Brazil-UK research planning workshop Improving integration between urban and environmental policies The case of green infrastructure – Brazil & UK.

Brazil-UK research planning workshop

Improving integration between Improving integration between urban and environmental policiesurban and environmental policiesThe case of green infrastructure – The case of green infrastructure –

Brazil & UKBrazil & UK

G OS and green infrastructure in urban areas

Green open spaces: parks – gardens – natural Green open spaces: parks – gardens – natural stream corridors – sportsfields - areas of ruderal stream corridors – sportsfields - areas of ruderal vegetation, inc. railway lines –etc.vegetation, inc. railway lines –etc.

Green Green infrastructureinfrastructure: network of connected : network of connected spacesspaces

Offered as a solution to multiple problems and Offered as a solution to multiple problems and challenges – can it be encouraged and promoted?challenges – can it be encouraged and promoted?

Purposes/aims listed for m-f green open spaces and green infrastructure

LondonLondon Quality of lifeQuality of life Surface water flood controlSurface water flood control Economic benefitsEconomic benefits Health benefitsHealth benefits BiodiversityBiodiversity RecreationRecreation

Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Conservation of biodiversity Conservation of biodiversity

and water resourcesand water resources Recreation opportunitiesRecreation opportunities

Adaptation to climate change : •urban cooling, water resources, •address high rainfall intensity and •counter urban creep

How to expand area of multi-functional green open space and green infrastructure

London/UKLondon/UK Govt. policyGovt. policy PlanningPlanning

– Green infrastructure Green infrastructure strategiesstrategies

– Planning policy statement Planning policy statement supportsupport

Funding: from developers?Funding: from developers? Community infrastructure Community infrastructure

levy?levy? Other sources? (unlikely)Other sources? (unlikely)

MRSPMRSP Laws (federal) and plans Laws (federal) and plans

(local) “incomplete and (local) “incomplete and insufficient”insufficient”

Obstacles and research response

LondonLondon

ObstaclesObstacles Institutional: ownership and Institutional: ownership and

responsibilities (maintenance, responsibilities (maintenance, etc.)etc.)

Funding problemsFunding problems

ResearchResearch EU, UK, regional bodies, EU, UK, regional bodies,

exploring approaches & exploring approaches & structuresstructures

MRSPMRSP

ObstaclesObstacles Urban land accessUrban land access Maintenance Maintenance

Research Research Research funding agencies, Research funding agencies,

exploring water resources exploring water resources management and CCmanagement and CC

Promising developments

LondonLondon All London Green GridAll London Green Grid Requirement for and Requirement for and

take-up of green roofstake-up of green roofs Standards for access to Standards for access to

green areasgreen areas Inclusion in local plansInclusion in local plans Establishment of Establishment of

partnershipspartnerships

MRSPMRSP

Urban parks Urban parks River Basin PlansRiver Basin Plans 100 linear parks planned 100 linear parks planned

along riversalong rivers PartnershipsPartnerships

RK’s “key questions” for the seminar

1) What are the main characteristics, drivers and limitations of the initiatives 1) What are the main characteristics, drivers and limitations of the initiatives under consideration?under consideration?

2) How do these initiatives relate to the main concern of this network for 2) How do these initiatives relate to the main concern of this network for enabling governance for sustainable and flexible urban futures?enabling governance for sustainable and flexible urban futures?

3) Does governance actually matter in the success or failure of these 3) Does governance actually matter in the success or failure of these initiatives?initiatives?

4) If it does then what are the emerging forms and patterns of governance 4) If it does then what are the emerging forms and patterns of governance that are most effective for developing and implementing policies for that are most effective for developing and implementing policies for economic growth, environmental sustainability, social inclusion and economic growth, environmental sustainability, social inclusion and poverty alleviation?poverty alleviation?

5) What other actions or interventions can governments (at different levels), 5) What other actions or interventions can governments (at different levels), private sector and civil society actors make to facilitate more sustainable private sector and civil society actors make to facilitate more sustainable and flexible urban futures in the fields under consideration?and flexible urban futures in the fields under consideration?

6) What are the key transferable or informative lessons for consideration 6) What are the key transferable or informative lessons for consideration across each country?across each country?

7) What are the conceptual and theoretical insights that can be drawn from 7) What are the conceptual and theoretical insights that can be drawn from exploring these issues across both countries?exploring these issues across both countries?

8) What are the key issues in each field that would need to be developed as 8) What are the key issues in each field that would need to be developed as part of a broader research agenda for addressing the main objectives of part of a broader research agenda for addressing the main objectives of this network? this network?

Drivers for GOS/GI

Social policySocial policy– Quality of lifeQuality of life– RecreationRecreation– Health benefitsHealth benefits

Environmental policyEnvironmental policy– Surface water flood controlSurface water flood control– Biodiversity enhancementBiodiversity enhancement

Economic policyEconomic policy– Economic benefits (Property values, jobs..)Economic benefits (Property values, jobs..)

Globalisation agenda?Globalisation agenda?– Population growth in urban areasPopulation growth in urban areas

Drivers

Social policySocial policy– Quality of lifeQuality of life– RecreationRecreation– Health benefitsHealth benefits

Environmental policyEnvironmental policy– Surface water flood controlSurface water flood control– Biodiversity enhancementBiodiversity enhancement– Water resources Water resources

Economic policyEconomic policy– Economic benefits (Property values, jobs..)Economic benefits (Property values, jobs..)

CC agenda,

M & A

Limitations

Governance: policies are there but limited actionGovernance: policies are there but limited action– Does governance actually matter in the success or failure of these Does governance actually matter in the success or failure of these

initiatives? (RK)initiatives? (RK) Access to land/ownership of landAccess to land/ownership of land Acceptability to stakeholdersAcceptability to stakeholders Role of stakeholdersRole of stakeholders Community supportCommunity support Funding issuesFunding issues

What other actions or interventions can governments (at different What other actions or interventions can governments (at different levels), private sector and civil society actors make to facilitate levels), private sector and civil society actors make to facilitate more sustainable and flexible urban futures in the fields under more sustainable and flexible urban futures in the fields under consideration? (RK)consideration? (RK)

Public engagement? Education and awareness?Public engagement? Education and awareness?

Proposed research areas

Explore the structural problems of urban society in BrazilExplore the structural problems of urban society in Brazil Review hierarchy of policies and plans for integration potential, Review hierarchy of policies and plans for integration potential,

and projectsand projects Public engagement approaches? (as in C-Change, from Sp. Plng. Public engagement approaches? (as in C-Change, from Sp. Plng.

for teenagers to Klimaroute)for teenagers to Klimaroute) Alternative approaches to ensuring implementation ?/ Alternative approaches to ensuring implementation ?/ Can the ALGG (see below) offer anything as a model for Can the ALGG (see below) offer anything as a model for

development of the SP linear parks?development of the SP linear parks?

ELGG to All London Green grid

In East London, there are 6 In East London, there are 6 areas and within these, over areas and within these, over 300 green infrastructure 300 green infrastructure projects to be delivered by projects to be delivered by public agencies or as an public agencies or as an integral part of developments. integral part of developments.

First phase: over 100 projects First phase: over 100 projects to push forward over the next to push forward over the next 3-5 years. 3-5 years.

Network for East London to be Network for East London to be anchored in the London anchored in the London Thames Gateway and a series Thames Gateway and a series of strategic walksof strategic walks

DCLG DCLG Thames Gateway Thames Gateway Parklands Parklands + Defra’s + Defra’s Greening Greening the Gateway the Gateway strategy strategy

Now being developed into theNow being developed into the ALL LONDON GREEN GRIDALL LONDON GREEN GRID

Framework Agreement SPG November 2006 for ELGG

Thank you.

Michael Jacobs, Adam Lent and Kevin Watkins (2003) An Agenda for Progressive Globalisation

The four key demands of the The four key demands of the Progressive Globalisation Progressive Globalisation agendaagenda are as follows: are as follows:

  An equitable system of global trade;An equitable system of global trade;   The regulation of economic activity for economic The regulation of economic activity for economic

stability and for the protection of workers, stability and for the protection of workers, consumers and the environment;consumers and the environment;

The establishment of global mechanisms for the The establishment of global mechanisms for the redistribution of income and wealth from rich nations and redistribution of income and wealth from rich nations and actors to poorer ones; andactors to poorer ones; and

The introduction of democratic legitimacy into the system The introduction of democratic legitimacy into the system of global governance.of global governance.

MRSP linear parks