NANOMATCH Nano-systems for the conservation of immoveable and moveable polymaterial Cultural Heritage in a changing environment www.nanomatch-project.eu Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC) of the Italian National Research Council (CNR) Coordinator Dr. Adriana Bernardi Phone: +39-049-8295906 E-mail: [email protected]Institute of Inorganic and Surface Chemistry (ICIS) of the Italian National Research Council (CNR) Dr. Monica Favaro Phone: +39-049-8295907 E-mail: [email protected]TNO - Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Dr. T.G. Nijland Phone: +31 88-8665219 E-mail: [email protected]TECNALIA RESEARCH & INNOVATION Dr. Oihana García Phone. +34 667 178 860 E-mail: [email protected]Cercle des Partenaires du Patrimoine - Laboratoire de Recherche des Monuments Historiques (CPP-LRMH) Dr. Vincent Detalle Phone: +33-160-377780 E-mail: [email protected]Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC Katrin Wittstadt Phone: +49-9342-9221-701 E-mail: [email protected]AIDICO Instituto Tecnológico de la Construcción Dr Maria Dolores Romero Sanchez Phone: +34-965608302 E-mail: [email protected]R.E.D. S.r.l. Ir Luc Pockelé Phone: +39-049-773656 E-mail: [email protected]NANOTEGO Nano Teknolojik Urunler Arastirma Gelistirme Kimya Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Dr. Yusuf Menceloglu Phone: +90-216-5377200 E-mail: [email protected]Bofimex bouwstoffen B.V. Bastiaan J. Verhey Phone: +31-162-499575 E-mail: bas.verhey@bofimex.nl Metropolitankapitel der Hohen Domkirche Köln Dr. Ulrike Brinkmann Phone: +49-221-17940-365 E-mail: [email protected]Opera di Santa Croce Dr. Giuseppe de’ Micheli Phone: +39-055-2466105 E-mail: [email protected]Eschlimann Mr. Martin Labouré Phone : +33-3-88-64 18 22 E-mail: [email protected]T_O_P Oberflächen GmbH Dipl.-Ing. Bernhard Möller Phone: +49 931 660 575 10 E-mail: [email protected]SC DUCT SRL Mr. Iulian Daniel Olteanu Phone: +40-212242484 E-mail: [email protected]EC Project Officer: Michel Chapuis European Commission – Directorate General – »Research & Innovation« Directorate I »Environment« Unit I 2 »Environmental Technology« (cultural heritage issues) Phone: + 32-22 95 41 06 | E-mail: [email protected]The Nanomatch Consortium - EU-FP7 Supported Project: Grant Agreement No 283182 - Duration: November 2011 - October 2014 NANOMATCH is an EU research project funded through the Seventh Framework Programme. SP1-Cooperation; Collaborative project; Small or medium-scale focused research project. Subprogramme Area: Development of advanced compatible materials and techniques and their application for the protection, conservation and restoration of cultural heritage assets. FP7-ENV-NMP.2011.3.2.1-1 – Grant Agreement No. 283182
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NANOMATCHNano-sy s t ems f o r th e c on s e r va t i on o fimmoveabl e and moveabl e po l ymat e r ia l Cu l tu ra l Her i ta g e in a chang ing env i r onmen t
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w.nanomatch-project.eu
Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC)
Cul tura l Her i ta g e in a chang ing env i r onmen t
- EU-FP7 Supported Project: Grant Agreement No 283182
- Duration: November 2011 - October 2014
NANOMATCH is an EU research project funded through the Seventh Framework Programme. SP1-Cooperation; Collaborative project; Small or medium-scale focused research
project. Subprogramme Area: Development of advanced compatible materials and techniques and their application for the protection, conservation and restoration of cultural heritage
assets. FP7-ENV-NMP.2011.3.2.1-1 – Grant Agreement No. 283182
Government authorities, restoration architects and con-servation scientists have been confronted for many years with the problem of the deterioration of historic buil-ding materials, in particular stone, wood and glass. This issue has become increasingly urgent as climate change and atmospheric pollution are worsening the effects of natural weathering, whilst socio-economic realities are requiring a more sustainable management of the built heritage. Furthermore, the current use of inappropriate commercial treatment products, especially polymers that were designed for purposes completely other than cultu-ral heritage conservation, has had detrimental effects on historic materials in recent years due to the fast deteriora-tion of these products that impacts the treated materials.
Combining the most recent advances in the fields of nanotechnologies and conservation science, the NANO-MATCH project will address these issues by developing a new class of innovative nano-structured materials, tailored specifically to historic materials and adapted to a climate change context. They will provide enhanced sustainability, compatibility and efficiency compared to conventional conservation products, thus offering a real alternative and renewing the market dedicated to the conservation of the built heritage.
Alkaline earth and semi-metal alkoxides molecular pre-cursors will be synthesised tuning their properties to the characteristics of the substrate to be treated and to the specific demands of their required function. The nano-coating deposition of these precursors in the historic ma-terials will lead to nano-structured conservation products compatible with the main built heritage materials: stone, wood (including polychrome materials) and glass.
The products will be first assessed in the laboratory and then evaluated in the field through four different cases studies in Cologne, Florence, Bucharest. and Oviedo.
The metal-alkoxides showing the highest performance and safety among the molecular precursors, also in comparison to commercial products, will be assessed for their introduction to the market. In the different steps of the project, the hazard impact of the metal alkoxides on environment and human health will be monitored during the production and after the conservation treatments due to the possible environmental release of nanoparticles from the treated substrates by considering the transfor-mation that the composts could undergo.
The best processing parameters for industrial production will be defined and the costs and benefits of the new products in economic terms will be determined. An exploitation plan, centred on SME interests, leading to a business model will be also developed with an evaluation of the risk during the production/dissemination and exploitation in the market.
Overview of the New MaterialsNANOMATCH will develop two conservation products: a new alkaline earth alkoxide product for stone and wood will be created and an already existing aluminium alkoxide product for glass. (EU project Constglass) will be optimised.
Stone and Wood
Within the bilateral French-Italian Project Galileo 2009, preliminary feasibility tests performed on limestone and wall paintings demonstrated that selected calcium alkoxides react with the atmosphere to produce calcium carbonate, identifi ed by XRD measurements as calcite and vaterite. Depending on the experimental conditions, the vaterite/calcite ratio identifi ed in the fi nal calcium carbonate varies considerably, underlining the importance of the solvent-dispersion agent interactions and the role of the substrate. Moreover, impregnation of a porous substrate, simulating a deteriorated stone, with a solution of calcium methoxide produces a crystalline nano-structured calcium carbonate fi lm which is deposited on the surface of the substrate grains with a good adhesion, without cracks or formation of ungrafted particles. Unlike silica coating created by traditional consolidants like TEOS, this fi lm homogeneously penetrates all the substrate pores, binding its grains together, thus fulfi lling the primary requirements of a consolidant. Furthermore, non-destructive measurements showed that this coating increases the stone cohesion by 20% while, thanks to its nano-dimensions, it affects neither its surface appearance nor its water vapour permeability.
Glass
A molecularly dispersed aluminium alkoxide complex (A18) was developed during the EU project Constglass. Its promising properties as a glass consolidant are due to its very low viscosity that allows it to penetrate into the smallest capillaries of the corroded glass. After the solvent evaporation, the micro porous residue consists of an aluminium oxide precursor which subsequently hydrolyses very slowly leading to an oxide network chemically bonded tightly to the inner walls of the cracks. This newly formed micro porous oxide network provides a guiding structure that is gradually fi lled in by glass components migrating from the vicinity of the crack, creating a new glass matrix within the crack, thus healing the corroded glass.
The NANOMATCH project aims at renewing the conservation product market by developing new, advanced, com-patible and sustainable nano-structured consolidants as an alternative to conventional products, thus improving the preservation of Europe’s valuable built heritage.