1 BRAILLE COMMUNICATOR AN INTERNSHIP PROJECT REPORT Submitted by SHAIK ABDUL SAMEER (2016105065) HARSHA VARDHAN BC (2016105535) MANOJ KUMAR S (2016105549) SRIRAM N (2016105594) for the summer internship course of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING in ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING GUINDY ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600 025 MAY 2018
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1
BRAILLE COMMUNICATOR
AN INTERNSHIP PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
SHAIK ABDUL SAMEER (2016105065)
HARSHA VARDHAN BC (2016105535)
MANOJ KUMAR S (2016105549)
SRIRAM N (2016105594)
for the summer internship course
of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING GUINDY
ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600 025
MAY 2018
2
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING GUINDY
ANNA UNIVERSITY :: CHENNAI 600 025
MAY 2018
INTERNSHIP CERTIFICATE
Certified that this project report “ BRAILLE COMMUNICATOR”
is the internship work of SHAIK ABDUL SAMEER
(2016105065), HARSHA VARDHAN BC (2016105535), MANOJ
KUMAR S (2016105549), SRIRAM N (2016105594) who carried out
the project work under my supervision from 7th May, 2018 to 31st May,
2018.
DR. S. MUTTAN
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
Professor
ECE Department
College of Engineering Guindy
Anna University, Chennai – 25.
DR. D. SRIDHARAN
CO-ORDINATOR
Professor
ECE Department
College of Engineering Guindy
Anna University Chennai - 25
DR. N. RAMADOSS
SUPERVISOR
Associate Professor
ECE Department
College of Engineering Guindy
Anna University Chennai - 25
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and assistance from
many people and we are extremely privileged to have got this all along the
completion of this project. All that we have done is only due to such supervision
and assistance and we would not forget to thank them.
We respect and thank our Dean Dr. T.V.Geetha for providing us with this
Summer Internship opportunity as it was a great learning experience for all of
us.
We respect and thank the Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering and Dr.Muttan the HOD, Department of ECE, for providing us the
infrastructure for the completion of our internship project.
We thank Dr.D.Sridharan for coordinating us through out the internship
programme and for guiding us to optimise our project.
We owe our deep gratitude to our project guide and coordinator Dr.N.Ramadass,
who took keen interest on our project work and guided us all along, till the
completion of our project work by providing all the necessary information for
developing a good system.
Shaik Abdul Sameer
Harsha Vardhan BC
Manoj Kumar S
Sriram N
4
ABSTRACT
This thesis presents a communicator that helps the visually
challenged people to communicate among others. The GSM module
used here receives the text message sent by the people to the user. The
sim card of the user is put into the sim card slot and booted up. The data
is then processed by the microcontroller (Arduino). It converts the
English alphabets into Braille language and then sends the output to the
L298 motor driver. This driver is used to drive the solenoids that
represents a single braille cell. A cell consists of six solenoids. These
solenoids are connected to two drivers. Drivers and GSM module are
powered by 12V DC adapter. Once the power is connected, the GSM
module takes 5 to 10 seconds to boot up. Then it starts to scan for any
received signal.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO. TITLE PAGE NO.
ABSTRACT 4
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
1. OVERVIEW 8
1.1 Introduction 8
1.2 Objective of This Project 8
2. ARDUINO 9
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 Features of Arduino UNO 11
2.3 Pin Description 12
3. GSM MODULE 13
3.1 Introduction 15
3.2 GSM Architecture 16
3.3 Features and specifications 18
3.3.1 Specifications 18
3.3.2 Specifications for data 18
6
6. RECEIVING SMS & CONVERTING TO BRAILLE 26
6.1 Introduction 26
6.2 Interfacing SIM900A with Arduino Uno 26
6.3 Converting text to Braille 27
7. IMPLEMENTATION 28
7.1 Block diagram of Electronic setup 28
8. RESULT & CONCLUSION 29
8.1 Results 29
8.2 Accuracy 30
8.3 Conclusion 31
REFERENCES
4.
SOLENOID 20
4.1 Introduction 20
4.2 Working 21
5. L298 DRIVER 23
5.1 Introduction 23
5.2 Internal circuit diagram and applications 24
5.3 General specifications 25
7
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Arduino Uno 10
Figure 3.1 GSM Pulse Graph 14
Figure 3.2 GSM Module 15
Figure 3.3
GSM Architecture 17
Figure 3.4
Structure of GSM Network 19
Figure 4.1 Magnetic Flux 20
Figure 4.2 Braille Cell 21
Figure 4.3 Solenoid Cell 22
Figure 5.1 L298 Driver 23
Figure 5.2 Internal Circuit Diagram of L298 24
Figure 6.1 Interfacing GSM with Arduino 26
Figure 6.2 Braille Alphabets 27
Figure 7.1 Block Diagram of Electronic Setup 28
Figure 8.1 Complete Circuit Diagram 29
Figure 8.2 Final Setup 30
Figure 8.3 Working Model 30
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CHAPTER 1
OVERVIEW
1.1 INTRODUCTION
People who are completely blind or have impaired vision usually
have a difficult time navigating outside the spaces that they're accustomed to. In
fact, physical movement is one of the biggest challenges for blind people,
explains World Access for the Blind. Also, blind people must memorize the
location of every obstacle or item in their home environment. If a blind person
lives with others, each member of the household has to be diligently about
keeping walkways clear and all items in their designated locations. Blindness
can cause significant social challenges, typically because there are activities in
which blind people can't easily participate. Frequently, blindness impacts a
person’s ability to perform many job functions, which can limit their career
options, according to the World Health Organization. This may adversely affect
their finances, and their self-esteem. Blindness may also cause difficulties when
participating in activities outside of the workplace, such as sports and
recreational activities. This can limit the blind person’s ability to socialize and
meet new people, affecting their emotional health.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THIS PROJECT
The objective of this project is to develop an efficient model for the
blind people to communicate. The Arduino code effectively functions and the
message is successfully translated to Braille language.
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CHAPTER 2
ARDUINO
2.1 Introduction
Arduino is an open source computer hardware and software
company, project, and user community that designs and manufactures single-
board microcontrollers and microcontroller kits for building digital devices and
interactive objects that can sense and control objects in the physical and digital
world. The project's products are distributed as open-source hardware and
software, which are licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License
(LGPL) or the GNU General Public License (GPL), permitting the manufacture
of Arduino boards and software distribution by anyone. Arduino boards are
available commercially in preassembled form, or as do-it-yourself (DIY) kits.
Arduino board designs use a variety of microprocessors and controllers. The
boards are equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that
may be interfaced to various expansion boards or Breadboards (shields) and
other circuits. The boards feature serial communications interfaces, including
Universal Serial Bus (USB) on some models, which are also used for loading
programs from personal computers. The microcontrollers are typically
programmed using a dialect of features from the programming languages C and
C++. In addition to using traditional compiler toolchains, the Arduino project
provides an integrated development environment (IDE) based on the Processing
language project.
The Arduino project started in 2003 as a program for students at the Interaction
Design Institute Ivrea in Ivrea, Italy, aiming to provide a low-cost and easy way
for novices and professionals to create devices that interact with their