Bonding A covalent bond is stronger and holds the atoms in a molecule together. A Hydrogen bond is weaker and it attracts molecules to one another.
Jan 02, 2016
Bonding
A covalent bond is stronger and holds the atoms in a molecule together.
A Hydrogen bond is weaker and it attracts molecules to one another.
Covalent bonds are strong bonds that hold atoms in a molecule together.
The electrons orbit around both nuclei, holding the atoms together.
A covalent bond happens between atoms that share electrons.
Which of these molecules will bond?
1
2
3
DNADeoxyribonucleic
Acid
DNA is in every Cell of living things
DNAWhy is DNA important
Chromosome
DNA is shaped like a double helix.
DNA structure
This is what DNA looks like. The white parts represent the two different strands. These
strands can be separated.
DNA STRANDS can be represented differently
DNA structure
Nucleotides
DNA
Nucleotides or Bases
GuanineThymine AdenineCytosine
The 4 molecules in DNA are called bases...
Each base has physical properties and they’re so small (0.33 nanometres)
nothing can see them
Base PairingCytosine
Base Pairing
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Base Pairing
Thymine
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Bonding in DNA
Hydrogen bonds(Weaker & can be
separated)
Covalent bonds(stronger & difficult to
break)
Uniqueness
The sequence.....
Each sequence provides unique information about living organisms
Base pairing
Next: Self-Assembly
&Viruses
What is self-assembly?
What does it mean to “assemble” something?
Then what would “self-assembly” mean?
Self-assembly at very small scales
Patterns self-assembled from the interactions of molecules.
Scientist don’t put the particles right next to each other or bond them by hand; the particles do this themselves.
The scientist just creates the right environment.
Virus examples
•Influenza
•Chickenpox
•Measles
Viruses (say: vy-rus-iz)
Virus means toxin or poison
Viruses are made of genetic material (DNA)
They need to be inside living cells to grow and reproduce.
Base Pairing
Guanine
Cytosine
Virus Structure
a Virus consists of two parts:
1. Genetic material:single OR double DNA strand
2. Capsid:A coat that protects this genetic material
Finding a Virus
•So far we know.....C - GA - T
•Viruses are a long chain of nucleotides (A A T G C T A C T A C T A T......)
Help find the Virus!
?
Your job: Catch the virus with 4 nucleotides
Important: Make sure your catcher isn’t going to catch the non-viral
DNA strand!
? ? ?
Virus: C T G T G T G G T C A A T T C T GG T T G G C T A
C T G T G T G G T C A A T T C T A T A C T G C T ANon Virus: