Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m 2 ) • Surrogate measure of adiposity • Weight normalized for height • Accurate and inexpensive to measure • Weight and height measurements only data needed • Limitations: – Insensitive to small changes in weight – May overestimate body fat in those with muscular build and those with edema – May underestimate body fat in older persons and those who have lost muscle mass
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Body Mass Index (BMI) (kg/m 2 ) Surrogate measure of adiposity Weight normalized for height Accurate and inexpensive to measure Weight and height measurements.
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Body Mass Index (BMI)(kg/m2)
• Surrogate measure of adiposity• Weight normalized for height• Accurate and inexpensive to measure• Weight and height measurements only data needed• Limitations:
– Insensitive to small changes in weight– May overestimate body fat in those with muscular build
and those with edema– May underestimate body fat in older persons and those
who have lost muscle mass
Who is overweight?Classification of overweight and
obesity by BMIObesity class BMI (kg/m2)
Underweight <18.5
Normal 18.5 – 24.9
Overweight 25.0 – 29.9
Obesity I 30.0 – 34.9
II 35.0 – 39.9
Extreme obesity III >40
BMI and Health RiskClass Health Risk
Normal None
Overweight Increased
Obesity I High
Obesity II Very High
Obesity III Extremely High
•Waist circumference – Men >40 in., women >35 in.
•Type 2 DM, CHD, other atherosclerotic disease, sleep apnea
• Sleep apnea• Colon cancer• Breast cancer• Endometrial cancer• Gallbladder cancer• Menstrual function
and fertility
National Weight Control Registry
• National registry of reduced-obese subjects who have lost more than 30 pounds and maintained the weight loss for more than 1 year
• Average age 45, 67% married• 80% female, 97% Caucasian• Average reported weight loss is 30 kg• Average duration of weight maintenance is 5.5 years• Provides opportunity to investigate energy metabolism
in large heterogeneous group• Currently over 5,000 individuals enrolled
Physical characteristics of NWCR subjects (mean ± SD)* Women