Breeding Dynamics to Maternal Breeding Dynamics to Maternal Effects: Effects: the shape of populations to the shape of populations to come come Ian A. Fleming Ian A. Fleming Ocean Sciences Centre Ocean Sciences Centre Memorial University of Memorial University of Newfoundland Newfoundland
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Breeding Dynamics to Maternal Effects: the shape of populations to come Ian A. Fleming Ocean Sciences Centre Memorial University of Newfoundland.
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Breeding Dynamics to Maternal Effects:Breeding Dynamics to Maternal Effects: the shape of populations to comethe shape of populations to come
Ian A. FlemingIan A. FlemingOcean Sciences CentreOcean Sciences Centre
Memorial University of NewfoundlandMemorial University of Newfoundland
Describe an animal’s mating behavior and parental care
Egg SizeEgg SizeWhat Does a Female Do?What Does a Female Do?
Ovary
FewLarge
ManySmall
Female reared to adulthood in captivity
Eggs
Fertilized by one male
LargeSmall
Experimental DesignExperimental Design
Test across a range of environmental qualities
Habitat Quality Index
Gro
wth
In
dex
Large EggsLarge Eggs
Small EggsSmall Eggs
Egg SizeEgg Size
slopes: slopes: P P < .001< .001
Einum & Fleming 1999 Proc R Soc Lond B
Fertilized by one male
Breeding TimeBreeding TimeFemaleFemale
Eggs
EarlyEarly Late Late
10-12 day range
’ ± SE P
Mortality 0.391 ± 0.138 0.016
r2 P
Body size 0.61 0.001
Selection Selection 17 & 44 days postemergence
Einum & Fleming 2000 Evolution
Nesting LocationNesting Locatione.g., Conventional vs. Effective Densitye.g., Conventional vs. Effective Density
Conclusion: breeding systemConclusion: breeding system• Shaped byShaped by
Reproductive allocationReproductive allocation Competition for matesCompetition for mates Competition for breeding resourcesCompetition for breeding resources
• Shaping Shaping Trait & Life history evolutionTrait & Life history evolutionGenetic Structure Genetic Structure Offspring PerformanceOffspring Performance
• Setting the stage for Population Setting the stage for Population dynamicsdynamics
• Response of populations to depressions Response of populations to depressions in size (natural and human induced)in size (natural and human induced)
• Intentional & unintentional Intentional & unintentional release of cultured fishrelease of cultured fish
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements: Sigrud Einum, Mart Gross, Kjetil : Sigrud Einum, Mart Gross, Kjetil Hindar, Bror Jonsson, Anders Lamberg.Hindar, Bror Jonsson, Anders Lamberg.
SupportSupport: Norwegian Research Council, Natural Science : Norwegian Research Council, Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada, European and Engineering Council of Canada, European Commission Grant ProgrammeCommission Grant Programme