Top Banner
RAED ISSOU BONE CANCER
26

BONE CANCER

Dec 30, 2015

Download

Documents

caldwell-flores

BONE CANCER. RAED ISSOU. BONE CANCER. Bone cancer is an uncommon cancer that begins in a bone. most commonly affects the long bones that make up the arms and legs 20 % of pediatric bone tumors are malignant. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Page 1: BONE CANCER

RAED ISSOU

BONE CANCER

Page 2: BONE CANCER

BONE CANCER

Bone cancer is an uncommon cancer that begins in a bone.

most commonly affects the long bones that make up the arms and legs

20 % of pediatric bone tumors are malignant.66% of adult bone tumors are malignant, most commonly

mets.The most common type of bone cancer in adults is

metastatic cancer from other organs

Page 3: BONE CANCER

Soft Tissue6% Bone

5% Wilms' Tumor6%

Lymphoma14%

Neuroblastoma7%

Germ Cell3%

Central Nervous System

18%

0%

Other7%

Eye3%

Leukemia31%

Distribution of Common Pediatric Malignancies

Page 4: BONE CANCER

BONE CANCERPRIMARY : cancer arising from the bone itself.

SECONDARY : i.e. metastasis

Page 5: BONE CANCER

PRIMARY BONE CANCER

RISK FACTORS:1.Radiotherapy & chemotherapy2.Paget's disease 3.Family Hx : hereditary retinoblastoma

Page 6: BONE CANCER

Signs & symptoms

Bone pain that often is nocturnal Swelling & tenderness near the affected areaPathological fracturesFatigueUnintended weight lossFeverNight sweats

Page 7: BONE CANCER

OSTEOSARCOMA

The most common primary bone malignancy Incidence: 2.8 per million Age 10-25 years (the 8th most common form of childhood

cancer)M >FThe most common sites are;

Distal femur 52% Proximal tibia 20% Proximal humerus 9%

Page 8: BONE CANCER

OSTEOSARCOMA (continued)

Usually the lesions are metaphysealStrong genetic predisposition (chr. 13)Metastatic spread usually is pulmonary•

Page 9: BONE CANCER

Diagnosis

Radiological studies : 1. X-Ray 2. CT-scan 3. bone scan & MRI. Bone biopsy.

Page 10: BONE CANCER

X-ray findings

• 1.Lesion• 2.Cortical destruction• 3.Extension to the marrow or soft tissue• 4.Codman’s triangle• 5.Sunburst Effect

Page 11: BONE CANCER

Sunburst Appearance

Page 12: BONE CANCER

TREATMENTSurgical resection Preoperative & postoperative chemotherapy

Page 13: BONE CANCER

Clinical appearance of a teenager who presented with osteosarcoma of the proximal humerus

Page 14: BONE CANCER
Page 15: BONE CANCER
Page 16: BONE CANCER

Prognosis

Aggressive tumor & The prognosis depends on the stage not the grade.

Without mets the 5-year survival is 70%

If mets present the 5- year survival is 25%

Page 17: BONE CANCER

Ewing’s sarcoma

Identified in 1921 by James EwingThe second most common bone malignancy in pediatrics.Incidence : 0.6 per millionM>FAge 10-20 yearsThe usual sites are : pelvis , long bones of the limbs &

ribs , but most commonly around the knee joint.

Page 18: BONE CANCER
Page 19: BONE CANCER

Ewing’s sarcoma (continued)

Usually the lesions are diaphysealT(11.22).Mets are found in 30% of cases, most commonly in the

lungs & other bones & less commonly in the bone marrow.

Page 20: BONE CANCER

Diagnosis

Radiological studies: 1.X-Ray 2.CT-scan 3.bone scan & MRI

X-ray findings : 1.lytic medullary lesion 2.onion skin appearance

Page 21: BONE CANCER
Page 22: BONE CANCER
Page 23: BONE CANCER
Page 24: BONE CANCER

TREATMENT

1- Local radiotherapy combined with systemic chemotherapy

2- In young children amputation may be necessary due to severe compromise of bone growth

Page 25: BONE CANCER

Prognosis

The 5-year survival with the first approach is 50%.

The 5-year survival with the 2nd approach is 75%.

Page 26: BONE CANCER

THANK YOU