This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
EM 2040, specification
• Wideband: 200-400 kHz
• Depth rating: 6000 m
• Operational modes: Deep, medium and inspection or 200, 300 and 400 kHz.
• Pulse length: 25µs – 12 ms(FM)User selectable or automatic
• Three transmit sectors, dual swath
• 1 or 2 receive transducer(s)
/ 3 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Requirements set
• Sector transmission• Full motion compensation• Broadband transducer• Large band width – short pulse length• Near-field focusing • 6000 m depth rating• Low self-noise• Re-use of bottom detection algorithms• SIS, same topside SW as previous models• Support third party topside SW
/ 4 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Sector transmission
• Three transmit sectors.• Motion compensation• Reduce multipath problems
• Receiver filter. Filters adapted for each transmit pulse.
/ 5 / 9 Apr 2023
230 260 290 320 350
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Frequency [kHz]
Am
plit
ud
e [d
B]
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Motion compensation
• Test of yaw stabilization. EM 2040 has full motion compentation
/ 6 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Broadband transducer, measured coverage
/ 7 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Measured coverage
• Jervis Inlet, 200 kHz, gravel
/ 8 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
CW/FM pulses, Measured & calculated coverage
/ 9 / 9 Apr 2023
250 200 150 100 50 0 50 100 150 200 250
0
50
100
150
200
250
Dep
th [
m]
Coverage Port[m] Coverage Starboard[m]
EM 2040, 300 kHz, Sand [-30 dB] Single RX 1*1 degree
= 53.0dB/km
CW CWFM FMCW CW
CWFM]
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Band width/ pulse length.
/ 10 / 9 Apr 2023
Reduced speckle with short pulse:
300 kHz
• 600 µs
• 70 µs
• 200 µs
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Frequency, beam width and pulse length
/ 11 / 9 Apr 2023
2 x 2 m
Courtesy of Marine Research Vessel KAIO-MARU No7, Nippon Kayo Co,Ltd
Courtesy of Marine Research Vessel KAIO-MARU No7, Nippon Kayo Co,Ltd
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Frequency, beam width and pulse length
/ 12 / 9 Apr 2023
200 kHz 100 µs(1.5 °)
380 kHz25 µs(~ 0.75 °)
Oppgi dimensjoner på vrak?
Wreck at 20 m
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Near-field focusing
/ 13 / 9 Apr 2023
Focusing enabled. Beamwidth is 0.4 deg.
Focusing disabled, Beamwidth is 5 deg. SL is 6 dB weaker
This shows the need for nearfield focusing:
380 kHz, measured at 6 m range.
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Depth rating, 6000 m
• Results from ROV testing in Gulf of Mexico
/ 14 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Depth rating, 6000 m
• Results from ROV testing in Gulf of Mexico.
/ 15 / 9 Apr 2023
Colour scale:4.4 m depth difference
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Low self noise in electronics
/ 16 / 9 Apr 2023
EM 2040Passing over a forced hydrocarbon leakageMode: 400 kHzWater depth: 24 m
Early EM 3002 results, Water depth, 40 m Old receiver electronics, electronics later modified
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Low self noise, bottom detection algorithms
/ 17 / 9 Apr 2023
Pier,Water depth, 4-19 m
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
/ 18 / 9 Apr 2023
Results
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
/ 19 / 9 Apr 2023
400 kHz ModeT = 50 μsWater depth 8.5-9.0 meter
Seabed image
Gridded backscatter
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
HMCS MacKenszie
• 112 m destroyer• Keel around 30 m• Upper deck 18 m• Radar tower 10 m
/ 20 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Wreck Church
/ 21 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Sand waves, 97 m depth
/ 22 / 9 Apr 2023
Y-axis: 2 m grid
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Sand waves, 90-100 m water depth
/ 23 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Pipeline
8 m depth60 cm pipeline
Gridded (below) andRaw depth points (Allpoints)
400 kHz, single sector25 us pulse length (40 kHz BW)80 deg sector
/ 24 / 9 Apr 2023
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012http://www.conference.co.nz/index.cfm/shallowsurvey
Wellington harbour, between piers, 0.5 m grid/ 25 / 9 Apr 2023
90 m
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012
Pilars and mooring chains, 3D, allpoints, 12 m depth
9 Apr 2023
Mooring chains
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012
Habitat area, 0.5 m gridSand waves +/- 8 cm at 15 m depth
9 Apr 2023
Bathymetry Backscatter
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012
• Survey, flat bottom plus wreck, Neptune
/ 28 / 9 Apr 2023
Very clean dataNo filtering done8 million points23 m depthStd = 2 cm0.07% D
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
New Zealand, Shallow survey 2012
• HMNZS wreck, 0.5 m grid
/ 29 / 9 Apr 2023
Ships Internal structure,3D allpoints
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
SAT, Fugro OSAE, Victor Hensen, concrete target
/ 30 / 9 Apr 2023
Victor Hensen installation:EM 20400.5 * 1 degreeDual swath
Concrete target 2*8 mOne half is 50 cm higher A 1 m ”tower” at the corner, 30*30 cm at top.
19 m depth
Target:
400 kHz, 50 us, one single line, gridded.Allpoints on next slide
0.5
1
30*30 cm
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
SAT, Fugro OSAE, Victor Hensen, concrete target
Gothenburg target, 400 kHz, 3D
/ 31 / 9 Apr 2023
Red points = top of target
KONGSBERG PROPRIETARY – See Statement of Proprietary Information
Summary
• EM 2040. A High Resolution Broadband Multibeam Echo sounder