Book Report On

8/3/2019 Book Report On

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Book Report on:

GOOGLE

STORY


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PREFACE

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GOOGLE STORY

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CERTIFICATE

Certified that the report on GOOGLE STORY submitted by students of second

year of the course Electronics as a practical fulfillment of the subject

PRESENTATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUES for the academic year

2011-2012.

Date: ____________

Signature


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Prepared by:

Jyoti reddy

Komal diwani

Ravina kalro

Heena khilnani

Deepa lakhyani

Karan sadhawana

Vikas rohra

Hiten pahilwani

Sailesh jain

Mrugank joshi

Sagar bhawnani


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Topics covered

y Introduction to Google.

y Google history.

y Features.

y Evolution of Gmail.

y How Google makes money.

y Life at Google

y Some facts

y Google Android

y urrent Affairs

y onclusion

y Bibliography


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Introduction

Google is an American multinational public corporation invested in Internet search, cloudcomputing, and advertising technologies. Google hosts and develops a number of Internet-based

services and products,and generates profit primarily from advertising through its Ad

Words program. The company was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, often dubbed the

"Google Guys" while the two were attending Stanford University as PhD candidates.

It was first incorporated as a privately held company on September 4, 1998, and its initial public

offering followed on August 19, 2004. At that time Larry Page, Sergey Brin, and Eric Schmidt

agreed to work together at Google for twenty years, until the year 2024.The company's mission

statement from the outset was "to organize the world's information and make it universally

accessible and useful", and the company's unofficial slogan coined by Google engineer Amit

Patel[13] and supported by Paul Buchheit is "Don't be evil". In 2006, the company moved to its

current headquarters inMountain View, California.

Google's rapid growth since its incorporation has triggered a chain of products, acquisitions, and

partnerships beyond the company's coreweb search engine. The company offers online

productivity software, such as itsGmail email service, and social networking tools,

including Orkut and, more recently,Google Buzz and Google+. Google's products extend to the

desktop as well, with applications such as the web browserGoogle Chrome, the Picasa photo

organization and editing software, and the Google Talkinstant messaging application. Google

leads the development of the Android mobile operating system, used on a number of phones such

as the Motorola Droid and the Samsung Galaxy smartphone series', as well as the new GoogleChrome OSbest known as the main operating system on the Cr-48 and also, since 15 June 2011,

on commercial Chromebooks such as the Samsung Series andAcer AC700.


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It has been estimated that Google runs over one million servers in data centers around the

world,[19] and processes over one billion search requests and about twenty-four petabytes of

user-generated data every day Alexa lists the main U.S.-focused google.com site as the Internet's

most visited website, and numerous international Google sites (google.co.in(14) is the most

visited site in India, google.co.uk in the U.K, etc.) are in the top hundred, as are several other

Google-owned sites such as YouTube (Alexa:3), Blogger (Alexa:6), and OrkutGoogle also ranks

number two in the BrandZ brand equity database. The dominant market position of Google's

services has led to criticism of the company over issues including privacy, copyright,

andcensorship.

Since 2001, Google has acquired many companies, mainly focusing on small venture capital

companies. In 2004, Google acquired Keyhole, Inc The start-up company developed a product

called Earth Viewer that gave a three-dimensional view of the Earth. Google renamed the service

to Google Earth in 2005. Two years later, Google bought the online video site YouTube for

$1.65 billion in stock. On April 13, 2007, Google reached an agreement to

acquire DoubleClick for $3.1 billion, giving Google valuable relationships that DoubleClick had

with Web publishers and advertising agencies. Later that same year, Google

purchased GrandCentral for $50 million. The site would later be changed over to Google Voice.

On August 5, 2009, Google bought out its first public company, purchasing video software

maker On2 Technologies for $106.5 million. Google also acquired Aardvark, a social network

search engine, for $50 million, and commented on its internal blog, "we're looking forward to

collaborating to see where we can take it". In April 2010, Google announced it had acquired a

hardware startup, Agnilux.

In addition to the many companies Google has purchased, the company has partnered with other

organizations for everything from research to advertising. In 2005, Google partnered

with NASA Ames Research Center to build 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m2) of offices. The

offices would be used for research projects involving large-scale datamanagement, nanotechnology, distributed computing, and the entrepreneurial space industry.

Google entered into a partnership with Sun Microsystems in October 2005 to help share and

distribute each other's technologies. The company also partnered with AOL of Time Warner, to

enhance each other's video search services. Google's 2005 partnerships also included financing

the new .mobi top-level domain for mobile devices, along with other companies


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including Microsoft, Nokia, and Ericsson. Google would later launch "Adsense for Mobile",

taking advantage of the emerging mobile advertising market. Increasing its advertising reach

even further, Google and Fox Interactive Media of News Corporation entered into a $900 million

agreement to provide search and advertising on popular social networking site MySpace.]

In October 2006, Google announced that it had acquired the video-sharing site YouTube for

US$1.65 billion in Google stock, and the deal was finalized on November 13, 2006. Google does

not provide detailed figures for YouTube's running costs, and YouTube's revenues in 2007 were

noted as "not material" in a regulatory filing. In June 2008, a Forbes magazine article projected

the 2008 YouTube revenue at US$200 million, noting progress in advertising sales. In 2007,

Google began sponsoring NORAD Tracks Santa, a service that follows Santa Claus' progress on

Christmas Eve, using Google Earth to "track Santa" in 3-D for the first time, and displacing

former sponsor AOL. Google-owned YouTube gave NORAD Tracks Santa its own channel.


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History

Google began in January 1996 as a research project by Larry Page and Sergey Brin when they

were both PhD students at Stanford University in California.

While conventional search engines ranked results by counting how many times the search terms

appeared on the page, the two theorized about a better system that analyzed the relationships

between websites. They called this new technology PageRank, where a website's relevance was

determined by the number of pages, and the importance of those pages, that linked back to the

original site.

A small search engine called "RankDex" from IDD Information Services designed by Robin

Li was, since 1996, already exploring a similar strategy for site-scoring and page ranking. Thetechnology in RankDex would be patented] and used later when Li founded Baidu in

China.[36][37]

Page and Brin originally nicknamed their new search engine "BackRub", because the system

checked backlinks to estimate the importance of a site.

Eventually, they changed the name to Google, originating from a misspelling of the word

"googol", the number one followed by one hundred zeros, which was picked to signify that the

search engine wants to provide large quantities of information for people. Originally, Google ran

under the Stanford University website, with the domain google.stanford.edu.[

The domain name for Google was registered on September 15, 1997, and the company was

incorporated on September 4, 1998. It was based in a friend's (Susan Wojcicki) garage in Menlo

Park, California. Craig Silverstein, a fellow PhD student at Stanford, was hired as the first

employee.

In May 2011, unique visitors of Google surpassed 1 billion mark for the first time, an 8.4 percent

increase from a year ago with 931 million unique visitors


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Aboutthe Founders

Larry Page

y Born on March 26, 1973.

y CEO of GOOGLE

y Personal wealth estimated at $ 18.7 Billion

Sergey Bri

n

y Born on August 21, 1973.

y Co-founder and President Technology of GOOGLE

y At $ 18.5 Billion making him the 26th

richest person in the world along with

Larry Page.

INVESTORS

y Andy Bech

y Cheriton

y David Cheriton (school professor).

y Andy Bechtolsheim (legendry Investor).

y Google Inc. ($1,00,000).

y Moores Law.


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In March 1999, the company moved its offices to Palo Alto, California, home to several other

noted Silicon Valley technology startups. The next year, against Page and Brin's initial

opposition toward an advertising-funded search engine, Google began selling advertisements

associated with search keywords.[30] In order to maintain an uncluttered page design and

increase speed, advertisements were solely text-based. Keywords were sold based on a

combination of price bids and click-throughs, with bidding starting at five cents per click This

model of selling keyword advertising was first pioneered by Goto.com, an Idealab spin-off

created by Bill Gross. When the company changed names to Overture Services, it sued Google

over alleged infringements of the company's pay-per-click and bidding patents. Overture

Services would later be bought by Yahoo! and renamed Yahoo! Search Marketing. The case was

then settled out of court, with Google agreeing to issue shares of common stock to Yahoo! in

exchange for a perpetual license.

During this time, Google was granted a patent describing its PageRank mechanism. The patent

was officially assigned to Stanford University and lists Lawrence Page as the inventor. In 2003,

after outgrowing two other locations, the company leased its current office complex from Silicon

Graphics at 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway in Mountain View, California. The complex has since

come to be known as the Googleplex, a play on the word googolplex, the number one followed

by a googol zeroes. The Googleplex interiors were designed by Clive Wilkinson Architects.

Three years later, Google would buy the property from SGI for $319 million. By that time, the

name "Google" had found its way into everyday language, causing the verb "google" to be added

to the Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary, denoted as "to

use the Google search engine to obtain information on the Internet.


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EvolutionofGmail

The idea for Gmail was pitched by Rajen Sheth during an interview with Google, and went on to

be developed by Paul Buchheit several years before it was announced to the public. Initially the

e-mail client was available for use only by Google employees internally. Google announced

Gmail to the public on April 1, 2004. IMAP support was added on October 24, 2007.

Before its acquisition by Google, the gmail.com domain name was used by a free e-mail service

offered by Garfield.com, online home of the comic strip Garfield. After moving to a different

domain, that service has since been discontinued.

Gmail is a free, advertising-supported email service provided by Google. Users may access

Gmail as secure webmail, as well via POP3 orIMAP protocols Gmail was launched as aninvitation-only beta release on April 1, 2004 and it became available to the general public on

February 7, 2007, though still in beta status at that time. The service was upgraded from beta

status on July 7, 2009, along with the rest of the Google Apps suite.

With an initial storage capacity offer of 1 GB per user, Gmail significantly increased the

webmail standard for free storage from the 2 to 4 MB its competitors such as Hotmail offered at

that tim Individual Gmail messages, including attachments, may be up to 25 MB, which is larger

than many other mail services support. Gmail has a search-oriented interface and a "conversation

view" similar to an Internet forum. Gmail is noted by web developers for its pioneering use

of AJAX. Gmail runs on Google GFE/2.0 on Linux. As of October 2011, it had 260 million users

worldwide.

Google has announced that starting November 22, 2011 they will not support the Gmail

for BlackBerry native application, although BlackBerry users can continue to access Gmail

through the mobile web app at http://www.gmail.com in their BlackBerry web browser

Gmail was used internally for nearly 2years prior to launch to the public. They discovered therewas approximately 6 types of email users, and Gmail has been designed to accommodate these 6.

According to Google As the web grows search becomes more and more important. It acts like

a library , the bigger the library the more important is the index.


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Features

y ANDROID:

Operating system for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers.

y Chrome OSLinux-

Based operating system designed by Google to work exclusively with web applications.Runs on the "Chromebook" and the yet-to-be-released nettop "Chromebox".

y BUZZ:

Buzz is a social networking service built into Gmail. It was released on February 9, 2010.

y GMAIL:

Access a Gmail account from a mobile device using a standard mobile

y Web browser

Alternatively, Google provides a specific mobile application to access and download

Gmail messages quicker. User must now provide phone number to verify account.

y iGoogle

Mobile version of iGoogle that can be easily customised with modules.Latitude


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y FRIENDCONNECT:

Friend Connect is an online service that empowers website and blog owners to add social

features to their websites. It also allows users to connect with their friends on different

websites that have implemented Google Friend Connect on their website.

y SMS

Mobile phone short message service offered by Google in several countries, including the

USA, Japan, Canada, India and China and formerly the UK, Germany and Spain. It

allows search queries to be sent as a text message. The results are sent as a reply, with no

premium charge for the service.

y CLICKTOCALL:

Allowed a user speak directly over the phone, for free, to businesses he/she finds on

Google search results pages.

y SIDEREADER:

A browser sidebar and service that allows contributing and reading helpful information

alongside any web page

y BloggerWeblog:

Its a publishing tool. Users can create custom, hosted blogs with features such as photo

publishing, comments, group blogs, blogger profiles and mobile-based posting with littletechnical knowledge.


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y Google Buzz

On February 9, 2010, Google commenced their new service, Google Buzz, which

integrates with Gmail allowing users to share links and media, as well as status updates.

Buzz was launched with an automatic opt-in, causing an uproar in the Gmail community

which led Google to quickly undo its initial moves.

y Google Voice in Gmail chat

In August 2010, Google released a plugin that provides integrated telephone service

within Gmail's Google Chat interface. This service initially lacked an official name, with

Google referring to it as "Google Voice in Gmail chat" and also "Call Phones in

Gmail", but is now called Google Video and Voice Chat. The service allows people to

make free calls from their Gmail account to U.S. and Canada, at least through the end of

2011. Gmail account users can also call other countries on a fee basis.

y Offline Google Mail

On August 31, 2011, it was announced on the Official Gmail Blog that Offline Google

Mail was launched as a Chrome web app at the Google Chrome Web Store. This

HTML5-powered app is based on the Gmail web app on tablets. On April 11, 2011

Google engineer Sundar Pichai revealed that Google employees had been testing the app

together with offline versions of Google Docs and Google Calendar for months and that

the apps would be launched in the summer of 2011.


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Some differentfacts

y The name GOOGLE was an accident .A spelling mistake made by the original

founders who thought they were going for GOOGOL

y Google started in january,1996 as a research project at Standford University, by ph.D

candidates larry page and sergy brin when they were 24 yr and 23 yrs old respectively

y Google has the largest network of translators in the world.

y Due to sparseness of the home page, in early user tests they noted people just sitting

looking at the screen.After the minute of nothingness, the tester intervened and aked

WHATS UP?? To which they replied we are waiting for the rest of it .to solve that

particular problem the google copyright message was inserted to act as a crude end of the

page marker

y The infamous Im feeling lucky button is nearly never used . However , in trials it was

found that removing it would somehow reduce the google experience. Users wanted it

kept. It is a comfort button .

y The prime reason the Google home page is so bare is due to the fact that the founders

didnt know HTML and just wanted a quick interface. In fact it was noted that the submit

button was a long time coming and hitting the RETURN key was the only way to burst

Google into life.

y

One of the biggest leap in search usage came about when they introduced their muchimproved spell checker giving birth to the Did you mean feature. This instantly

doubled their traffic, but they had some interesting discussions on how best to place that

information, as most people simply tuned that out. But they discovered the placement at

the bottom of the results was the most effective area.


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y The infamous I feel lucky is nearly never used. However, in trials it was found thatremoving it would somehow reduce the Google experience. Users wanted it kept. It was acomfort button.

y Orkut is very popular in Brazil. Orkut was the brainchild of a very intelligent Googleengineer who was pretty much given free reign to run with it, without having to gothrough the normal Google UI procedures, hence the reason it doesnt look or feel like aGoogle application. They are looking at improving Orkut to cope with the loads it placeson the system.

y Google makes changes small-and-often. They will sometimes trial a particular featurewith a set of users from a given network subnet; for example Excite@Home users often

get to see new features. They arent told of this, just presented with the new UI andobserved how they use it.

y Google has the largest network of translators in the world

y They use the 20% / 5% rules. If at least 20% of people use a feature, then it will be

included. At least 5% of people need to use a particular search preference before it willmake it into the Advanced Preferences

y They have found in user testing, that a small number of people are very typical of thelarger user base. They run labs continually and always monitoring how people use a pageof results.

y The name Google was an accident. A spelling mistake made by the original

founders whothoughtthey were going for Googol

y Gmail was used internally for nearly 2years prior to launch to the public. Theydiscovered there was approximately 6 types of email users, and Gmail has been designedto accommodate these 6.


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y They listen to feedback actively. Emailing Google isnt emailing a blackhole.

y Employees are encouraged to use 20% of their time working on their own projects.Google News, Orkut are both examples of projects that grew from this working model.

y This wasnt a technical talk so no information regarding any infrastructure was presentedhowever they did note that they have a mantra of aiming to give back each page with in500ms, rendered.

y The prime reason the Google home page is so bare is due to the fact that the founders

didnt know HTML and just wanted a quick interface. In fact it was noted that the submit

button was a long time coming and hitting the RETURN key was the only way to burst

Google into life.

y Due to the sparseness of the homepage, in early user tests they noted people just sitting

looking at the screen. After a minute of nothingness, the tester intervened and

asked Whats up?to which they replied We are waiting for the rest of it. To solve that

particular problem the Google Copyright message was inserted to act as a crude end of

page marker.

y One of the biggest leap in search usage came about when they introduced their much

improved spell checker giving birth to the Did you mean feature. This instantly

doubled their traffic, but they had some interesting discussions on how best to place that

information, as most people simply tuned that out. But they discovered the placement at

the bottom of the results was the most effective area.


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y The infamous I feel lucky is nearly never used. However, in trials it was found that

removing it would somehow reduce the Google experience. Users wanted it kept. It was a

comfort button.

y Orkut is very popular in Brazil. Orkut was the brainchild of a very intelligent Google

engineer who was pretty much given free reign to run with it, without having to go

through the normal Google UI procedures, hence the reason it doesnt look or feel like a

Google application. They are looking at improving Orkut to cope with the loads it places

on the system.


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Life at google

Google is not a conventional company, and we dont intend to become one. True, we share

attributes with the worlds most successful organizations a focus on innovation and smart business practices comes to mind but even as we continue to grow, were committed to

retaining a small-company feel. At Google, we know that every employee has something

important to say, and that every employee is integral to our success. We provide individually-

tailored compensation packages that can be comprised of competitive salary, bonus, and equity

components, along with the opportunity to earn further financial bonuses and rewards.

Google has offices around the globe, from Bangalore to Zurich, but regardless of where we are,

we nurture an invigorating, positive environment by hiring talented, local people who share ourcommitment to creating search perfection and want to have a great time doing it. Googlers thrive

in small, focused teams and high-energy environments, believe in the ability of technology to

change the world, and are as passionate about their lives as they are about their work.

keeping the employee workforce in the office more often. Give employees enough reasons to

stick around and you'll likely see productivity go up. Why head home when everything you need

is at work?

To work off all those calories, employees can head over to a gym filled with equipment

You can find game tables in several of the buildings on campus. There are also video games for

employees who prefer to let their thumbs do all the work.

Google's healthcare plan includes on-site medical staff. If an employee suffers an injury or feels

ill while at work, he or she can make an appointment with a doctor at the Googleplex.


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Hiring Process

y Applying at GOOGLE

y

Phone Interview

y On-site Interview

y Hire by Committee

y 2 weeks decision time

y Required Qualifications

y World class programming skills

y Excellent communication skills.

y Diverse interests and skills

y Eric Emerson Schmidt

y Born on 1955 in Washington D.C.

y Chairman and CEO of GOOGLE Inc. and a member of the Board of Directors of Apple

Inc.

y The verb to Google

y The verb to GOOGLE which refers to 10^100 (the number represented by a 1 followed

by one-hundred zeros)


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GoogleAndroid

Google purchased the initial developer of the software, Android Inc., in 2005. The unveiling of

the Android distribution on November 5, 2007 was announced with the founding of the Open

Handset Alliance, a consortium of 84 hardware, software, and telecommunication companies

devoted to advancing open standards for mobile devices. Google released most of the Android

code under the Apache License, a free software license. The Android Open Source Project

(AOSP) is tasked with the maintenance and further development of Android

Android consists of a kernel based on the Linux kernel,

with middleware, libraries and APIs written in C and application software running on

anapplication framework which includes Java-compatible libraries based on Apache Harmony.

Android uses the Dalvik virtual machine with just-in-time compilation to run Dalvik dex-code

(Dalvik Executable), which is usually translated from Java bytecode. Android has a large

community of developers writing applications ("apps") that extend the functionality of the

devices. Developers write primarily in a customized version of Java. There are currently

approximately 300,000 apps available for Android, from a total of 500,000 apps over the life of

Android. Apps can be downloaded from third-party sites or through online stores such

as Android Market, the app store run by Google.

Android was listed as the best-selling smartphone platform worldwide in Q4 2010

by Canalys with over 190 million Android devices in use by October 2011.


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Android Features

y Application Framework

y Dalvik virtual machine

y Integrated (webkit) browser

y 2D and 3D graphics APIs with HW

y SQLite

y Video and audio codecs

y Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and WiFi

y Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer

Bluetooth

Supports A2DP, AVRCP, sending files (OPP), accessing the phone book (PBAP), voice dialing

and sending contacts between phones. Keyboard, mouse and joystick (HID) support is available

in Android 3.1+, and in earlier versions through manufacturer customizations and third-party

applications.

Video calling

Android does not support native video calling, but some handsets have a customized version of

the operating system that supports it, either via the UMTS network (like the Samsung Galaxy S)

or over IP. Video calling through Google Talk is available in Android 2.3.4 and later.

Gingerbread allows Nexus S to place Internet calls with a SIP account. This allows for enhanced

VoIP dialing to other SIP accounts and even phone numbers. Skype 2.1 offers video calling in

Android 2.3, including front camera support.


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Voice based features

Google search through voice has been available since initial release. Voice actions for calling,

texting, navigation, etc. are supported on Android 2.2 onwards.

Tethering

Android supports tethering, which allows a phone to be used as a wireless/wired Wi-Fi hotspot.

Before Android 2.2 this was supported by third-party applications or manufacturer

customizations.

Screen capture

Android has native support for screenshot capture ability by pressing the power and volume

buttons at the same time on an Android device. This native support came about with the release

of Android's 4.0 (Ice Cream Sandwich) update which is first seen on the Galaxy

Nexus smartphone. Previously Android did not feature native support for screen capturing which

would have likely been due to security concerns. Furthermore previously, manufacturer and

third-party customizations as well as using a PC connection (DDMS developer's tool) were the

only known methods of capturing a screenshot on Android


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AndroidArchitecture

y CPU typically runs 500-600 Mhz

y RAM available to an App may only be a few megabytes

y Disk (flash) access is very slow

y Lifecycle - apps must pause/quit often, and restore to give the illusion that they are

always running

y UI design

y typical screen may be HVGA (320x480)

y may be in portrait or landscape

y very high DPI - small text may not be readable

y touch resolution is very low (~25 pixel)

y Network access may be slow and (very) intermittent

y 100s of millions of mobile phone users


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How Google makes money???

They dont sell any product, everything you use from them is free and on top of that they seem to

be very active in theopen source community. So how the hell can they cash-in?

Advertisement

Advertisement, thats how Google is making its money. Every time you do a search on Google,

youve probably noticed that there was a section called Sponsored Links. Every time you click

on one of those links, Google charge a certain amount of money to the website for the click.

When you go on a website youll notice advertising from Google too. Daily Common Sense has

ads from Google. Same thing happens here, when you click, Google charge a certain amount of

money to the website you clicked on and part of that money is given to the webmaster publishing

the ads. This is called AdSense and is an enormous source of income for Google.

How much does Google charge for a click?The price advertisers pay for a click depends on a lot of factors and this is where Google is

playing smart. They use some sort of bidding system. When you want to advertise with Google,

you select keywords you are targeting. Lets say I own an online guitar store and I want to bring

potential customers to my website. Im going to bid on the keywords guitar and buy guitar

for example. The price Im going to pay will depend if there is other companies bidding for that

keyword. The more companies are fighting for a keyword, the more Im going to pay for a single

click to my website. The price can vary from 0.01$ to 100$ and more. Not to bad for a click hey?

You can imagine that for highly competitive keywords like finance and health it can cost quite a

lot of money for a company to advertise with Google.


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No production cost

Google doesnt sell any tangible product and thats the beauty of their business. They sell

something that doesnt really exist. They really sell traffic. It mostly comes down to this: They

get paid for sending traffic to other websites. Thats why Google seems to be everywhere now:

They have to show substantial growth to their stakeholders and to do that they have to drive

more and more traffic to provide more and more advertisement. Thats also the reason theyll be

jumping in the cell phone industry, so they can make a bit of money from all the web traffic that

next generation cell phones are going to drive in the next couple of years.

Sites Revenues

Google-owned sites generated revenues of $2.28 billion, or 62% of total revenues, in the first

quarter of 2007. This represents a 76% increase over first quarter 2006 revenues of $1.30 billionand a 15% increase over fourth quarter 2006 revenues of $1.98 billion.

NetworkRevenues

Googles partner sites generated revenues, through AdSense programs, of $1.35 billion, or 37%

of total revenues, in the first quarter of 2007. This represents a 45% increase over network

revenues of $928 million generated in the first quarter of 2006 and a 12% increase over fourth

quarter 2006 revenues of $1.20 billion.

Intern

ation

alR

even

ues

Revenues from outside of the United States totaled $1.71 billion, representing 47% of total

revenues in the first quarter of 2007, compared to 42% in the first quarter of 2006 and 44% in the

fourth quarter of 2006. Had foreign exchange rates remained constant from the fourth quarter of

2006 through the first quarter of 2007, our revenues in the first quarter of 2007 would have been

$23 million lower. Had foreign exchange rates remained constant from the first quarter of 2006

through the first quarter of 2007, our revenues in the first quarter of 2007 would have been $115

million lower.


28/31

SHAREVALUATION

y Google's offering on the 29th of August in 2004 on the NASDAQ stock exchange.

y 19,605,052 shares at a price of $85 per share

y

271 million shares are owned by Google itself.y The sale raised $1.67 billion, a market capitalization of more than $23 billion

y Now $590 worth, the highest since 2004.

DUAL CLASSSTRUCTURE

y Google was the pure-play technology firm.

y Dual class structure includes two classes of structure:

y Class A: Shares for regular investors which carried 1 vote.

y Class B: Stocks for themselves, carrying ten votes per share.

y This structure gives absolute control & also discourages public investors.

SEARCHENGINE MARKETSHARE:

y GOOGLE GAINED 25% OF ALL TRAFFIC, WHEN ENTERED CHINA IN 2000 &

BY 2002

y HOW GMAIL EVOLVED

y In 2004, the GOOGLE became more popular because of its new kind of service known as

GMAIL

y GMAIL is better than other email services provided by YAHOO AND MICROSOFT.

y It was not easy to store the mountain of emails as the AMERICAN ONLINE

automatically deleted emails after 30 days to hold down system costs.


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Current affairs

y Google: Most attractive employer of 2011

y The court in the Brazilian state of Rondonia on 23 March 2010 fined US internet

giant Google for not blocking pages of dirty jokes on its social networking site

Orkut. Google was ordered to pay $2700 for each day that the pages remained up and

was asked to stop similar material being posted.

y Google Inc shut its mainland Chinese-language portal in March 2010. Googles act

resulted in a blast of ire from Beijing and prompted concerns over its future business in

China.

y A new site was launched by Google and Russian Railways on 11 Feb 2010. The site

allows armchair travellers to view the whole length of the Trans-Siberian railway via

webcam.

y Corporate/Business Current Affairs August 2011. Google India's Google India Auto

Report released on 9 August 2011 is compilation of consumer search behaviour in the

auto category (cars and bikes) in 2009 and 2010

y Google will buy cellphone maker Motorola Mobility for 12.5 billion dollars. It is being

considered one of the biggest deals in the mobile handset space

y Corporate Current Affairs 2011. Google has acquired restaurant review firm Zagat.

However, the company didnt disclose the financial details of the transaction.


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TENTHINGS

y Focus on the user and all else will follow.

y It's best to do one thing really, really well.

y Fast is better than slow.

y Democracy on the web works.

y You don't need to be at your desk to need an answer.

y

You can make money without doing evil.

y There's always more information out there.

y The need for information crosses all borders.

y You can be serious without a suit.

y Great just isn't good enough.


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Conclusion

Now that Google is covering the web world at the lighting fast speed, we can conclude that there

soon may be nothing people do without doing it through Google.

Bibliography

y Wikipedia.com.

y Google story by David Wise.

y Google story by Mark Malseed.

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