we approach, not just those with strong views, the cooperation of every selected person is important
SCPR is an independent research institute registered as a charity, and all our interviewers carry an identity card they can show you As with all our surveys, the questionnaires are anonymous and no-one will be named or identifiable in any way The statistical results are published in a book, and the findings are also uaed by government departments, newspapers and some charitable foundations as a way of finding out how people really feel about important issues
The study is funded mainly by the Sainsbury Family Charitable Trusts, but also has support from the Nuffield Foundation, from government departments and from private industry
We hope you will take part in the study, and that you will enjoy the interview If you have any questions about the survey which the interviewer cannot answer, please contact me or my colleagues on the Social Attitudes team at the telephone number above
Thank you very much for your help
n /'
Roger Jowell Director
P.l090/REMI
SN:
BRITISH SOCIAL AlTITUDES
1990 STUDY
35 NORTHAMPTON SQUARE L O N D O N E C l V 0A.Y
TELEPHONE 01-250 1866
FAX dl-250 1524
Spring, 1990
Dear Sir or Madam,
Within the last month or so you very kindly agreed to be interviewed as part of our annual British Social Attitudes survey. At the same time we asked you to fill in a self-completion questionnaire and return it to us by post in a pre-paid envelope.
As we have not yet received the self-completion questionnaire from you, I wonder if I could ask you to spare a little more of your time? The self-completion questionnaire is an important part of the survey. It contains questions on some topics not covered in the main interview, and we hope you will find it interesting and enjoyable. And we need to get the views of everyone in our sample, not just those with strong opinions or particular viewpoints.
Thank you very much for your help, and for agreeing to the interview. I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours s y r e l y ,
Roger Jowell Director, SCPR
P.S. If this letter has crossed in the post with your completed questionnaire, please accept our thanks for sending it off and our apologies for writing to you again.
P 1090/REH2
SN
BRITISH SOCIAL AITIT[IDES
1990 STmY
35 N O R T H A M P T O N SQUAR€ L O N W N ECI V OAX
TLLEPHONE 01-250 1866 FAX 01-250 1524
Spring 1990
Dear Sir or Madam,
About two weeks ago we sent you a letter nbout the questionnaire that our interviewer left with you The self-completion questionnaire is a very important part of our annual British Social Attitudes survey on which you kindly agreed to be interviewed
As we have no record of having received your questionnaire, we are enclosing another copy, in case the first copy was mislaid, and a pre- paid envelope We hope you will find the questionnaire both interesting and enjoyable We need to hear from as many people as possible, so that the information we collect represents the views of a true cross-section of the British public
We do greatly appreciate your co-operation in this study, and hope you will find time to fill in the questionnaire and return it to us Without it an important part of the picture will be missing
Thank you again for all your help
Yours sincerely,
Roger Jowell Director. SCPR
P S If this letter has crossed in the post with your completed questionnaire, please accept our thanks for sending it off and forgive us for writing to you again
Enc
P. 109O/REM3 July/August 1990
SN:
35 NORTHAMPTON SQUARE
LONDON ECI V OAX
TELEPHONE 01-250 1866
FAX 01-250 1524
Frm 6th Mayq990 diaI071 imkadofO1
Dear
Thank you very much for agreeing to be interviewed on the British Social Attitudes Survey. contact to make sure that our survey accurately represents the views of people living in Britain, not just those who like surveys. will forgive me for troubling you again.
A short while ago we sent you a reminder about the self-completion questionnaire that our interviewer left with you. Our records show that we have still not received your self-completion questionnaire. Without it, we are missing vital information about your views on the important issues of today. We are keen to have a complete picture so that public confidence in our survey results remains high.
I am therefore enclosing another copy of the self-completion questionnaire, as well as another pre-paid envelope. in, and post it back to us, I would be very grateful. more than twenty minutes or so .
We are very grateful for the time that you have already given us, and hope you will help us to complete the picture.
Thank you again for all your help.
Yours sinc_erely,
We depend on the voluntary co-operation of the people we
So, I hope you
If you should have time to fill it It should not take
Roger Jowell Director, SGPR
P.S. If this letter has crossed in the post with your completed questionnaire, please accept my thanks and my apologies for writing to you again.
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BRITISH SOCIAL ATIITUDES: 1990 SURVEY
Project Instructions
Contents
Background
Notifying the police
The s w l e
Contact procedures
Introducing yourself
Questions you may be aslred
Haterials for the suxvey
Calls and Sample Selection Sheet (CASS)
Self-completion questionnaire
fie interviev questionnaire : general guidelines
The interview questionnaire . in detail
Look-up chart
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1. Backmound
In six out of the last seven years, Social and Community Planning Research has fielded a large national survey in Britain This series, called British Social Attitudes, has become one of SCPR's most well-publicised surveys and an important source of information about contemporary Britain
The British Social Attitudes survey is funded mainly by the Sainsbury Family Charitable Trusts
The study has three main outcomes
a) A book on the survey is published in autumn each year Thls Report, published by Gower, presents the main findings of the survey, and is importanc in keeping SCPR's name before a wide public audience The latest book was published in mid-November 1989 The findings are widely known and discussed on radio and TV programmes. in articles and features in newspapers and magazines
b) The data from the survey are deposited in the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Data Archive, and made available for analysis by the academic community. or any other interested data user
c) Various government departments get data from the survey in advance and use them in their policy planning
The British Social Attitudes survey is designed to measure contemporary social attitudes and how they change over time Such findings are of interest now, for instance, to government departments anxious to have more information about people's own assessments of, for example, their work or their housing circumstances But the data are also contributions to social history, to allow analysts in the future to discover what people thought and felt about the major social issues of today
As in earlier years there are two versions of the questionnaire - this year called L (Lavender) and Y (Yellow). Many of the questions will be asked of all respondents, but some - mostly -in the middle of each questionnaire - will be asked of only half our sample This means that we can cover more topic areas, and help meet the many requests ve have had CO include questions of interest to government departments and other bodies
Topics covered this year include some asked about in all previous years. others asked less often, and some questions on new topics As Ln previous years the Employment Department is helping to fund a set of questions (or module) about employment issues New funding jointly from the Economic and Social Research Counc~l (ESRC) and che Countryside Commission has enabled us to up-dare and expand our environment module This year, and again in 1992 or 1993, we are also fielding an expanded section on civil liberties. with help from a grant by the Nuffield Foundation For the first time the Department of Health is providing funding to enable us CO continue to ask questions about the National Health Service There is an entirely new sec of questions about attitudes tovards smoking, CO-funded by the Health Education Authority
This year's questionnaire includes questions on crime and the police, some of which are also being asked in Northern Ireland. By asking these and other questions in Britain and Northern Ireland, we shall be able to compare directly attitudes of UK citizens living on both sides of the Irish Sea. Funding for this extension of the British Social Attitudes survey to Northern Ireland comes from the Northern Ireland Office and from the Nuffield Foundation.
For the first time the Home Office is contributing funds to BSA, to ask these questions about crime and the police in Britain, and others on topics of relevance to the Home Office. Some of the crime questions were first asked in Britain in 1983, so this year's survey will enable us to look at trends in attitudes over seven years.
As in earlier years, there is a self-completion supplement for each respondent to fill in after the interview. It contains questions on topics covered in the main questionnaire. It also has some questions on the role of government in people's lives: these questions are being asked in eighr other European countries (including the Republic of Ireland) and also in the United States and Australia, as part of an international survey of social attitudes (ISSP).
The ESRC is providing general financial help to the series, and funds specifically for the ISSP module.
2 . Notifvine the Police
You must notify the local police station in the area where you will be working. You should complete a copy of the Police Notification Form that has been included in you supplies. This explains, among other things, how long you will be working in the area and how they can contact you; it includes a space for you to enter your car registration number. Attach a copy of the introductory letter for respondents to the form and hand it in to the police. (You might try to see if it is possible to record these details in the book kept at the station desk.) Make a note of the name of the officer to whom you speak and the date of your call so that, in the event of any query or complaint to the police, you are fully covered. It is reassuring for elderly or suspicious respondents to be told that the police know about you and the survey, and that they can check with the police station.
PLULSE DO NM START WORK UNTIL YOU HAVE DONE THIS.
3 . The S a m l e
The sample covers England, Wales and all but the highlands and islands of Scotland It consists of 4,576 addresses drawn from the Electoral Registers, compiled in October 1988 and in force until February 1989, distributed equally over 176 sampling points Sampling points are generally Polling Districts. although in some rural areas they may be groups of adjacent Polling Districts or Parishes At each address, you are asked to t ry to interview one randomly selected adult (aged 18+)
It is vital that the person chosen for interview at each address is selected by strict r a n d o m sampling principles. If we interviewed only those people who happened to be at home at the first call, or who were especially keen to be interviewed. our sample would almost certainly be unrepresentative of the adult population of Great Britain
Addresses are issued to interviewers in assignplents of 26 They are in the form of labels attached to a form called a Calls and Sample :election Sheet (CASS)
A full description of how to use the CASS and how to select respondents is given in Section 8 below
You must attempt CO make contact at every address,m your assigtment You must call on at least 4 occasions, at diffe;ent times of day and at suitably spaced times before you classify the address unproductive If necessary. at least one of these calls should be in the evening (after 6pm) and one at the weekend.
As always, it is very important that we achieve a high response rate in this survey Since most addresses will be highly clustered in Polling Districts, we are asking you to keep trying to contact all the issued addresses until the end of the fieldwork period Keep trying all non- contacts as long as you are calling in the area If you sense a respondent may be about to refuse, it often helps if,you withdraw, offering to call again at a more convenient time. before a formal refusal is actually given Only by interviewing as many as possible of tl-dse selected for the sample can we be confident that the answers we get are representative of the views of all people aged 18 and over
It is vital that we achieve a high response race Therefore we are asking you to
call your Field Office before you return any Calls and Sample Selection Sheets (CASSs) for mtraceable addresses to the office We might be able to find ou t some information which will help you locate 'hard to find' addresses,
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0 return all completed CASSs for other deadwood addresses (vacant premises, etc.) to rha Brentwood Field Office as soon as poss- ible. There should be little deadwood, and we would like to have these back in the first fortnight of the fieldwork period;
0 return a completed CASS for each definite refusal to the Brentwood Office as soon as possible;
keep trying to contact your ~ n - ~ ~ n t a ~ f b . broken appointments etc. unril the end of rhe fieldwork period, even if you have already made 4 calls. Then whenever you are in the neighbourhood rry again, unless you have learned that the selected respondent will not be available until afKer the end of the fieldwork period (due to holiday, illness etc.). Complete a CASS for any non- contacts and return Khem to the Brentwood Office with your final work.
You must never substitute one address for another. nor substitute one selected individual for another. The sample has been randomly selected, and any substitutions you make would lead to bias in the results.
The interview will last, on average, about one hour, though it will be slightly shorter for those not in paid work, and rather longer for women with young children. Older respondents, too, may take a little longer on average to answer the questionnaire. So please allow enough time between appointments.
5 . Introducine yourself
Remember to show your Identity Card when you introduce yourself. If you think it will help you to get an interview, you can give the person you first contact a copy of the introductory letter, or the newspaper leaflet describing the study or the SCPR leaflet, or all chree, as part of your introduction. You must leave a copy of the incroducrory letter and the SCPR leaflet with each respondent after the interview.
The best introducrion for interviewers to use is the one they feel most comfortable with. And it is vital to start at the beginning and explain the purpose of the survey to each person you see at an address; don’t assume a husband, wife or parent of the selected respondent has passed information on.
These are some of the kinds of things you might say when you introduce yourself and explain about rhe survey, adapring as you think best i n each situation.
“Good morning/afternoon/evening. My name is . . . . and I am doing a survey for Social and Communiry Planning Research, an independent social research institute. We are carrying out a survey to dis- cover what people nowadays think and feel about a wide range of important issues, such as the health service, unemployment, housing and crime. The survey results are published in a book which shows the views various people have about day-to-day issues.”
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At this point, you can show the introductory letter. or the leaflet about the survey, or both
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Q: How did you get my address?
A The addresses in the survey were selected from the Electoral Registers for this area These are publicly available From each Elec- toral Register a certain number of addresses were selected "at random" - such as taking every 50th or 60th address on the list Your address came up purely by chance - but once it comes up, I Cannot go to another address instead No one else can be interviewed This is how we make sure that we fairly represent the views of everyone in Britain
Q Bow do I h o w that h a t I tell you will be treated in confidence?
A SCPR makes all efforts to keep the information you give us confiden- tial Your rights as a respondent, and the way in which we honour those rights, are sec out in this leaflet about SCPR (SHOW AND HAND OVER) Also, SCPR is registered under the 1986 Data Protection Act
In addition, we do n o t have your name or address on this questionnarre At all times both will be kepc separate from the answers that you give us Your questionnaire is identified only by a serial number, f o r administrative purposes This means that no indlvidual can be linked t o answers he or she gives, and the survey itself is written up as StatlStiCal summaries only
Q: Uhy should I take part?
A Surveys are voluntary but it is very important that a true cross- section of the public takes part in studies like this one if we are to understand what people think about the social issues of the day This means that we want to know the views of everyone in our sample If a l o t of people refuse to take part rhen we CannOt be sure that our results really reflect the views of all people No special knowledge is needed, and we need to know the views of everyone, not JUSK those wich particular viewpoincs
Q: I ' m nor sure .
A Even if you're no t sure, do please let me start the interview and then see how you get along You can stop at any stage if you wish to
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Q: H w do I know you are a genuine researcher/research organisation
A: First, you have a letter from the research team at SCPR. The letter describes the survey and explains why your co-operation is important. There are telephone numbers at which you can contact the researchers at SCPR if you have any further questions to ask. Secondly, we are leaving a leaflet about SCPR, which is an independent non-profit making institute for survey research.
Q: What happens to the results?
A: The statistical results are published each year in a book, available in libraries and bookshops (AT THIS POINT YOU CAN SHOW THE COVER OF THE SPECIAL INTERNATIONAL REPORT). I can give you a form to fill in, so you will be notified when the book about this year‘s survey is published next year. Your local library will be able to get a copy. Each year there is lots of newspaper publicity when the book comes out, and the survey is widely agreed to be an impartial and fair account of what people think about important social issues.
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7 7. Mater- f or the survey
Calls and Sample Selection Sheets (CASS) (L and Y)
Calls Continuation Sheets
Introductory letters for respondents
Leaflets about SCPR
‘Newspaper’ leaflets about the survey
Cover of the Special International Report
Interview questionnaires (L and Y)
Set of show cards (L and Y)
L version: Cards A-H, J-T. V-2. AA-GG, Xl-X8 Y version: Cards A-H, J-T. V-2, AA-EE. X1-X8
Self-completion questionnaires (L and Y)
Project instruccions (this document)
Pre-paid A5 envelopes (for the return of the self- completion questionnaires bv resDondents in those cases where they cannot be picked up).
Appointment cards
Book notification forms
Pre-paid A4 envelopes (for the return of your work)
see Section 8
leave one with each respondent J!
use as necessary 1
use as necessary } - 6 -
You will also have your Field Admin Note and other Field documents and forms Please make sure you have adequate supplies of these materials before you start interviewing
X) 8. Calls and S
These are the forms on which your assignment of addresses is issued You vill have one for each address in your sample The CASSes are colour-coded: lavender for the L sample and yellow for the Y sauple. PLEASE ENSURE THAT YOU USE THE CORREm. HATCHING =ION of the ques- tionnaire, according to the address you covering.
Besides giving the selected address. the CASS has three other purposes
it provides space for you to give details of all the calls you make, and the outcomes
it allows you to select one adult at random for interview
and - in a case you do not achieve an interview - it enables you to give the reason and (where possible) collect a little inform- ation about the non-respondent
It vorks just like a normal questionnaire and you should follow the filter instructions in the normal way
You will see that the address, its serial number and other vital infor- mation are given on three separate labels on the first page of the CASS
the label at the f p ~ of the page contains the address serial number ( 4 digits plus a check letter). region number ( 2 diglts) and the area number (4 digits), plus a small look-up table to allow you to select a random adult at the address for interview
It looks like this
SN OOOlA R: 01 A: 0001 v-2
P/DU . 2 3 L 5 6 7 a 9 10
Select: 2 1 2 3 4 4 6 7 9
You will see char printed on this label is a code saying either V 1 or V 2 PLEASE IGNORE THIS The correct Version No (1 - Lavender, 2 - Yellow) is given to the right of the top label, and by the colour coding of the documents.
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the label on the at the of page 1 again contains the 3 address identification numbers at the top and gives the selected address (and the postcode if known).
0 the second, --hand. label at the bottom contains the of the electors shown in the Electoral Register as living at that address. (The label is large enough to fit only up to six names, so in the fairly rare cases where there are seven or more elec- tors, not all the names will be listed). The name of one elector is asterisked, to the of the name: this person is known as the 'starred elector'. Remember that this is not necessarily the name of the selected respondent. You always have to select a r a n d o m adult at each address.
Also on page 1, you will see that there is space for you to keep a note of the times, dates and results of all your calls. Please remember to fill this in at each separate visit: it will help you to plan any further visits you may have to make and helps other interviewers in case of reissues. If you make more than six calls, then please enter those on one of the Calls Continuation Sheets provided.
From here on, you fill in the CASS j u s t like a questionnaire.
Qs.1-5 deal with the address. If you find that the address contains two or more dwelling units (eg. flats, bedsitting rooms), Qs.4 and 5 take you through the steps necessary to select one at random, by listing them all in a systematic way and using the small look-up table on the top label on page 1 to choose one at which to seek an interview. This will, in fact, happen only very rarely. But remember it is exact address as given that counts. If the address on the label is 'Flat 4 , 12 London Road', it is that part of accommodation that is the sampled address, not the whole of no.12.
(In the very rare case of 11 or more dwelling units at an address, use the look-up chart at the back of these project instructions.)
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It is essential that - if you need to select a dvelling unit - you follov the rules in making this selection. Only in this way can ve be sure that we end up with a truly r a n d o m sample of accommodation units and adults living there.
A t 9 . 5 . write in the number of the selected dwelling unit. (the "DU" code). that is the number printed on the grid at Q . L - not the flat or room number of the unit itself.
Qr.6-9 help you to select the individual withi n the addr ess for inter- view. On each occasion when there is more than one person living at the address (or dwelling unit), you must list all adults living there in age order and use the small look-up table on the top label on page 1 to choose one for interview.
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AGE OF ADDLTS
I 44
PERSON NUUBER
I
41 I
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05
So t h e r e a r e & a d u l t s i n t h i s household Look a t t h e t o p label where you w i l l see something l i k e t h i s
6 10 S e l e c t . 2 1 '8: 4 9 PersonpU: 2
Read o f f the number p r i n t e d under '4' t h i s i s t h e person t o be i n c e r - viewed A t 0, w r i t e i n the person no t h a t i s p r i n t e d i n the g r i d a t Q 7 So i n the example, person no 2 ( t h e 41 year o l d ) has been s e l e c t e d , and you will Write '02' i n the boxes a t Q 8 Once a random s e l e c t i o n has been made, no substitute can be taken. even i f t h e r e i s someone e l s e l i v i n g t h e r e who is a v a i l a b l e and w i l l i n g t o be i n t e r - viewed
Please note t h r e e o t h e r po in t s
0 i f t h e r e a r e ( eg ) two 24 year o l d s , 1 i s K them i n o r d e r of whose b i r t h d a y i s f i r s t ( r e the o l d e r of t h e two) , o r use a l p h a b e t i c o r d e r o f f i r s c name CO decide the o r d e r , i f the exac t age is unknown.
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6 make sure that you write in their ages: this is part of the way that backchecks can be carried out in your work,
6 at Q.9 there is a misprint: 'ARF SLIP' should read 'CASS S L I P ' .
If there are 11 or more adults living at an address, use the look-up chart at the back of these instructions to select one at random for interview.
A useful tactic is to explain at the outset that you have CO ask a few questions beforehand to make sure you interview the 'right person' - to ensure that you get a true cross-section of views and give everyone an equal chance to be included. If you can make the person giving the information feel that he or she is helping - and know why it is necessary - you will find it easier to gain co-operation. We need the following information for each person successfully inter- viewed:
6 the name of the selected person, if you can obtain it. (You may only find out the name at the end of the interview.) Write this on the back of the address label slip at the bottom of page 2 of the CASS. (If someone refuses to give their name, write in 'Refused'.)
6 whether a full or partial interview was carried out - Q.10. (We define a 'partial' interview as one where half or more (35+ pages) of the questionnaire is filled in, the classification section (pp 59-72 in the L version, pp 63-76 in the Y version).
6 details about the self-completion questionnaire (Q.11) - see Section 9 following.
6 interview length (Q.12)
6 telephone number
Finally, for Droductive interviews, send the questionnaire to the Brentwood Office in a different A4 envelope from the one you use to return the CASS (see your Admin. note). If you are in the Northern Field Office region, do nor send any work to Darlington - all work goes to Brentwood.
Do not send any work back in the AS envelope, which in _onlv to be used for respondents who send back their own self-cotupletion questionnaires.
For all cases where you have achieved an interview, fill in Q.10 to tell US why; and, if you have managed to select a respondent but have not got an interview, fill in Qs.13a) and b) to tell us che sex and age of the selected respondent. Then return the CASS to the Brentwood Off ice.
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A few last points before we turn to the questionnaires
(i) Any responsible adult member of the household may provide the information that you need in order to establish who it is you are to interview But never take information from those aged under 18
(1.1) Note that you interview persons living at listed addresses There is case where you would follow anyone to a different address. although you could of course interview him or her some- where else (eg at work) No substitutes are permitted. so if the selected person is in hospital or away for the duration of the survey, OK too old or too ill to be interviewed. then no interview can take place
(ill) This survey is intended to cover only the population living in private households - not chose living in institutions But people can be living as private households within institutional premises Even if the address you have been given appears to be an institution, check that no one is living in a private household on those premises before abandoning the possibility of an intemiew there
There are two times when respondents may fill in the self-completion questionnaire
0 -L before you leave and while you are checking the first questionnaire Ideally, we would prefer LC to be filled in then
8 In the rewondent's ovn time. the inteniev In this case you will need either to call back to pick up the questionnaire, or to arrange for the respondent to post it back to Brentwood in the A5 prepaid addressed envelope you will have left for the purpose
Under no circumstances should you give the self-coopletion question- naire to the respondenr to fill in before the interview
In practice. you may find that some respondents regard the self- completion questionnaire as too long to complece immediacely after che interview This means chat you will have to leave the questionnaire with the respondent But in order thac our response rate on the self- completion questionnaire (which has been very good) does not go dovn. we would like you to cry to call back and pick it up as long as you are still working in the area This helps remind the respondent how important it is
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The rules for the self-completion questionnaire are:
1. You should write the Area Number, the respondent's Serial Number and your Interviewer Number in the boxes provided, before you hand over the questionnaire. Ye strongly advise you to enter the Area Number and your Interviewer Number on all quescionnaires before your first day in the field.
Without these i&ntifying numbers. the self-coupletion questionnaire c-t be used - and we will not knov vho r to pay! Please also write a code number in the 'Rec.' box on the front cover, as follows:
if you yourself are sending the self-completion questionnaire and the interview questionnaire back to the office together. (Also ring code '1' at Q.11 on the CASS, if you have not already returned it.)
if you yourself are sending back the self-completion questionnaire separately (after the main questionnaire). (Also ring code '2' at Q.ll on the CASS - if you have not already returned it.)
Leave the box if you leave the questionnaire with the respondent for him or her to return direct to the office. (Also ring code '3' at Q.ll on the CASS - if you have not already returned it.)
2 . If by any chance you have made a dstake . and for instance used an 'L' version questionnaire at an address with a 'Y'(el1ov) CASS. or rice-versa, try to rectify the mistake by leaving the 'correct' version of the self-completion questionnaire vhich does
match the interview version. The two L questionnaires and t v o Y questionnaires cover similar topics and the same version of both guestionnaires must be used for each resuondent.
If you leave the self-completion questionnaire at an address after the interview. leave it only with the selected respondent -the person you interviewed. The self-completion questionnaire (like the interview) may be filled in only by the selected respondenr. No substitute is acceptable.
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If the questionnaire cannot be completed by the end of the visit at which you carry out the interview, then please arrange to call back for it - provided you are still intervieving in that area (you could use one of your appointment cards to remind the respon- dent of vhen you are calling for the questionnaire) If this is not possible, you should leave the prepaid envelope we have pro- vided and ask the respondent to post the self-completion question- naire back to the office If you do this please remember to ring code '3' at Q 11 on the CASS. (We will then know whether or not to send out reminders t,o respondents vhose questionnaires have not arrived ) Always leave the envelope for respondents, and use the & envelopes yourself, as this gives us a final check as to - who actually returned the self-completion questionnaire
Never leave the respondenc in any doubt as to how he or she should return the questionnaire If you have arranged to call back for it. make sure that your respondent realises this and that you keep your appointment If you cannot arrange to call back, make sure that the respondent knows it is to be posted back, and stress the need for (decent) speed
If you do wait for the questionnaire or call to collect it later. please try to spend a minute checking through to see chat ic has all been filled in Any gaps can then be tactfully pointed out to the respondent and he or she should be asked to fill them in. even if it means writing in 'don't know' where appropriate
On rare occasions. it might be clear khat a willing respondent needs your help to complete the questionnaire. because of, say, poor eye-sight or illiteracy In such cases, treat the quesrion- naire as if it were an extension of the interview. and tick the boxes accordingly, vrth the respondent at your side
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D. 'Ih e Interview auestionnaire . ee neral v u idelineq
First, a feature of such a wide-ranging questionnaire may be that people are likely to be much more interested in some questions than in others The particular interviewing challenge posed is one of estab- lishing the right speed at which to p,rogress through the questrons Rushing the respondent clearly has to be avoided but an over-deliberate approach vould be equally wrong It may be that some respondents want to give a great deal of thought to some of the issues, but we are seeking to capture present attitudes, not to conduct a philosophical discussion or a political debate! If some respondents have no particular v1evpolnt on a toplc. or If they cannot answer the questlon as posed, it is acceptable to code or encer DK or an 'ocher answer'. and move on to the next quescion
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Second, throughout the questionnaire we will be using a number of general phrases that may cause the respondent to ask for further explanation. Examples might be:
"Britain's interests" 9.5
"Threat to world peace" 9.9
"Britain's general industrial performance" Q.15
In these and many similar case we do not wish to give the respondent any further explanation. The phrases used are intended as general ones. Simply read the question or statement out, and tell the respon- dent that he or she should answer in terms of whatever he or she under- stands by the phrase.
Third, at questions where a space has been provided for 'other' answers, they should be recorded verbatim. There is also a code that should be ringed when an 'other answer' is entered. Unless specifically stated, an 'other answer' coded should be ringed when one of the pre-coded answers cannot be ringed, after probing.
In the questions where there is no specific provision for 'other answers', none is anticipated, although should they occur, they should be entered somewhere near the question. But, as a general rule for questions in which no 'other answer' space is provided, first repeat the question with appropriate emphasis before accepting an 'other answers'. For example, in the question: Which of the phrases on this card is closest to your opinion about threats to world peace., you get the answer "Sometimes one, sometimes another". Before accepting this answer and entering it, the question should first be repeated with the emphasis: Which of the phrases is $loses€ to your opinion ..: You can also use phrases like 'Generally', 'In general'. etc. as probes, other- wise repeating the question wording exactly.
Fourth, the interview questionnaire is divided into several sections, each of which deals with a broadly defined group of subjects (see below for details). Respondents do not need to be made aware of the various sections of the questionnaire during the course of the interview; the questionnaire was designed to be administered as a single unit with a reasonably smooth transition between groups of questions and different topics.
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IAYOUT OF THE INTERVIEW QUESTIONHhIBE
S E m O N PAGES TopIcs
ONE 1 - 5 (include) nevspaper readership, relatlons with the EC and NATO, defence policy
TWO 6-36 Economic policy, employment, women and childcare
THREE 37-39 Government spending, the welfare state and the NHS
muR 40-45L Religlon, racial prejudice and sexual mores
FIVE 46L-48L Crime and the police
S I X 49L-53L Civil liberties
SEVD4 53L-56L Politics
EIGHT 57 - 58 Housing (short)
“E 59-72 Classification
SECKION
ONE
TWO
THREE
muR
FIVE
SIX
SEVEN
EIGHT
NINE
PAGES
1-5
6 - 3 6
37-39
4OY-41Y
42-43
44Y-48Y
49Y- 56Y
57-62Y
63-76
Y VERSION
TOPICS
(include) nevspaper readership. relatlons wlth the EC and NATO, defence policy
Economic policy, employment. women and childcare
Government spending. the velfare state and the NHS
Education
Religion and ethnic origin
Countryside and che enviromenc
Smoking and health
Housing (long)
Classification
If a respondent does break off the interview part way through (this happens very rarely), try to complete the classification section - the last fourteen pages of the questionnaire.
U. Ih e interview auestionnaire : in detail
Q.1
Q.2
Q.8
4.14
4 . 2 3
A single newspaper is the preferred answer at b). If the respondent maintains, in spite of probing, that he or she reads more than one daily morning paper equally frequently, do not code but write in the relevant papers under 'Other'.
Do not read out the party names here; the respondent should volunteer which party he or she supports.
At c) or d) mentions of 'Liberal Alliance' would be coded as Liberal; mentions of 'SDP or Social Democratic Alliance' would be coded as SDP. If the respondent simply says 'Alliance'. probe as directed before accepting this answer.
'Tory' should be coded as Conservative and 'Socialist' (unqualified) as Labour. All other descriptions of party should be written as 'Other Parry'. Other answers (such as "undecided") should be written in under 'other answer'. The code 10 (NONE) should be ringed as a possible response to c) or d).
Ask e) if party is coded at 9.2~) or d).
Do not read out the party names here as a running prompt; the respondent should volunteer which party, if any, if closest to his or her views on defence.
If the respondent says "Alliance", please probe: "Social and Liberal Democrats or SDP (hen)?" and code Alliance only if there is no alternative.
At a) we want to know which the government should give highest priority to; at b) we want to know which is of more concern to the respondent and his or her family.
The respondent may well choose several items on Card E showing various types of economic activity undertaken 'last week' ~
that is the seven days ending last Sunday. These should a l l be coded on Column 1. The highest on the list (the first that applies) or the one category, if chere is only one, then gets transferred to Column I1 (ECONOMIC POSITION). If you interview on a Sunday, the seven days are the ones ending the previous Sunday.
The ECONOMIC POSITION of the respondent determines which group of questions will be asked in the remainder of Section Two (ie up to 9.60).
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Those in paid work (Code 03) are asked
- (if employees) QS 24-50
- (if self-employed) Q 24. then Qs 51-68
Those in full-time education (01) are asked Q 69
Those on government training schemes (02) are asked Q 70
Those waiting to take up paid work (04) are asked Q 71
All the unemployed (05, 06, or 07) are asked Qs 72-75
Those permanently sick or disabled (08) are asked Q 76
Those wholly retired from work (09) are asked Qs 77-81
Those looking after the home (10) are asked Qs 82-102
Those doing something else (11) are asked Q 103
The following notes explain the items on CARD E at Q 23 a little more fully:
In full-tine education (not paid for by eqloyer. including on vacation)
All students. even those doing vacation Jobs during the last week, are to be coded in this category If the student is on vacation and vill continue to be a student only if he or she passes an exam, asswe that the exam vill be passed and still treat the respondent as an full-tlme education People on government training schemes (ET, YTS etc) are EXCLUDED from this category They should be counted as 5/02
A/01
B/02 On government trainink/eoployment scheme
People on government-sponsored training or employment schemes Schemes should be coded here They should be coded as ‘In paid work’ or ‘In full-rime educatlon’ (even if they are doing the educational part of the scheme)
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C / 0 3 In paid work for at least 10 hours in the week (or away temporarily from that work)
This category includes all types of paid work, whether for an employer, or on the respondent's own account as self-employed. It includes casual, part-time and temporary work provided that it amounts to at least 10 hours in the week.
Voluntary work. or work carried out where only expenses are reimbursed or work paid for in kind (eg. be receiving board and lodging only) where there is PO financial transaction, are EXCLUDED from this category. People temporarily away would include those who vere absent from work last week because of sickness or injury, holiday, compassionate leave, or maternity leave, provided that they have a job to go back to w i t h the same employer or as self-employed in the same field. It would also include people who were temporarily laid off, or on strike, or locked out, again provided that they have a job with the same employer to go back to, or to the same self- employed status eg. an actor 'resting' between jobs.
People whose contract of employment incorporates regular but intermittent work (eg. some staff in educational institutions, or professional sportsmen, whose wages are paid only during term time or in the season, and who therefore may not have worked last week) are included in this category.
The second four items listed on the card cover those members of the population who are about to start a j o b , or who are unemployed.
D/04 Waiting to take up paid work already accepted
This category covers people not in work last week but who have a definite agreement to start work on a set date. It does not include people who have been given a vague promise of a job if and when a vacancy occurs.
Unemployed and registered at a benefit office
This category covers those who are both unemployed and registered for benefit purposes. It does not cover those unemployed and registered only through the government employment service (eg. Jobcentre, local government careers offices).
Here, they must be unemployed and registered as unemployed for benefit purposes.
E/O5
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F/06 UnenpIoyed. not registered but actively looking for a job
This category includes all unemployed, not registered for benefit. but who are actively looking for a job This would include people seeking work through central or local government employment service (Jobcentres, local authority Careers Offices etc). people registered with private employment agencies, people answering advertisements for work, advertising for work or even people just actively looking around for opportunities
herployed. vanting a job but not actively looking for a job
Include here any unemployed (again not reglstered for benefit), but who are nor actively looking for a job at the moment People who, for instance, have given up looking f o r work in their area because it has a high unemployment race would be included here, or those who are ill and temporarily unable to look for work Respondents should normally be left to decide for themselves whether an illness in this case is temporary or not If in doubt, include it if it has lasted less than six months
G / O 7
The remaining three categories on the card cover those members of the population who are generally considered to be enconomically inactive
H/08 Permanently sick or disabled covers people out of vork and not seeking work because of permanent (or indefinite) sickness or disability People who have never worked because of disability are included Do not include retired people in poor health who would not be seeking work even if they were healthy In cases of doubt over whether an illness or disability is permanent, treat it as permanent if it has lasted continuously for six months or mre
J/O9 Eholly retired from vork covers people who have retired from their occupation at approximately the normal recirement age o r who have taken 'early reciremenc'. and are noc seeking further employment of any sort Retired people who are permanently sick or have become disabled still count as retired
Women who leave vork on marriage to become housewives o r to raise a family and tho have not worked for many years, should be classified as 'looking after the home' racher than as retired But it is difficult to define retirement exactly Apart from the proviso made about vomkn. the respondent's description from the card should generally be accepted.
K/10 Looking after the home covers anyone more or less wholly involved in domestic duties when classifying economic position There can be more than one person in a household in this category But at Q 21 we are concerned only with the respondent's position
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L/11 Doing something else is not on the showcard. It covers anyone who does nef fit into any of the ten categories on the card. But remember that people who are in any kind of paid work (including casual self-employed jobs) or more than 10 hours in the week should not be included here.
9.24 'Self-employed' refers to worK done on the person's own account, not being taxed through PAYE. Some self-employed persons will have their own businesses, some will simply be involved with casual or intermittent work. A person in a one- man business is not necessarily self-employed; if the business is a company, he or she may well be an employee of the company, drawing a salary and being taxed through PAYE.
Q.26 The number of hours worked per week excludes travel time, meal times and irregular overtime. If there are no regular hours in the normal job, then take the hours worked during the seven days ending last Sunday.
Q.27b At this question and elsewhere, the workplace is the estab- lishment at or from which the respondent works. This will ordinarily have a single address. The employer of the respon- dent may of course run several establishments but these are not being asked about. Several questions refer to the work- place so it must be clearly established at this question.
Q.30b) This is one of the few questions at which the respondent can give more than one answer. Please probe: 'Any other reasons' until the answer is 'no'.
Q.31a) Answers to this, and similar, questions can be recorded either in months or years. Accept and record whatever answer is given. You should round up the answers to the nearest whole month. Two weeks or over is the next highest month; under two weeks is the next lowest. Probe for best estimates in all cases, even if (as at 9.75) the situation is hypothetical.
Q.35 Note that you ask item i) of WOMEN ONLY; item j) of MEN ONLY; and item k) of BOTH. Do not forget to ask item k).
Q.36a) If the respondent's answers at Q.35a) (part-time working available gnd taken advantaee of) do not agree with the answer at Q.25 (working part-time by respondent's own definition), check hisher status: e.g. "Would you say you work full-time or part-time", then recode Q.25 or Q.35a) as appropriate and follow the filter-instructions at Q.36, Code 1 or Code 2.
Q. 39a) Q.61a) Probe: 'Any others' until 'no' and code all that apply. Q. 89a) Q.98
- 20 .
Q 41 Q 64 Q 91
Q 45ab) Q 68ab)
Q 52
qs55-58
Q 5 8
Q 81
Q 82b)
Q 83a) Q 84
Q 84
Q 85
Q 91-93
If 'NONE OF THESE' (code 97) under first choice, there will also be a code 97 (NONE OF THESE) in the left-hand column under 'Second Choice'
We are interested in the extent to which respondents are aware of, and use, comDu:er-based technology There i s an 'other' code if you need it
Again, the number of hours worked excludes meal times and irregular overtime
The questions are asked of all self-employed persons, about their main self-employed occupation "Business" may not always be the best or most appropriate description, and you may therefore need to explain thac the question refers to the paid work, whatever it is
Note that family members can be employee, BUT ONLY IF THEY RECEIVE A REGULAR WAGE OR SALARY Please check if unsure
If the respondent is not yet over 65 (men) or 60 (women) we want to know the age at which he or she has retired If the respondent then says that (s)he has never worked, (eg (s)he has interpreted 'retired from vork' as meaning simply 'retired') ring code 00 Do not recode any other data
Probe fully at this question
Full-time or part-tlme job refers to all paid work whether as an employee or self-employed Full-time is 30 hours o r more a week, part-time is 10-29 hours
Here we want to know if it is likely that the respondent will look for a paid job in the next 5 years - that is. if he or she sees it as likely thac they will attempt to (re-) enter the labour market in the next 5 years
Note that you ask lfem 1) of WOMEN ONLY, item J ) of MEN ONLY, and item k) of BOTH Do not forget to ask item k).
It i s important that respondents do feel thac we are Q 98-100 suggesting that they vork o u t z d e the home, we w l s h to
know only how they would arrange childcare if they work
Q 107 In most cases people will feel closer to one statement or the other In some cases, however, people may feel the two state- ments are related In these cases, record the answer under 'other' and ring code 7
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Qlllab) We are asking these questions about schemes (eg. BUPA and PPP) which provide for, and cover the cost of, private medical treatment and facilities. Do not include simple insurance schemes where the insured person receives a cash benefit when sick
AT THIS POINT THE QUESTIONNAIRE DIVIDES INTO THE L AND Y VFBSIONS
TEE NEXT FER PAGES OF THESE INSTRUCTIONS DEhz. FIRST UITH TEE 'L VERSION ONLY' QUESTIONS (Ll13a - Ll51); TIW WITH THE 'Y VERSION ONLY ' QUESTIONS.
THE IAST PART OF THIS SEmION COVERS THE CIASSIFXCATION QUESTIONS. HOST OF WHIM ARE ASKED OF ALL BESPONJENTS.
L
Q113ab)
Q. 115
Q.116a)
Q.118 Q.120
Q.119
THESE INSTRUCXIONS COVER THE 'L' VERSION L Please note that the first set of codes (02-07, 21-23, 2 7 , 08) all relate to different denominations of the Christian religion. Codes 09-1L relate to other (non-Christian) relig- ions. If none of the pre-coded categories exactly correspond with he respondent's religion, the answer should be written in as 'Other Protestant', 'Other Christian' or 'Other non- Christian' as appropriate.
We would like you to ask respondents which group they consider themselves as belonging to. Never query the answer the res- pondent gives at this question.
If the respondent says 'of other origin', ask him or her which, and write in the answer word-for-word.
In this question, by Asian we mean people from the Indian sub- continent. We have specified India and Pakistan as they main countries. However, we certainly do not wish to exclude people from Bangladesh, Sri Lanka or Asians from East Africa etc, should the respondent mention any of these countries or regions.
These are complicated questions. You may need to read them twice before respondents understand them. If a respondent answers "I'm against race discrimination" (rather than "I'm against & law against race discrimination"), re-read the question. If you still think the respondent has misunderstood and answered the question the wrong way round, write a note about it on the questionnaire.
Read 'Britain' or 'Scotland' as directed above the question.
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Q121-122 These three questions ask about attitudes to sexual matters It is particularly important here that you do not - even unwittingly - let respondents know (or guess) what your own views are
Q 122d) NOTE THAT THIS QUESTION IS NOT NUMBERED ON THE QUESTIONNAIRE Please write the d) in the margin so you do not forget to ask it'
After asking a)-c), ve vant to get a better idea of what respondent means by "homosexual" Note that we are using the words "gay" and "lesbian" in the questionnaire This has a caused any difficulty in the past, and we have always defined the words wherever they are used
Q 125 Stress 'in your area' at the question- and let the respondent decide what is or her area is
Q 131) 'Or someone you know' is in commas, but please read it out Q 132 ) each time you ask the question
Q 135 This is the start of a section dealing with matters like human rights, civil liberties. freedom of information and privacy In this section, as in others. 'don't know' answers are quite acceptable, indeed. it is important for us to know the propor- tions of people without knowledge of, or strong opinions about, these matters
Q 142 We want one ansvcr at this question If necessary repeat the question, emphasising 'closest'
Q 144 Some respondents may ask "Do you mean PR/proporrional representation^" You may reply "yes"
Q 145 Read out 'the Scottish Nationalist Party' only to respondents living in Scotland and 'Plaid Cymru' only to respondents living in Wales All respondents must be asked about the first four parties, and the seventh (the Green Party)
Q 148 We do not vant to give the respondent any explanation of the words "nationalisation" and "privatisation" If asked, please tell the respondent that he or she should answer in terms of what he or she understands by the words
Q 154 Tenure note that this question applies to the whole accommod- ation that the respondenr's household occupies. nor l u s t CO
the respondent's individual part of that accommodation. or to his or her relationship with the person(s) in the household vho is/are legally responsible for the accommodation
Ovn leasehold or freehold outright those whose accommodation is wholly owned, i e they are not buying on a mortgage or with a loan
23 -
Buying leasehold or freehold: those buying with a mortgage or loan, from a bank, insurance company, building society or other organisation. Also includes those buying as part of a co-ownership scheme, or those buying leasehold property when the lease is 21 years or more.
Rented property: includes leases of fewer than 21 years. The rent need not be paid by a household member: it could be paid by another member of the family (e.g. son on behalf of mother) or by income support: direct to the landlord.
4.155 Code from observation and check the selected code with the respondent.
Q.157 Stress I . . .in your area' when reading out the question - and let the respondent decide what his or her area is.
THF.SE INSTRUCTIONS CO- THF. 'Y' VERSION
Q.118a) Please note that the first set of codes (02-07, 21-23, 27, 08) all relate to different denominations of the Christian religion. Codes 09-14 relate to other (non-chrirtian) relig- ions. If none of the pre-coded categories exactly correspond with he respondent's religion, the answer should be written in as 'Other Protestant', 'Other Christian' or 'Other non- Christian' as appropriate.
We would like you to ask respondents which group they consider themselves as belonging to. Never query the answer the res- pondent gives at this question.
If the respondent says 'of other origin', ask him or hex which, and write in the answer word-for-word.
Q.120
Q.121 Card AA, which you use at both these questions, is reproduced at the bottom of page 4 4 Y , for your reference only.
4.125 Respondents should not feel that they to be concerned about any of these issues. Use the 'don't know' code as necessary.
Q.126 Probe 'any others' until the answer is 'no'; use the NONE OF THESE code as necessary.
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Q 127a) Use code 4 ('Does not apply to me') only if the action is physically impossible (e g the respondent does not own a car at ii) or ix) Do use it if the action is merely difficult - even if it is very difficult For instance. if there is no bottle bank near-by for recycling bottles. or if the respondent would have to buy a new car to use unleaded petrol. the answer shoula be 'Not at all', not 'Does not apply' If a respondent does not know, for instance, whether his wife buys toiletraes like soap which are not tested on animals, write in 'DK' You would only code 'Does not apply' if the respondent did not use toiletries at all
Q 127 For each activity that the respondent says he or she does 'nor at all' nowadays at a), ask b) about therr intentions over 'the next year or so'
Q 128 Do not read out the party names here as a running prompt, the respondent should volunteer which party, if any, if closest to his or her views on the environment
If the respondent says "Alliance" please probe "Social and Liberal Democrats or SDP (Owen)?" and code Alliance only if there is no alternative
Q 129 Code from observation and check the selected code with the respondent
Q 132a) We want to include anyone who smokes cigarettes at all, even if it is only a few cigarettes a week
Q 132b) Please let the respondents decide whether they smoked c) xec ularly. buc if they smoked even a few cigarettes a week d) regularly, chat would count as 'yes'
Q 133 Q 134 Probe for the at these questions and write the Q 135 number in the boxes provided Q 137
Q 138 Please do not lmply to respondents that they to try to give up smoking
Q 166 Tenure note that this question applies to the whole accolmnod- ation that the respondent's household occupies. not ~ u s t to the respondent's individual part of chat accommodation. or to his or her relationship with the person(s) in the household who is/are legally responsible for the accommodation
- 25 -
Dvn leasehold or freehold outright: those whose accommodation is wholly owned, ie. they are not buying on a mortgage or with a loan.
Buying leasehold or freehold: those buying with a mortgage or loan, from a bank, insurance company, building society or other organisation. Also includes those buying as part of a CO-ownership scheme, or those buying leasehold property when the lease is 21 years or more.
Rented property: includes leases of fewer than 21 years. The rent need not be paid by a household member: it could be paid by another member of the family (eg. son on behalf of mother) or by income support.
Q.149a) Note that 'local authority' at this question includes those who have bought from the local council, or the GLC, the London Residuary Body or New Town Development Corporations. That is, it includes anyone who has bought housing that was previously owned by a public-sector body. And the ownership relates to the accommodation as a whole - as owned by the person respons- ible for the mortgage - not to the respondent's owner- ship.
9.149~) If respondent lived in rented accommodation less than one year ago, write in ' 0 0 ' .
Q.156 Clearly the last item "at my age, I would not want to change" will not apply to many (younger) respondents and you will code it as such. But it must be read out to everyone. If necess- ary, you can explain afterwards that we have to include this reason for older people we interview.
Q.158 Code from observation and check the selected code with respondent.
Q.160 Stress 'in your area' when reading out the question, and let the respondent decide what his or her area is.
I L&Y ClASSIFICATION SECTION IS IDENTICAL ON BOTH VERSIONS
Q.900a) At this question we are asking about respondent's legal marital status; there is a separate code for 'living as married'. The question is designed as a normal READ OUT question; you should code the highest on the list which applies (PRIORITY CODE).
- 26 -
Q 900b) Before filling out the household grid, we ask you to find out how many people, INCLUDING the respondent. live as members of the household The basic definition of a household is that its members are resident at the selected address and share at least one meal a day or share the living accommodation For adults aged l8+, this should tie up with the number listed as being over 18 at the selection grid on the CASS If you see that it does not match the number given on the CASS, find out why (was the selection incorrect? or has someone moved in or out after the selection?) and write a note above the household grid or on the front cover of the questionnaire
Q 901 In the household composition grid. record the details required for every member of the respondent's household Start with the respondent, and then work down the columns of the grid, collecting information about each household member in turn At the end, check that the number of people for whom you have details in the grid equals the number given at Q 900
c) is not concerned with legal status 'Spouse/parmer' would include a person whom the respondent was living with as married 'Son/daughter' includes step-children, adopted and foster children
The chance of finding a household with more than 10 members is remote - but if you do, record the details of Khe 11th. 12rh etc member on a spare questionnaire and attach it to 'the household grid' page of questionnaire
Q 901d) Legal responsibility refers to any member of the household who - ovns the property or a share of it (ie has his or her
or
- rents the property solely or Jointly (ie has his or her
name on the deeds) -
name in che rent book)
has the accommodation by virtue of his or her own relationship to the owner (the owner not being a member of the household)
If any household member has legal responsibility for Khe accommodation ring code 1 €or them at Q 901d) Othervise. ring code 2 Do not leave any blanks.
Q 902 We simply want to know if the respondent has ever had any parental responsibility, even if no children currently live in the household
- 2 7 -
Q.905ab) Code as appropriate and specify the relationship to the Q.906ab) respondent of the person doing or sharing the duties; if
sharing, remember to specify whether the respondent is involved in the sharing. Always make sure the relationship to the respondent of the people involved is clear. This question is about who actually does the domestic duties and physical acts of carinp. It is not about financial responsibility.
Q.907
Q.908 Q.909
Q. 910
9.911
Q.913 4.914
Q.917
Q.918
This question ask about the respondent's age when he or she completed continuous full-time education.
The main types of exams and qualifications are included here. Code ALL that apply. We have split the qualifications into secondary school qualifications (at 9.908) and other qualific- ations (at Q.909). You should write in under 'other' any others that the respondents mentions, but we are interested only in educational or vocational exams and qualifications,
leisure activities, or St John's Ambulance. etc.
We wish to collect occupational details of almost all respon- dents, excluding only those who have had a job.
Ask everyone else about their current, future or last job, as directed. If the respondent has never worked, write in at a). Please probe fully for all relevant details: If any are missing, we may be unable to code occupation accurately.
At f), if the respondent is in any doubt about how to classify his or her employer's organisation, write in a description at 'other' code 07. The same applies at Q.914f).
The staff association referred to in these questions is an organisation of employees recognised, like a union, by manage- ment for the negotiation of pay and other conditions of emp- loyment. In certain professions (eg. banking) staff associations exist alongside or instead of trade unions.
We need to collect details of occupation for the respondent's spouse or partner. The same principles apply as to Q . 2 3 and 9.910.
If you are in any doubt about which benefit(s) the respondent has received, record his or her answer verbatim under 'other benefit(s) volunteered'. If none, remember to code NONE (code 21).
You should obtain the total income of the household from all sources before tax. Income includes not only earnings buc state benefits, occupational and other pensions, unearned income such as interest from savings, rent etc. For respon- dents in paid work in the last 7 days ( 9 . 2 3 ) you should also obtain his or her own earnings.
28 -
In each case - for both income and earnings - we want the figures before the deductions of income tax. national insur- ance and other deductions The questions refers to current level of income or earnings or, lf that is convenient, to the nearest tax or other period for which the respondents is able to answer
Q 920b) If the respondent gives a telephone number, record it at the bottom of page 2 of the CASS - on the tear-off slip But remember to sode the a uestion here too
Q 923a), Remember to code both parts of this question as appropriate. b) to let us know how the self-completion questionnaire is going
to be returned And remember to code the relevant quescions on the CASS
Q924b)- Code the time you finished the intervlew (using the 2h e) hour clock), how long the interview lasted (in minutes), your
interviewer number, and the dare
PIEASE -ER TO ENTEB THE AREA CODE. THE REswmm*s SEBIhL NUtlBER AND YOUR INTERVIEUER NO ON THE SELF-COMPLETION QUESTIONNAIRE BEFORE YOU G I V E IT TO THE RESPONDENT.
If you have any queries or problems, please do not hesitate to telephone Sharon Wltherspoon, or Lindsay Brook at SCPR (01- 250 1866) in London Sharon's home telephone number is 01-340 8374 - but she is away during the first three weeks of April
Good Luck!
INrERvIEuER:
PLEASE SORE THAT THE CASS IS COKPLETEIY FIILED IN,INCIDDING THE aEswmms' m.
FXKlRN THE COWLETED CASS TO THE BRENnOOD FIELD OFFICE ONLY. DO NOT CVT OFF THE ADDRESS S U P SEND THE CASS IN A SEPARATE QWELOPE. WITH THE QUESTIONNAIRE.
CHECK THE WIN QUESTIONNAIRE. AND THE SELF-COWLETION QUESTIONNAIRE (IF YOU HAVE COLLECTED IT).
DOUBLE CHECK THAT YOU HAVE FILLED IN ALL THE IDENTIFI?CATION MRZBERS. ESPECIALLY THE SERIAL NlJHEER AND YOUR INTERVI- mER
BEmRN BOTH QUESTIONNAIRES TO THE BREKNOOD FIELD OFFICE AS SOON AS YOU CAN.
MANK YOU FDR ALL YOUR HELP AND HARD VORR I I I
LOOK-UP C m
(For 10-100 Dwelling Units or 10-100 persons at one issued address)
I F THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
3 6
12 8
11 7 13
3 14
2 16 8
13 5
12 6 17 17
2 21 10 26
8 2 2
8 3
2 8 19 2 5 16 4 1 3 2
9 40 7
35 8
36 15 44 35
2 2 4 17 cl9 27 39
3 (continued 4 8 overleaf)
30 .
IF THERE ARE 60 61 62 63 64
IF THERE ARE 65 66 67 68 69
IF THERE ARE 70 71 72 73 74
IF THERE ARE 75 76 77 78 79
IF THERE ARE 80 81 82 83 84
IF THERE ARE 85 86 87 88 89
IF THERE ARE 90 91 92 93 94
IF THERE ARE 95 96 97 98 99
I F THERE ARE 100
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To All interviewers w r k i n g in Scotland on P.1090-- the 1990 British Social Attitudes Survey.
From The research team
23 March
Many of you asked at the briefing what you needed to do to cope with dwelling unit selections at tenements. You should follow this procedure:
First, check the labels on the front of the CASS. Check the exact address, the names of the electors.
a). If you have the names of electors, try to find the part of the building that the surnames refer to. If, for instance, the names were
"Ian Roxborough" "Margaret Roxborough"
then look for the part of the tenement occupied by the Roxboroughs. If you find it, then complete Q.3 on the CASS as if a $lwelli ng & only were present. You should & do this if a l l the named electors currently live or used to live in flat/dwelling unit within the tenement. This means the sampling office was successful in identifying a household. You then carry on with the individual selection as normal.
b) If you do not have the names of electors (the CASS label says "more than 6 electors, make a selection"), or if you cannot find the selected electors' household, or if you find that the listed electors live in two or more dwelling units, THW YOU HAVE M HAKE A DYELLING UNIT SEIECTION BEE(1BE YOU CAN UAKE AN INDIVIDUAL. SELECTION.
c ) project instructions if the tenement has 11 or more dwelling units
Finally, remember to use the look-up table in the back of the
I hope that clarifies things. You should find that in many cases you can proceed directly to an individual selection without have to make a dwelling unit selection. But remember to use the electors' names to help you locate the "exact address" we think we sampled.
Do feel free to telephone me if you have any questions,
To All interviewers working on P.1090- the 1990 British Social Attitudes Survey
From The research team
23 March 1990
As usual, a few further points have arisen from briefings, or from telephone calls. These are cases where we have made a mistake, or where there are minor inconsistencies in instructions. We do apologise!
1. You should detach your CASS slip from the CASS; ignore the instruction at the end of the questionnaire. CASSes are to be kept whole, and posted in a separate envelope from the questionnaire to which they relate.
2. On the CASS, at Q.7, you list respondents in age order, oldest to youngest (NOT youngest to oldest.) Follow the instruction on the CASS itself.
3. On the questionnaire:
BOTE VERSIONS
9.13 Note the typo: it should read "gone down", rather than "gone down. "
- Q.35k) This question does not work as gracefully as it might.
If someone d= have another arrangement for childcare, it will be straightforward, but if they do not, they may just answer "no". any arrangments which they would like, but do not have, to decide whether to code 1 or 2 . Otherwise, just write in NO on the lines provided.
If possible, probe to see if there are
Y(el1ow) VERSION ONLY
4.127 Please remember to go down, asking ALL the a) questions, and then remember t o ask the b) question about each item coded "3" at a.) Remember that you should use the "does not apply" category only when something is physically impossible. Finally, at item vi ("choose to eat less meat"), you should code 1 if the person is a vegetarian.
Do feel free to telephone Lindsay Brook or Sharon Witherspoon if you have any queries, or to telephone Sharon at home. Thank you again,
BRITISH SOCIAL A'ITITQDES 1990 SORVEY
TO ALL "JXRVIEVERS BRIEFING ZHMSELVES ON P.1090
FBOn THE PROJECT TEAM (ROGER JOUELL. SHARON UITHERSHXIN. LTNDSAY BROOK. BEIDGFX TAYIDR)
We will miss seeing you at briefings, but self-briefings for those who have worked on BSA before was one of the many suggestions you made last year listen to you'
You have been allowed one half-day for self-briefing, and you will want to read all these instructions carefully Even though you have worked on the survey before, there are many small changes which you will want to note
It is especially important that you note the following
We do
All your work is being returned to Brentwood. is located in Darlington, you should return your work to Brentwood way we can take advantage of computerised booking-in of your work
Return your CASSes (if productive) in a separate A4 envelope from the questionnaires, BUT W NOT REMOVE THE TEAR-OFF SLIP AT THE LWITOM That is done at the Brentwood office
You should use only the A4 envelopes for returning your own work, even If it is just a single self-completion questionnaire Only the respondent should use the A5 envelope to return the self-completion questionnaire, that way, we have a final check as to how it was actually returned
PLEASE MAKE SORE YOU WRITE THE SEXIAL NUKBW ON ALL QUESTIONNAIRES. INCIJJDING SELF-C(mpIElTON QUESTIONNAIRES
Even if your Field Controller This
Half of your assignment will be L(avendar) version addresses, and half will be Y(el1ow) version addresses The CASSes and questionnaires are colour- coded Please make sure you use the correct version of the questionnaire for each address, about this.
see page 12 of the project instructions for vital notes
Of course, you will need to read all the detailed instructions given for particular questions following questions
Both versions:
But pay careful attention to the instructions for the
Q 23-- for definitions of employment status Q 35 Q 36a
Q 118 Q 122d Q 145
Q 126 Q 127 Q 156
Q 901
'L' version only:
'Y' version only.
Both versions THANK YOU AND GOOD LUCK!
P. 1090 Spring 1990
BRITISH SOCIAL A7TITUDES 1990 SURVhY
BOOK INMREIATION FCRN
To: The Publications Officer SCPR 35 NoKthataptOn Square London EClV OAX
I took part in the British 5ocial Attitudes 1990 survey. I understand that you plan to publish a book about the survey in autumn 1991. Please send me a leaflet in 1991 which tells me when the book will be published, and how my local library or I might obtain a copy of the book.
My name and address are:
ADDRESS:
POSTCODE :
PLEASE NOTE: We will post the leaflets in autumn 1991, before publication day, when many national newspapers will be writing about the survey. If you give a copy of the leaflet to your local library, it may be able to obtain a copy of the book.
Please give this form t o the interviewer, or post it back whenever convenient to SCPR at the zddress above. Thank you again for your help.
Our Ref P 1135 February 1991
35 NORTHAMPTON 5QUAh€ LONDON € C I V OAX
TELEPHONE 01-250 1866
FAX 01-250 1524
From 61h May 1990 dud 071 tmfead of01
OR TFLEPHONE (0232) 761579
NORTHERN IRELAM) SOCIAL ATTITUDES
Dear Resident
You may have read about the Social Attitudes study in the newspapers, or heard about it on the radio or telewsion It is a wdely-reported annual survey whose findings are also used by government as a way of finding out about changmg public attitudes
The questionnaire covers a whole range of topics, from the National Health Semce to gwng to charities, from unemployment to the cost of liwng Each year we publish a book on the results No special knowledge IS needed to answer any of the questions All replies are treated in confidence and are never linked to names or addresses
Your address is one of about 1,500 selected at random from the ratings list of all addresses in Northern Ireland Within the next few weeks one of our intermewers wll call on you, show you an identlfication card, and ask you for your co-operation i n
choosing a person at random from your household to take part in the survey If you happen to be busy when the interwewer calls, he or she wll be happy to call again a t a more convenient time
We very much hope you wll take part in the survey, and are sure that you wll find i t
interesting and enjoyable
Yours sincerely,
Roger Jowell
Duector
P S We should be grateful if you would show this letter to other members of your household, in case you are out when we call
Our Ref. P.1135 FeblMarch 1991
NORTHERN IRELAND SOCIAL AlTITUDES
35 NORTHAMPTON SQUARE
LONDON ECIY OAX
TELEPHONE 01.250 1866
FAX 01-250 1524
From 6th May 1990 dial071 inrleado/01
We are asking for your help in an important survey of social attitudes in Northern Ireland. Its aim is to discover what people think and feel about all sorts of questions on which everyone has views. For instance, we will ask what you think about the National Health Service, unemployment, giving to charities and the cost of living.
The addresses we contact and the person to be interviewed are selected at random by statistical techniques, and the interviewer may not take substitutes. It is important that we interview everyone we approach, not just those with strong views; the co-operation of every selected person is important.
SCPR is an independent research institute registered as a charity. As with all our surveys, the questionnaires are anonymous and no-one will be named or identifiable in any way. The statistical results will be published in a book. A summary of the results is also given to various government departments, to newspapers and to some charitable foundations, to let them know how people really feel about important issues.
The study is funded mainly by the Sainsbury Family Charitable Trusts, but also has support from the Nuffield Foundation, from government departments and from private industry. Interviewers from the Policy Planning and Research Unit in Northern Ireland will carry out the survey and have an identity card they can show you.
We hope you will enjoy the interview, and that the survey will help lead to better understanding of the views of the people of Northern Ireland. Even if you are unsure about it, do please allow us to start the interview and see how you get along. If you have any questions about the survey which the interviewer cannot answer, please contact my colleagues on the Social Attitudes team at PPRU on (0232) 761579.
Thank y y n % ' y much for your help.
Roger Jowell
Director
Belfast Tel No (0232) 761579
Spring 1990 P 1090/REMl/NI
SN
NORTHERN IREIAND SOCIAZ. AnITUDES
1990 STmY
Dear Sir or Madam,
Within the last month or so you very kindly agreed to be interviewed as part of an important survey of social attitudes in Northern Ireland At the same time we asked you to fill in a self-completion questionnaire and return it to us by post in a pre-paid envelope
A s we have not yet received the self-completion questionnaire from you, I wonder if I could ask you t o spare a little more of your time? self-completion questionnaire is an important part of the survey contains questions on some topics not covered in the main interview, and we hope you will find it interesting and enjoyable the views of everyone in our sample, not just those with strong opinions or particular viewpoints
Thank you very much for your help, and for agreeing to the interview I look forward to hearing from you
Yours sincerely,
The It
We need to get
Roger Jowell Director, SCPR
PS If this letter has crossed in the post with your completed questionnaire, please accept our thanks for sending it off and our apologies for writing to you again
Belfast Tel. No. (0232) 761579
Spring 1990 P.l090/REMZ/NI
SN:
NORTHERN IREIAND SOCIAL AmITODES
1990 STUDY
Dear Sir or Madam,
About two weeks ago we sent you a letter about the questionnaire that our interviewer left with you. The self-completion questionnaire is a very important part of our Northern Ireland Social Attitudes survey on which you kindly agreed to be interviewed.
As we have no record of having received your questionnaire, we are enclosing another copy, in case the first copy was mislaid, and a pre- paid envelope. We hope you will find the questionnaire both interesting and enjoyable. possible, so that the information we collect represents the views of a true cross-section of the public in Northern Ireland.
We do greatly appreciate your co-operation in this study, and hope you will find time to fill in the questionnaire and return it to us. Without it an important part of the picture will be missing.
Thank you again for all your help.
Yours sincerely,
We need to hear from as many people as
Roger Jowell Director, SCPR
PS. If this letter has crossed in the post with your completed questionnaire, please accept our thanks for sending it off and forgive us for writing to you again.
Encl. /
P .1090/NI Spring 1990
8
9
10
11
12
NORTHERN IBEIAND SOCIAL ATTITUDES: 1990 SORVEY
Proiect Instructions
Contents
Page
Background 2
Notifying the police 3
The sample 3
Contact procedures 3
Suggested introduction 5
Questions you may be asked 5
Materials 7
Calls and Sample Selection Sheet 7
Self-completion questionnaire 11
The interview questionnaire general guidelmes 13
The interview questionnaire in detail 15
Look-up chart 25
1. Backeround
In six out of the last seven years, Social and Community Planning Research has fielded a large national survey in Britain. This series, called British Social Attitudes, has become one of SCPR's most well- publicised surveys and an important source of information about contem- porary Britain.
The study has three main outcomes:
a) A book on the survey is published in autumn each year. This Report, published by Gower, presents the main findings of the survey, and is important in keeping SCPR's name before a wide public audience. The latest book was published in mid-November 1989. The findings are widely known and discussed on radio and TV programmes, in articles and features in newspapers and magazines.
b) The data from the survey are deposited in the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) data archive, and made available for analysis by the academic community, or any other interested data user.
c) Various government departments get summary reports on the findings and use them in their policy planning.
The Social Attitudes survey is designed to measure contemporary social attitudes and how they change over time. Such findings are of interest now, for instance, to government departments anxious to have more information about people's own assessments of, for example, their work or their housing circumstances. But the data are also contributions to social history, to allow analysts in the future to discover what people thought and felt about the major social issues of today.
In 1988, the Nuffield Foundation, a charitable research body, agreed to fund the costs of extending the survey to Northern Ireland if the Policy Planning and Research Unit (PPRU) would contribute funds for the fieldwork. The first round of fieldwork took place in 1989, and this survey is the second of three funded by Nuffield and PPRU.
Some of the questions will be identical to those asked in Britain; others will be asked only in Northern Ireland. This year, there is a module, or group of questions, on crime, law and order and the police in Northern Ireland. In addition, some of the questions (on the role of government) will be asked in the Republic of Ireland, allowing for unique three-way comparisons of the views of people living in these three places.
Other topics covered this year include some asked about in all previous years - for example, unemployment, the National Health Service and welfare benefits - and others which are asked less often: for example, about civil liberties.
- 2 -
The British Social Attitudes survey is funded mainly by the Sainsbury Family Charitable Trusts, with contributions also from several govern- ment departments (Employment, Environment, Health and the Home Office), the Countryside Commission and the Health Education Authority
The costs of mounting the survey in Northern Ireland are coming partly from the Nuffield Foundation, and partly from PPRU You may find it useful to stress that SCPR is an independent non-profit making charit- able research institute, and that the Nuffield Foundation is contrib- uting funds and sitting on the advisory group is also funding the series of questions on civil libertarian issues )
As in earlier years, there is a self-completion supplement for each respondent to fill in after the interview It contains questions on topics covered in the main questionnaire It a l s o has some questions on the role of government in people’s lives asked in eight other European countries (includmg the Republic of Ireland) and also in the United States and Australia, as part of an international survey of social attitudes
(The Nuffield Foundation
these questions are being
2. Notifvine the Police
As on other surveys, you must notify the local police station in the area where you will be working Please use the normal procedures
3 . The Sample
The 1400 addresses in your sample have been drawn from the ratings lists which we have called a Calls and Sample Selection Sheet (CASS) The surname of the household living at each address when the lists were compiled is also given when it was available, but this is only to make contacting easier: in order to interview a representative cross-section of the adult population, you will need to list adults (aged 18+) at each sampled address and select one at random for interview The way to do this is described in Section E below
It is vital that the person chosen for interview at each address is selected by strict random sampling principles. If we interviewed only those people who happened to be at home at the first call, or who were especially keen to be interviewed, our sample would almost certainly be unrepresentative of the adult population of Northern Ireland
They are issued to you in the form of labels attached to a form
t
You must attempt to make contact at each address in your assignment You must call on at least 3 occasions, at different times of day and at suitably spaced times before you classify the address unproductive If necessary, at least one of these calls should be in the late afternoon or evening and one at the weekend
- 3 -
This year, as an experiment, a letter is being sent in advance of your visit, to half the sample addresses (those with an even-numbered serial number). Many interviewers thought that this would help gain people's co-operation, and research by PPRU has indicated that this may indeed be so. There is a copy of the letter among your materials, and you will need to show it to relevant respondents at the end of each interview, when we ask them what they thought of the letter.
As always, it is very important that we achieve a high response rate in this survey. Please keep trying to contact all the issued addresses until the end of the fieldwork period. Keep trying all non-contacts as long as you are calling in the area. If you sense a respondent may be about to refuse, it often helps if you withdraw, offering to call again at a more convenient time, before a formal refusal is actually given. Only by interviewing as many as possible of those selected for the sample can we be confident that the answers we get are representative of the views of all people aged 18 and over.
It is vital that ve achieve a high response rate. Therefore we are asking you to:
call the office before you return any Calls and Sample Selection Sheets (CASSs) for untraceable addresses to the office. PPRU might be able to find out some information which will help you locate 'hard to find' addresses;
return all completed CASSs for other deadwood addresses (vacant premises, etc.) to the office as soon as possible. There should be little deadwood, and we would like to have these back in the first fortnight of the field period;
return a completed CASS for each definite refusal to the office as soon as possible
keep trying to contact your non-contacts, broken appointments etc. until the end of the fieldwork period, even if you have made 3 calls. Then whenever you are in the neighbourhood try again, unless you heave learned that the selected respondent will not be available until after the end of the fieldwork (due to holiday, illness etc.). Complete the CASS for all your non- contacts and return them to the office with your final work.
You must never substitute one address for another, nor substitute one selected individual for another. The sample has been randomly selected, and any substitutions you make would lead to bias in the results.
Remember to show your Identity Card when you introduce yourself. It you think it will help you to get an interview, you can give the person you initially contact a copy of the introductory letter, or the newspaper leaflet describing the study or the SCPR leaflet, or all three, as part of your introduction. In any case, you must leave a copy of the intro- ductory letter and the SCPR leaflet with each respondent after the interview.
- L -
The interview will last, on average, about one hour, though it will be slightly shorter for those not in paid work Older respondents, too, may take a little longer on average to answer the questionnaire please allow enough time between appointments
So
5 . Sueeested Introduction
We have found that the best introduction for Interviewers to use is the one they feel most comfortable with beginning and explain the purpose of the survey to each person you see at an address, don't assume a husband, wife or parent of the selected respondent ha9 passed information on
These are some of the kinds of things you might say when you introduce yourself and explain about the survey We are not suggesting that you use this suggested introduction word-for-word it is for you to adapt as you think best in each situation
And it is vital to start at the
"Good morning/afternoon/evening My name is , and I am doing a survey for Social and Community Planning Research, an independent social research institute We are carrying out a survey to discover what people nowadays think and feel about a wide range of important issues, such as the health service, unemployment, housing and crime The survey results are published in a book which shows the views various people have about day-to-day issues "
At this point, you can show the introductory letter. or the leaflet about the survey, or both
6 . Ouestions YOU MY be asked
Q: How did you get ry address?
A The addresses in the survey were selected from lists of all addresses in Northern Ireland These are publicly available Then, a certain number of addresses were selected "at random" - such as taking every 50th or 60th address on the list Your address came up purely by chance - but once it comes up, I cannot go to another address instead No one else can be interviewed This is how we make sure that we fairly represent the views of everyone in Northern Ireland
Q : How do I know that what I tell you will be treated in confidence?
A SCPR makes all efforts to keep the information you give us confiden- tial Your rights as a respondent, and the way in which we honour those rights, are set out in this leaflet about SCPR (SHOW AND HAND OVER) Also, SCPR is registered under the 1984 Data Protection Act
In addition, we do not have your name or address on this questionnaire At all times both will be kept separate from the answers that you give
- 5
us. Your questionnaire is identified by a serial number, for adminis- trative purposes. answers he or she gives, and the survey itself is written up as statis- tical summaries only.
This means that no individual can be linked to
Q : Why should I take part?
A: Surveys are voluntary but it is very important that a true cross- section of the public takes part in studies like this one if we are to understand what people think about the social issues of the day. This means that we want to know the views of everyone in our sample. If a lot of people refuse to take part then we cannot be sure that our results really reflect the views of all people. No special knowledge is needed, and we need to know the views of everyone, not just those with particular viewpoints.
Q: I'm not sure _ _ _ A : Even if you're not sure, do please let me start the interview and then see how you get along. You can stop at any stage if you wish to.
Q: Hov do I $now you are a genuine researcher/research organisation
A: First, you have a letter from the research team at SCPR. The letter describes the survey and explains why your co-operation is important. There are telephone numbers at which you can contact local colleagues of SCPR at PPRU, as well as the head office in London, if you have any further questions to ask. Secondly, we are leaving a leaflet about SCPR, which is an independent non-profit making institute for survey research.
Q : What happens to the results?
A: The statistical results are published each year in a book, available in libraries and bookshops (AT THIS POINT YOU CAN SHOW THE COVER OF THE SPECIAL INTERNATIONAL REPORT). I can give you a form to fill in, so you will be notified when the book about this year's survey is published next year. Your local library will be able to get a copy. Each year there is lots of newspaper publicity when the book comes out, and the survey is widely agreed to be an impartial and fair account of what people think about important social issues.
- 6 -
7 Materials for the survey
1 Calls and Sample Selection Sheets (CASS)
2 Call Continuation Sheets (yellow)
3 Appointment cards
4 'Newspaper' leaflets about the survey
5 Cover of The Special International Report
6 Book notification forms
7 Introductory letters for respondents
see Section 8
see Section 8
8 Project instructions (this document)
9 Set of show cards (A-H, J-U, U - 2 , AA-HH, JJ-00)
10 Interview questionnaires
11 Self-completion questionnaires
12 Pre-paid A5 envelopes (for respondents to use in returning the self-completion questionnaires in those cases where they cannot be picked up)
13 Leaflets about SCPR
leave one with each respondent
leave one with each respondent
You will also have the usual PPRU field administration documents and forms These include prepaid A5 envelopes for returning the CASS slips and pay claims (to Hrs E Adams, PPRU) and prepaid A4 envelopes for returning CASSs and questionnaires (addressed to SCPR, PO Box 408, Belfast)
Please make sure you have adequate supplies of all these materials before you start interviewing
8. Calls and S m l e Selection Sheet (CASS)
These are the forms on which your assignment of addresses is issued You will have one for each address in your sample Besides giving the selected address, the CASS has three other purposes
0 it provides space for you to give details of all the calls you make, and the outcomes
0 it allows you to select one adult at random for interview
0 and - in a case you do not achieve an interview - it enables you to give the reason and (where possible) collect a little information about the non-respondent
It works just like a normal questionnaire and you should follow the filter instructions in the normal way.
You will see that the address, its serial number and other vital infor- mation are given on two separate labels on the first page of the CASS.
0 the label at the of the page contains the address serial number ( 4 digits plus a check letter), region number (always 12) and the area number ( 4 digits), plus a small look-up table to allow you to select a random adult at the address for interview (see below). number are written in the appropriate boxes on page 1.
Please also check that your name and interviewer
0 the label at the bottom of page 1 again contains the 3 address identification numbers, the selected address (and the postcode if known) and the name of the head of household given for that address on the ratings list (if known). Remember that this is not the name of the selected respondent. We have given it only because it may help at your first visit. You alwavs have to select a random adult at each address.
Also on page 1, you will see that there is space for you to keep a note of the times, dates and results of all your calls. Please remember to fill this in at each separate visit: it will help you to plan any further visits you may have to make. If you make more than six calls, then please enter those on one of the Calls Continuation Sheets provided.
From here on, you fill in the CASS just like a questionnaire.
Qs.1-5 deal with the address. If you find that the address contains two or more dwelling units (eg. flats, bedsitting rooms), Qs.4 and 5 take you through the steps necessary to select one at random, by listing them all in a systematic way and using the small look-up table on the top label on page 1 to choose one at which to seek an interview. Because the sample was drawn from ratings lists, this will happen only very rarely. But remember it is exact address that counts. If it is given on the address label as 'Flat 4 , 12 Belfast Road', it is that part of accommodation that is the sampled address, not the whole of no.12.
(In the very rare case of 11 or more dwelling units at an address, use the look-up chart at the back of these instructions).
It is essential that - if you need to select a dwelling unit - you follow the rules in making this selection. Only in this way can we be sure that we end up w i t h a truly r a n d o m siuple of accommodation units and adults living there.
41
2 2
At Q 5 , write in the number of the selected dwelling unit, (the "DU" code), that is the number printed on the grid at Q 4 - X t the flat or room number of the unit itself
Q s . 6 - 9 help you to select the for inter- view On each occasion when there is more than one person living at the address (or dwelllng unit), you must list all adults living there in age order and use the small look-up table on the top label on page 1 to choose one for Interview
w, all resident adults must be listed in age order, oldest to youngest Just write in the ages - not the names, in order to preserve confidentiality For example
@ 03
AGE OF ADULTS ml I 19 04 I
05
So there are 4 adults in this household Look at the bottom flap where you will see something like this
Person/DU 2 3 5 6 10 Select 2 1 6 3 4 9
Read off the number printed under ' 4 ' this is the person to be inter- viewed At Q8, write in the person no that is printed in the grid at Q 7 So in the example, person no 2 (the 41 year old) has been selected, and you will write '02' in the boxes at Q 8 Once a random selection has been made, no substitute can be taken, even if there is someone else living there who is available and willing to be inter- viewed
- 9
Please note two other points
0 if there are (eg.) two 44 year olds, list them in order of whose birthday is first (ie. the older of the two),
0 make sure that you write in their ages: this is part of the way that backchecks can be carried out in your work.
If there are 11 or more adults living at an address, use the look-up chart at the hack of these instructions to select one at random for interview.
A useful tactic is to explain at the outset that you have to ask a few questions beforehand to make sure you interview the 'right person' - to ensure that you get a true cross-section of views and give everyone an equal chance to be included. If you can make the person giving the information feel that he or she is helping - and know why it is necessary - you will find it easier to gain co-operation.
We need the following information for each person successfully interviewed:
0 the name of the selected person, if you can obtain it. Write this on the back of the address label slip at the bottom of page 2 of the CASS. (If someone refuses to give their name, write in 'Refused'. )
0 whether a full or partial interview was carried out - Q.10. (We define a 'partial' interview as one where half or more (21+) pages of the questionnaire were filled in, the classific- ation section (pp 4 4 - 5 7 ) .
0 details about the self-completion questionnaire (9.11) - see Section 9 following.
0 interview length (Q.12)
Finally, for productive interviews. detach the address label slip to safeguard the confidentiality of the information that the respondent has given us. It may help if you do this in the respondent's presence, so you can demonstrate how you can ensure that 'the answers are anonymous', and explain that the questionnaire is sent to the office in a different envelope from the form containing name and address. Send the CASS slip with your pay claims in the special A5 envelope marked "for the attention of Mrs.E.Adams". Do not send them to the PO Box. For productive interviews, you then send the rest of the CASS along with the questionnaire(s) together in the A4 envelope to the SCPR PO Box.
For all cases where you have not achieved an interview, return the entire CASS (with the slip still attached) to the PO Box. If you have managed to select a respondent but have not got an interview, then fill in Qs.13a) and b) to tell us the sex and age of the selected respon- dent.
- 10 -
A last few points before we turn to the questionnaires
(i) Any responsible adult member of the household may provide the information that you need in order to establish who it is you are to interview But never take information from those aged under 18
(11) Note that you interview g& persons living at listed addresses There is no case where you would follow anyone to a different address, although you could of course interview him or her some- where else (eg at work) No substitutes are permitted, so if the selected person is in hospital or away for the duration of the survey, or too old or too ill to be interviewed, then no inter- view can take place
(iii) This survey is intended to cover only the population living in private households - not those living in institutions But people can be living as private households within institutional premises Even if the address you have been given appears to be an institution, check that no one is living in a private house- hold on those premises before rejecting an interview there
9. The Self-comletion auestionnaire
There are two times when respondents may fill in the self-completion questionnaire
0 -a before you leave and while you are checking the first questionnaire Ideally, we would prefer it to be filled in then
0 Jn the resuondent's own time, after the interview In this case you will need either to call back to pick up the questionnaire. or to arrange for the respondent to post it back to the SCPR Box No , in the A5 prepaid addressed envelope you will have left for the purpose
Under no circumstances should you give the self-completion question- naire to the respondent to fill in before the interviev.
In practice, you may find that some respondents regard the self- completion questionnaire as too long to complete immediately after the interview This means that you will have to leave the questionnaire with the respondent But in order that our response rate on the self- completion questionnaire (which has been very good) does not 80 down, we would like you to try to call back and pick it'up as long as you are still working in the area important it is
This helps remind the respondent how
- 11
The rules for the self-completion questionnaire are:
1. You should write the Area Number, the respondent's Serial Number and your Interviewer Number in the boxes provided, before you hand over the questionnaire. We strongly advise you to enter the Area Number and your Interviewer Number on all questionnaires before your first day in the field.
I Without these identifying numbers, the self-completion questionnaire cannot be used. I Please also write a code number in the 'Rec.' box, as follows:
if you yourself are sending the self-completion questionnaire and the interview questionnaire back to the office together. Also ring code '1' at Q.ll on the CASS
121 if you yourself are sending back the self-completion questionnaire separately (after the main questionnaire) Also ring code '2' at Q.11 on the CASS.
Leave the box blank if you leave the questionnaire with the respondent for him or her to return direct to the office. Also ring code ' 3 ' at Q.11 on the CASS.
E l 2 . If you leave the self-completion questionnaire at an address
after the interview, leave it only with the selected respondent - the person you interviewed. (like the interview) may be filled in only by the selected respondent. No substitute is accepptable.
If the questionnaire cannot be completed by the end of the visit at which you carry out the interview, then please arrange to call back for it - provided you are still interviewing in that area (you could use one of your appointment cards to remind the res- pondent of when you are calling for the questionnaire). If this is not possible, you should leave the prepaid envelope we have provided and ask the respondent to post the self-completion questionnaire back to the office. If you do this please remember to ring code '3' at Q.11 on the CASS. (We will then know whether or not to send out reminders to respondents whose questionnaires have not arrived.)
Never leave the respondent in any doubt as to how he or she should return the questionnaire. If you have arranged to call back for it, make sure that your respondent realises this and that you keep your appointment. If you cannot arrange to call back, make sure that the respondent knows it is to be posted back, and stress the need for (decent) speed.
The self-completion questionnaire
3 .
4 .
- 12 -
5 If you do wait for the questionnaire or call to collect it later, please try to spend a minute checking through to see that it has all been filled in out to the respondent and he or she should be asked to fill them in, even if it means writing in 'don't know' where appropriate
6 On rare occasions, it might be clear that a willing respondent
Any gaps can then be tactfully pointed
needs your help to complete the questionnaire, because of, say, poor eye-sight or illiteracy In such cases, treat the question- naire as if it were an extension of the interview, and tick the boxes accordingly, with the respondent at your side
10. The Interview auestionnaire : general euidelines
First, a feature of such a wide-ranging questionnaire may be that people are likely to be much more interested in some questions than in others The particular interviewing challenge posed is one of establishing the right speed at which to progress through the questions over-deliberate approach would be equally wrong It may be that some respondents want to give a great deal of thought to some of the issues, but we are seeking to capture present attitudes, not to conduct a philosophical discussion or a political debate1 If some respondents have no particular viewpoint on a topic, or if they cannot answer the question as posed, it is acceptable to code or enter DK or an 'other answer', and move on to the next question
Second, throughout the questionnaire we will be using a number of general phrases that may cause the respondent to ask for further explanation Examples might be
Rushing the respondent clearly has to be avoided but an
"The UK's interests" 4 3
"Threat to world peace" 9 7
"The UK's general industrial performance" Q 1 3
In these and many similar case we do not wish to give the respondent any further explanation The phrases used are intended as general ones Simply read the question or statement out, and tell the respon- dent that he or she should answer in terms of whatever he or she under- stands by the phrase
Third, at questions where a space has been provided for 'other' answers, they should be recorded verbatim. There is also a code that shsuld be ringed when an 'other answer' is entered Unless specifically stated, an 'other answer' coded should be ringed Q& when one of the pre-coded answers cannot be ringed, after probing
- 1 3 -
In the questions where there is no specific provision for 'other answers', none is anticipated, although should they occur, they should be entered somewhere near the question. But, as a general rule for questions in which no 'other answer' space is provided, first repeat the question with appropriate emphasis before accepting an 'other answers'. For example, in the question: 'Which of the phrases on this card is closest to your opinion about threats to world peace', you get the answer "Sometimes one, sometimes another". Before accepting this answer and entering it, the question should first be repeated with the emphasis: Which of the phrases is closest to your opinion ..: You can also use phrases like 'Generally', .In general', etc. as probes, other- wise repeating the question wording exactly.
Fourth, the interview questionnaire is divided into several sections, each of which deals with a broadly defined group of subjects (see below for details). sections of the questionnaire during the course of the interview; the questionnaire was designed to be administered as a single unit with a reasonably smooth transition between groups of questions and different topics.
Respondents do not need to be made aware of the various
LAYOUT OF THE INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE
SECTION PAGES TOPICS
ONE 1 - 3 (include) newspaper readership, relations with the EEC and NATO, defence policy
TWO 4-11 Economic policy and employment
THREE 18 - 2 0 Government spending, the welfare state and the NHS
FOUR 2 1 - 2 3 Social class, religion, sexual relationships
FIVE 2 4 - 3 2 Crime and the police
SIX 3 3 - 3 1 Civil liberties
SEVEN 3 7 - 4 1 Countryside and the environment
EIGHT 4 2 - 4 3 Housing
NINE 4 4 - 5 7 Classification
If a respondent does break off the interview part way through (this happens very rarely), try to complete the classification section - the last fourteen pages of the questionnaire.
14 .
A single newspaper is the preferred answer at b) If the respon- dent maintains, in spite of probing, that he or she reads more than one daily morning paper equally frequently, do not code but write in the relevant papers under 'Other'
Do not read out the party names here as a running prompt, the respondent should volunteer which party, if any, if closest to his or her views on defence If the respondent says "Alliance" (and is not referring to the Northern Ireland party), please probe "Social and Liberal Democrats or SDP (Owen)?" and code (Mainland) Alliance only if there is no alternative
Write in N I political parties at 'Other' and code 7
At a) we want to know which the government should give highest priority to, at b) we want to know which is of pore concern to the respondent and his or her family
The respondent may well choose several items on Card E showing various types of economic activity undertaken 'last week' - that is the seven days ending last Sunday These should all be coded on Column I The highest on the list (the first that applies) or the one category, if there is only one, then gets transferred to Column I1 (ECONOMIC POSITION) If you interview on a Sunday, the seven days are the ones ending the previous Sunday
The ECONOMIC POSITION of the respondent determines which group of questions wlll be asked in the remainder of Section Two (ie up to Q 60)
Those in paid work (Code 03) are asked
- (if employees) Qs 22-33
- (if self-employed) Q 22. then Qs 34-41
Those in full-time education (01) are asked Q 42
Those on government training schemes (02) are asked Q 43
Those waiting to take up paid work (04 ) are asked Q 44
All the unemployed ( 0 5 , 06, or 0 7 ) are asked Qs 45-48
Those permanently sick or disabled ( 0 8 ) are asked Q 49
Those wholly retired from work ( 0 9 ) are asked Qs 5 0 - 5 4
Those looking after the home (10) are asked Qs 55-59
Those doing something else (11) are asked Q 60
- 15 -
The followine notes exolain the items on CARD E at 0 . 2 1 a little more fullv
A/01 In full-time education (not paid for by employer, including on vacation)
All students, even those doing vacation jobs during the last week, are to be coded in this category. If the student is on vacation and will continue to be a student only if he or she passes an exam, assume that the exam will be passed and still treat the respondent as in full-time education. People on government training schemes ( E T , etc) are EXCLUDED from this category. They should be counted as B/02.
B/02 On government training/employment scheme
People on government-sponsored training or employment schemes. Schemes should be coded here. They should not be coded as ’In paid work’ or ‘In full-time education‘ (even if they are doing the educational part of the scheme).
In paid work for at least 10 hours in the week (or away tempor- arily from that work)
This category includes all types of paid work, whether for an employer, or on the respondent’s own account as self-employed. It includes casual, part-time and temporary work provided that it amounts to at least 10 hours in the week.
Voluntary work, or work carried out where only expenses are reimbursed or work paid for in kind (eg. be receiving board and lodging only) where there is no financial transaction, are EXCLUDED from this category. include those who were absent from work last week because of sickness or injury, holiday, compassionate leave, or maternity leave, provided that they have a job to go back to with the same employer or as self-employed in the same field. It would also include people who were temporarily laid off, or on strike, or locked out, again provided that they have a job with the same employer to go back to, or to the same self-employed status eg. an actor ‘resting’ between jobs.
People whose contract of employment incorporates regular but intermittent work (eg. some staff in educational institutions, or professional sportsmen, whose wages are paid only during term time or in the season, and who therefore may not have worked last week) are included in this category.
C / 0 3
People temporarily away would
The second four items listed on the card cover those members of the population who are about to start a job, or who are unemployed.
- 16 -
D/04 Waiting to take up paid work already accepted
This category covers people not in work last week but who have a definite agreement to start work on a set date include people who have been given a vague promise of a Job if and when a vacancy occurs
Unenployed and registered at a benefit office
This category covers those who are both unemployed and registered for benefit purposes It does not cover those unemployed and registered only through the government employment service (eg Jobcentre, local government careers offices)
Here, they must be unemployed and registered as unemployed for benefit purposes
It does not
E/05
F/06 Unemployed, not registered but actively looking for a job
This category includes all unemployed, not registered for benefit, but who are actively looking for a j o b include people seeking work through central or local government employment service (Jobcentres, local authority Careers Offices etc), people registered with private employment agencies, people answering advertisements for work, advertising for work or even people Just actively looking around for opportunities
Unemployed. wanting a job but not actively looking for a job
Include here any unemployed (again not registered for benefit), but who are not actively looking for a job at the moment who, for instance. have given up looking for work in their area because it has a high unemployment rate would be included here, or those who are ill and temporarily unable to look for work Respondents should normally be left to decide for themselves whether an illness in this case is temporary or not If in doubt, include it if it has lasted less than six m o n t h s
This would
G/07
People
The remaining three categories on the card cover those members of the population who are generally considered to be encononically inactive.
H/08 Permanently sick or disabled covers people out of work and not seeking work because of permanent (or indefinite) sickness or disability People who have never worked because of disability are included Do not include retired people in poor health who would not be seeking work even if they were healthy In cases of doubt over whether an illness or disability is permanent, treat it as permanent if it has lasted continuously for six months or more
- 17
J/O9 Wholly retired from vork covers people who have retired from their occupation at approximately the normal retirement age or who have taken 'early retirement', and are not seeking further employment of any sort. or have become disabled still count as retired.
Women who leave work on marriage to become housewives or to raise a family and who have not worked for many years, should be classified as 'looking after the home' rather than as retired. But it is difficult to define retirement exactly. Apart f r o m the proviso made about women. the respondent's description from the card should generally be accepted.
Looking after the home covers anyone more or less wholly involved in domestic duties when classifying economic position. There can be more than one person in a household in this category. But at Q.21 we are concerned only with the respondent's position.
Doing something else is not on the showcard. who does not fit into any of the ten categories on the card. But remember that people who are in any kind of paid work (including casual self-employed jobs) or more than 10 hours in the week should not be included here.
'Self-employed' refers to work done on the person's own account, not being taxed through PAYE. have their own businesses, some will simply be involved with casual or intermittent work. A person in a one-man business is not necessarily self-employed; if the business is a company, he or she may well be an employee of the company, drawing a salary and being taxed through PAYE.
Retired people who are permanently sick
K/10
L/11 It covers anyone
Q.22 Some self-employed persons will
Q.24 The number of hours worked per week excludes travel time, meal times and irregular overtime. the normal job, then take the hours worked during the seven days ending last Sunday.
If there are no regular hours in
Q.25b At this question and elsewhere, the workplace is the estab- lishment at or from which the respondent works. ordinarily have a single address. dent may of course run several establishments but these are not being asked about. place so it must be clearly established at this question.
Q.29b) Answers to these five questions can be recorded either in Q.45a) Q.45b) Q.48a) You should round up the answers to the nearest whole month. Q.57b) Two weeks or over is the next highest month; under two weeks
This will The employer of the respon-
Several questions refer to the work-
months or years. Accept and record whatever answer is given.
is the next lowest.
Probe for best estimates in all cases, even if (as at Q.48a) the situation is hypothetical.
- 18 -
Q 35
9~39-41
Q 4 1
Q 54
9 57a) 9 59
Q 59
Q 64
Again, the number of hours worked excludes meal times and irregular overtime
The questions are asked of all self-employed persons, about their main Self-employed occupation "Business" may not always be the best or most appropriate description, and you may therefore need to explain that the question refers to the paid j o b , whatever it is
Not that family members can be employee, BUT ONLY IF THEY RECEIVE A REGULAR WAGE OR SALARY Please check if unsure
If the respondent is not yet over 65 (men) or 60 (women) we want to know the age at which he or she has retired If the respondent then says that (s)he has never worked, (eg (s)he has interpreted 'retired from work' as meaning slmply 'retired') ring code 00 Do not recode any other data
Full-time or part-time job refers to all paid work whether as an employee or self-employed Full-time is 30 hours or more a week, part-time i s 10-29 hours
Here we want to know if it is likely that the respondent will look for a paid job in the next 5 years - that is, if he or she sees it as likely that they will attempt to (re-) enter the labour market in the next 5 years
In most cases people vill feel closer to one statement or the other In some cases, however, people may feel the two state- ments are related In these cases, record the ansver under 'other' and ring code 7
Q 66a)b) We are asking these questions about schemes (eg BUPA and PPP) which provide for, and cover the cost of, private medical treatment and facilities Do not include simple insurance schemes where the insured person receives a cash benefit when sick
Q 70a)b) Please note that the first set of codes (02-07, 21-22, 27, 08) all relate to different denominations of the Christian religion Codes 09-14 relate to other (non-Christian) religions correspond with he respondent's religion, the answer should be written in as 'Other Protestant', 'Other Christian' or 'Other non-Christian' as appropriate
If none of the pre-coded categories exactly
Q 77a-c These three questions ask about attitudes to sexual matters It is particularly important here that you do not - even unwittingly - let respondents know (or guess) what your own views are
- 19 -
4.78
Q.84 Q.86
4.89
Q.90) 9.90)
Q. 97a) b)
This is the start of the module on crime and the police. It has been thoroughly piloted, and many revisions have been made as a result of what interviewers reported back after field- work. Responses to these questions will be extremely impor- tant to policy-makers in Northern Ireland. In general, respondents seemed to enjoy this section during the pilot.
Some of the questions ask about crime in general; some ask specifically about non-sectarian crime; and others about sectarian crime, to do directly with the Troubles. stage, the respondents' answers indicate that he or she is muddling the two, remind the respondent which type of crime you are asking about.
Ring one code only here. answers, repeat the question stressing 'most likely'.
Do not include random checks here (eg. roadblocks at which most or all cars are stopped).
'Or someone you know' is in brackets, but please read it out each time you ask the question.
You code one of the three security forces at a); and read out the other two at b) and code in the second column.
If 'none' at a) or 'don't know', skip b) and go to Q.98.
If at any
If the respondent gives two or more
Q.lOla), If (Mainland) Alliance is mentioned, please be sure to probe b), c)
Q.102
Q.109
Q.110
"Social and Liberal Democrat or SDP (Owen)?". respondent cannot choose between these two parties should you code (Mainland) Alliance.
'Tory' should be coded as Conservative and 'Socialist' (unqualified) as Labour. All other descriptions of party should be written as 'Other party' and coded 08. Other answers (such as "undecided") should be written in under 'Other answer', and coded 09.
This is the start of a section dealing with matters like human rights, civil liberties, freedom of information and privacy. In this section, as in others, 'don't know' answers are quite acceptable; indeed, it is important for us to know the propor- tions of people without knowledge of, or strong opinions about, these matters.
We want one answer at this question. question, emphasising 'closest'.
Section seven includes some questions about the countryside that have been asked in Britain in earlier years, and some new questions about the environment generally that are being asked in both Britain and Northern Ireland for the first time.
Only if the
If necessary repeat the
- 20 -
Q 110a), Card BB, which you use at both these questions, is reproduced b) at the bottom of page 3 7
Q 116b) For each activity that the respondent says he or she does 'not at all' nowadays at a), ask b) about their intentions over 'the next year or s o '
Q 117 Do not read out the party names here as a running prompt, the respondent should volunteer which party, if any, if closest to his or her views on the environment If the respondent says "Alliance" (and is not referring to the Northern Ireland party), please probe "Social and Liberal Democrats or SDP (Owen)?" and code (Mainland) Alliance only If there is no alternative
Q 121 Tenure note that this question applies to the whole accomod- ation that the respondent's household occupies, not ~ u s t to the respondent's individual part of that accommodation, or to his or her relationship with the person(s) in the household who is/are legally responsible for the accommodation Own leasehold or freehold outright those whose accommodation
is wholly owned, ie with a loan
they are not buying on a mortgage or
Buying leasehold or freehold those buying with a mortgage or loan, from a bank, insurance company, building society or other organisation Also includes those buying as part of a co-ownership scheme, or those buying leasehold property when the lease is 21 years or more
Rented property includes leases of fewer than 21 years The it could be rent need not be paid by a household member
paid by another member of the family (eg of mother) or by income support
son on behalf
Q 122 Code from observation and check with respondent
Q 900 Before filling out the household grid, we ask you to find out how many people, I N C L U D I N G the respondent, live as members of the household The basic definition of a household is that its members are resident at the selected address and share at least one meal a day or share the living accommodation
Q 901 In the household composition grid, record the details required for every member of the respondent's household Start with the respondent, and then work down the columns of the grid, collecting information about each household member in turn At the end, check that the number of people for whom you have details in the grid equals the number given at Q 900
c) is not concerned with legal status 'Spouse/partner' vould include a person whom the respondent was living with as married 'Son/daughter' includes step-children, adopted and foster children
- 21
The chance of finding a household with more than 10 members is remote - but if you do, record the details of the llth, 12th etc. member on a spare questionnaire, detach page 44, and attach it to page 44 of this questionnaire.
Legal responsibility refers to any member of the household who : - owns the property or a share of it (ie. has his or her
or - rents the property solely or jointly (ie. has his or her
or - has the accommodation by virtue of his or her own
Q.901d)
name on the deeds) -
name in the rent book) -
relationship to the owner (the owner not being a member of the household).
If any household member has legal responsibility for the accommodation ring code 1 for them at Q.901d). Otherwise, ring code 2 .
Q.903a/b Code as appropriate and specify the relationship to the Q. Q.904a/b respondent of the person doing or sharing the duties; if
sharing, remember to specify whether the respondent is
Q.905
Q. 906) Q. 907)
Q.908
Q.909
involved in the sharing. does the domestic duties and physical acts of caring. It is not about financial responsibility.
This question ask about the respondent's age when he or she completed continuous full-time education.
The main types of exams and qualifications are included here. Code ALL that apply. You should write in under 'other' any that the respondents mentions, that are not on the list, but we are interested only in educational or vocational exams and qualifications, not leisure activities, St John's Ambulance, etc.
We wish to collect occupational details of almost all respon- dents, excluding only those who have never had a job.
Ask everyone else about their current, future or last job, as directed. If the respondent has never worked, write in at a). Please probe fully for all relevant details: If any are missing, we may be unable to code occupation accurately.
At f), if the respondent is in any doubt about how to classify his or her employer's organisation, write in a description at 'other' code 07. The same applies at Q.912f).
The staff association referred to in these questions is an
This question is about who actually
- 22 -
Q 910 organisation of employees recognised, like a union, by manage- ment for the negotiation of pay and other conditions of employment In certain professions (eg banking) staff associations exist alongside or instead of trade unions
Q 911 We need to collect details of occupation for the respondent's spouse or partner Q 908
The same principles apply as to Q 21 and
Q 915 If you are in any doubt about which benefit(s) the respondent has received, record his or her answer verbatim under 'other benefit(s) volunteered'
Q 918 You should obtain the total income of the household from all sources before tax Income includes not only earnings but state benefits, occupational and other pensions, unearned income such as interest from savings, rent etc For respon- dents in paid work in the last 7 days (Q 21) you should also obtain his or her ovn earnings
In each case - for both income and earnings - we want the figures before the deductions of income tax, national insur- ance and other deductions The questions refers to current level of income or earnings or, if that is convenient, to the nearest tax or other period for which the respondents is able to answer
Q 920 Do not ask for the respondent's telephone number, and do not record it if volunteered We simply want to know if respon- dents have a telephone
Q 922a), Remember to code both parts of this question as appropriate,
to be returned And remember to code the relevant questions on the CASS
b) to let us know how the self-completion questionnaire is going
FINALLY Code the time you finished the interview (using the 24 hour clock), how long the interview lasted (in minutes), your interviewer number, and the date
_ ._ AND PLEASE -ER TO ENTER THE AREA CODE, THE
SELF-COKPLElTON QUESTIONNAIRE BEFORE YOU GIVE IT TO THE msmmmrs SERIAL =ER AND YOUR INTERVIEWER m m ON THE w m m m
If you have any queries or problems, please do not hesitate to telephone first. PPRU, and then if necessary, they will pass you on to Sharon Witherspoon or Lindsay Brook at SCPR (01-250 1866) in London Sharon's home telephone number is 01-340 8374
Good Luck!
- 23 -
INTERVIEVEB:
Please remember to return to the office, along with the completed INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE:
o the Calls and Sanple Selection Sheet (CASS) with the s l ip detached (use the A5 enveloped)
o and. if possible, the completed SELF-COHPUTION QUESTIONNAIRE, with a l l the identifying numbers f i l l ed in (use the A4 envelope)
Thank you for a l l your help and hard work
- 24 .
LOOK-UP CHART
(For 10-100 Dwelling Units or 10-100 persons at one issued address)
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
I F THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
3 6
1 2 8
11 7
1 3 3
14 2
1 4 8
13 5
1 2 6
17 17
2 2 1 10 26
8 22
8 3
28 19 25 16 4 1 32
9 40
7 35
8 36 1 5 44 35
2 24 17 49 27 39
3 (continued 48 overleaf)
25 .
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
IF THERE ARE
60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 7 1 72 73 7 4 75 76 77 7 8 79 80 8 1 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 9 1 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
LOO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
HOUSEHOLDS SELECT NUMBER
35 22 10 51 37 64 65 66 28 45 53 25 48 50 39 5 1 11 1 2 74 42
9 33 5 1 69 78 53 1 9 66 23 17 1 9 4 0 11 35 12 4 1
3 10 25 61 99
- 26 -
P . logo Spring 1990
NORTIERN IReLAND SOCIAL ATTITUDES 1990 SURVEY
BOOK INFORHATION POW
To: Publications Officer SCPB 35 Northampton Square London EClV OAX
I took p a r t i n t h e Nor the rn I r e l a n d S o c i a l A t t i t u d e s 1990 s u r v e y I unde r s t and t h a t you p l a n t o p u b l i s h a book abou t t h e su rvey i n autumn 1991 P l e a s e send m e a l e a f l e t t h e n which t e l l s m e when t h e book w i l l be p u b l i s h e d and how my l o c a l l i b r a r y o r I might o b t a i n a copy of the book
My name and a d d r e s s a r e
NAm3:
ADDBESS:
POSTCODE :
PLEASE NOTE We hope t o p o s t l e a f l e t s i n autumn 1991, b e f o r e p u b l i c a t i o n day , when many n a t i o n a l newspapers w i l l be w r i t i n g abou t t h e su rvey I f you g i v e a copy of t h e l e a f l e t t o your l o c a l l i b r a r y , i t may be a b l e t o o b t a i n a copy o f t h e book
Phase give this form to the intemiemr, or post it back whenever conmient to SCPR at the address above.
Income bands for gross household income and gross personal income, 1983-90
GB Q.918 a and c NI Q.918 a and c
Code
01 02 03 04
05 06 07 08
09 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17
Letter on card
X P Q R
T S 0 K
L B z M
F J D H C
1983, 1984 and 1985 (GB on ly )
Less than f2,000 f2,000 - f2,999 f3,000 - f3,999 f4,000 - f4,999 f5,000 - f5,999 f6,000 - f6,999 f7,000 - f7,999 f8,000 - f9,999 f10,000 - f11,999 f12,OOO - f14,999 f15.000 or more
1986 and 1987 (GB only)
Less than f2,000 f2,000 - f2,999 f4,000 - f4,999 f3,000 - f3,999
f5,000 - f5,999 f6,000 - f6,999 f7,000 - f7,999 f8,000 - f9,999 f10,000 - f11,999 f12,000 - f14,999 f15,000 - f17,999 f18,000 - f19,999 f20,000 or more
1989 (GB and NI)
Less than f2,000 f2,000 - f2,999 f3,000 - f3,999 f4,000 - f4,999 f5,000 - f5,999 f6,000 - f6,999 f7,000 - f7,999 f8,000 - f9,999 f10,000 - f11,999 f12,000 - f14,999 f15,000 - f17,999 f18,000 - f19,999
f20,000 - f22,999 f23,000 or more
1990 (GB and NI)
f2,000 - f2,999 f3,000 - f3,999 f4,000 - f4,999 f5,000 - f5,999 f6,000 - f6,999 €8,000 - f9,999 f7,000 - f7,999
f10,000 - f11,999 f12,000 - f14,999 f15,000 - f17,999 f18,000 - f19,999 f20,000 - f22,999 f23,000 - f25,999 f26,000 - f28,999 f29,000 - f31,999 f32,000 or more
APPENDIX K
Contents of the annual B a s h Soclol Ailkudes Repod4 1984-91
\
Con tents
British Social Attitudes
E84 report
rORCWORD by Sir Claur Moscr
CIIAPTER I INTRODUCING TllE SURVEY by Rogcr Jowcll
Tlic planncd scrics Dcficicncicr in social rcporling Can social al l i t i i i lcs be mcasiircd' Tlic Clapliam oiniilbur iallrcy Acknowlcdgcnicnlr Rtftrencca
L ,? ,, ..!G
Cl lArTER 2 f O L I T I C A ~ A T T I T ~ D E S by Ken Yoiiiig Pasty idcnlificalion and parllsmsliip
Paiirmi or Idmilfirrllon , _. r ~ t i i t ~ ~ ~ h l p and iltc party i ynrm
rol i l ical rcprcscnlalion rol i l ical eilicacy and prolcsl
roilid t r r (cpcy and KIIVISITI
Observance of ihr Iir Pol i l ical lolcraiicc Ilrilniii'r inslilulions I: x PCClJ I ion5 Ilritain aiid l l i c world ~e{erences Acknowledgemcnlr Tahles 12 I 2 10)
I 1 3 5 8 9
10
I I 12 I2 15 18 20 20 26 27 28 31 32 37 37 38
CllAPTER 3 ECONOMIC POLICY AND EXPECTATIONS by Anlliony llarriron
Ccononiic cxpcclalionr unrmploynlcni and Inflailon Indarirlal performinre
lnc0mr I e w h Mmna~maeni and unlons
Individual ccononiic circiimslanccr
Caurcr of econoniic psoblcmr Ccononiic policics
WISCI and pilcci roiiciol rot ~ C O ~ O ~ B I C ~ ~ C O W Y
Siiir ownriihlp Income dliirlbuiion
~trerrrmcts Acknowled~Nnenfs Tables (3 I 3 91
CI IAPlTR 4 SOCIAL POLICY AND TA[: WELFARE STATE by Nick Dorinqucl
Prcvioiir SUNCYS
Public spending and laxalion Socid spendlng Take up and level of brnrflii
The Nalional I lca l l l i SCNICC Llliiacllon WIIII ihr NllS Pilvrio mrdiclnc
All i luder 10 lioiising All i l i idcr 10 povcrly Images oi Ihc wcllarc slate Relcrcnccs Arknowledpnmfs Tobles ( 4 I 4 8 )
CllAPTCR 5 EDUCATIONAL ISSUCS AND PRIORITIES by l l a ~ ~ y Coldrlcin
r w l o u s SUNCYS
SIINCYS in olhcr counlricr Tlic findings
RIrourcc llloclllo"
Slrle and prlrilc icliools Lducilionrl slrndrrdi Publlcillan of cimnlnillon resuI11 Opporlunlllo ior higlm sdiicilion Provlslan Tor cul luial dlveirliy In ichooli
rlciorl in improvina sc~tOO~l
R+rmcer Acknoivlrdgemen 11 TablcJ (5 I 5 9 )
4 1
49 49 54 5 5 5 5 56 58 60 60 61 62 63 64 64 65
7 5 76 7 1 19 E l 83 85 87 8 9 92 9 4 96 97 9 8
105
106 107 107 101 108 109 110 1 1 1 I l l 112 I I3 113 I I 4
C I I A F E R 6. SOCIAL AN11 hIOltAL VALUES by (.oliii h i i c y
Race Iw j i ic l icc and dircriininalion . . . . . . . . . . . . Rr jud ia in Oiiinln ... ... ,..
SIII-,alrd picjudico ., ... . . I~ ixr lmln~l lon ... ... ... ... Immigration and se111~iiieni ._. .,. .., ...
Social class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... Scx and gcnder discritihalion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ilourdlold divirionr 01 labour . . . . . . . . . ... ... 5er dlscilrnln.linn ... ... ...
Fcrsonal and rnoirl valuer . . . . . . . . . ... ... Sexual ml.iiondiips ... Olvorrc ... Aborllon m d conlracrpllon ... The aniiabfliiyol pomwraptty _. ._. ... ...
Rtfcrcncei . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... Arknnwlrdpnmlr . . . . . . ... . . . . . . ... ... hbler (6. I . 6 . I J ) ... ...
... ... ... ... ...
. . . . . . ...
... ... ...
. . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... . . . . . . ...
. . . . . . ... ...
. . . . . . ... ... ...
. . . . . . 1 2 1
... . , . I 2 2
... . . 1 2 3
... ... 124
... ... 128
. . . . . 129
. . . . . . 130
. . . . . . 133
... ... 133
. . . . . . 13s
. . . . . . 136
... ... I36
... ... 139
... ... 140
... ... 142 ... ... 143 ... ... I 4 4 ... ... 145
AFPENIIIX I Tecliiiical detail? 01 llie survey Sample design . . . . . . Fieldwork . . . . . . Analysis variables __. ._.
Region ... ... Suclal clair ... ... Isdurlty ... ... Twdc tinion itirmbeiiliip ranty idmtification ,..
Sampling criors . . . . . . OlhW I n l l p l l KrOUpingS
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
. . . . . .
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
. . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . I S 7
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I57
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I58
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I59
... ... ... ... ... 159
... ... ... ... ... 159
... ... ... ... ... I60
... ... ... ... .._ 160
... ... ... ... ... I60
... ... ... ... ... 161
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
AI'PENVIX II Nolcs 011 tlie labulrtionr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
AFFENVIX 111 Tlie Queslionnaircs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Sell.complclion questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 lnlcrvicw questionnaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
SUBJECT INVEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21s
hl~UROFICIIE TAULES: key and iirdcx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... 219
Con ten 1s
EVITORS' INTROVUCTION i x
CIIAW'ER 1. SllAVES OFOFINION by Kcn Young
. . . . . . Some keysocialgroitps ... ... ... Pariy identification aiid parlisatisliip ... Political efficacy: llie individual atid the govcrnirieiit ...
Political c l T r a q and activism ... ... ... ... Rclirb in the cflrciivrncriol~nvcmmenl ... ...
li i lervcntion and llie role of tlic slate
Classatidincomeequalily . . . . . . ... ... Conclusion ... ... ... R c f ~ , t n r e ~ . . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ...
. . . . . .
. . . . . . ... Free-matkd ccMlomia ... ... ... ... Welfrrimm .._ ... . . . . . . ... ...
... ... ...
... ... I
... ... 2
... ... 5
... ... I I
... ... I I
... ... 17
... ... 19
... ... 20
... ... 23
... ... 21
... ... 311
... ... 31
CllAFTER 2. PRICES. INCOMES ANV CONSUMER ISSUES ... by Gerald'Goodhardl .. ... ... ... ... ... ... JJ
Overall erpectatioiis . ._ ... ... ... ... ... ... 33 l lclativc price cltniigcs ._. __ . ... ... ... ... -... 56 Aililudcs loinconic levels ... ... ... ... 39 Policics for ccononiic recovery . . . . . . ... ... ... ... 42 Salisfaclion with services ... ... ... ... ... ... 43
... ... ... ... ... ._. 46 I l ieniarsmedia . . . . . . Fables (2 . ) -2.11) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 48
. . . . . .
...
6R 72 73 74 75 71 79
R I nu
LIIAI'I 1311 4 A 1-1 I I UIII~S.10 UTFENLI: ANI) IN1 EKNATIONAI, A F k A I K S Iry I'iiil Wlii tclcy 9s
Ilrilnin 3s a wiir l i l linwer I l r i t a i i i 5 cii i i iparativc standard 01 l iving l l r i t a i i i r alliaiiccr A l l i l i i d c ~ to clclcncc and niiclear wcapniis Ncwrpapcrr arid ilcleticc pnlicy 1 l ie influence nf social background on alliluclcs Rcfcrmrc i
loldr , (4 I - 4 in1
LIIAI*l FR S Iry Micl iacl J i~l i i i r I i i i i aiid Uoiiglar Wood
HI(;II I AND \VHUN(: IN I'~IIII,IL AND I'HIVAlE LIFE
Iliilcr 01 riicial l i c l iav iow J iidging 'wroiip,iicrr' l 'r ivalc I ra i i r ic l i i i i i r Plllrllc scrvanlr aiid privatc sccloi maiinfyrr I ' i ~ t h c w v a i i ~ r cir i i ipmcd '1 avniircil trcali i ici it ' Cnnchisionr R,f.,,"C,l
Arkno" Irdpmmli l a h l n (J I - J RJ
96 91 99
102 Ill5 I118 1 1 1 I I1
121
121 122 I23 I16 I12 I34 I35 I19 I19 I 40
CllAllI'.H 6 LOCALGOVERNMFNI ANUl I IE RNVIRONMFNT Iiy K c n Young
1 l ie rcrponrivc local ai i lhi ir i (y Ccntrnl vcrws local cni i l rol Cnnccri i Inr Ihc cnvironnicnl 1 I~c 'n i ic lcnr ' issuc nrjcrmC., A c k n o w l d f i r m m a lnhlri I6 1 - 6 111
AI'PFNIIIX I1 Nolci on Ihr hlmlnllons
149
i50 155 159 163 161 167 168
177
178 179 179 180 181 182 184 184 184 186 I R6 190 191 191 192 192 192 192
195
195 191 197 198 198 198 199 199 199
AI'I'ENIJIX 111. 'I'itc qucstinnndres ... ... ... ... ... 2005
Iiiicrvicw qiiestiiiiiti. . I l l C . . . ' ... ... ... ... ... ,.. 21Kl Sell-ciiiiiplclioii qucstionn;iirc . . . . . . ... ... ... ... 248
SIIIIJEC1'INl)KX .._ ... ... ... ... ... ... ,.. 257
British Social Attitudes t l l e
I986 Contents
EIII'I'OHS' INTRODUCTION i x
CIIAIIER 1. 110 PEOPLE IIAVECONSISIENT A l l I ' l I J I l E S ? b y h t l i o n y lleatli ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... I
Lngicsl consistency ... ... ... ... ... ... ... z 'l'ecliirical consisteticy ... ... ... ... . . . . . 4 Nomtative consistency ... ... ... ... ... ... 6 Idcological consist ciicy ... ... ... ... ... ... I 1 Nulcs ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . . IS
C1IAI"IER 2. by Miclracl Mann ...
WORK AN1)IIIE WORK ETIIIC ... ... ... ... . . . ... . . . 17
Etryiloymciit statuses ... ... . . . ... ... ... I1 Eniployeer'alliludcr aiid ciiiiilititntenl to work ... ... ... 21) Uneiiiploynient. political ccoitoniy and iiiequdity ... ... 24 R,/rrc"c<. . . . . . . ... ... ... ... ... ... .., 29 I b b h (2.1 - 2.fZI ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 30
CIIAI'I'EI 3. I'O1.IlICAI. I 'AIVI ISANSII I I 'by JoIiii Chi t ice . . . . . . JY
'llic dirtributkiii of (rartirniisliip ... ... ... ... ... 4 0 Chancs in pailismship ... ... ... ... ... ... 4 2
Publicniion ol caainiiialinii resullr I liglicr education I lie rclrool cilrrlculunr Tnhlrr (6 1 - 6 91
LIIAI'I I:It 6 IN I I. It lhl NI- I'ON I EI)UCA I ION Iry I I*lrvCy Goldslcln
Ilcsoiircc allocalioii liiiproviiig ~ l i c scli~inls SLIIC ant1 privdlc scliools Sclccllvc CdIICaIIIIII
43 44 47 4R 49 50 51 5 3 S 3 54
59
59 611 64 67 69 0') 74
19 7n
89
yn 93 '13 '1 5 97 9Y
1111 1111 llr) l(19 I I 2 I l l I I4
1 I S
I I5 I I 6 I I7 I I7
CIIAI'TER 7 \YEI.FARESTA I E by Nick Ilosaiiqiicl
Puhlic rpendiiig. social spciidiiig aiid Iaanlioii I.cvel aiid iakc-up or hcnc f i~s Wcllarisiii and party political allcgiancc
linagcs 01 l l ie wellarc slate Conclusion
IN1 Eltlhl ItIJI'Oll I I'UI1I.IC SI'ENI)INL ANI) I IIE
The hiRlily ediirilcd niinoiily
Ri1trmrr Toblcs (7 I - I 4J
CIIAITER R INTEUlh l REPORT IIOUSINC by Nick Uosanqucl
Owners and tenanis llic deinngrapliic profilc Council properly altiludes anioiig couiicil ~ c i i a i i ~ r .iiid
non-lcnaills , I lousing satislaclion and eapcclalions h y i n g vcrsiis rciiling Al l i ludcs 10 llic 'riglil 10 buy' lcgislalioii Conclusion Toblrr 18 I - 8 2 )
CllAl'TEW 9 by Colin Aircy and Liiidsay Urook
IN1 I IR IM HEl'Oltr SOCIAL. AND h101tAI. ISSUCS
Itacc prejudice aiid discriiiiiiinlioii Class discriiiiinalion Sexua l rcl.ilionsliips Iliscriiiiiiiatioii on grounds or scaual prclcrcnce Moral issucs
Alnrloon Arlificial Irrlihl y n i ~ a i i i r c i
Cnpilrl punoshmrni Volulllrry ."llllll.l5,.
N"W*
Rifwrrrtsrr A r h m l t d g ~ n w ~ ~ ~ * T o b b 19 1 -V IOJ
127
12R I I0 131 133 113 134 135 136
141
1 4 1
141 1 4 4 145 145 146 147
149
149 I 5U 151 153 154 154 156 ISX I (AI 161 162 162 163
m
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~,'IIAI'IISII It. INl'iiltlhl RiiI'OII'I: I'AR'I'Y I'OLI'I'ICS b y .Iolin Ciirticc ... ... ... ... ... 171
I'nrty iilcntific. .11011 1' .._ ... ... ... ... ... .,. 172 I'nrry klcnti1ic:ition and v;ihies . . . . . . . . ... ... ... 173 I:.cniioiiiic cvnliintir~ns and cxpcclnliiriir ... ... ... ... 11s l<~ali~ari;iiiisni niiil party idciitilicntioii ... ... ... ... 17R I'raitivc niid ncgative partisniisliip ... ... ... ... ... IRI ) C~iticl iisioii ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1x2 nl\rrrrmrr.r ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 182 Inh/rs (8. / - 8.S) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1x3
AI'I'ISNDIX 1. Trclinical dclnils of Iliesiirvry ... ... ... ... 1117
Sanililc ticsign ... ... ... ... Sclcrfion 01 pnrlinrnmlary cnnsliliicnties Sclcciiw 01 pollin8 dirtiiclr ... Sclertion U1 .IhI ICSICS ... Sclcoinn 01 inilividurlr ... ...
I:icldwor k ... ... ... ...
ICrCion ... ... ... ... Swirl ('Ins ... ... ... ... IlldIIsI,y ... ... ... ... P~~iy idrnl i f icr i iw ... ... Ollicr nnnlyis groupings ... ...
Sampling crrors ... ... ...
. . . . . .
Analysis vnrialilcs ... ... ...
...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
... ...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
... 1x7 _._ IR7 ... 188 ... IRR ... IRR ... 1RY ._. 190 ... IYII ... I" ... IYI ... IY2 ... I92 ... IY2
AI'I'I<NI)IX 11. Nulesun llir lnl~nlnlisns . . . . . . ... ... ... 195
AI'I'I~NI~IX 111. 'l'lir qiicslionnnircs ... ... ... ... ... 197
SUII.IiiCI' INDEX ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 155
Coil tents
INIROUUCIlON
OIAIIER I . T l l E I ' R l C E 0 1 ; l l O N E S n by Miclwcl Johnslon . . . . . . . . .
Jdgiiig wrongdoing . . . . . . Stnbilily oycr time . . . . . . Conipkaielili oljudgcnmit . . . . . .
L a r ~ m d s n a l b s t a t e r . . . . . . Gminmidbm . . . . . .
Miglil you do ill . . . . . . subgroup vnlinliola . . . . . .
J I " 1 ~ q n h m Y ... ... LningrlmdatdrToro-lf ._. ...
Concltsioiis . . . . . . . . . RCfC.OW.3 . . . . . . ... A,*mnk&mma rdcs O./-IJ) . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
C1IAI1ER 2 EDUCAlION M A I I E R S by Pall1 i%lllKr . . . . . . . . .
RCSOIII~ nllmtion . . . . . . Illlproving sdlools . . . . . . Slate nnd privntescliooling .._ _ _ _ Selective d i a l i o n . . . . . . SFliool cxniiiiiiatioiu . . . . . .
British Social Attitudes
the 5t11 rcport
Lx
. . . . . . . . . . . . I
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 . . . . . . 10
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
... ... . . . . . . . . . I 3
... ... . . . . . . . . . 13
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
. . . . . . ...
17
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
. . . . . . ... ... ... 23
... . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cl IAI'I FH 3 I HFNllS IN I'EHMISIVENFSS Iiy S~cplleii I larding
( I IAI ' I FII 4 WOIIKINC-CLASS CONSFIIVA 1 lVL5 AND hlll) l l l L C l A S SOLIALISIS hy hnlliony I lwlli a id Gcofl Evuns
24 25 26 26 21 28 29 30 10 30 31
35
36 31 38 38 40 40 42 42 41 45 45 45 41 51
53
55 54 51 58 59 61 63 64 66
CIIAITER 5 TllE PUIJLICS RESPONSETO AlUS by Lndsay brook
CIIAITER6 AN AlLlNCSTA~EOFNAlIONALllEnLlll by Nick Dosanqiul
CIIAl'll'n7 IHUSl IN l l l F LYIAli l ISllhll"I by Kogcr Jowcll a i d Rrlidrd Topl
71
12 15 16 71 80 82 81 84 85 86 81
93
95 91 91 98 99 99
101 102 101 103 105
1d9
I l l 1 1 1 112 I I 4 I I4 I I6 I I6 118 120 122 123
~ ‘ l l A l ’ l K l l R. ON1 NAIION? by Joliii CurlicE . . . . . . ... ... . . . . . . ... ... Ill
... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . I28
... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
... ... ... ... . . . . . . 130
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I31
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
. . . . . . ... ... . . . . . . 138
... ... ... ... . . . . . . 140
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
... ... . . . . . . ... ... 142
... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
ClIAl’llCR9. INIERlhl REPORT: RURAL I’HOSI’ECIS hy Ken Young ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Rccogiiilion nlchange in lllecoutilryside ._. Ille itiiwckoine iriipncl olcliange ... Coilccni nhoul I IK wunlrysidc ... ... I s Iliecoiitilrysi~k a pliliwl inuc? ... ... Eapcclatioris and policy options . . . . . .
llmcrlstothecont+k __i ... ... I’rkjoh a..) I l rmmlry** ... ... ihc ,,,k o( I I ~ ran%, ... ... ... AIlcrnaliw lid UVI ... ... ...
Coiwluinni: how importan( is (IK wuii~ryside? NOlP., ... ... ... ... ... RIIcI I lKll . . . . . . . . . ... ... A ~ A , n a l & ~ w ~ r ... . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ ~ N I I ( P . I ~ V . ~ I ... ... ... ... ...
. . . . . . ... ... 1%
. . . . . . . . . . . . 158
. . . . . . . . . ... 159
. . . . . . ... ... Im
. . . . . . . . . . . . I61
. . . . . . . . . . . . 161
. . . . . . . . . . . . 162
... ... ... ... 164
. . . . . . . . . . . . 164 ... . . . . . . I66
... ... 167
. . . . . . . . . . . . I68
... ... ... ... I68
. . . . . . . . . . . . 169
. . . . . .
CIIAIWII in. I N I I H I M HEIWR’I‘: A WOMANS WOI~K by Slidron Wil l rrslwn ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Work oiilnide llic liome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Ckwjmkm~l qwplin ... ... ... . . . . . . ... ... 176 Juh ricrrn(ypin~ ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . IN RcIwninC In pil u w k ... ... ... . . . . . . ... ... 180
Work in IIle liotiie ... ... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
AI’PENDIX 1. Tcdniul dellib of Ur suvcy
Sainpkdaign . . . . . . . . . S . l a ( i d p r B a m n b r ) l m i i & sr*aiond@hg&rku . . . . . . Scbrtirnd&- . . . . . . ScMirndinlividmb . . . . . .
Fiklwork . . . . . . . . . Anal* w r * k . . . . . . . . . Sorialcks . . . . . . . . . Ildmlry . . . . . . . . . hrtyidcmilalion . . . . . . . . . OlEn .nl* * . . . . . .
Snmplingcrron . . . . . . . . . R r f m . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
AI’I’ENDIX II. Nola 011 Ur hbulalimr _.
AI’I’ENDIX 111. The q u d o m a h ...
SUWECI INDEX . . . . . . . . .
... . . . . . . . . . . . . I82
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18s
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I87
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MI
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m2
... . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mz
. . . . . . . . . . . . ...m4
. . . . . . . . . . . . ...m
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ms
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2%
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . m
... . . . . . . . . . . . . m 8
. . . . . . . . . .__ __. m3
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
British Social
Contents
INTRODUCTION
Attitudes special
international report
CHAFTER 1 MEASURING NA170NAL DIFFERENCES An introduction to the lnternahond Social Survev Programme (ISSP) hy Jamc5 A Davis and Roger Jowell
What i s the ISSP? Difficulties o l cross-national measuremenis Bcnefiis of cross-national data Conclusion \'.nnn
R d r n l r n
I<k"o.i*ml
CHAPTER 2 INERNATIONAL PATTERNS OF WORK bv David G Blanchflower and Andrew J Oswald
The value of national compansons Jobs and JObkSSneSS
wortrorrr p m ~ i o U ~ ~ p I O F ~ " ,
Trade union membership What d o people earn7 Trade union strength
Th. . N I P S
F~~~ .mm, urnimp
UnDnlvtan .rd "r3 Self-employment Hours of work Conclusions
i X
I
- 4 6
11 12 I? 13
15
16 18 18 20 21 23 23 24 24 25 26 27 27
CHAPTER 3 THE ROLE OF THE STATE hy Peter Taylor-Gooby
post-war 'welfare capitalism The future o i welfare capitalism Government and the economv
A,,,adc. 00 .,.U lnlrrrrnllon
E n ~ n d w r r on public mcrpnw
Government and welfare A I I I I Y ~ ~ , 10 w c rrTponrthdilic3
R ~ ~ ~ ~ L ~ ~ or . ~ ~ a ~ 5plndlng
Govcrnrncnt and family lire Government and citizenship
P.ssirr nshir and civil I ~ b t n ~ r ~
M t v c "#his and m n c n ~ q d l r "
Government intervcnlion the overall pattern State wellare and class solidanty Conclusion N#" R < f r m W
T o h l n I J I - I J 1
CHAPTER 4 INEQUALI'IY AND WELFARE by Tom W Smith
Support lor x l i a r e programmes Taxation and redistnbution
ShsnnZ oh. #S. bwdcn
Pwmnrr mxnImn and rrdislnbulon
Perceptions o i inequality and social mobility Beliels about oppomnity and rqobillty Explanations o i inequality Assessments of social conflict Inequality and class Conclusions W"
R6-m A<k".?d+."-f
To.610 I4 1 4 JI
27 zx 30
35
35 36 31 37 3Y 40 40 42 44 46 46 47 49 49 51 51 5 2 53
59
61 63 63 64 65 67 69 71 72 74 75 76 77 78
CHAPTER 5. KINSHIP AND FRIENDSHIP by Janet Finch ... ... ... . .. ..
Contact and support Keeping in touch
LWl"' nh rcl.,,vu
XrLplnl I" FO"Y(I
J U S ~ rml Inend, Helping each other Kin and gender Relatives and friends Conclusions N m ... ... R.@."rn ...
". ... _.. ... ... ._. .. . . .. . ._ ... . .. .. ,
... ... ... ,.. ... ... ...
.. . ... . ._ .. . . . . ... . ._
... .. . . .. _._
... ... ... .. .
... . .. ... ._.
... ... ... ... 87
... ... ... _.. 88
... ... ... ... YY
... ... ... ... 89
... ... . .. ... 91
... ... ... ... 94
... ... ... ... 95
... ... ... ... 98
... ... ... ... 1w
... ... ... ... 101
... ... ... ... 102
... ... ... ... I02
CHAPTER 6. UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE IN BRITAIN AND THE USA by Geoffrey Evans and John Durant ... ... ... ... ... 105
Public perceptions of science h b l r tnlrcsi ... ... I " l O r n C d * S ... ... How .Y.YT.IC arc Yir-mponl~
Perceived relevance of science Understanding of science
hml lrx tnor*dir ... f f i ~ i ~ d ~ or ",tS 10 wm
Acceptance of scientific theories Public anitudes to science Conclusion ... ... .WO ... ... ... ._. ~&w- ... .. . ... ArknorMnnmu ... .. , . ._
. . . . . . . . . . , . ... ... ... ... ._. ... .. . ... .., . .. ... ... ... .._ _._
... ... ... ... ... ... ... .__ .._ ... ... ... _.. .,. ... ... ... ... ._.
... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ._. ... ... ... ... ... . .. . .. . .. _._ _._ ... ... ... ... ._. ... . . . ... ... . ..
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
...
106 I06 107 108 I OX 109 109 113 114 116 118 119 1 I9 1 I Y
CHAPTER 7. PRIDE IN ONE'S COUNTRY: BRITAIN AND WEST GERbUNY
~ ~~~~ ~~~ .
by Richard Topf, Peter Mohler and Anthony Heath ... ... 121
National pride in liberal democracies hrt-nd c n d m ... ... The p-m study ... ... . ..
Cultural homogeneity _.. ... Objects of national pride ...
Bnlvh pti& in Ibo monarchy
WIIf Glno." p m in &C E.%€ L.. Bnliih p m in RdYmcni ... ... ~ c o n o m r .ch-mn~ a d the rciram
who k b n.km.1 p w ! ... ...
...
. . . . . . . . . _ . . . . _
... ... ... ... _..
... ... ... ._. ...
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... ...
... ... ... ... .,.
... ... ... ... .__
... ... ... ... ...
123 125 128 128 129 130 132 132
Altitudes to democracy ... ... ... ... ... National pride and political participation ... ... NDlG ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... w"-- A d n o w k d p m n u _._ __. ... ... ... ... ... *bIw 81-74, ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
__. __. ._. ... ... ... .. . ...
CHAPTER 8. INTERIM REPORT THE CHANGING FAMILY by Stephen Harding ._. ._. , ._ ... ... ... ...
Women at work and at home Attitudes towards children
Family S I I ~ ... ... Parmul dury ... ...
Divorce ,.. .. . . . . Conclusions ... ... Norm ., , ... ... . .. Rcf-"* ... ... ...
... ... ... ... __. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .._ .,, ... ... ... , .. .. . ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ._. , .. ... . .. ... .. . . .. ... ...
APPENDIX I. Technical details of the surveys ... ...
ISSP surveys .. . . , , . . . . .. Bnlrin Brilirh Sxul Aslludr, > Y ~ c ! Ynel
united strlcr or A~~~~ G ~ W ~ I SUC~SI sunr)
Austrds Nrliond E a i a l Srrncr Sunr) ... W m Germany: N L B U S .. . . .. ... ~ u n n a ' SOZIIILI Svncy brirnrirh ... ... H""@r) ... . .. ... ... I idy : I n d s p ~ Sxmk Iialiana ... ... Nohcrhndr . .. . .. ... ... Svllrrrlmd .. . .. . .. . .. . Rrpublic 01 lrclind ... ... ...
British wmcy ... . . . ... ... Amerran ' " M Y .. . .. . . .. ...
...
Public understanding of science surveys
Survey of national pride ... ... ... . .. ... ... ... Rcf-"W
... ... ...
... ... ...
... .. . ...
. .. . .. ...
. .. ... . ..
... ... ...
... ... ...
... ... ...
.. . .. . ...
. .. . .. .. .
... ... ... ,.. ...
... .. . . . .
... .. . ...
. .. . ... .. .
._. .. . . ..
APPENDIX 11. Notes on the tabulations ... .. . ...
APPENDIX 111. The questionnaires . . , ... ,.. ...
SUBJECT INDEX .._ ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
... 133
... 134 _.. 136 ... 137 ... 138 I... 139
... 143
... 144
... 148
... 148
... 149
._. 15 I
... 153
... I54
... 154
... 157
... 157
.,. I57
.._ 159
... 160
.,. 161
._. 162 _.. 163 ... 164 ... I65 ... 165 ._. 166 .,. I 66 ... I hb .,. 167 ._. 167 ... 169
... 171
.,. 173
... 205
Contents
British Social Attitudes
the 7 t h report
INTRODUCTION
CHAFTER 1 SOCIAL WELFARE THE UNKINDEST CUTS by P e w Taylor-Cmby
Welfare reform Spcnding comlrami6 md WI cuts
mra~l,mn m d ~hc welfare siilc
nc mord mprci vcllare
Porcrry incqual~ty m d rclcclnvlly
Polansamn and suppon for h e welfare Slale Chavc and pnvale med8clne
Prlrllcgc uld pr~valc weiram
Pnoniies for welfare spend% Polansarion and welfarc for lhc poor
Rcdirmbulwn qurllry and p v E I Y
Comionablc Bnum V ~ Y I miurnblc Bnum
Disrausfacuon wirh welfare provlslon Conclusions NOlU
R&<MCtS
Tables
CHAPTER 2 THE STATE O F THE UNIONS by Neil MiUward
Trade WOW and popular opuuon
X I
1
2 1 5 7
10 12 12 13 14 14 14 16 17 I8 19 19 21
21
28
uman p w c r
HOW well yc Ihc ""Im lun'
Thc mlevmcc of ""lms Trends in umon membcnhp
Union dsnrq
Union recognition md frcenderr
Compulsory union membershp Reasons for uruon membershp Reasons for non-membershp Work allirudes. workplace perceptions and uniomsm
AlUNdCs 10 work
PCKCPIION or rhc wovtplacc
Union mrmberahip and pdny poliucd idenllficduon Nore,
R</m"<ts
Ac*mrlrd#xmrru
T d C J
CHAPTER 3 WOMEN AND THE FAMILY by lacqueline Scott
Changing roles wilhn rhc family Women I w o n and h e fsmil)
Awruder md gender
Cross-muonll compmronr
Working mothers and chddcare Sexual relauonships. mamagc and children
Sexual reliliOnihips m d Cohibimlion
M v n r p e Children
Broken families DNOrCe
Conclusions CiK pvcm fmlllcr
R c / w m c a
Ackmvlcd~cm~ms
TOM<$
CHAPTER 4 LIVlNG UNDER THREAT by Ken Young
Concern a h u i ihe envnonrnent hnuimnmcntll haurds
Pmecung Ihc covniryrmdc
Concern a h u i nuclcar powcr
2s 29 29 30 3 0 31 32 34 3h 3') 40 41 32 43 44 45 46
51
53 53 55 56 57 59 59 61 63 65 65 67 68 69 7 0 72
17
78 79 XO X?
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APPENDIX I Technlcal details of the surveys British Social Attltudes Sample design
Selorllo" of pnrt,men,?q rn"SlllYF"ClO
Selection of polling dwruo
Sclc=l!on of addmrvr
klcciion of mdwduals
Fieldwork
Analysis vanables ReglO"
S a d C l l u
Indumy Party tdcnuficcauon
olhcr aRnlyru "v ld lsa
Sampling erron NOW,
I88 188 I89 191 191 I92 193 193 195 197 197 I98 198 199 200 203 203 204 206 207 208 208 210 212 213 215 216
217 217 217 218 218 216 218 219 220 220 220 22 I 222 222 222 22s
Northern Ireland Socd Attltudts Sample design
Fieldwork Analysls vanables
RCjCT.KI
Sckuon of lndrviduaL
Sampllng errors
APPENDIX U Notes on the labulations
APPENDIX III The questionnaues
SUBJECT INDEX
225 226 226 227 227 227 227
229
23 I
329
British Social Attitudes
the 8th report
C0hTEhT.s
NIXODUCI'ION
CaAPTw 1 . CONSENSUS AND DISSENSUS by hthouy Heath and Damn McMahon . . .
MrmmdiliDlvlhm . . . . . . . . .
sodll daL redlmihdm md the d a m sum y + ~ m d ~ D l d i ~ . . .
Lifeqcle or genaarional &sm? . . . Condusioru . . . . . . . . . . . . . VoUr . . . . . . . . . . . . w-. &mMdpnm . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . .
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...
...
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...
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...
. . . CHAPtER 2 .4lT A m TO THE -ARE STATE by Peter TaytorGooby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
State intervention and spmding priorities . . . lnrc -billtie d govemnem1 . . . . . . . . . sp.din* pnDntiP a d l m d m
. . .
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...
...
...
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d
1
2 3 3 6 8 10 12 12 14 15 18 19 M 21
23
24 24 25
~ t i ~ t e pmnsitn and plblic msourm . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Pditieal comemm and dioawu . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Self-interest and state provision . . . . . . . . 29 'Middledus tenclitr' and 'uorti"b daw tenclis' . . . U) flau in1er-t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . U ) ~mplqment iniersn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Inequality and state welfare . . . . . . . . . 35 fhe state of the National Health SeMce . . . . . . 36 The p l M C mmd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
A U ~ a m L a I h e w r v i c e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
RCfCRrvS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
. . .
Area5 of onlam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 NOrU
~ c x n m + i ~ m r m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
CHAPTER 3 . FAILING EDUCATION? b y A H . Halsey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Rmurce allocation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Improving schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Selectivity and control of the curriculum . . . . . . . . . 49 Ewninauonr and testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 fhe status of teachers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Higher education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Rqmnclr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
by Tony GaUagher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 CHAPER 4 . JUSTICE AND THE I A W IN NORTHERN IRELAND
The religious and comtirutional background Rdiam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The slate d the Unim . . . . . . . . . . . .
P ~ m s a n d - i a r e d r m n e . . . . . . Rcponingclimr;ndgvingevidacc . . . . . .
Crime and the adminisuauon of justin
Emergency le@sIation . . . . . . . . .
. . .
The Kauiy (ara . . . . . . . . . . . . Conw nth the police . . . . . . . . .
Evcnh.ndednardtlKwouiIyfm-m . . . . . . Scovng . . . . . . . . . . . . lne murtr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fspedure d the police . . . . . . . . .
Civil liberties and the state . . . . . .
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. . . 60
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. . . 63
. . . M
. . . 65
. . . 66
. . . 66
. . . 61
. . . 68
. . . 69
. . . 70
. . . 71 sumpDuer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 me nghhtofdsmt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Increasing confidence in the administration of justice . . . 16 ABil ldRighU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Cslhdm m the RUC P d m q the p d t e
Conclusions NaU Rqmncu -*mnu T&eJ
C X U I E R 5 HOUSE AND HOME by John Cunia
Tuo mntroveniu Tenure profiles ‘Residualsation’ Perceptions of ‘residualaanon’ The populanly of home o m e n h i p Trends ~n the ppulanry of home o m e n h i p Conclusiom NCia R q m u -
CHAPTER 6. SHADES OF GREEN by Ken Young
The green aar ld new Threarr to the emryrtem aod global =U-bcmg Ennnnmslvl kmr.2~ am @uom F h q - d the rutr d n v d u I parrr - for the $Me1
P r o t e ~ l n g flora and fauna Ennronmental amon lndmdlvl -bb* LY pennnnt .Lllonl CVllreVldrmapon ommaul- Green’ c m s u w r 01 no/ m w r
Conclurions N- R q w m Me-=,= Tb(r. -
CRWTER 7 WORKING MOTHERS FREE TO (;aooSE” by Sharun W i t h c n p n and Gilllan h o r
Fleable a a r b n g arrangemenu for cmploycu Chlldcarc pronsion and preference why uomen stay at home . plemures and mnsmns Women’s values
17 78 10 ., 81 82 a4 85
m 89 90 93 ¶5 07 I.
I01 103 104 I 05 106
107
1M 110 110 112 114 115 117 118 119 121 123 I24 126 127 129 130
131
133 138 145 147
Conclusions NOrU Rq‘urnru A&d+C.mllU
CHAPTER 8 SMOKING AND HEALTH by Yoav Ben-Shlomo. Aubrey Sheham and Michacl Marmot
who smokes and Urn0 do0 nor’ who ~ntends to ~ I K up smokmE and Q~IO doer not? Why g~ve up rmobng’ Reatom for smohng Perctptrons of the rub of smohng
Altitudes towards smohng in public places T o b a r n adwnaing and spomonhip Atntudes towards smokers Conclusions NorU R q - u
T d W
The mks of pawVC smohng
Ackwd*rnut
CHAPER 9 mm REPORT CML L m m m by Lmdsay Brook and Ed Cape
Sctung the mntm Cornerstones of ad IrBcrcanurn
hKhS or @mUl pmlm Thc d- of -- Pro,- the -1
Rmmdumm d wul p.ubmmt The mmxlumm d idennty cards
A r c ~ c u u swcty’J Freedom of cxpxcssion EVCnhandednUS Of SCCltty COW pwrs and p r d u r e s Pohm powcn Constitutional safeguards Conclusion NCZ5 RdmzeJ -*m
CAAPTW 10 INlFRIM REPORT ECONOhUC O U n O O K by Bndget Taylor
Economic and tndurmal upenat~ons lnllrtlon Ud unenplqmmt
151 152 153 i54
ISS
156 15 159 160 162 163 164 168 168 169 170 170 171 172
175
176 177
179 181 181 182 183 186 109 192 193 197 199 200 2m 202
178
203
204 204
Irdlouid pr(anum . . . . . . . . . . . . Individual economic circumstancs . . .
lnmme I d S J& . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emnomic policy optiom . . . . . . Gacmsll inlcmntion . . . . . . Intl.tBnardunemp(qment . . . . . . T a m h . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . N W . . . . . . . . . . . . Rdrnnccr . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . , . APPENDIX 1 . Technical duails or the survey
BridrhSoeial Armtuda . . , . . . Sample design . . . . . . . , . scl& d pulivnaury mnrtimmis
. . . . . .
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. . . . . . N- . . . . Northan Idand So% Atriiidcs Sample design . . . . . . . . . SeImimdUW . . . . . . . . .
Fieldaork . . . . . . . . . . . . Adract letter experimmt . . . . . .
Analysis variables . . . . . . . . . Sampling WDK . . . . . . . . . WoWm . . . . . . . . . . . .
APPENDlX 1L Nota on the tabularions
APPENDIX IIL The quationnaim
SUBlECT MEX
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207 208 208 211 212 212 213 215 217 210 219 220
221 221 221 222 222 223 223 223 224 22.5 225 zzs 227
227
231 231 232 232 233 234 234 234 234
m m
. . . . . . . . . 235
. . . . . . . . . 237
. . . . . . . . . 349
APPENDIX L
INTERNATIONAL. SOCIAL SURVEY PROGRAMME (ISSP)
Contact names and addresses
APPENDIX L
ISSP members
1 ANU (Australia)
2 sso (Austna)
Jonathan Kelley, Manah Evans, Clive Bean Dept of Sociology Research School of Sowal Suences The Australian Nattonal Umversity Canberra Australia Tel (61) (6) 249-2220 Cornputem& Bean CSB387 @ COOMBSANU OZ Fax (61) (6) 297-2937
Max Haller, Franz Hollinger InsbtuIe of Sowology Umversity of Graz Umversitatsplatz 4 I 111 A-8010 Graz Austna Tel (0) 316 380 3540
(0) 316 380 3541 (Haller) (0) 316 380 3543 (Hollinger)
Fax (0) 316 382 130
3 Inshtute for Trade Umon Yun Aroyo, Lilya Dimova and Smal Studm @ulgma) 4 Shah Septemvn Street
Instttute for Trade Umon and Social Stuclles
loo0 Sofia Bulgaria Tel 8802.51
4 Carleton Umversity Survey Centre (Canada)
Alan Fnzzell Director Carleton Umversity Ottawa, KlS5B6 Canada Tel (613) 564-5530
5 Instttute of Smology Petr Mateju Czechoslovak Academy of Saences Czechoslovak Academy of Suences (Czechoslavalaa) Jdska 1
Instttute of Sociology
110 00 Praha 1 Czechoslavalua
7. SCPR (Great Britain)
Peter Ph. Mohler. Michael Braun ZUMA PO Box 122155 6800 Mannheim Germany Tel (0) 621 18004-0 (switchboard)
(0) 621 18004-4 (Mohler) (0) 621 18004-48 (Braun)
Computermail 0 0 5 @ DHDURZ2 ( E m ) Fax (0) 621 18004-49
Roger Jowell, Bridget Taylor SCPR 35 Northampton Square London EClV OAX Great Britain Tel (0) 71 250 1866 Computermail BSA @ UK.AC.OXFORD.VAX Fax (0) 71 250 1524
Tamas Kolosi. Peter R6bert TARKI panadalomkutatasi Informatikai Egyesules) 1027 Budapest I1 Frankel Leo 11
Tel (361) 1354- 598 Computermail H57KOL at ELLA @ SZTAKI.UUCP (Kolosi)
Fax (361)1359-600
H w g w
H5WROB at ELLA @ SZTAKI.UUCP (Rdbert)
9. Social Science Research Conor Ward, Liam Ryan Centre Social Science Research Centre (Republic of Ireland) University College Dublin
Dublin 4 Republic of Ireland Tel (353) (1) 2693 244 (ext. 8361) Computermail ACOOGAN @ IRLEARN Fax (353) (1) 2694 409
10. University of Tel Aviv (Israel)
Noah Lewin-Epstein, Eppie Yachhnann-Yaar Dept. of Sociology and Anthropology Tel Aviv University PO Box 39040 Ramat Aviv 69978 Israel Tel (3) 972-3- 417298 Computermail H07 @ TAUNOS Fax (3) 972-3-6422285
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Tel (0) 2 498 7816, 480 12166 Pax (0) 2 481 4177
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12 Broadcashng Culture Research Slugeru Yokoyama InshNte, NHK Seruor Researcher (Japan) Broadcashng Culture Research Inshtute
NHK (Japan Broadwhng Corporahon)
Mmato-Ku Tokyo 105 Japan Tcl 03-3433-521 1 Fax 03-3436-5880
2-2-1 Atago
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14 Massey Uruvenity (New Zealand)
Carlo van Praag. Jos Becker Soclaal en Cultureel Planbureau J C van Markenlaan 3 Postbus 37
The Netherlands Tcl (70) 319- 8700 Fax (70) 3%- 3ooo
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Plullip Gendall Department of Markehng Faculty of Business Stuhes Massey Uruversity Palmenton North New Zealand Tcl (63) 69-099
Knud Knudscn, Vigds Kvalheirn. Knut Kalgraff-Skjak Nonueg~an Soual Science Data Semces Hans Holmboesgt 22 N-5007 Bergen Noway Td (5) 475 21 21 17 Computemad FNSLH @ NOBERGEN BlTNET Fax (5) 475 % 06 60
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