Brazil’s innovation and research strategy models as drivers for development: Achievements, Problems and Challenges The 16th Conference of China Association for Science and Technology Kunming, Yunnan, China May 23, 2014 Helena Nader – President Presented by: Aldo Malavasi - General Secretary Brazilian Society for the Advancement of Science – SBPC
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Brazil’s innovation and research strategy models as drivers for development: Achievements, Problems and Challenges The 16th Conference of China Association.
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Brazil’s innovation and research strategy models as drivers for
development:Achievements, Problems and
ChallengesThe 16th Conference of China Association for Science and
TechnologyKunming, Yunnan, China
May 23, 2014
Helena Nader – President
Presented by: Aldo Malavasi - General Secretary
Brazilian Society for the Advancement of Science – SBPC
Evolution of Brazilian graduate programs and
research achievements
“Between 1997 and 2007 the number of Brazilian papers in indexed, peer-reviewed journals more than doubled to 19,000 a year.
Brazil now ranks 13th in publications, according to Thomson Reuters, having surpassed the Netherlands, Israel, and Switzerland. Brazil's universities awarded twice as many Ph.D.s this year as they did in 2001, and thousands of new academic jobs have opened up on 134 new federal campuses.” (Science, Dec. 3, 2010)
Scientific PapersBrazil, Latin America and the World
Science 330:1306, 2010
Published Papers in ISI indexed Journals 2013
Source: Thomson Reuters. InCites, 2014.
Rank Country Papers% of total papers in the
world1 USA 378.625 27,02 CHINA 219.281 15,63 GERMANY 102.271 7,34 ENGLAND 94.660 6,85 JAPAN 78.447 5,66 FRANCE 70.732 5,07 CANADA 62.804 4,58 ITALY 61.963 4,49 SPAIN 55.096 3,9
10 AUSTRALIA 53.296 3,811 INDIA 51.660 3,712 SOUTH KOREA 51.051 3,613 BRAZIL 38.523 2,714 NETHERLANDS 37.570 2,715 RUSSIA 29.077 2,116 TAIWAN 27.699 2,017 SWITZERLAND 27.325 1,918 TURKEY 25.510 1,819 IRAN 25.415 1,820 SWEDEN 24.416 1,7
Brazil’s published papers according to the area of knowledge (2009-2013)
Percentage of Brazil’s published papers according to the area of knowledge with respect
to the world production (2009 to 2013)
AchievementsBrazilian leadership in
S&T&I• Aerospace (airplane industry # 4 world)• Agriculture (orange, soybeans, sugarcane, tropical fruits and
cereals)• Animal production (cattle, pig and poultry)• Automation: banks (before Internet); elections (results in
few hours)• Biofuels (ethanol and biodiesel)• Cellulose and Paper Industry• Insect biological control• Oil production in very deep water• Tropical diseases and Public Health
Highlights on Brazilian Science Production
The basis of Brazilian scientific research is heavily oriented to agriculture, ecology and infectious diseases. Brazil is world leader in papers related to sugar, coffee and orange. The cattle industry produces 33% of the cattle embryos in the world. The research in these areas is growing steadily enough in order to put Brazil in a good position to approach the global concerns with food security, climate change and conservancy.
World Ranking of published papers and citations (1996 – 2012
Rank Country Score Percentage Rank1 Switzerland 66.6 92.12 Sweden 61.4 61.73 United Kingdom 61.2 58.14 Netherlands 61.1 82.25 United States of America 60.3 39.76 Finland 59.5 53.17 Hong Kong (China) 59.4 23.48 Singapore 59.4 14.89 Denmark 58.3 45.3
10 Ireland 57.9 60.211 Canada 57.6 52.412 Luxembourg 56.6 77.313 Iceland 56.4 79.414 Israel 56.0 73.715 Germany 55.8 72.316 Norway 55.6 43.217 New Zealand 54.5 36.818 Korea, Republic of 53.3 33.319 Australia 53.1 18.020 France 52.8 56.030 Slovenia 47.3 51.035 China 44.7 90.739 Costa Rica 41.5 94.340 Lithuania 41.4 26.252 Uruguay 38.1 68.756 Argentina 37.7 86.060 Colombia 37.4 44.663 Mexico 36.8 60.964 Brazil 36.3 51.7
142 Yemen 19.3 12.7
Innovation in the WorldGlobal Innovations Index
Cornell University,INSEAD,and WIPO (2013): The Global Innovation Index 2013: The Local Dynamics of Innovation, Geneva, Ithaca,and Fontainebleau.
The Framework of Global Innovation Index 2014
Cornell University, INSEAD,and WIPO (2013): The Global Innovation Index 2013: The Local Dynamics of Innovation, Geneva, Ithaca,and Fontainebleau.
Cornell University, INSEAD,and WIPO (2013): The Global Innovation Index 2013: The Local Dynamics of Innovation, Geneva, Ithaca,and Fontainebleau.
Fonte: UNESCO SCIENCE REPORT 2010
Chalenges:Number of Researchers
Natural Sciences and Engineering, per selected region / countries: 2008 or last available data
Chalenges: number of scientists or engineers
Source: National Science Board, Science and Engineering Indicators 2012
The fourth age of research
J. Adams, Nature 497: 557-60, 2014
Problems to be solved Continuous public budget cuts on the financing
sources allocated to Science, Technology and Innovation.
Low investments from the private sectors. Backwardness on basic education, particularly in
high school level, which directly affects the quality of learning processes at universities, and consequently, scientific productivity.
Lack of English proficiency that makes internationalization a difficult task to accomplish.
Challenges (1) – Efforts on Education Although great efforts have been undertaken in order to
promote great advancements on graduate programs in the past 30 years, there is a large distortion among Brazilian regions
To continue the expansion policy of the national graduate educational system.
Duplicate in 5 years the number of Physics and Chemistry teachers .
Duplicate in 10 years the number of undergraduate courses in engineering, physics, chemistry and in the areas of pharmacology and drugs
A strong policy to enhance the quality of engineering and exact sciences
Challenges (2) stronger policies
Solid policies and investments to enhance technology and innovation, which result in jobs and wealth.
Continuous growth of scientific production. Higher number of registered and licensed patents,
start-ups, among others related to technology and innovation.
Towards a new contract between Science and Society
1. Science is in transition 2. Communication and Education 3. Scientific literacy 4. North-South issues 5. Economy for Sustainable Development 6. Science Policy, Ethics in Science and Scientific Integrity 7. Integrating Issues of Science and Society 8. Office of Government Relations
Global Scenario
Investments in Science, Technology and Innovation
are priority in times of economic crisis
1. The investments in S,T&I are essential for the sustainable development of nations and should be promoted as the best response to economic crisis.
Science education contributes to democracy and the political agenda of
nations
1. Science education of the population and the popularization of science should be encouraged, enlarging and encouraging scientists to participate in this process; and
2. The use of new information technologies should be made available globally, stimulating initiatives that contribute to "education beyond school."
1. It should be encouraged, through international organizations and binational and multinational agreements, the formation of networks of international scientific collaboration within a multidisciplinary perspective to address challenges common to many regions of the planet;
2. Alongside the scientific activity directed to these great challenges, it must be promoted innovation in economics and public administration, social inclusion and the promotion of a culture of peace for reducing violence; and
3. The research frontier, result of human curiosity, should be strengthened and expanded globally, even though it that does not produce obvious applications in the present: the history of science shows that scientific and technological revolutions arise from this type of research.
XXI Century encompasses great challenges for science