Brain Computer Interface PPT

PRESENTATION ON

BRAIN-COMPUTER

INTERFACE (BCI)

BY- DEVENDRA SINGH TOMAR

(0904EC111038)

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS BCI

HISTORY OF BCI

BASIC COMPONENTS OF BCI

TECHNIQUES- (a)INVASIVE TECHNIQUE

(b)NON-INVASIVE TECHNIQUE

BCI APPLICATION-(a)NON-MEDICAL APPLICATION

(b) MEIDCAL APPLICATIONS

DRAWBACKS & INNOVATORS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

• For generations, humans have fantasized about the ability to

communicate and interact with machines.

• The ability to communicate with the human brain is made possible

through the use of sensors that can monitor some of the physical

processes that occur within the brain that correspond with certain

forms of thought.

• Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) is a developing field that has been

adding this new dimension of functionality to HCI (Human Computer

Interaction).

WHAT IS BCI

A Brain–Computer Interface (BCI), often called a Mind-Machine

Interface (MMI), is a direct communication pathway between the brain

and an external device.

HISTORY OF BCI

• Wolpaw and colleagues, 40 years later, in the 1970s, researchers were

able to develop primitive control systems based on electrical activity

recorded from the head.

• The Pentagon's Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency‘s

(DARPA) research conducted by George Lawrence and coworkers,

focused on developing techniques to improve the performance of

soldiers in tasks that had high mental loads, expanded its focus

toward a more general field of biocybemetics, whose goal was to

explore the possibility of controlling devices through the real-time

computerized processing of any biological signal.

• American scientist Peter Brunner composed a message simply by

concentrating on a display At the European Research and Innovation

Exhibition in Paris in June 2006.

BASIC COMPONENTS OF BCI

TECHNIQUES

(a) INVASIVE TECHNIQUE

(b) NON-INVASIVE TECHNIQUE

BCI APPLICATION

(a) NON-MEDICAL APPLICATION:

(i) DEVICE CONTROL

(ii) USER STATE MODELLING

(iii) EVALUATION

(iv) TRAINING

(v) GAMING AND ENTERTAINMENT

(vi) COGNITIVE IMPROVEMENT

(vii) SAFETY & SECURITY

(B) MEDICAL APPLICATIONS

DRAWBACKS & INNOVATORS

(a) DRAWBACKS:

• Brain neuron’s signals are not always in electrical form, they involved

chemical processes as well, which EEG can’t pick up on.

• The signal is weak and prone to interference.

• The equipment is less portable.

(b) INNOVATORS:

• Neural Signals is developing technology to restore speech to disabled people.

• NASA has researched a similar system, although it reads electric signals from

the nerves in the mouth and throat area, rather than directly from the brain.

• Cyberkinetics Neurotechnology Systems is marketing the BrainGate.

• Japanese researchers have developed a preliminary BCI that allows the user to

control their avatar in the online world Second Life.

CONCLUSION

Continuation and acceleration of recent progress in BCI research and

development requires increased focus on the production of peer-

reviewed research articles in high quality journals, identification and

widespread presentations and from media attention. For the near future,

research funding will depend primarily on public agencies and private

foundations that fund research directed at the needs of those with severe

motor disabilities. With further increases in speed, accuracy, and range

of applications, BCI technology could become applicable to larger

populations and could thereby engage the interest and resources of

private industry.

REFERENCES

1. Niels Birbaumer, P. Hunter Backham, “Brain Computer Interface Technology: A Review of First International Meeting”, IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering, Vol.8, No.2, June 2000.

2. Anirudh Vallabhaneni, Tao Wang, “Brain Computer Interface”, University of Illinois, Chicago, 2005.

3. Haider Hussein Alwaiti, Ishak Aris, “Brain Computer Interface Design & Applications: Challenges & Future”, World Applied Journal 11, 2010.

4. Jan B. F. Vanerp, Fabien Lotte, “Brain-Computer Interfaces for Non-Medical Applications: How to Move Forward”, Computer-IEEE Computer Society-45, April 2012.

5. http://computer.howstuffworks.com/brain-computer-interface.htm

6. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain–computer_interface

7. www.braincomputerinterface.com/