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7 Which of the following is a correct unit of potential difference (voltage)?
A amp per ohm
B coulomb per joule
C joule per second
D newton per coulomb
E watt per amp
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11 It is known that a radioactive source emits a single type of radiation. Detectors are placed inthe two positions shown. The graph shows how the readings change over time.
source
30cm
1m
detector 2
detector 1
c o u n t r a t e ( c o u n t s / m i n )
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
detector 1
detector 2
time (hours)
161514131211109876543210
Which type of radiation does the source emit, and what is its half-life?
type of radiation half-life (hours)
A alpha 2.40
B alpha 2.76
C beta 2.40
D beta 2.76
E gamma 2.40
F gamma 2.76
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15 The graph represents the motion of a vehicle during part of a journey.
time (min)
876543210
s p e e d ( m / s )
30
20
10
0
What is the best estimate of the distance travelled during the part of the journey shown?
19 An object of mass 5kg falls from rest and hits the ground at a speed of 20m/s. Air resistance isnegligible.
From what height has the object fallen?
Take g to be 10m/s2
A 10m
B 20m
C 50m
D 100m
E 200m
F 1000m
23 A train consists of a powered engine pulling two unpowered carriages.
carriage 2 carriage 1 powered engine
T 15000N
The engine has a mass of 20000kg, and each carriage has a mass of 5000kg. When the engineaccelerates from rest it develops a thrust (driving force) of 15000N as shown.
Ignoring resistive forces, what is the tension (pulling force) T in the coupling between carriage 1 andcarriage 2?
A 2500N
B 3750N
C 5000N
D 7500N
E 15000N
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19
27 The first graph shows the variation of the displacement of particles with distance along a wave at aparticular instant in time:
d i s p l a c e m e n
t ( m m ) 18
0
-18
60
distance (m)
The second graph shows the variation with time of the displacement of a particular particle in thiswave:
d i s p l a c e m e n t ( m m
) 18
0
-18
0.6
time (s)
What is the speed of this wave?
A 30m/s
B 50m/s
C 90m/s
D 100m/s
E 150m/s
F 300m/s
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3 In a laboratory experiment, protactinium-234 undergoes radioactive decay by β-emission intouranium-234.
The table below describes how the mass of uranium-234 present in the sample varies with timefrom the start of the experiment:
time / min mass of u-234 / mg
0.0 0.0
1.2 8.0
2.4 12.0
3.6 14.0
4.8 15.0
6.0 15.5
7.2 15.7
8.4 15.9
9.6 15.9
10.8 16.0
12.0 16.0
Using the information in the table, approximately what is the half-life of protactinium-234?
A 1.2 minutes
B 2.4 minutes
C 6.0 minutes
D 9.6 minutes
E 10.8 minutes
F 12.0 minutes
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7 The depth of water in a particular tidal harbour varies with time as shown in the graph:
time / hours
26242220181614121086420
d e p t h / m e t r e s
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
If the variation in depth caused by the effect of the tide is considered as a wave, what are theamplitude and frequency of this wave?
amplitude / metres frequency / hertz
A 3 1/(12 x 3600)
B 3 3600/12
C 6 1/(24 x 3600)
D 6 3600/24
E 8 1/(12 x 3600)
F 8 3600/12
G 16 1/(24 x 3600)
H 16 3600/24
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11 When radioactive isotopes decay, they sometimes have to go through a succession ofdisintegrations to reach a stable isotope. These are called decay chains, and involve thesuccessive emission of numerous α and/or β particles.
One such isotope is radon-219 ( 219
86Rn), which goes through a chain in which three α particles
and two β particles are emitted before reaching a stable isotope.
What are the atomic and mass numbers of the resulting stable isotope?
atomic number mass number
A 80 207
B 80 211
C 82 207
D 82 215
E 85 211
F 85 219
G 86 215
H 86 219
27 A car of mass 800kg moves up an incline of 1 in 20 (1 in 20 means for every 20m along the roadthe car gains 1m in height) at a constant speed of 20m/s. The frictional force opposing motion is500N.
How much work has been done by the engine after the car has moved 50m?
15 The circuit shows five identical filament bulbs designed to work at 12V connected in a circuitwith two switches. Switch P is initially open and switch Q is initially closed.
switch P
bulb Ybulb X
switch Q
12V
Switch P is then closed and switch Q is opened.
Compared with their brightness before these changes were made, how has the brightness ofbulbs X and Y changed?
3 Two identical cars, P and Q, start at the same level. Car P moves at a constant speed of 10m/s up a
hill to a height of 25m in a time of 20s. In the same time car Q moves at a constant speed of 20m/s upa hill to a height of 50m.
What are the kinetic energies of the cars while they are travelling up the hills, and what are theirgravitational potential energies once they have reached the top?
kinetic energy gravitational potential energy
A car Q has twice as much as car P car Q has twice as much as car P
B car Q has twice as much as car P car Q has four times as much as car P
C car Q has four times as much as car P car Q has twice as much as car P
D car Q has four times as much as car P car Q has four times as much as car P
7 Which one of the following statements about nuclear physics is true?
A The process of emission of a gamma ray from a nucleus is called nuclear fission.
B The half life of a radioactive substance is half the time taken for its nuclei to decay.
CThe number of neutrons in a nucleus is its atomic number (proton number) minus itsmass number.
D The process used in nuclear power stations is nuclear fusion.
EWhen a nucleus emits a beta particle, there is no change in the number of particles itcontains.
FWhen a nucleus emits an alpha particle, one of its neutrons becomes a proton plus anelectron.
27 At the front of a long column of soldiers is a man regularly hitting a drum 50 times a minute. Thesoldiers are told to place their left foot down on the ground when they hear the drum beat. Thecolumn is so long that the soldiers at the back put down their left feet at the same time as thesoldiers in the front put down their right feet.
What is the minimum length of the column of soldiers?
7 Students investigate a radioactive source. They place a detector close to a radioactive sourceand take 5 readings over 5 minutes. They then place a thin sheet of paper between the detectorand the source, and again observe the counts over 5 minutes. Lastly they replace the papersheet with an aluminium one and observe the counts over 5 minutes. Their results are shownbelow:
Nothing Paper Aluminium
Reading 1 100 101 30
Reading 2 98 102 31
Reading 3 99 96 28
Reading 4 103 101 33
Reading 5 101 103 27
What type(s) of radiation is being given off by the source?
15 The microwaves generated in a microwave oven travel through air at a speed of 3.0 x 108m/s,with a wavelength of 12cm. They pass through plastic food containers, but at a reduced speedof 2.0 x 108m/s.
What are the wavelength and frequency of these microwaves as they pass through a plasticfood container?
23 A cyclist and a bike have a combined mass of 100kg. The cyclist free-wheels (rolls withoutpedalling) at a constant speed of 0.8m/s down a 1 in 10 slope (this means that the cyclistdescends 1.0m for each 10m travelled along the road, as shown in the diagram.)
Calculate the loss in gravitational potential energy as he loses 100m in vertical height andhence calculate the total resistive force on the cyclist.[g = 10N/kg]
27 A sound wave is produced by a loudspeaker cone, which creates pulses of pressure by movingback and forth between two points X and Y as shown in the diagram.
The distance between points X and Y is 5.0mm and the loudspeaker produces pulses ofpressure every 0.2 milliseconds.
The following statements about the sound wave produced are made:
P It has a speed of 25m/s
Q It has an amplitude of 5.0mm
R It has a wavelength of 5.5mm
S It has a fundamental frequency of 5.0kHz
Which of these statements can be correctly deduced from the information given?
8 Three resistors of equal value are connected up as shown.
A B C D
Arrange the letters corresponding to the four combinations in increasing order of resistance
(least resistance first).
11 Three of the characteristic phenomena demonstrated by waves are reflection, refraction and
diffraction.
How many of these phenomena cause the frequency of the wave to change?
A 0
B 1
C 2
D 3
15In an experiment concerning radioactive decay, the count rate of radiation 5 cm from asource X was measured as 140 counts per minute. 12 minutes later, with the detector in the
same position, the count rate was measured as 35 counts per minute.
Background radiation was recorded as 20 counts per minute.
Calculate the half-life of source X. (Give your answer in minutes.)
17 Which one of the following is not equal to volts?