1) Preface
Computer is fast emerging as a daily need in walks of life. The
knowledge of computers and programming language has become
basicSkill need to service in todays information based society.
Every businessInstitution and the corporate section, make a use of
computer for making their operation efficient & effective.
Book distributors transaction handling is one of the complex
process and it required computerized system to maintain overall
transactions in an easier manner. Due to heavy demand of books in
these competitive worlds, data increase so much. Books shop
required up to date information about the customer who purchased
books or about the suppliers from where books are purchased. The
books shop requires large amount of data to record and to store,
which are collected from the Book House.
A Book Shop Management system is basically for management of
incoming and outgoing material from the Book shop It also maintain
management of all incoming and outgoing finance from the Shop
account section. It will reduce paper work & work load of user.
To reduce the Paper work and provide fast service to customers. The
main objective is to provide the customers fast and error free
transaction. It can be used in any Book Shop for maintaining
database details and their quantities. This system is used for
handle user needs. It must be outgoing process to know requirements
of customer during whole system development life cycle
Following are some of the inputs to the Book Shop:Book Details
Quantities of Books Customer Details Sale Details
Quantities of the products System will help to produce following
outputs :Customer bill receipt Rate List Current Quantities of the
products Various Reports sales, stock, customers etc.
2) System Analysis Before developing any new system anywhere, it
is imperative upon the developers to acquaint themselves with
environment in which the proposed system would be installed. Also,
it is necessary to interact with the user regarding their demands
and the resources available with them. This gives a clear overview
of the improvements wanted and to be provided. The study and
analysis of the proposed system was carried out diligently under
the guidance of experts of the organization. In the existing
system, all the work is being carried out manually. Computers
available are just for typing in the excel sheets. Besides him, we
have checked an earlier package being done in FoxPro and the
reports created in Excel sheets for more hints.
2.1 Current system The book shop contains different types of
books of various subjects with various quality according to the
customers needs and requirement. The main thing of the book shop is
to maintain lot of records for the daily transaction of the
business. It is necessary for every business to maintain all
records, which show the profit and loss of the business.
In todays life people have very little time and many things To
do. They have to manage all this unbalance workload, although
everyone wants to achieve all their ambitions and dreams. And the
present system of managing Books is very time consuming so it is
very difficult to maintain good records and fast service. The paper
work is becoming very difficult to handle day by day. Currently we
have to keep track of each and every thing about the book shop on
the paper or in register. We have to maintain lot of registers to
enter these large volumes of data.
This leads to the wastage of stationary. Some disadvantages
are:
Manual system involves a lot of paper work, so it becomes
time-consuming and costly.
The chances of errors in calculation of delivery of Books are
more in the current manual system. The calculation of total
collection for day or month or year is very difficult.
Currently no security is provided to the large amount of data of
the every book details. It becomes very difficult to maintain
details of every Book as records increases day by day
2.2 Proposed system While creating new software we should
analyze what is the basic need of the software. Analysis is nothing
but a planning of creation of software to get proper output from
it. Analysis is details study of systems that you want to show in
your software solving problems. The basic need of the software is
to save the time of the user with the help of all useful
information. And also to maintain the collection of data in your
computer systematically, so that its easy to understand. The
proposed system provides lot of facility to the user to store
information of the Books and it provides information in quick time
in a systematic manner.
The processing time on the data is very fast. It provides
required data quickly to the user and also in specified manner to
the user. All the information of Books changes is given to the user
and also the reports are also generated according to the
requirement of the user. Today it is becoming very difficult to
maintain record manually. This software system easily does the job
of maintaining daily records as well as the transaction according
to the user requirements.
Some advantages are :User Friendly software Easy to record all
data about the Books and its details It saves time of the user as
well as prevent paper work It provides the security to the database
that is large amount of important data of the Book ShopIt provides
more reliability for keeping information.
2.3 Requirement Analysis Identifying needs is the first step
while designing a system and implementation. This is the way to
handle user needs, it must be an outgoing process to know
requirements of customer during whole system development life
cycle. During this phase the main things to be considered are got
by placing meetings and questionnaires with customer. Requirements
found during all the stages proposed system development are How the
present system work. Time take to operate the system. List of
contents associated with the system. Error/failure rate to be
acceptable. Risk factors involved. Proprietary aspects, liability
risks, potential infringement, and political issues to consider.
Human-machine and machine-machine communication. Interfacing with
external environment .
2.4 Feasibility study Depending on the results of the initial
investigation the survey is now expanded to a more detailed
feasibility study. FEASIBILITYSTUDY is a test of system proposal
according to its workability, impact of the organization, ability
to meet needs and effective use of the resources. It focuses on
these major questions: 1.What are the users demonstrable needs and
how does a candidate system meet them? 2. What resources are
available for given candidate system? 3. What are the likely
impacts of the candidate system on the organization? 4. Whether it
is worth to solve the problem? During feasibility analysis for this
system, following primary areas of interest are to be considered.
Investigation and generating ideas about a new system does
this.
Steps in feasibility analysis eight steps involved in the
feasibility analysis are: Form a system team and appoint a system
leader. Prepare system flowcharts. Enumerate potential proposed
system. Define and identify characteristics of proposed system.
Determine and evaluate performance and cost effective of each
proposed system. Weight system performance and cost data. Select
the best-proposed system. Prepare and report final system directive
to management.
Feasibility study is the procedure to identify, describe the
evaluate candidate system and select the best possible action for
the job. The initial investigation culminated in a proposal
summarized the thinking of the analyst, was presented to the user
for review. The proposal initiated a feasible study to describe and
evaluate the best system to choose in terms of economical,
technical and behavioural constraints.
The terms constraints involved in feasibility analysis are- o
Technical o Economical o Operational o Behavioral
2.4.1 Technical Feasibility A study of resource availability
that may affect the ability to achieve an acceptable system. This
evaluation determines whether the technology needed for the
proposed system is available or not. Can the work for the system be
done with current equipment existing software technology &
available personal? Can the system be upgraded if developed? If new
technology is needed then what can be developed? This is concerned
with specifying equipment and software that will successfully
satisfy the user requirement. The technical needs of the system may
include:
Front-end and back-end selection :An important issue for the
development of a system is the selection of suitable front-end and
back-end. When we decided to develop the system we went through an
extensive study to determine the most suitable platform that suits
the needs of the organization as well as helps in development of
the system. The aspects of our study included the following
factors.
Front-End selection :1. It must have a graphical user interface
that assists employees that are not from IT background. 2.
Scalability and extensibility. 3. Flexibility. 4. Robustness. 5.
According to the organization requirement and the culture. 6. Must
provide excellent reporting features with good printing support. 7.
Platform independent. 8. Easy to debug and maintain. 9. Event
driven programming facility. 10. Front-end must support some
popular back end like MS Access. According to the above stated
features we selected Java 1.6 as the front-end for developing our
system.
Back-End Selection :1. Multiple user support. 2. Efficient data
handling. 3. Provide inherent features for security. 4. Efficient
data retrieval and maintenance. 5. Stored procedures. 6.
Popularity. 7. Operating System compatible. 8. Easy to install. 9.
Various drivers must be available. 10. Easy to implant with the
Front-end.
According to above stated features we selected MS-Access as the
backend. The technical feasibility is frequently the most difficult
area encountered at this stage. It is essential that the process of
analysis and definition be conducted in parallel with an assessment
to technical feasibility. It centres on the existing computer
system (hardware, software etc.) and to what extent it can support
the proposed system
2.4.2 Economic Feasibility Economic justification is generally
the Bottom Line consideration for most systems. Economic
justification includes abroad range of concerns that includes cost
benefit analysis. In this we weight the cost and the benefits
associated with the candidate system
And if it suits the basic purpose of the organization i.e.
profit making, the system is making to the analysis and design
phase.
The financial and the economic questions during the preliminary
investigation are verified to estimate the following: The cost to
conduct a full system investigation. The cost of hardware and
software for the class of application being considered. The
benefits in the form of reduced cost. The proposed system will give
the minute information, as a result the performance is improved
which in turn may be expected to provide increased .
2.4.3 Operational Feasibility It is mainly related to human
organizations and political aspects.The points to be considered
are: What changes will be brought with the system? What
organization structures are disturbed? What new skills will be
required?
Do the existing staff members have these skills? If not, can
they be trained in due course of time? The system is operationally
feasible as it very easy for the End-users to operate it. It only
needs basic information about Windows platform.
2.4.4 Behavioural Feasibility After considering the following
point that the system is behaviorally feasible. The system is
carried out on the request of the users. To a greater extent, the
proposed system aims at maximizing user friendliness. This is
intended to overcome resistance to change by the exiting staff.
Users are quite experienced in handling the computerized system.
Users are aware of the software and hardware environment.
3) System Design
3.1 Context diagram
3.1.1 First Level DFD
3.1.2 Second Level DFD
3.1.3 Third Level DFD
4) Front-End and Back-End 4.1 About Visual Basic 6.0 Visual
Basic 6.0 is Microsoft latest and greatest version of the Visual
Basic programming language. Although writing programs can be a
tedious chore at times Visual Basic educes the efforts required on
your part and marks programming enjoyable About Visual Basic 6.0
Visual Basic marks many aspects of programming as simple as
dragging graphic object onto the screen with your mouse Even driven
programming Traditionally programming is essentially linear and is
based on the flow of the execution. Operation runs for fixed span
or until they reached a decision Point. At the decision point the
programming branches depending on the point to the program or the
status of various variable of the program. This operation continues
till the program is completed. Once the program execution starts it
is impossible to interrupt the activity. The programmer is
responsible for the structure looks and the flow of program. If the
programmer wants a good user interface, he has to explicitly write
the long and complex code for the user interface of the program. In
the conventional method the programs are usually written in a top
down manner. This may be done either using the structure
programming Approach i.e. by breaking up the program in to small
sections of independent Procedures or function or using a modular
approach i.e. by creating a program from a set of more or less
self-contained function and procedures. Theoretically, this makes a
possible to reuse the modules to be used in other programs. In
Practice, there are generally a very few routines that can be
reused without major Reworking. On this data is declared globally,
any function or procedure can Access the data, which might put it
at the mercy of any function or procedure. The likelihood of
incorrect data manipulation is high. If data is declared locally
only the procedure in which the data is safer, it is very
restricted. In object oriented programming, a method (the function
or procedure of an object) Know what data if can manipulate them.
There is no confusion about who control whom. Declaring object and
enclosing method and their data in a Class achieve this. General
procedures the kind use in structured programming cannot access
data with an object without using the object methods which are
designed to manipulate their data. In procedural program, the order
of procedure and control statement determines the program, flow of
control. This implies that the programmer knows the entire flow of
the program while he developed it. In program designed to capture
the essence of the dynamic world, this assumption is unrealistic
and cumbersome. Object oriented programming captures these logical
relationship in objectDetermines the flow of control in objects
clarify the communication along the Component of an application.
Object responds to the other objects. Massages move through the
system, not data. Instead of invoking a Function on some data like
in conventional programming method, a message is sent to object.
This is the principle of operation in windows, Visual Basic is
Object oriented, i.e. revolves around readymade objects, and it is
event driven, All the activity in program are Triggered by one
event or another. Each object also has its own event Handling
procedures. The Visual Basic system knows all about this already.
It knows what button is and how it work. It also knows how to
handle Menus dialogue boxes, drive and directory list and much
else. The Programmers job is to determine where, how and when an
object appears on the screen what it is to do. What is caption
reads what colorist would He end what happens, when an event
occurs. The events are trapped by the Execute, when the event
occurs. Because the program code run through event and as such at
any point a Whole range of event might be possible, the program
flow is not as fixed as in a Conventional program. Operations do
not have to follow a set if sequence, and Can be easily
interrupted, suspended or abandoned. The processes of program
Design reflex the nature of the system. One begins by creating the
screen layout, And work out words from here , adding first the code
that will run in response to Specific events and then any necessary
code to co-ordinate the whole program. This approach of programming
is called event driven programming. Programming terminology The
terminology that is used in Visual Basic programming are: o Forms o
Controls o Module o System o Procedures o Properties o Methods o
Events
Forms The form is the basic object used in Visual Basic
application development. It is a window, initially black on which
controls are placed to create the screen display. The forms size,
colors type reprogrammable. Code can be attached to the form, which
would be executed when the form is loaded, closed or when the mouse
is clicked or moved on the form. A simple application may use only
one form but a complex application may use many form activated by
various controls pasted on the form. Each of the form on the
application is saved in the Disk as separate file with an extension
Form Controls .These are objects which can be pasted on to a form
and these Controls range from simple labels, which are used to
display text on the screen on Form, or picture boxes for buttons,
check boxes, list and other menus, to file management utilities and
spreadsheet style grids. Their properties, and event they can
handle, very to suit their nature. Each control can have coed
Attached to it, though not all will have. A text label or graphic
image, for ex. May be There simply to improve the display, and not
as the start point for any activities. Module Code that is attached
to form is accessible from anywhere on that Form, but a program
more than one form. In such a case a code attached to a form. In
such case a code attached to a form is not available to the other
forms. In this case, the code that is required to be made available
to the other forms is written in a separate module. Modules are
code segments, which are not written inside the scope of any form.
They have global scope. These cannot be made visible during run
time. It is like any other program code. There may be several
modules in one program and each is saved as separate file. These
Files have an extension of BAS, because these are BASIC code
modules.
Procedure All the code in the visual basic program is written in
the forms of procedure, or subroutines. Most of these procedures
will be attached to the event some controls or forms. Some of the
procedures would be separately written inside the modules as global
functions. All the procedures start with keyword Sub and close with
the keyword End Sub. SystemThe system is a file in which all the
form files (*.frm files) and the modules (*.bas files) that make up
the entire application, is kept. These Have an extension of * .Mac.
They are called Make file thus any Application will have a *.
vbpfile. Properties Each control has a set of predefined
properties, method and events that it will respond to. Properties
are simply characteristics of an object or control. They are used
to store data describes some particular attribute of the object
such as color, size or the picture present in a control. The one
property that every object must have is the Name property. This is
used to refer to the object must be unique in a system. Visual
Basic assign default name to control when you add them to your
form, but you can alter these at design time (and you should alter
them at design time) to make Your code more descriptive. Note that
you cant change a controls Name property at run time, and These
wont appear in the properties Window .Properties can be set at
design time using the properties window or they can be set and
reference within your Visual Basic code. Properties are reference
in the form of object name. Property and in some respect you can
think of them like a variable. You can assign a value to a property
Just as you assign a value to a variable. Here we assign the text
string John smith to text property of the object called Text1:
Text1.text= john smith Just as with variable, properties can also
be used as part of other statement: Print your name is:
Text1.text
Methods Methods are action that can be performing on an object.
These are like procedures. They are written in code in the form
object name. Method parameters for e. forms have a move method that
moves them to the procedure specified by the parameter. In this
case, the top left of the form would be move screen coordinates
(370,915) asForm1.move 30,915When you referred to the property or
method of an object that resides in a form other than oneform which
you are refereeing it , you will need to give it a fully qualified
reference. These means preceding name of the object with the name
of the form like this:FormName.ObjectName.property This sort of
reference to an object can be extended in the case of OLE
application to include the name of the system before the name of
The form. If you dont supply a fully qualified reference, Visual
Basic assumes that you are referring to the system and form in
which you are making the reference.
Events Events are the key to Visual Basic programming each
object in the Visual Basic can be respond to a predefined set of
events. These would-be movement of the mouse, the pressing of the
key on the keyboard or The lapsing the particular period of time.
You can see which events control can respond to by adding controls
to your form and double-clicking it to bring up the code window.
The procedure dropdown list box in the top right corner of the code
window contains a list of all the events that a control can respond
to. If you select one of the item in the list box, the first and
last lines of a procedure are added to your code. Thisproce4dure
will be triggered whenever that particular event occurs, so any
code that you add to the procedure will be executed at the
sometime. This is how you create Visual Basic code to respond to
user interaction and other events.
4.2 About Microsoft Access Access is database program and it is
very popular RDBMS (Relational Database Management System)
Software. We can use access database to stores almost any
information when purpose of application is to allow voluminous data
to be stored in computer and permit quires to be made to find
needed data with the little effort. Access is powerful database and
is for ease with which you can use it. Using Access you can built
relationship between tables that contain different fields to pull
together reports. Our primary navigation tool in access is that
database windows tabs on database window whichGive access to each
object contained in the current database it contains tables,
queries, forms, reports, macros, modules etc.
Database A database is files in which you store data include all
the major objects related to the stored data; including objects you
define to automate the use of your data. In other database systems,
the term database used to refer to only those files in which you
store data. Here is a summary of the major objects in an Access
database. Table An object you define and use to store data. Each
table contains information about a particular subject, such as
customers or orders. Table contains Fields (or columns) that store
different kinds of data, such as a name or an address, and, Records
(or rows) that collect all the information about a particular
instance of the subject. E.g. All the information about a company
You can define a primary key (one or more fields that have a unique
value for each record) and, one or more indexes on each table to
help retrieve your data more quickly. Query Query in an object that
provides a custom view of data from one or more tables. In Access,
you can use the graphical query by example (QBE) facility or you
can write SQL statements to create your queries. You can define
queries to select, update, insert, or delete data. You can also
define queries that create new tables from data in one or more
existing tables. Form An object designed primarily for data input
or display or for control; of application execution. You use forms
to customize the presentation of data that your application
extracts for queries or tables. You can also print forms. You can
design a form to run a macro or a Visual Basic procedure in
response to any of a number of events- for example, to run a
procedure when the value of data changes.
Report An object designed for formatting, calculating, printing,
and summarizing selected data. You can view a report on your screen
before you print it.
5) System Design Software design is an actually a multi-step
process that focuses on four distinct attributes of program namely
data structure, software architecture, interface representation and
procedural details. The design process translates requirements into
a representation of the software that can be assessed for quality
before code generation begins. The design is documented and is part
of the software configuration. Code Generation The design must be
translated into a machine readable form. The code generation steps
perform this task. Testing The testing process focuses on the
logical internals of the software assuring that all statements have
been tested and on the functional externals that is conducting
tests to uncover errors and ensure that defined input will produce
actual results that agree with required. Maintenance Software will
undoubtedly undergo changes after it is delivered to the
customer.
1) Login Table UID & PWD for authentication login
2) Books Table Book Information
3) Cat Table Book Categories Information
1) Customers Table Customer Information
2) Bills Table Bills Information
3) Bill Details Table Bill Item Details Information
6) Documentation 6.1 User Manual Login Process Start program and
enter user name and password in the boxes and press ok button View
Existing Bills/Sale Details o Start the program and login o Press
the Sales Button or Select View\Edit Details from Sales Menu o
Select Bill No. you want to view from list
Edit Existing Bills o From the Main Screen Press the Sales
Button or Select View\Edit Details from Sales Menu o Select Bill
No. you want to edit from list o Click on edit button at the bottom
o Make changes add\delete books from bill and click Ok button
Delete Existing Bills o From the Main Screen Press the Sales
Button or Select View\Edit Details from Sales Menu o Select Bill
No. you want to edit from list o Confirm delete operation Add New
Bills o From the Main Screen Press the Sales Button or Select
View\Edit Details from Sales Menu o Press Add button at the bottom
o Select Existing customer from list or Enter Details for new
customer o Enter other details and Add Books to bill o Confirm
Discount and Amount Received from customer o Press OK button
Books Operations o From the Main screen Press Books Button or
Select View\Edit from Books Menu o Select Book from list which
details you want
Edit Details of Books o From the Main screen Press Books Button
or Select View\Edit from Books Menu o Select Book from list which
details you want to edit o Press Edit Details Button at the Bottom
o Make Changes o Press OK Button
Delete Book o From the Main screen Press Books Button or Select
View\Edit from Books Menu o Select Book from list which details you
want to edit o Press Delete Book Button at the Bottom o Confirm
Operation
Add New Book o From the Main screen Press Books Button or Select
View\Edit from Books Menu o Select Book from list which details you
want to edit o Press Add Book Button at the Bottom o Enter Details
o Press OK Button
Customers Operation o From the Main screen Press Books Button or
Select View\Edit from Customers Menu o Select Customer from list
which details you want
Edit Details of Customers o From the Main screen Press Customers
Button or Select View\Edit from Customers Menu o Select Customer
from list which details you want to edit o Press Edit Button at the
Bottom o Make Changes o Press OK Button Delete Customer o From the
Main screen Press Customers Button or Select View\Edit from
Customers Menu o Select Customer from list which details you want
to edit o Press Delete Button at the Bottom o Confirm Operation Add
New Customer o From the Main screen Press Customers Button or
Select View\Edit from Customers Menu o Select Customer from list
which details you want to edit o Press Add Button at the Bottom o
Enter Details o Press OK Button
Reports Stock Report o From the Main screen Press Reports Button
or Select Stock Report from Reports Menu o Press Stock Report
Button
Sales Report o From the Main screen Press Reports Button or
Select Sales Report from Reports Menu o Press Sales Report
Button
Customer Details Report o From the Main screen Press Reports
Button or Select Customer List from Reports Menu o Press Customer
List Button
Books Report o From the Main screen Press Reports Button or
Select Books List from Reports Menu o Press Books List Button
Inventory Operations o From the Main screen Press Inventory Button
or Select Order Entry from Inventory Menu o Press Order Entry o
Select Book From List o Enter Quantity of Order to be added to
Inventory o Press OK
Adjust Quantity o From the Main screen Press Inventory Button or
Select Adjust Quantity from Inventory Menu o Press Adjust Quantity
o Enter New Stock value o Press OK
View All Sold Inventory o From the Main screen Press Inventory
Button or Select Show All Sold from Inventory Menu o Press Show All
Sold
Logout Process o From the Main screen Press Logout Button or
Select Logout from File Menu
7) Future Scope and Limitation This software has demands in
private and public area. This software provides a great help in
managing the data in a well-mannered order. This system is designed
specially to maintain the data in a sequential manner and to save
the tome and efforts of database Administrator. The system is
structured according to todays need. Due to time constraint it is
possible that some points might remain uncovered by us. In future
we will update our software to give valuable information left at
present. Though the system has been designed according to the
requirements of the users it has its own limitation.
Thus the limitation of system are- No facility to create new
users with different roles Object oriented Approach has been not
been fully utilized.
8) References
Books:Fundamentals of software Engineering Rajib MallSoftware
Engineering Rogers S. PressmanSystem Analysis and Design James A.
SennStructured System analysis and Design - Madhulika Jain
Websites: www.google.com www.freetutes.com
www.freevbcode.comwww.Altavista.comwww.scribd.comwww.tutorialspoint.comwww.wikipedia.com
Page | 45