bls_2050-24_1979.pdf

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Area Richmond, Virginia,Wage Metropolitan Area, June 1979Survey

Hanover

Henrico

Powhatan

Richmond

ChesterfieldCharles

City

U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics

Bulletin 2050-24

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Preface

This bulletin provides results o f a June 197 9 survey of occupational earnings in the Richmond, V irg in ia , Standard M etropolitan Statistical A rea . The survey was made as part of the Bureau o f Labor Statis t ics ' annual area wage survey p rogram . It was conducted by the Bureau 's reg ional o f f ic e in Philadelphia, Pa . , under the genera l d irec t ion of I rw in L. Feigenbaum, Assistant Regional C om m iss ion er fo r Operations. The survey could not have been accom plished without the cooperation of the many f i rm s whose wage and sa lary data prov ided the basis fo r the s ta tistica l in form ation in this bulletin. The Bureau wishes to express s incere appreciation fo r the cooperation rece ived .

M a te r ia l in this publication is in the public domain and m ay be reproduced without p e rm iss ion of the F ed e ra l Government. P lease c red it the Bureau of Labor Statistics and cite the name and number of this publication.

Note:A report on occupational earnings fo r the Richmond a rea is ava ilab le

for the moving and storage industry (June 1979). A ls o ava ilab le are l is t ings of union wage rates fo r seven se lec ted building trades. F r e e copies of these a re ava ilab le f r o m the Bureau 's reg ional o f f ices . (See back cove r fo r addresses . )


AreaWageSurvey

Richmond, Virginia, Metropolitan Area, June 1979

U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, SecretaryBureau of Labor Statistics Janet L. Norwood Commissioner

September

C ontents Page Page

Introduction___________________________________________ 2

Tables:

Appendix A. Scope and method of survey_________17Appendix B. Occupational descriptions___________ 21

Bulletin 2050-24 Earnings, all establishments:A - l . Weekly earnings of office workers______ 3A -2. Weekly earnings of professional

and technical w o rk e rs ___________________ 5A -3. Average weekly earnings of

office, professional, andtechnical workers, by sex______________ 7

A -4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant

A -5, Hourly earnings of materia lmovement and custodial w o r k e r s ______10

A -6. Average hourly earnings ofmaintenance, toolroom, powerplant, m ateria l movement, andcustodial workers, by s e x _______________12

A -7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for selectedoccupational groups______________________ 13

A -8. Average pay relationships within establishmentsfor white-collar workers________________ 14

A -9. Average pay relationships within establishmentsfor blue-collar w o rk e rs _________________ 15

For sale by the Superintendent ol Documents. U.S Government Printing Office. Washington D C 20402. GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on back cover Price $1 50 Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents


Introduction

This a rea is 1 of 72 in which the U.S. Department of Lab o r 's Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and rela ted benefits. (See l is t of areas on inside back c o v e r . ) In each area , earnings data fo r se lec ted occupations (A - s e r i e s tab les ) a re co l lec ted annually. In form ation on establishment pract ices and supplementary wage benefits (B - s e r i e s tab les ) is obtained e v e r y th ird year. Th is report has no B - s e r ie s tables.

Each yea r a fte r a l l individual a rea wage surveys have been c o m pleted, two sum m ary bulletins a re issued. The f i r s t brings together data fo r each m etropo litan a rea surveyed; the second presents national and reg iona l es t im ates , p ro jected f r o m individual m etropo litan a rea data, fo r a l l Standard M etropo litan Statis t ica l A rea s in the United States, excluding A laska and Hawaii.

A m a jo r consideration in the a rea wage survey p ro gram is the need to descr ibe the le v e l and m ovem ent of wages in a va r ie t y of labor m arkets , through the analys is of (1) the le v e l and distribution o f wages by occupation, and (2) the m ovem ent o f wages by occupational ca tego ry and sk il l leve l. The p rogram develops in form ation that m ay be used fo r many purposes, including wage and sa la ry adm inistration , co l le c t iv e bargaining, and assistance in determ ining plant location. Survey results a lso a re used by the U.S. D ep a r t ment o f Labor to make wage determ inations under the S e rv ic e Contract A c t of 1965.

A - s e r i e s tables

Tab les A - l through A -6 prov ide estimates o f s tra igh t- t im e w eek ly or hourly earnings fo r w o rk e rs in occupations com mon to a v a r ie t y of

manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. The occupations a re defined in Appendix B. F o r the 31 la rges t survey a reas , tables A -10 through A -15 provide s im ila r data for establishments employing 500 w o rk e rs or m ore .

Tab le A -7 provides percent changes in ave rage hourly earnings of o f f ice c le r ica l w o rkers , e lectron ic data p rocess ing w o rk e rs , industrial nurses, skilled maintenance trades w o rk e rs , and unskilled plant w orkers . Where possib le, data a re presented fo r a l l industries and fo r manufacturing and nonmanufacturing separately . Data a re not presented fo r skil led maintenance workers in nonmanufacturing because the number o f w orkers employed in this occupational group in nonmanufacturing is too sm a ll to warrant separate presentation. Th is table prov ides a m easu re of wage trends a fter e limination of changes in ave rage earnings caused by em p loy ment shifts among establishments as w e l l as turnover of establishments included in survey samples. F o r further deta i ls , see appendix A.

Tables A -8 and A -9 provide fo r the f i r s t t im e m easures o f ave rage pay relationships within establishments. T h ese m easures m ay d i f fe r cons iderab ly f ro m the pay relationships of o v e ra l l a ve rages published in tables A - l through A-6. See appendix A for details .

Appendixes

Appendix A descr ibes the methods and concepts used in the a rea wage survey program and provides in fo rm ation on the scope of the survey.

Appendix B provides job descr ip t ions used by Bureau f ie ld r e presentatives to c la ss i fy workers by occupation.

2Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

EarningsTable A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers, Richmond, Va., June 1979

O ccupa t ion and in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

SECRETARIES --------------------------------BANUFACTURING ----------------------NONBANUFSCTURINE ----------------

PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S ------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS A ----------NONBANUFACTURING ----------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS B ----------NONBANUFACTURING ----------------

SECRETARIES, c l a s s C ----------BANUFACTURING ----------------------NONBANUFACTURING ----------------

SECRETARIES, c l a s s 0 ----------BANUFACTURING ----------------------NONBANUFACTURING----------------

PURLIC U T IL I T IE S ------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS E ----------

STENOGRAPHERS ----------------------------NONBANUFACTURINE ----------------

PURLIC U T I L I T I E S ------------

STENOGRAPHERS. SENIOR --------NONBANUFACTURING ----------------

STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL ------NONBANUFACTURING ----------------

PURLIC U T I L I T I E S ------------

TRANSCRIB IN6 -NACHINE TYP ISTS NONBANUFACTURING ----------------

TYP ISTS ----------------------------------------BANUFACTURING ---------------------NONBANUFACTURING ----------------


T Y P IS T S . CLASS A ------------------BANUFACTURING ---------------------NONBANUF ACTURI N E ----------------

T Y P IS T S . CLASS R ------------------NONBANUFACTURIN6 ----------------


F ILE CLERKS -------------------------------BANUFACTURING ---------------------NONBANUFACTURING ----------------

F ILE CLERKS. CLASS A ---------

FILE CLERKS. CLASS B ---------NONBANUFACTURING ---------------

F ILE CLERKS. CLASS C ---------NONBANUFACTURING ---------------

^""weeklyTarnlng^^™(standard) N um ber o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w eek ly earn ings of-

Number Average 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4weekly 1 0 0 105 1 1 C 115 125 135 145 155 175 195 215 235 255 275 295 315 3 35 355 375 395 41 S

woiken hours1(standard) Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2 and

under - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - and

105 1 1 0 115 125 1 35 185 155 175 195 215 235 255 275 295 315 335 3 55 375 395 815 ove r

$ $ $ $1 .687 3 8 .0 208 .50 201.50 1 7 2 .5 0 - 2 3 6 .0 7 - - 5 30 72 85 263 260 302 232 16° 127 69 39 18 7 1 1 3 3 1

618 38. 5 2 2 6 . 5C 222.50 1 9 7 .5 0 - 2 4 6 .0 0 - - - 1 33 86 119 186 1T9 54 39 1 2 9 - 4 1 1 -1 .0 7 3 3 8 . C 198 .00 188.00 1 6 1 .0 0 - 2 1 9 .0 0 - 5 30 72 8 4 230 174 183 86 51 73 30 27 9 7 7 2 2 i

183 39. 5 258 .00 285.50 1 9 5 .0 0 - 2 9 3 .0 3 - - - - - - - 36 2 1 9 i ° 7 26 18 4 7 4 2 2 l

87 3 8 . C 251 .00 280.00 2 0 5 .0 0 - 3 0 0 .5 7 _ - _ - - _ - _ _ 20 2 5 4 2 6 6 1 - 1 - -32 3 8 .0 251 .00 227.00 2D 5 .3 0 -3 C 3 .5 0 - - * - - - 15 2 2 1 1 5 4 1 1

354 38. 0 233 .00 2 3 6 . CO 2 0 1 .5 0 - 2 6 5 .5 0 - - _ _ 5 1 2 27 36 57 81 77 48 33 17 7 - 3 _ - -191 37 . 5 216 .00 237.00 1 8 8 .0 0 - 2 8 1 .5 0 - - - - 5 1 2 27 29 87 1 9 25 18 4 8 3 3 ”

S 91 3 8 .5 212 .50 212.50 1 8 8 . 5 0 - 2 3 3 . 0 ° _ _ - 5 - 8 18 57 99 129 142 65 49 9 7 - 3 i - 2 1294 3 8 .5 221 .50 2 1 9 . OC 2 0 3 .0 0 - 2 3 5 .0 7 - - - - - - - 2 31 77 1 1 0 46 2 1 5 - - - i - t -297 38. 5 233.53 194.50 1 7 2 .5 0 - 2 2 9 .0 0 - 5 8 18 55 68 52 32 19 28 4 7 3 1 1

800 3 8 .0 236 .00 192.00 1 7 1 .3 0 - 2 2 2 .0 7 _ _ - - 17 i i 19 78 81 74 38 9 25 25 9 5 3 7 2 1 -78 3 8 .0 219 .00 203.00 1 8 2 .0 0 - 2 3 6 .5 0 - - - - - 10 26 15 7 7 - 4 2 3 - 3 1 - -

322 38 . C 202.50 1 0 2 . 0 0 1 6 8 .5 C - 2 2 1 .5'* - - - 1 7 i i 1 <? 68 55 59 27 2 25 21 7 2 3 4 1 1 -62 3 9 .0 267 .00 293.00 1 8 9 . 5 0 - 2 9 5 . 5 ° " - - - - " * 18 2 i 1 3 21 5 2 3 4 1 1 ~

271 3 8 .3 165.50 161.00 1 8 9 .5 0 - 1 7 8 .5 0 - - - - 8 52 50 91 40 16 9 4 1 - - - - - - - -

255 3 8 .5 209 .0 . ' 191 .00 1 5 7 .5 0 - 2 8 8 .5 0 _ - _ 10 1 6 1 1 17 58 30 18 1 1 28 8 9 15 1 4 14 - - - -

202 38. 5 202 .50 172.00 1 5 2 .5 0 - 2 8 3 .5 3 - - - 1 C 1 6 1 1 17 52 25 6 4 18 3 6 1 2 13 13 - - - -116 3 9 .5 235 .50 283.50 1 6 1 .5 0 - 3 1 3 .0 0 - - - - 3 R 34 5 3 4 1 2 3 6 1 2 13 13 “

87 39. 0 229 .00 228.50 1 9 0 .5 0 - 2 6 8 .5 3 _ - _ - - - 2 12 22 6 3 15 7 8 13 1 1 - - - -53 38. 5 216 .03 198.00 1 8 8 .0 0 -2 6 C .0 0 - - - - “ 2 9 2 1 3 2 2 2 5 7 “ “ ■p

168 38. 5 198 .53 168.00 1 5C .0 0 - 2 8 3 .5 0 _ _ - 1 ? f 6 i i 15 46 8 8 8 13 1 i 5 13 13 - - - -149 3 8 .5 1 9 8 . o r 161 .50 1 4 6 . 0 0 - 2 4 3 . 5 0 - - - 10 16 i i 15 8 3 4 3 2 1 2 1 i 5 13 13 - - -

96 39. 5 2 2 <>. OS 188.50 1 6 1 .0 0 - 3 1 7 .5 7 “ - 3 R 34 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 5 13 13 “ “ “

115 3 8 .5 168.00 158.00 1 4 4 .0 0 —191 .00 _ - - 3 1 0 IB iR 31 24 9 286 38. 5 162 .03 159.00 1 8 6 .5 0 - 1 7 5 .5 0 - - 3 1 0 6 16 29 1 3 9 ~ - - - “ “

689 3 7 .5 152 .03 186.00 1 3 0 .0 0 - 1 5 9 .5 0 1 18 15 133 1 1 0 91 127 10 0 80 30 50 3 _ _ 1 _ - - - - -68 3 8 .0 171 .53 163.00 1 8 7 .0 0 - 1 9 6 .0 7 - - 1 18 1 2 1 2 9 18 2

621 37. 5 150.00 188.00 1 2 9 .3 0 - 1 5 7 . CO 1 18 15 103 109 77 115 88 31 12 88 3 - - 1 - - - - -171 3 9 .0 178 .50 156.00 1 8 C .0 0 - 2 3 8 .5 7 “ " " 1 23 37 23 26 6 6 88 - - - 1 _ -

232 3 7 .0 163 .53 157.00 1 5 C .5 0 - 1 7 6 . C7 - - - 19 1 6 74 73 34 19 2 - - 1 - - - - - T85 3 8 .0 179 .00 182.50 1 5 7 .5 0 - 1 9 6 .0 3 - - - - 2 8 1 1 9 13 2

187 3 7 .0 159 .53 155.50 1 5 0 .5 0 - 1 6 9 .0 7 19 1 4 6 6 62 25 6 “ 3 - - 1 “

857 37 . 5 186 .50 135.00 1 2 8 .0 0 - 1 5 0 .0 3 1 18 15 84 109 85 53 27 6 1 1 88 _ _ - - - - - - - -434 3 7 .5 145.5?! 135.00 1 2 3 . 5 0 - 1 5 C .03 1 18 15 8 4 108 73 49 26 6 6 48158 3 8 .5 178 .00 151.50 1 3 R .5 0 - 2 3 8 .5 7 - - - 1 23 37 23 18 5 3 48

369 37. 0 182 .03 130.00 1 2 3 .5 0 - 1 5 5 .0 3 - 23 10 105 78 28 25 55 27 4 5 1 2 3 1 2 - - - -85 3 7 . C 168 .53 161.50 1 2 9 . 3 0 - 1 8 8 . 0 ° - - 2 13 1 2 13 4 4 3 1 - 2 - - - - - - -

328 3 7 .0 138 .50 127.50 1 2 1 .0 0 - 1 5 8 .5 3 23 13 103 65 27 23 42 23 “ 2 - 2 1 1 2 " " ~

26 3 7 .0 2C2.50 178.00 1 6 6 .5 0 - 2 2 8 .5 0 - - - - - - - i i 5 2 3 1 - 2 - 2 - - - - -

159 37. 5 183 .00 130 .30 1 2 3 .0 0 - 1 6 0 .0 3 - 1 1 5 39 33 16 18 13 22 2 _ _ 2 1 1 - - - - - -152 37. 5 181 .03 130.00 1 2 2 .0 0 - 1 5 0 .3 3 1 1 5 39 33 16 18 9 2 1 - - - 2 1 1 "

188 3 6 .5 132 .53 127.50 1 2 1 .3 0 - 1 3 8 .0 0 _ 1 2 5 66 85 1 2 1 1 31 _ _ 2 _ - - - - - - - - -162 36 . 5 132 .00 125.00 1 2 1 .0 0 - 1 3 8 .0 0 “ 1 2 5 64 32 1 1 9 27 “ “ 2 ” “ ~ “ “ “ “

See footnotes at end o f tab les .


Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers, Richmond, Va., June 1979— Continued

Occupation and industry d i v i s io n

Weekly earning! N u m ber of w o rk e r s r e c e i v in g s t ra igh t - t im e week ly earn ings of—

umber Average * ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft

weekly 10 0 105 113 115 125 135 145 155 175 195 215 2 35 255 275 295 315 335 355 375 395 415

odcers (standard Mean2 Median2 Middle range2 andunder - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - and

1C5 1 1 0 115 125 135 145 155 175 195 215 235 255 275 295 315 335 3 55 375 395 415 o v e r

P $ $ $1 26 3 7 .5 1 5 8 . CC 147 .50 1 2 3 .5 0 - 1 7 6 .5 ? — 2 2 31 1 2 15 15 16 3 13 14 - — — 3 — - ~ “ ~104 3 7 .5 158 .00 142.50 1 2 2 .0 0 - 1 9 9 .0 0 - 2 2 3? 1 1 9 1 0 13 - 10 14 - - - 3 - - ~ -

27 3 8 .5 2 0 2 . 0 ? 234 .50 1 2 4 . 5 0 - 2 3 4 .5 ? - - - 7 1 i - 1 - 14 - ~ - 3 “ “ “

1 2 2 38. 5 1 6 5 .0 ? 149 .50 1 2 8 .3 0 - 1 9 0 .5 1 _ 5 4 9 22 19 8 17 1 1 6 1 14 - 3 2 I - - - - -138 3 8 .5 160 .01 141 .50 1 2 7 .5 0 - 1 6 9 .5 0 - 5 4 9 22 19 7 17 5 2 - 14 * 2 1 1 “ ~ “ ■

229 3 8 . C 167 .02 159.00 1 4 0 .0 0 - 1 7 8 .0 3 _ _ 2 20 17 30 35 58 48 6 2 7 1 1 1 1 - - - - -73 38 . 5 18C.03 174 .00 1 5 5 .0 0 - 1 9 0 .0 ? - - - 1 - 6 1 1 22 18 3 2 7 1 1 1 - - - -

156 38. P 153.51' 153 .00 1 3 8 . CO-17C.0C - - 2 19 17 24 24 36 30 3 - - ~ * 1 “ “

237 3 9 . C 199 .0? 187 .50 1 6 6 .5 0 - 2 3 1 .0 ? _ 2 2 8 6 6 1 0 41 57 28 36 13 23 _ - - - 5 3 - -93 3 7 .5 20C.CC 187.50 1 7 4 .5 0 - 1 9 7 .5 ? - - - - - - 9 17 40 14 4 - 1 - - - - 5 3 -

144 3 9 .5 198 .00 205 .00 1 64 .0 .0 -232 .02 - 2 2 8 6 6 i 24 17 14 32 13 22 ” “ “ “ “

129 39. 5 216 .50 2 2 0 . 0 0 1 8 7 . 5 0 - 2 3 5 . CO - - - - - - i 2 41 19 33 13 23 - - - - - - - -

108 38. C 178 .00 165 .50 1 4 5 .0 0 - 1 8 5 .5 0 _ 2 2 8 6 6 9 39 16 9 3 - - - - - - 5 3 - -62 37. 5 203 .50 182 .50 1 6 5 . GO-202 .0? “ - - - “ - 9 17 16 9 3 - “ “ “ “ 5 3 “ ”

469 38. 5 179 .00 165.50 1 4 3 .5 0 - 2 0 8 .5 ? 7 8 5 86 130 206 144 274 169 103 131 1 0 1 34 17 13 19 19 3 - - -387 3 8 .5 2 0 0 . 0 0 2 0 0 . 0 0 1 6 7 .5 0 - 2 3 5 .0 0 - - - 33 1 8 10 i i 45 56 51 66 58 23 10 4 1 1 -

■ C82 38. r 172 .00 158 .50 1 3 9 . 5 0 - 1 8 5 .5 ? 7 8 5 53 1 1 2 196 133 229 113 52 65 43 i i 7 9 18 18 3 “ “ “

633 38. 3 197 .50 192 .00 15 6 . ? 0 - 2 3 4 .0 C _ _ _ 4 46 63 41 88 98 57 88 83 31 1 2 5 4 13 3 - - -165 3 8 .0 226 .50 23C.C0 1 9 7 .5 0 - 2 4 8 .5 3 - - - - - - 2 7 30 20 34 4r 2 3 7 4 1 - -468 3 8 . D 1 8 7 . 5C 175.50 1 4 6 .5 0 - 2 1 8 .5 ? - - - 4 46 63 39 81 68 37 54 43 1 1 5 i 3 13 3 “ “

8 36 3 8 .5 165 .50 1 5 2 .CO 1 3 8 .3 0 - 1 7 7 .5 0 7 8 5 8? 84 143 103 186 71 46 43 1 « 3 5 8 15 9 - - - -2 22 3 9 .0 lS ' - .O ? 179 .53 1 4 C .0 0 - 2 1 5 .0 3 - - - 33 18 10 9 38 26 31 32 18 3 3 - i - * -614 3 8 .5 160 .00 147.50 1 3 8 . 0 0 - 1 6 6 .0 ? 7 8 5 49 66 133 94 148 45 15 1 1 - 2 8 15 8 “ “ ~

89 38. 5 1 5 2 . OC 152.00 1 2 6 .3 0 - 1 7 8 .5 3 _ _ _ 7 1 8 18 7 15 24 _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - -68 3 9 .0 145 .00 140.53 1 2 6 .0 0 - 1 7 0 .5 0 “ “ “ 7 1 8 17 6 13 7 “ “ “ ” “ ” “ ~

"

52 3 9 . C 138.C0 1 4 0 . CO 1 2 6 .0 0 - 1 4 0 .5 0 - - - 7 18 18 i 2 6 - - - - - - - - - - - -

135 3 8 . C 196.50 186.03 1 6 5 .0 0 - 2 1 4 .0 0 _ _ _ i 5 4 9 41 16 26 6 1 1 4 3 2 4 3 - - - -48 3 8 .0 207 .50 197.50 1 6 7 .0 0 - 2 4 9 .5 3 - - - - - - 2 17 4 8 2 7 2 3 2 i -87 38. 0 190 .50 186.00 1 6 1 .5 0 - 1 9 5 .5 0 - - - 1 5 4 7 24 1 2 18 4 4 2 " - 4 2 “ “

721 3 8 .5 168.00 157.00 1 4 2 . 0 0 - 1 9 0 .0 ? 2 2 _ 34 31 156 100 158 86 76 51 13 1 2 5 7 - - - - -1 38 3 9 .0 181 .0? 172 .50 1 5 3 .5 0 - 2 0 0 .0 0 - - - - - 7 30 35 26 16 9 1 C 1 2 2 - - - -583 38. 5 165.00 155.00 1 3 9 .0 0 - 1 8 3 .0 0 2 2 - 34 31 149 70 123 60 60 42 - - 3 7 - - - -

73 39. 5 203 .50 195.00 1 5 5 .0 0 - 2 3 4 .5 0 - - t 3 8 7 12 5 8 19 - 3 7 " *

3 37 3 8 .5 174 .00 162 .50 1 4 6 . 5 0 - 2 0 0 .0 ? - - _ 9 1 0 60 54 58 39 60 32 10 1 2 2 - - - - _ _86 39. 0 1 9 1 . 5C 186.00 1 5 3 .5 0 - 2 1 7 .0 3 - - - - - 6 17 9 16 14 9 10 1 2 2 - - - - - -

251 38.*3 1 6 7 . 5D 157.50 1 4 2 . C O -1 9 9 .0 " - * 9 1 0 54 37 49 23 46 23 “ ~ ” - ~ - -

384 38. 5 162.50 155 .00 1 3 9 .5 0 -1 7 4 .3 3 2 2 - 25 2 1 96 46 100 47 16 19 - - - 3 7 - - _ _ _52 3 9 .0 163.00 158.00 1 5 3 .0 0 - 1 7 4 .0 ? - - - - - 1 13 26 10 2 - - - “ -

332 38. 5 162.50 151 .00 1 3 8 .0 0 - 1 7 4 .0 0 2 2 - 25 2 1 95 33 74 37 14 19 - 3 7 - - - - -

54 3 9 .0 215.00 234 .50 1 5 8 .0 0 - 2 3 4 .5 3 6 7 9 1 2 19 3 7

MESSENGERS --------------------------------------------NONMANUF A C T U R IN G --------------------------

PURLIC U T IL I T IE S ----------------------

SUITCHROARD OPERATORS ----------------------NONMANUFACTURINE --------------------------

SUITCHROARD OPERA TOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

ORDER CLERKS ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUF A C TU R IN G ---------------------------

ORDER CLERKS. CLASS A -------------------

ORDER CLERKS. CLASS P -------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS -------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUF A C T U R IN G ---------------------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS A ----------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURIN6 ---------------------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS R ----------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING---------------------------

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS ------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B ---------------------------------------------

PAYROLL CLERKS -------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS ----------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

PUBLIC U T IL I T IE S ------------------------

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A ------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS R ------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

PURLIC U T I L I T I F S ------------------------

See foo tn otes at end o f tab les .


Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers, Richmond, Va., June 1979

Occupat ion and in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(BUSINESS ! ---------------------------------------------

MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUF ACTURI N £ -----------------------------

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(B U S IN E S S I . CLASS A -----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUF »C T U R I N G -----------------------------

COMPUTER SYSTFMS ANALYSTS(B U S IN E S S ! . CLASS B -----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURINE -----------------------------

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(B U S IN E S S ! . CLASS C -----------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (BUSINESSI -----MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURINE -----------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (B U S IN E S S I ,CLASS A -----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (B U S IN E S S I .CLASS B -----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING------------------- ---------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (B U S IN E S S I .CLASS C -----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------

COMPUTER OPERATORS -------------------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURINE -----------------------------

PUBLIC U T I L I T I E S -------------------------

COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS A ---------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------

COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS R ---------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------

COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS C ---------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURINE -----------------------------

Weekly earning^^™ (standard)

Numberof

woikers

Averageweeklyhours1

(standard] Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2

288 38. 5$384 .53

$378.00

$ $ 3 4 5 .0 0 - 4 2 2 .0 0

1C9 38 .0 4 1 * . 5 3 40 3.50 3 5 6 .0 0 - 4 7 0 .0 0179 38. 5 366 .53 370.50 332 .*00 -399 .50

94 38. 5 427 .03 4 2 2 . oa 3 B * . 5 0 -4 5 6 .5 132 38. 5 4 7 6 . DC 477.00 4 2 2 .0 0 - 5 1 5 .5 062 38. 5 431 .50 399.53 3 7 9 .5 0 - 4 3 1 .5 0

124 38 .5 3 7 6 .5C 371.00 3 4 5 .3 0 - 4 0 3 .5 071 38 .0 391 .53 3 7 8 . CO 3 5 5 .0 0 - 4 3 3 .0 ?53 39. 5 356 .50 365.00 3 3 2 .0 0 - 3 8 3 .5 0

61 3 8 . C 337 .53 3*1 .50 3 1 2 .5 0 - 3 6 2 .5 055 3 8 .0 335 .03 341.50 3 1 1 . 5 0 - 3 6 2 . 5C

360 38. 0 282 .50 278.00 2 4 9 .5 0 - 3 1 7 .5 065 3 9 .0 321 .00 3 1 7 . 5B 2 8 8 .0 C -3 5 C .0 0

295 38. 0 274 .00 274.00 2 4 7 . 5 0 - 3 0 7 . 0 "

53 38. 5 3 3 9 .5C 331.00 3 1 5 .C O - 3 5 5 .5035 38. 5 329 .50 329.50 3 1 2 . C O - 3 4 2 .50

225 3 8 .0 288 .00 278.50 2 6 3 .0 0 - 3 1 7 .5 ?37 38. 5 318 .00 317.50 2 9 2 .0 0 -3 5 C .0 3

188 37. 5 282 .03 276.50 2 6 0 .3 0 - 3 0 7 .0 0

82 38. 5 230 .50 212. CO 2 0 1 .5 0 - 2 6 3 .3 072 38. 5 226 .01 2 1 2 . 0 0 2 0 1 . 3 0 - 2 * 9 . 5 3

372 38. 5 208 .50 203.00 1 7 1 .5 0 - 2 3 4 .5 3117 39. 0 2 3 2 . 5C 233.50 1 9 9 . C O -2 6 5 .03255 38. 0 197.53 192.00 1 6 5 .5 0 - 2 3 2 .0 0

56 38. 5 209 .50 234.50 1 6 1 .5 0 - 2 3 4 .5 0

69 38. 5 246 .00 245.00 2 1 5 . C O -2 7 7 .5345 38. 5 227 .53 222.50 2 0 1 .5 0 - 2 4 7 .5 0

190 3 8 .5 216 .00 216.50 1 8 9 .5 0 - 2 3 4 .5 055 3 9 .0 233 .50 225.00 2 0 7 .0 0 - 2 6 0 .0 3

135 3 8 .0 209 .00 203.00 1 8 7 .0 0 - 2 3 4 .5 0

113 38. 5 173 .00 160.00 1 * 7 . 5 0 - 1 9 5 . 0 038 39 .0 21C.03 194.00 1 6 0 .0 0 - 2 3 6 .0 ?75 38. 5 159 .53 154.00 1 4 4 .C 0 -1 7 C .0 ?

Num ber of w o rk e r s r e c e i v in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly earn ings of—

t * ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft < s s S ft ft ft ft ft ft1 2 0 140 160 180 2 00 220 240 260 280 300 320 34? 363 380 400 *2 0 44C 4 AP 48C 50^ 5??

and _ andunder

14C 160 180 2C0 2 2 0 240 260 280 300 320 340 363 38 C 4P0 4 20 4 4? 4 AC 480 50C 52P ov e r

- - 1 i - 3 3 1 0 22 2 2 4? 49 39 24 22 16 14 A 1C A- - - 1 - - - - - 3 5 20 16 8 10 7 8 1 1 4 1C A

“ i ~ 3 3 1 0 19 17 2 ? 33 31 14 15 8 3 2 “

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 5 4 9 18 8 15 i i A 4 7 A- - - - - - - - - - - 1 2 i 2 3 4 4 2 7 * 6

“ ” “ 1 5 3 7 17 A 1 2 7 2 2 ~

_ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 A 7 9 26 24 16 1 2 5 A 8 2 2- - - - - - - - 2 4 19 13 7 7 4 4 7 2 2 -“ “ ” ” “ ” i 1 A 5 5 7 1 1 9 5 i 1 1 “ -

_ _ _ 1 i _ i 2 4 14 7 i ? 15 3 2 _ 1- - - - i - 1 2 4 13 6 13 14 3 i - - - - 7 -

_ _ 3 15 35 14 44 7A 39 47 40 27 9 5 3 2 - _ • 1 _ _- - - - - i 4 i i 7 1 2 8 8 8 2 1 2 - - 1 - _” ” 3 15 35 13 40 65 32 35 32 19 1 3 2 “ ~ -

_ _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ 5 12 15 A 3 4 3 2 1“ ” “ “ 2 4 8 1 1 4 l 3 2 ” - - - -

_ _ _ _ 7 9 32 70 29 25 25 21 A 1 _ _ .- - - - - - 2 A 4 8 4 A A 1 - - - _ _ _ _

- - “ “ 7 9 30 64 25 17 2 1 15 " - - -

_ _ 3 15 28 5 1 0 A 5 10- - 3 15 28 4 8 i 3 10

10 51 48 59 54 69 31 26 1 0 7 5 1 - t _ _ _ _ _ _ _- 8 i i i i 16 20 15 17 9 5 3 1 - 1 - - - - - - -

10 43 37 48 38 49 16 9 i 2 2

- 13 2 5 4 29 1 - “ 2

_ _ 2 7 1 0 1 1 1 2 15 A 3 2 1 - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _

- - 2 7 1 0 10 A 9 i

_ 5 24 41 3 A 50 1 5 8 4 3 3 - - l - - - _ _ - _

- - 4 A 1 2 1 3 5 8 4 1 1 - - 1 - - - - - - -

- 5 20 35 24 37 1 0 - - 2 2

10 * 6 22 i i 8 8 4 3 - 1- a 7 5 4 A 4 3 - 1

1 0 38 15 A 4 2

* W o rk e r s w e r e d is t r ibu ted as f o l l o w s : 2 at $520 to $540; 2 at $560 to $580; 1 at $580 to $600; and 1 at $600 to $620.

S ee foo tn o tes at end o f ta b le s .


Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers, Richmond, Va., June 1979— Continued

Occupation and indus t ry d i v i s io nAverageweeklyhours1

(standard)

Weekly earnings (standard)

Median2

N um ber of w o rk e rs r e c e i v in g s t ra igh t - t im e week ly earn ings of—

120 1*0 160 ISO 200 220 2 *0 260 280 300 320 3*0 360 380 *00 *2 0 * *B *60 *80 500 520

and _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ andunder

1*0 160 180 200 220 2*0 260 280 300 320 3 *0 360 380 *00 *20 * * 0 *6 0 *8 0 50C 520 o v e r

DRAFTERS --------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g

10378

39. 5 39. 0

$256 .00263 .00

2 * 6 . 0 0250.00

P 2 C .5 0 -2 8 1 .0 0 2 3 1 .0 0 —282 .00

8 12 2* 19 102 8 20 18 10

5 25 2

d r a f t e r s , c l a s s b m a n u f a c t u r i n g

5739

3 9 .5 2 * * . 5 0 3 9 .0 259 .5 0

2 3 * .5 0 261.50

2 0 9 .5 0 - 2 6 9 .0 0 2 3 * . 0 0 - 2 8 1 . 0 0

2 7 10 12- 1 6 8

5 10 5 1* 10 5 1

1 *1 3

DRAFTERS. CLASS C MANUFACTURING —

2828

3 9 .5 2 3 * .0 03 9 .5 2 3 * . 0 0

23*.002 3 * . 00

2 2 6 . 0 0 - 2 * 9 .0 02 2 6 . 0 0 - 2 * 9 .0 0

1 2 12 131 2 12 13

REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL NURSES -----------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------

63*9

38. 5 38. 5

265 .5 0 268 .50271 .5 0 2 7 0 . 5C

2 * 1 . 5 0 - 2 9 3 . 0 02 5 3 .5 0 - 2 9 2 .0 0

62

3 5 7 19 7 83 * 7 18 5 6

3 13 1

See footnotes at end of tab les.


Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sexRichmond, Va., June 1979

Occupation , s e x , 3 and industry d iv is ion

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - MEN

MESSENGERS -----------------------------------NONMANUF AC TURI NG ------------------

ORDER CLERKS -------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS:NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

PURLIC U T I L I T I F S -------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS a : NONMANUFACTURING -----------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS R

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN

SECRETARIES --------------------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------


SECRETARIES. CLASS A ----------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS B ----------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS C ----------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS D ----------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

PURLIC U T I L I T I F S ------------

SECRETARIES. CLASS E ----------

STENOGRAPHERS ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------


STENOGRAPHERS. SENIOR --------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL ------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

PUBLIC U T IL I T I E S ------------

TRANSCRIRING-MACHINE t y p i s t s NONMANUF A C T U R IN F ----------------

Number0>f

workers

Average(mean2)

Week r̂hours

(standard)

Weeklyearnings1(standard)

81 37 .1$158 .50

61 37. P 158 .00

93 4 3 . P 222 .5091 4 3 .0 221 .53

85 38. 5 253 .5056 4 3 .0 273 .51

61 38. 5 256 .50

<U 39. 5 2 3 ” . 5 1

1 . 6 8 6 3 8 .0 238 .00614 38. 5 226 .53

1 .072 38. ° 197 .5 ' '142 39 . 5 253 .50

47 38 .0 2 5 1 .0 P32 3 8 .0 251.0.3

354 3 8 .0 233 .00191 37. 5 2 1 6 .CJ

591 38. 5 212 .50294 38. 5 2 2 1 .50297 38. 5 203 .53

399 38. 0 205 .5078 38. 0 219 .0 ' '

321 38 . 0 2 0 2 . 0 061 3 9 .0 265 .50

271 38. D 165 .50

253 38. 5 208 .5020C 3 8 .5 201 .50114 39. 5 234 .50

87 3 9 .0 2 2 9 . o r53 3 8 .5 216 .00

166 3 8 .5 197 .50147 38. 5 196 .50

94 39. 5 227 .00

115 38. 5 164 .0386 3 8 .5 16 ?• C °

Occupat ion, sex, and industry d iv is ion

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WO ME N — CONTINUED

MANUFACTURING --------NONMANUFACTURING —

PURLIC U T IL IT IE S

T Y P IS T S . CLASS A - m a n u f a c t u r i n g —NONMANUFACTURING

T Y P IS T S . CLASS B -----NONMANUFACTURING - -

PURLIC U T IL I T IE S

m a n u f a c t u r i n g —NONMANUF ACTURI NG

FILE CLERKS. CLASS B NONMANUFACTURING —

FILE CLERKS. CLASS C NONMANUFACTURING —

MESSENGERS ----------------NONMANUF ACTURING

SWITCHROARO OPERATORS NONMANUFACTURING - -

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONTSTS-MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------------

ORDER CLERKS ------------MANUFACTURING ----NONMANUF ACTURING

ORDER CLERKS. CLASS A --------

ORDER CLERKS. CLASS P --------MANUFACTURING ----------------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS --------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS AMANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS PMANUFACTURING ----------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------

NONMANUF ACTURING

Numberof

workers

Average(mean2)

Weeklyhours1

(standard)

Weeklyearnings1(standard)

689 3 7 .5$152 .00

68 3 8 . t? 1 7 1 . 5C621 3 7 .5 150 .00171 3 9 .0 174 .50

232 3 7 . P 163.5045 3 8 . C 179 .00

187 3 7 . P 159 .50

4 57 3 7 .5 146 .50434 37. 5 1 4 5 . 5C154 38. 5 174 .00

365 37. r 141 .0044 3 7 . P 168 .50

321 3 7 .0 1 3 7 . 5C

157 37. 5 142 .00150 37. 5 140 .00

184 36. 5 132 .50162 36. 5 132 .00

45 38. 5 157 .5043 3 8 .5 158 .50

1 2 2 38 . 5 165 .00108 3 8 .5 16C.00

2 27 3 8 .0 161 .5071 38. 5 178 .50

156 3 8 .0 153 .50

144 3 8 .0 184 .0091 37. 5 198 .5053 3 9 .0 1 5 8 . 5P

4C 3 9 .0 2 0 0 . 0 0

104 3 8 .0 178 .0360 37. 5 2C1.50

1 .328 3 8 .0 172 .03331 38. 5 194 .03997 3 8 . C 165 .00

539 3 8 .0 188 .00132 38. 0 2 2 1 .OP407 3 8 . D 177 .00

789 38. 5 161 .53199 3 9 .0 175 .50590 3 8 .5 156 .50

89 3 8 .5 152 .0068 3 9 .0 145 .00

Occupat ion, s e x . 3 and industry d iv is ion

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN— CONTINUED

CONTINUED

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS. CLASS B ----------------------------------------

PAYROLL CLERKS --------MANUFACTURING ----NONMANUFACTURI NG

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS —MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING —

PUBLIC U T IL I T IE S

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS.MANUFACTURING ---------NONMANUFACTURING —

KEY ENTRY OPERATORS.MANUFACTURING --------NONMANUFACTURING - -

PUBLIC U T IL I T IE S

CLASS A -------

CLASS B ------

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(BUSINESS! --------------------------

MANUFACTURING ----------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(B U S IN E S S ) . CLASS A --------MANUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUF AC TU R IN G --------------

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(B U S IN E S S ) . CLASS B --------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(B U S IN E S S ) . CLASS C --------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (BUSINESS) —MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS (B U S IN E S S ) . CLASS A --------------------------------------------

Average(mean2)

Numberof

workersWeekly hours * standard)

Weeklyearnings1[standard)

52 39 .0$138 .00

128 3 8 .0 191 .5044 37 .5 203 .0084 3 8 .0 1 8 5 .5C

711 3 8 .5 168 .00137 3 9 .0 180 .00574 38 .5 165*00

73 39. 5 203 .50

333 38 .5 174 .0085 39 .0 19C.50

248 3 8 .0 1 6 8 .OC

378 38 .5 162 .5052 39 .0 163 .00

326 38 .5 162 .5054 39 .0 215.00

220 38 .5 3 8 8 .on86 38. 0 4 2 1 .OC

134 38. 5 366 .50

71 3 8 .5 430 .5028 38. 5 478 .5043 38. 5 399 .50

90 38 .5 383 .0052 38 .0 3 9 7 .OD38 3 9 .5 364 .00

51 3 8 .0 3 3 8 .OC45 3 8 .0 3 3 5 .5C

208 38 .0 294 .0040 3 8 .5 332 .50

168 3 8 .0 285 .00

32 38. 5 343 .50



Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex,Richmond, Va., June 1979— Continued

Occupation, s e x , 3 and industry d i v i s io nNumber

ofworker*

~ 5 T

Occupat ion, sex, and industry d iv i s ionNumber

ofwoiicen

Average(mean2)

Occupation, s e x . 3 and industry d i v i s io n

Average(mean2)

Week hr hour*

(standard]

Weeklyearning*1(standard)

Weekly houn*

(standard)

Weeklyearning!1(standard)

Numberof

worker*Weeklyhoun*

(itandard)

Weeklyearning*1(itandard)

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL PROFESSIONAL ANO TECHNICAL PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICALOCCUPATIONS - HEN— CONTINUED OCCUPATIONS - HEN— CONTINUED OCCUPATIONS - UOHFN— CONTINUED

COHPUTER PROGRAHHERS (BUSINESS ) - DRAFTERS -------------------------------------------------- 92 3 9 .5 256 .00 COHPUTER PROGRAHHERS (BUSINESS ) ----- 152 3 8 . C$266•

CONTINUED HANUFACTURING ---------------------------------- 71 3 9 .0 262 .50 HANUFACTURING ----------------------------------- 25 3 9 . C 331 .53NONHANUFACTURING ----------------------------- 127 3 8 . C 2 5 9 .5 0

COHPUTER PR06RA HHERS (B U S IN E S S ) . $ DRAFTERS. CLASS B ----------------------------- 49 39. 5 244 .00CLASS 8 ---------------------------------------------- 141 3 8 .0 2 9 8 .OC HANUFACTURING ---------------------------------- 34 39. C 257 .50 COHPUTER PROGRAHHFRS (B U S IN E S S ) .HANUFACTURING ---------------------------------- 26 3 8 .5 327 .00 CLASS B ----------------------------------------------- 84 3 7 .5 2 7 1 . OC

115 3 7 .5 292 .0 0 27W ur hi, i u® 1 Nc j —HANUFACTURING ---------------------------------- 27 39. 5 235 .50

COHPUTER PROGRAHHERS (B U S IN E S S ) . COHPUTER PROGRAHHERS (B U S IN E S S ) .35 3 9 .0 23 2 .5 0

NONHANUFACTURING ----------------------------- 33 3 9 .0 231 .00 NONHANUFACTURING ----------------------------- 39 3 8 .0 2 2 1 . 5CPROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL

COHPUTER OPERATORS ------------------------------- 226 38. 5 2 1 0 . 0 0 OCCUPATIONS - UOHEN COHPUTER o p e r a t o r s :HANUFACTURING ---------------------------------- 63 3 8 .5 245 .50 HANUFACTURING ----------------------------------- 54 39 . 5 217 .5 0

COHPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS A --------- 56 3 8 .5 249 .0 0 COHPUTER SYSTEHS ANALYSTS COHPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B:37 3 8 .5 68 38. 5 370 .50 26 3 9 .0 2 3 3 .0 0HurtrXNur hu i un i me — — — — — —— — — — — — — — —

NONHANUFACTURING ----------------------------- 45 38 .5 366 .50COHPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS RI COHPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS C --------- 50 3 9 . C 1 7 3 . OC

HANUFACTURING ---------------------------------- 29 3 9 .0 234 .5 0 COHPUTER SYSTEHS ANALYSTS NONHANUFACTURING ----------------------------- 27 3 8 .0 15 9 .5 0

(B U S IN E S S ) . CLASS B ----------------------- 34 38 .5 358 .50COHPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS C --------- 58 38. 5 175 .5 0 REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL NURSES ----------- 63 38 . 5 2 6 5 .5 3

NONHANUFACTURING ----------------------------- 43 3 9 .0 161 .5 0 HANUFACTURING ----------------------------------- 49 3 8 .5 2 7 1 .5 3



Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers, Richmond, Va., June 1979

Occupation and industry d i v i s io n

MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS -----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

MAINTENANCE ELECTRICIANS -------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------

MAINTENANCE PAINTERS ---------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------

m a i n t e n a n c e m a c h i n i s t s -----------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MACHINERY) -MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------

m a i n t e n a n c e m e c h a n i c s(MOTOR VEHICLES) ---------------------------------

m a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------------

PUBLIC U T IL I T IE S -------------------------

MAINTENANCE P IPEF ITTERS ---------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------

STATIONARY ENGINEERS ---------------------------MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------

BOILER TENDERS ---------------------------------------

Hourly earnings 4 Num ber o f w o r k e r s r e ce iv in g s t ra igh t - t im e hour ly earn ings o f—

Number % * * 1 ---- * % A % t S % S % S s 4 * * 4 s 4 43 .10 3 .30 3 .50 3 .7 0 3 .90 A . 10 A . 30 A . 50 A . 70 A . 90 5 .10 5 .5 0 5 .90 6 .30 6 .70 7 .1 0 7 . 50 7 .90 8 . 30 8 .70 9 . 10 9 .50 9 .90

workers Mean 2 Median2 Middle range 2 andunder

3 .30 3 .50 3 .70 3 .90 A . 10 A . 30 A . 50 A . 70 A . 90 5 .10 5 .5 0 5 .90 5 .30 6.7C 7 .1 0 7 . 50 7 .9 0 8 .30 8 .70 9 .10 50 9 .9 0 1 0 .3 0

$ $ $ $# 7 8 .7 8 8 .94 8 .7 A - 9 .42 - - - - - - - 2 - - - 1 - - 3 4 - - 17 9 - it29 9 .3 8 9. 42 8 .9 4 - 9. 90 i - " 1 2 5 “ i i

3A2 9 .0 7 8 . 94 8 .5 9 - 9 .90 4 _ 5 15 13 5 49 1 1 0 1 2 8 1 2 1301 9 .16 8 . 94 8 .7 7- 9 .90 4 - 5 9 1 2 5 19 109 9 8 1 2 1

58 6 .6 4 7 . 1A 5 .0 5 - 8 . 30 _ 4 - 4 2 2 2 _ 2 _ 3 4 3 2 4 9 1 1 1 _ 5 _ _26 8 .1 5 8 .33 7 .5 1 - 8 .62 i - 2 - 9 1 8 - 5 - -32 5.A1 5 .33 3 .9 5 - 6 . 50 4 - 4 2 2 2 ~ 2 - 3 3 3 - 4 - - 3 - - -

387 8 .81 9. 90 7 .5 2 - 9. 95 1 _ l 38 16 1 0 1 _ 2 25 _ _ 20 3385 8.81 9. 90 7 . 5 2 - 9. 95 1 - 1 38 16 1 0 1 - - 25 ~ - 203

934 9 .1 0 9. 85 8 .7 7 - 9. 85 - _ _ _ _ 3 2 _ _ 1 6 4 24 39 23 58 17 1 27 119 2 504 104895 9.1 8 9. 85 8 .7 7 - 9. 85 - - - - - 3 - - 1 2 4 2 1 39 1A 55 17 1 15 113 2 50A 1C A

39 7. 3A 7 .10 6 . 7 7 - 8. 57 ~ ~ ~ 2 “ “ “ 4 “ 3 " 9 3 ” “ 1 2 6 ~ ~

278 7. 26 7 . CO 6 . 0 0 - 8.C1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . 6 5 22 17 56 4 35 1 2 A7 19 2 5 2 4 A246 6 . 32 6 . 1 1 5 .3 3 - 6 . 82 - - - - - - - 6 5 2 8 1 0 3 1 1 3 1 1 3 - - 2

232 7 .4 5 7. 40 6 .CC- 8 . 0 1 20 9 46 1 3A 1 1 AA 18 1 2 2 4 AO128 8 .2 6 7 .83 7 .54 -1 0. 28 6 9 i i 3 9 A3 1 2 “ - 4 AC

138 9 .0 3 8 . 94 8 .7 7 - 8. 94 3 _ 3 108 _ _ 2 A138 9.C 3 8 .94 8 .7 7 - 8. 94 3 - 3 108 - - 2 A

57 8.C7 8 . 44 7 . 9 3 - 8. 94 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ i - _ 1 2 - _ 1 1 8 2 A _ _ _

5A 8 .16 8 . 44 7 .9 3 - 8. 94 1 2 - - 1 1 7 2A - -

A1 7 .1 A 7 .96 6 . 0 7 - 8. A5 1 i 1 i ~ “ - 1 2 * - " 1A i i

See foo tnotes at end o f tab le s .


Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers, Richmond, Va., June 1979

Occupat ion and industry d i v is ion

Hourly earnings * Num ber o f w o rk e r s r e c e iv in g s t ra igh t - t im e hourly earn ings o f—

Number 4 4 * t 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 i s 4 4 4 4 4 4 42 .90 3 . DP 3 . IP 3 .20 3 .40 3 .60 3 .8 0 4 .00 4 .20 4 .60 5 .0 0 5 .40 5 .8 0 6 .2 7 6 . 6 0 7.0C 7 . 40 7 .80 8. 20 8 . 6 C 9.0C 9 .4 n 9 .8 0

workers Meani 2 Median2 Middle range 2 andunder - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

3 .00 3 .13 3. 20 3 .4Q 3 .6 0 3 .80 4 .0 0 4 .20 4 .60 5 .00 5 .40 5 .80 6 . 2 0 6 . 60 7 .0 0 7 . 40 7 . 80 8 . 23 8. 63 9 . CO 9 .4 0 9 .8 3 1 0 . 2 0

$ $ $ $1 .8 2 5 6 .1 4 5 .75 4 . 3 5 - 7 .50 8 4 2 40 80 83 40 1 2 0 143 236 81 80 124 17 1 2 147 260 _ 7 64 147 80 50

351 5 .5 2 4 .81 4 . 7 8 - 7 .31 - - - 5 - 4 1 0 24 37 107 25 6 37 2 4 33 56 - 1 - - - -1 .474 6 . 28 5 . 94 4 . 2 0 - 7 .67 8 4 2 35 80 79 30 96 106 129 56 74 87 15 8 114 204 - 6 64 147 87 53

771 7. 36 7. 50 5 . 4 5 - 9 .38 ~ - “ 1 2 - - 1 2 45 108 3 33 7 1 7 104 162 - - - 147 83 5T

74 4 .3 4 4 .0 5 3 . 5 3 - 5 .38 2 2 2 6 1 2 ID _ 14 3 _ 5 9 6 _ _ 2 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _28 4 .9 1 4. 55 4 . 0 6 - 5.6C - - - - - - - 14 - - 5 2 6 - - - - - t - - - -46 4 . CO 3. 50 3 . 3 1 - 4 .3 2 2 2 2 6 1 2 10 - 3 “ - 7 - - - 2 - - - - - - -

241 5 .6 2 5 .8 2 4 . 1 0 - 7 .50 _ _ _ 1 0 5 14 8 32 20 2 1 8 2 31 2 2 6 83 _ _ _ _ - _83 5 .0 2 4 .78 4 . 2 8 - 5 .82 - - - 5 - 4 5 5 1 2 15 - 2 31 2 i 1 “ - - - ' _ -

158 5 .9 3 7 . 50 4 . 0 5 - 7 .50 - - - 5 5 10 3 27 8 6 8 - - 1 5 8C - “ ~

510 5 . C 2 4 .60 3 . 7 5 - 5 .94 6 _ _ 24 51 59 26 56 33 75 2 1 16 64 2 1 7 27 - 4 1 0 28 - -447 5 .0 4 4. 20 3 . 7 5 - 5 .94 6 - - 24 51 59 26 56 33 13 2 1 16 64 2 l 6 27 - 4 IP 28 -

68 8 .0 7 7 .5 0 7 . 5 0 - 9 .38 1 3 i 1 1 6 27 - 28 “

895 6 . 8 6 7 .10 4 . 8 1 - 8 .81 _ 2 _ _ _ _ 6 6 87 140 47 53 23 13 9 172 1 52 _ 2 54 119 87 -147 5 .8 5 5. 29 4 . 8*?— 7 .44 - - - - - - 5 5 25 30 20 2 - - 3 1 56 - - - - - -748 7 .0 6 7 .1 0 5 . 0 0 — 9 .3 8 - 2 - - - - i i 62 1 1 0 27 51 23 13 6 I 'M 96 - 2 54 119 87 -541 7 .1 7 7 .10 4 .8 C - 9 .3 8 - - - - - - - 45 108 - 30 6 6 93 54 - 119 8 ?

128 6 . C 4 7 .04 4 . 1 5 - 7 .47 _ - _ - 4 4 4 33 - 1 2 _ 1 2 3 1 _ 64 _ _ _ _ - _98 6 .4 7 7 .47 4 . 1 8 - 7 .52 - - - - - - - 27 - - 1 - 3 3 - 64 - - - - -

105 5 .3 3 5. 53 4 . 1 0 - 6 .0 0 _ _ i 2 - 3 9 15 3 6 10 20 16 5 4 4 7 _ _ _ _ _ _43 5 .9 4 6 .0 6 5 . 3 8 - 6 .9 5 - - - - - - - 5 2 3 4 5 5 4 4 tt 7 - _ - _ _ -

62 4 .9 0 5. 38 4 . 0 3 - 5 .7 2 - - i 2 - 3 9 10 i 3 6 15 1 1 1 - - - - * - - - -

1 0 1 5 .61 5. 36 4 . 5 0 - 6 .8 7 - - - - - - _ 9 2 1 13 9 10 3 1 1 3 22 _ _ _ _ _ _ _63 5 .0 6 4 .87 4 . 3 8 - 5 .44 - - “ - - 9 15 13 6 9 3 l 2 5 - - - - - - -

455 4 .8 9 4 .73 3 .7 C - 5 .7 9 8 28 1 2 6 54 28 7 19 41 56 30 52 23 17 54 - _ 2 3 15 _ _65 5 .4 9 5 .73 5 . 2 5 - 5 .7 5 - - - - - - - 1 7 5 5 31 14 2 - - - - - - - - -

390 4 .7 9 4. 55 3 . 5 5 - 5 .81 8 28 1 2 6 54 28 7 18 34 51 25 2 1 9 18 54 - - 2 3 15 - -

501 5 .2 3 5 .82 3 . 7 8 - 5 .8 3 4 1 _ 1 2 23 88 4 19 1 3 13 17 34 198 9 59 - 7 _ _ _ _ _ _1 0 1 4 .7 2 4 .6 2 3 . 7 1 - 5 .4C - - - - 4 36 - - 9 6 1 0 28 i - - - 7 - - - - - -4QC 5 .3 6 5 .83 4 . 0 1 - 5 .9 3 4 1 - 1 2 19 52 4 19 4 7 7 6 197 9 59 - -

t i l 6 .2 9 6 .77 4 . 4 2 - 8 .07 _ 7 - _ _ _ _ _ 33 3 _ 6 _ _ in _ 13 37 2 _ _ _ _104 6 .5 1 7 .17 4 . 5 5 - 8 .07 - - “ - - - - - 33 3 - 6 - 1 C - 13 37 2 - - - -

8 96 5 . CO 4. 65 4 . 0 7 - 5 .77 4 2 1 - 57 42 3 44 139 135 81 60 103 6 1 2 1 1 1 65 13 - _ _ _ _ _

671 4 .8 3 4 .3 5 4 . 0 7 - 5 .1 5 - 15 - 49 34 3 44 134 107 80 44 15 3 8 83 4f> 1 2 - - - _ _ _

225 5 .51 5 .67 4 . 5 0 - 6 .4 5 4 6 - 8 8 - - 5 28 1 16 88 3 4 28 25 1 - - - - - -

57 6 . 32 6 .7 5 5 . 2 2 - 7 .3 0 - - - - - - - 5 1 1 0 10 - 2 3 25 1 - - - - - -

766 5 .7 7 5 .04 4 . 9 8 - 6 .91 - - - 1 2 7 19 5 15 54 232 53 16 87 _ 158 _ 43 17 48 _ _ _ _634 5 .7 4 4. 98 4 . 9 8 - 6 .9 8 - - - 8 - 19 5 13 44 232 53 16 2 1 - 115 - 43 17 48 - - - -

132 5 .91 5 .94 5 . 9 4 - 6 .9 0 4 7 2 10 6 6 43

TRUCKDRIVERS ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURINE ----------------------

PUBLIC U T IL I T IE S ------------------

TRUCKDRIVERS* LIGHT TRUCK ------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------

TRUCKDRIVERS* MEDIUM TRUCK ----MANUFACTURING ----------------------------NONMANUF ACTURIN6 ----------------------

TRUCKDRIVERS* HEAVY TRUCK ------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------


TRUCKDRIVERS. TRACTOR-TRAILERMANUFACTURING ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------


SHIPPERS --------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------

RECEIVERS ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------

SHIPPERS AND RECEIVERS -----------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------

WAREHOUSEMEN ------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------------------

OROER FILLERS ----------------------------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------

SHIPPING PACKERS ----------------------------5 , MANUFACTURING----------------------------

i MATERIAL HANOLING LABORERS ---------* MANUFACTURING ----------------------------

NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------PUBLIC U T IL I T IE S -------------------

meFORKLIFT OPERATORS -------------------------

MANUFACTURING ----------------------------' NONMANUFACTURING -----------------------

See foo tn otes at end o f tab les .


Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers, Richmond, Va., June 1979— Continued

Occupation and industry divisionNumber

ofworkers Mean

Hourly earnings 4

* Median2 Middle

N um ber o f w o rk e r s r e c e i v in g s t ra igh t - t im e hour ly earn ings o f—

2.9C 3.30 3.10 3-40 3 . 3 - R 0 4 -00 n o n a a h r nn r an r Ani i i i i i S i I 16.2D 6 .60 7 .00 7 .40 7 .80 8.20 8.60 9.00 9.40 9.80

range 2 andunder

$

3.00 3.10 3.20 3.60 3.80 4 .00 4.20 4.60 5.00 5 .40 5.80 6 .20

GUARDS --------------------------MANUFACTURING — N0NMANUF ACTURING

470129341

4. 296 . 213.56

3.496.702.92

2 .9 0 - 5.4C 1785 .2 3 - 6 .802 .9 0 - 3.93 178

25

25

15

15

12

12

8 8 33 27 17 9 10- - 8 12 12 - 18 8 25 15 5 9 9

6.63 7 .00 7 .40 7.80 8 .20 8.60 9.00 9.40 9.8010.20

2020

GUARDS. CLASS B — MANUFACTURING NONMANUFACTURING

356129227

4.32 6 . 21 3.24

3.25 2 .9 3 - 5.236.70 5 .2 3 - 6 .802.90 2 .9 3 - 3.30

137

137

17

17

12

1?

7

7

8 6 21 25 13- - 8 12 128 6 1 3 13 1

1 - 661 - 66

2020

JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS ------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------

PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ----------------------------

2.308656

1.35252

4.02 5.55 3. 28 5.30

3.165.702.905.19

2 .9 0 - 4 .2 3 -2 .9 0 - 4 .3 3 -

4.73 78P6 .793.25 7806.39

1675

16?

128 78 61 42 47 62 84 73 75 14 51 231 16 3335 14 29 22 35 31 81 25 51 - 42 231 7 3393 64 32 20 12 31 3 48 24 14 9 - 9 -

5 1 - 3 2 9 - 14 - - 8 - 9 -

1

11

See fo o tnotes at end o f tab les .


Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, powerplant, material movement and custodial workers, by sex, Richmond, Va., June 1979

Occupation, sex, and industry d iv i s ionAverage (mean2) hourly

earnings4Occupat ion , sex , and industry d iv i s ion

Average(mean2)hourly

earnings4

MAINTENANCE. TOOL ROOM t AND POWERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - BEN

MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN— CONTINUED

MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS - MANUFACTURING ------------

MAINTENANCE ELECTRICIANS MANUFACTURING ------------

4729

342301

8 .7 8 9 . 38

TRUCKDRIVERS CONTINUED

TRUCKORIVERS. LIGHT TRUCK9 .0 7 MANUFACTURING -----------------9 .1 6 NONMANUFACTURING ------------

m a in t e n a n c e p a i n t e r s -----------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

MAINTENANCE m a c h i n is t s --------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------

MAINTENANCE MECHANICS (MACHINERY) -MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

MAINTENANCE m e c h a n ic s(MOTOR VEHICLES) ----------------------------

MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ---------------------

MAINTENANCE P IP E F ITTE R S ------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------

STATIONARY ENGINEERS -----------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------

5632

387385

926887

39

27644

232128

138138

5754

6 .6 45 .4 1

8 .8 1 8 . 81

9 . 10 9 . 1 8 7 . 3 4

7 .2 6 6 . 26 7 . 4 5 8 . 26

9 .C 39 .C 3

8 .0 78 .1 6

TRUCKDRIVERS* MEDIUM TRUCK ---------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

TRUCKORIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK -----------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------


TRUCKDRIVERS. TRACTOR-TRAILER ----NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------


SHIPPERS -------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------

RECEIVERS ------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

SHIPPERS AND RECEIVERS -------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------

BOILER TENDERS 41 7 .1 4 WAREHOUSEMEN ----------MANUFACTURING ---NONMANUFACTURING

MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN

ORDER F ILLE R S --------NONMANUFACTURING

TRUCKDRIVERS -------------MANUFACTURING ------NONMANUFACTURING —

PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S

1 .781314

1 .467771

6.115 .2 9 6 . 28 7 .3 6

SHIPPING PACKERS MANUFACTURING

72$4 . 38

28 4 .9144 4.C4

241 5 .6 283 5 .0 2

158 5 .9 3

509 5. C 24 47 5. G4

68 8 .0 7

854 6 .8 3743 7 .0 6541 7 .1 7

106 6 .4 376 7 .1 4

92 5 .2 435 5 .6457 4 .9 9

88 5 .6 950 5.C6

402 5 .3 349 5. 50

353 4 .9 6

355 5 .6 9303 5 .7 6

1 0 2 6 .5 01 0 1 6 .5 4

Occupat ion, s e x , 3 and industry d i v i s io nNumber

ofwo deers

Average(mean2)hourly

earnings4

MATERIAL MOVEMENT ANO CUST00I4L OCCUPATIONS - MEN— CONTINUED

MATERIAL HANDLING LABORERS -------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ----------------------

FORKLIFT OPERATORS ---------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

GUARDS -----------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

6UAR0S. CLASS R -----------------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

JANITORS, PORTERS. AND CLEANERS ----MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------

PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ----------------------

762$5 .1 6

541 5 . C l2 2 1 5 .51

57 6 .3 2

762 5 .7 76 30 5 .7 4132 5 .9 1

427 4 .3 7128 6 . 2 0299 3 .5 8

336 4 .3 7128 6 . 20208 3 . 25

1 .42C 4 .1 8491 5 .7 6929 3 .3 4

46 5 .4 0

MATERIAL MOVEMENT OCCUPATIONS

AND CUSTODIAL - WOMEN

OROER FILLER S --------------------

MATERIAL HANDLING LABORERS MANUFACTURING ---------------

146

134130

4. 12i4 .1 24 .0 7

GUARDS --------------------NONMANUFACTURING

43 3 .5 442 3 . 4 3

JAN ITORS. PORTERS. MANUFACTURING — NONMANUFACTURING

AND CLEANERS ---- 564 3.141 4.423 3.

537213



Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups,Richmond, Va., for selected periods

Industry and occupat ional group 5M a rc h 1972

toM a r c h 1973

M a rc h 1973 to

M a r c h 1974

M archJune

1974 to 1975 June 1975

toJune 1976

June 1976 to

June 1977

June 1977 to

June 1978

June 197 8 to

June 197915-month in c r ea s e

Annual ra te o f i n c r ea s e

A l l industr ies :O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ____ . . _________ _____ _ . . __ . . 5.8 7.8 11.4 9.0 6.5 5.6 6.9 8.0E l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s in g . . . . . . . . _____ . . ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 9.2 7.3 4.7 7.0 8.0 6.1In du s t r ia l n urses_________________ ____________________ 5.0 8.7 12.7 10.0 6.9 8.0 7.3 6.9Sk i l l ed maintenance t rades . . . ______________________ 7.8 9.5 15.0 11.8 8.8 9.8 9.8 8.5U n sk i l l ed plant w o r k e r s _________________________________ 6.2 8.6 15.8 12.5 7.9 8.7 8.8 8.7

M anufactur ing :O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ____________________________________________ 4.5 8.9 12.7 10.0 5.4 7.2 7.3 8.9E l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s in g . . . _____ . . _________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 9.5 7.5 4.8 5.3 7.8 7.2Indus t r ia l nu rses_________________________________________ 5.3 9.4 13.3 10.5 6.4 8.1 7.8 7.4Sk i l l ed ma in tenance t rades_____________________________ 8.3 9.3 16.6 13.1 8.1 10.3 10.9 8.3U nsk i l l e d plant w o r k e r s _________________________________ 6.4 8.2 15.8 12.5 9.3 11.9 8.5 9.4

Nonmanufactur ing :O f f i c e c l e r i c a l . ____________________________ ___________ 6.1 7.5 10.9 8.6 6.9 4.9 6.6 7.7E l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s in g _____________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 9.4 7.5 4.7 7.6 7.9 5.4Indus t r ia l nurses_____________ __________________________ ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) (M ( 6 ) ( b ) (6 ) ( 6 )U nsk i l l ed plant w o r k e r s ____ _____________ ___________ 6.6 8.5 15.8 12.5 6.7 6.0 9.1 8.0

See foo tnotes at end of tables.


Table A-8. Average pay relationships within establishments for white-collar occupations, Richmond, Va., June 1979

O f f ic e c l e r i c a l occupat ion being compared—

Occupat ion which equa ls 100 Secretaries Stenographers Transcribing-machinetypists

Typists File clerksMessen-

gers

Switchboard

operators

Switchboard

operator-recep

tionists

Order clerks Accounting clerksBook

keeping-Payrollclerks

Key entry operators

Class A Class B Class C Class D Class E Senior General Class A Class B Class A Class B Class C Class A Class B Class A Class B

machine operators,

class B Class A Class B

SECRETARIES. CLASS A....................... 10CSECRETARIES. CLASS B....................... 126 100SECRETARIES. CLASS C....................... 144 119 100SECRETARIES, c l a s s 0 ....................... 153 128 118 1 0 0

SECRETARIES. CLASS E....................... 17 4 136 114 (6 ) 100s t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n i o r ..................... 140 114 1 2 2 106 ( 6 ) 100STENOGRAPHERS. GENERAL.................. 190 143 126 121 (6 ) 1 26 100TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE T Y P I S T S . . 178 141 123 102 104 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 100TYP ISTS . CLASS A................................. 190 134 132 113 (61 1 31 95 (6 ) 100TYPISTS . CLASS B ......................................... 212 159 133 125 129 158 108 122 124 100FILE CLERKS. CLASS A....................... 171 (6 ) ( 6 ) 99 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 94 ( 6 ) 97 ( 6 ) 100FILE CLERKS. CLASS B....................... 193 151 131 119 130 133 117 112 99 99 110 100FILE CLERKS. CLASS C....................... (G ) 153 153 130 (6 ) ( 6 ) 102 138 ( 6 ) 103 (6 ) 126 100MESSENGERS................................................ 192 161 142 128 126 138 113 119 (6 1 101 ( 6 ) 107 94 100SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS..................... 165 127 112 114 (6 ) 112 94 106 95 81 97 84 81 93 100SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-

RECEPTIONISTS...................................... 127 135 120 110 98 ( 6 ) 100 120 ( 6 ) 88 (6 ) 98 (6 ) 100 ( 6 ) 100ORDER CLERKS. CLASS A..................... ( 6 ) (6 ) (61 95 (6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) (6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 82 100ORDER CLERKS. CLASS B..................... ( 6 ) 138 121 111 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 89 (6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 104 81 87 ( 6 ) 106 ( 6 ) 100ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS A . . . . 154 121 103 99 99 87 79 94 80 70 (6 ) 76 72 74 92 89 (61 94 100ACCOUNTING CLERKS. CLASS B . . . . 191 142 124 1 2 0 113 119 100 117 105 91 (6 ) 97 91 91 108 109 ( 6 ) 103 120 100BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE

OPERATORS. CLASS B.......................... (6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) (6 1 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) (61 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) (6 ) (6 1 ( 6 ) 100PAYROLL CLERKS...................................... 163 127 111 102 ( 6 ) 96 87 94 89 76 (6 ) 73 71 80 92 89 ( 6 ) 10 3 103 89 ( 6 ) 100KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS A . . 166 131 112 103 ( 6 ) 101 88 95 79 71 (6 ) 81 (6 ) 81 94 96 (6 ) (6 ) 109 88 89 103 100KEY ENTRY OPERATORS. CLASS B . . 190 137 123 112 112 140 98 104 97 84 (6 ) 92 77 92 104 103 ( 6 ) 117 118 97 ( 6 ) 1 19 115 100

P r o f e s s i o n a l and techn ica l occupat ion being c o m p a r e

Computer systems analysts (business) Computer programmers (business) Computer operators DraftersRegistered

Class A Class B Class C Class A Class B Class C Class A Class B Class C Class B Class Cnurses

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(BUSINESS) . CLASS A....................... 100

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(B U S IN E S S ) . CLASS B....................... 119 100

COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS(B U S IN E S S ) . CLASS C....................... 132 1 22 ICO

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS(BUSINESS) . CLASS A....................... 125 108 91 100

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS(3USINESS) . CLASS E....................... 148 1 29 119 121 100

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS(B U S IN E S S ) . CLASS C....................... 186 165 150 153 129 100

COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS A . . . 181 149 148 142 123 100 ICOCOMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS B . . . 211 179 168 155 148 116 117 100COMPUTER OPERATORS. CLASS C . . . 245 215 197 199 175 133 139 129 100DRAFTERS. CLASS 3 .............................. 181 153 127 147 128 (6 ) 102 93 80 100DRAFTERS. CLASS C.............................. 234 ( 6 ) 164 ( 6 ) 150 ( 6 ) 129 106 ( 6 ) 123 100REGISTERED INDUSTRIAL NURSES.. 183 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 144 127 (6 ) 108 89 78 100 ( 6 ) 100

See footnote at end o f tab les .

N O T E : Tab les A - 8 and A -9 p resen t the a v e rag e pay r e la t ionsh ip be tween pa irs o f occupat ions within estab li shments . F o r exam p le , a va lue o f 122 indicates the earnings for the occupation d i r e c t l y above in the heading a re 22 p e rcen t g r e a t e r than earn in gs f o r the occupat ion d i r e c t l y to the l e f t in the stub. S im i l a r l y , a va lue o f 85 indicates earnings for the occupation in the heading a re 15 pe rc en t b e low earn ings fo r the occupat ion in the stub.

See appendix A fo r method o f computation.


Table A-9. Average pay relationships within establishments for blue-collar occupations, Richmond, Va., June 1979

Main tenance , to o l r o o m , and powerp lant occupat ion being com p ared —

Occupation which equals 100

Carpenters Electricians Painters Machinists

Mechanics

Pipefitters Stationary engineers

Machinery Motor vehicles

Boiler tenders

MAINTENANCE CARPENTERS.................. 1 0 0MAINTENANCE ELECTRIC IANS............. 99 1 0 0

1 1 5 1 1 6 1 0 0

9 8 1 0 2 88 1 0 0

MAINTENANCE m e c h a n i c s( 8 ) 1 0 3 ( 8 ) 1 0 3 1 0 0

MAINTENANCE MECHANICS1 0 2 10 5 94 1 0 2 IOC ICC

MAINTENANCE P IP E F IT T E R S ................ 1 0 0 1 0 0 ( 8 ) 1 0 0 ( 6 ) ( 6 I 1 0 0

1 0 9 1 0 5 ( 8 ) 1 0 8 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 1 0 4

1 8 8 ( 8 ) 1 1 6 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 8 ) (6 ) 1 0 0

M a te r i a l m ovem en t and custod ia l occupat ion being com p ared —

Truck drivers

Shippers ReceiversShippers and

receivers W arehousemen Order fillers Shipping packersMaterialhandlinglaborers

Forkliftoperators Guards, class B

Janitors, porters, and cleaners

Light truck Medium truck Heavy truck Tractor-trailer

TRUCKDRIVERS. LIGHT TRUCK........... 1 0 0TRUCKDRIVERS. MEDIUM T R U C K . . . . ( 8 ) 1 0 0

TRUCKDRIVERS. HEAVY TRUCK........... ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 1 0 0

TRUCKDRIVERS. TRACTOR-TRAILER. ( 6 ) 95 99 1 0 0

SHIPPERS...................................................... ( 6 ) 98 ( 8 ) ( 6 ) 1 0 0

RECEIVERS................................................... 1 1 4 1 1 0 ( 6 ) 1 1 1 1 0 5 1 0 0

SHIPPERS AND RECEIVERS.................. ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 8 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 1 0 0

WAREHOUSEMEN............................................ ( 8 ) 1 1 4 1 0 9 1 2 6 1 1C 1 0 8 ( 8 ) 1 0 0

ORDER F IL L E R S ......................................... ( 6 ) ( 8 ) ( 6 ) ( 6 ) 1 0 0 1 0 7 1 1 4 ( 8 ) 1 0 0

SHIPPING PACKERS................................. ( 6 ) 1 2 9 ( 6 ) ( 6 ) { 6 ) 1 1 3 ( 8 ) 98 ( 8 ) ICCMATERIAL HANDLING L A B O R E R S . . . . ( 6 ) 1 11 1 1 0 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 0 9 1 2 2 1 0 2 1 0 5 1 C 9 1 0 0

FORKLIFT OPERATORS............................. 1 0 1 1 03 ( 6 ) 1 1 7 93 1 0 1 1 0 8 ( 8 ) 1 0 0 (6 1 9 5 1 0 0

GUARDS. CLASS B.................................... 1 2 5 1 2 5 ( 6 ) 1 2 1 ( 6 ) 1 0 3 (6 1 ( 8 ) 1 0 3 1 0 6 97 1 0 2 1 0 0

JANITORS. PORTERS. ANDCLEANERS................................................... 1 2 5 1 3 9 1 2 5 1 3 6 l i e 1 1 3 1 3 5 1 1 9 1 0 9 1 0 9 1 0 5 1 1 0 1 0 7 1 0 0

See foo tnote at end o f tab les .

N O T E : T a b l e s A - 8 and A - 9 p resen t the a v e r a g e pay re la t ionsh ip be tween pa irs o f occupations with in es tab l ishments . F o r e xam p le , a va lu e of 122 indicates that earn ings fo r the occupation d i r e c t l y above in the heading a r e 22 percen t g r e a t e r than earnings f o r the occupat ion d i r e c t l y to the l e f t in the stub. S im i l a r l y , a value o f 85 ind ica tes earn ings f o r the occupat ion in the heading a r e 15 p e rc en t b e low ea rn ings f o r the occupation in the stub.

See appendix A f o r m ethod o f computation.


Footnotes

1 Standard hours r e f le c t the workw eek fo r which em ployees r e c e iv e th e ir regu lar s tra igh t- t im e sa la r ies (exc lus ive o f pay f o r o v e r t im e at regu lar and/or p rem ium ra tes ) , and the earnings correspond to these week ly hours.

2 The mean is computed fo r each job by totaling the earnings o f allw o rk e rs and dividing by the number o f w o rk e rs . The median designates position— half o f the w o rk e rs r e c e iv e the same o r m ore and ha lf r e c e iv e the same o r less than the rate shown. The m idd le range is defined by two rates of pay: a fourth o f the w o rke rs earn the sam e o r less than the low ero f these rates and a fourth earn the same o r m o re than the h igher rate.

3 Earnings data relate only to workers whose sex identification was provided by the establishment.

4 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.

5 Estimates for periods ending prior to 1976 relate to men o.nly for skilled maintenance and unskilled plant workers. All other estimates relate to men and women.

6 Data do not meet publication criteria or data not available.


Appendix A. Scope and Method of Survey

In each of the 72 1 areas currently surveyed, the Bureau obtains wages and related benefits data from representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation, communication,and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Government operations and the construction and extractive industries are excluded. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are also excluded because of insufficient employment in the occupations studied. Appendix table 1 shows the number of establishments and workers estimated to Ve within the scope of this survey, as well as the number actually studied.

Bureau field representatives obtain data by personal visits at 3 -year intervals. In each of the two intervening years, information on employment and occupational earnings only is collected by a combination of personal visit, mail questionnaire, and telephone interview from establishments participating in the previous survey.

A sample of the establishments in the scope of the survey is selected for study prior to each personal visit survey. This sample, less establishments which go out of business or are no longer within the industrial scope of the survey, is retained for the following two annual surveys. In most cases, establishments new to the area are not considered in the scope of the survey until the selection of a sample for a personal visit survey.

The sampling procedures involve detailed stratification of all establishments within the scope of an individual area survey by industry and number of employees. From this stratified universe a probability sample is selected, with each establishment having a predetermined chance of selection. To obtain optimum accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than small establishments is selected. When data are combined, each establishment is weighted according to its probability of selection so that unbiased estimates are generated. For example, if one out of four establishments is selected, it is given a weight of 4 to represent itself plus three others. An adternate of the same original probability is chosen in the same industry-size classification if data are not available from the originad sample member. If no suitable substitute is available, additionad weight is assigned to a sample member that is similar to the missing unit.Occupations and earnings

Occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries, and are of the following types: (1)Office clerical; (2) professionad and technical; (3) maintenance, toolroom,

1 Included in the 72 areas are 2 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Akron, Ohio and Poughkeepsie-Kingston-Newburgh, N.Y. In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department of Labor.

and powerplant; and (4) material movement and custodial. Occupational classification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job. Occupations selected for study are listed and described in appendix B.

Unless otherwise indicated, the earnings data following the job titles are for all industries combined. Earnings data for some of the occupations listed and described, or for some industry divisions within the scope of the survey, are not presented in the A-series tables because either (1) employment in the occupation is too small to provide enough data to merit presentation, or (2) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data. Separate men's and women's earnings data are not presented when the number of workers not identified by sex is 20 percent or more of the men or women identified in an occupation. Earnings data not shown separately for industry divisions are included in data for all industries combined. Likewise, for occupations with more than one level, data are included in the overall classification when a subclassification is not shown or information to subclassify is not available.

Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for full-time workers, i.e., those hired to work a regular weekly schedule. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded, but cost-of-living allowances and incentive bonuses are included. Weekly hours for office clerical and professional and technical occupations refer to the standard workweek (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which employees receive regular straight-time salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regular and/or premium rates). Average weekly earnings for these occupations are rounded to the nearest half dollar. Vertical lines within the distribution of workers on some A-tables indicate a change in the size of the class intervals.

These surveys measure the level of occupational earnings in an area at a particular time. Comparisons of individual occupational averages over time may not reflect expected wage changes. The averages for individual jobs are affected by changes in wages and employment patterns. For example, proportions of workers employed by high- or low-wage firms may change, or high-wage workers may advance to better jobs and be replaced by new workers at lower rates. Such shifts in employment could decrease an occupational average even though most establishments in an area increase wages during the year. Changes in earnings of occupational groups, shown in table A -7, are better indicators of wage trends than are earnings changes for individual jobs within the groups.

Average earnings reflect composite, areawide estimates. Industries and establishments differ in pay level and job staffing, and thus contribute differently to the estimates for each job. Pay averages may fail to reflect accurately the wage differential among jobs in individual establishments.


A v e ra g e pay le v e ls fo r men and wom en in se lec ted occupations should not be assumed to r e f le c t d if fe rences in pay o f the sexes within individual establishments. F ac to rs which m ay contribute to d i f fe rences include p r o gress ion within estab lished rate ranges (on ly the rates paid incumbents are co l lec ted ) and per fo rm an ce of spec if ic duties within the genera l survey job descriptions. Job descr ip t ions used to c la s s i fy em ployees in these surveys usually are m ore g en e ra l iz ed than those used in individual establishments and a llow fo r m inor d i f fe rences among establishments in spec if ic duties perform ed.

Occupational employm ent est im ates rep resen t the total in a l l es tablishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because occupational structures among establishments d i f fe r , est im ates of occupational em ploym ent obtained f r o m the sample of establishments studied s e rve only to indicate the r e la t iv e im portance of the jobs studied. These d if ferences in occupational structure do not a f fe c t m a te r ia l ly the accuracy of the earnings data.

Wage trends fo r se lec ted occupational groups

The percent in c reases presented in table A -7 a re based on changes in average hourly earnings o f m en and wom en in establishments report ing the trend jobs in both the current and prev ious yea r (matched establishments). The data a re adjusted to r em ove the e f fec ts on a ve ra ge earnings o f em p lo y ment shifts among establishments and turnover of establishments included in survey samples. The percent in c reases , however , a re s t i l l a f fected by factors other than wage inc reases . H ir ings , layo f fs , and turnover m ay a ffect an establishment a ve ra ge for an occupation when w orke rs a re paid under plans providing a range of wage rates fo r individual jobs. In periods of increased hir ing, for exam ple, new em ployees m ay enter at the bottom of the range, depressing the a ve ra ge without a change in wage rates.

The percent changes re la te to wage changes between the indicated dates. When the t im e span between surveys is other than 12 months, annual rates are a lso shown, ( i t is assum ed that wages inc rease at a constant rate between su rveys . )

Occupations used to compute wage trends a re :

O ff ice c l e r i c a l

S ec re ta r ie s S tenographers, sen ior S tenographers, gen era l T yp is ts , c lasses A and B F i le c le rk s , c lasses A ,

B , and C M ess engers Switchboard opera tors O rder c le rk s , c lasses

A and BAccounting c le rk s ,

c lasses A and B P a y ro l l c le rks K ey entry opera tors ,

c lasses A and B

E lec t ron ic data p rocess ing

Computer system s analysts, c lasses A , B, and C

Computer p ro g ra m m ers , c lasses A , B, and C

E lec t ron ic data p rocess ing— Continued

Computer opera tors , c lasses A , B, and C

Industria l nurses

R eg is te red industrial nurses

Sk il led maintenance

CarpentersE lectr ic ian sPa in tersMachinistsMechanics (m ach inery ) Mechanics (m o to r veh ic le ) P ip e f i t t e r s T o o l and die m akers

Unsk il led plant

Janitors, p o r te rs , and c leaners

M a te r ia l handling lab ore rs

Percen t changes fo r individual areas in the p rogram are computed as fo l lows:

1. A ve ra ge earnings are computed f o r each occupation for the 2 years being compared. The ave rages are d er ived f ro m earnings in those establishments which a re in the survey both yea rs ; it is assumed that employment remains unchanged.

2. Each occupation is assigned a weight based on its p r o portionate employment in the occupational group in the base year.

3. These weights a re used to compute group ave rages .Each occupation's average earnings (computed in step 1) is multiplied by its weight. The products a re totaled to obtain a group average.

4. The ratio of group averages fo r 2 consecutive yea rs is computed by dividing the a ve ra ge fo r the current y ea r by the average fo r the ea r l ie r year. The resu lt— expressed as a percent— less 100 is the percent change.

F o r a m ore detailed descr ip t ion of the method used to compute these wage trends, see " Im prov ing A rea Wage Survey In d exes ," Monthly Labor R ev iew , January 1973, pp. 52-57.

A v e ra g e pay relationships within establishments

Re la t ive measures of occupational pay a re presented in table A - 8 fo r w h ite -co l la r occupations and in table A - 9 fo r b lu e -c o l la r occupations. These re la t ive values r e f le c t d i f fe rences in pay between occupations within individual establishments. Re la t ive pay values a re computed by dividing an establishment's average earnings fo r an occupation being com pared by the ave rage fo r another occupation (designated as 100) and multip lying the quotient by 100. F o r example, i f janitors in a f i r m a ve ra ge $4 an hour and fo rk l i f t operators $5, fo rk l i f t operators have a r e la t iv e pay value of 125 com pared with jan itors. ($5 -4 $4 = 1.25, x 100 = 125.) In combining the r e la t ives of the individual establishments to a r r iv e at an o v e ra l l a ve ra ge , each estab lishment is considered to have as many re la t iv es as it has weighted w o rkers in the two jobs being compared.

P a y relationships based on o v e ra l l a ve rages m ay d i f fe r considerab ly because of the vary ing contribution o f high- and low -w age establishments to the averages . F o r example, the o v e ra l l a ve ra ge hourly earnings fo r fo rk l i f t opera tors m ay be 50 percent m ore than the a ve ra ge fo r jan itors because the ave rage fo r fork li ft operators may be strong ly influenced by earnings in high-wage establishments while the a ve ra ge fo r jan itors m ay be strong ly influenced by earnings in low -w age establishments. In such a case , the intra-estab lishm ent relationship w i l l indicate a much sm a l le r d i f fe rence in earnings.

Establishment practices and supplementary wage p rov is ions

Tabulations on se lected estab lishm ent p rac t ices and supplementary wage provis ions (B -s e r ie s tab les ) a re not presented in this bulletin. In fo rm a tion fo r these tabulations is co l lec ted at 3 -y ea r in terva ls . These tabulations on m in im um entrance sa lar ies for inexper ienced o f f ic e w o rk e rs ; shift d i f f e r entia ls; scheduled w eek ly hours and days; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans a re p resented (in the B - s e r i e s tab les ) in prev ious bulletins fo r this area.


Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied, Richmond, Va.,' June 1979

Industry d iv is ion 2

M in im um em p loym en t in e s ta b l i sh

ments in scope o f study

N u m ber of es tab l ishments W o rk e r s in es tab l ishments

With in scope o f study 3

Studied

Within scope o f study *

StudiedNum ber P e r c e n t

ALL INDUSTRY D IV IS IO N S -------------------------------------- 527 1 A 9 126 ,885 100 7 9 , A15

MANUFACTURING ------------------------------------------------------------- 50 122 A 2 51 ,298 A 1 26 .A15n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n c ------------------------------------------------------- ~ ADA 108 7 5 , A67 59 A2.00C

TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATION, ANDOTHER FUELIC U T I L I T I E S 5 ------------------------------------ 50 29 17 12,216 10 12 ,006

WHOLESALE TRADE6 --------------------------------------------------- 50 30 15 6,095 6 2 ,11 ARETAIL TRADE 6 --------------------------------------------------------- 50 1A 0 28 21,862 25 1 5 ,0 A 7FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE6 ------------ 50 72 19 15 ,818 12 9 ,920SERVICES6 7----------------------------------------------------------------- 50 72 27 6 ,275 5 2 ,902

1 T h e R ichm ond Standard M e t ropo l i tan S tat is t ica l A r e a , as de f in ed by the O f f i c e o f M anagem en t and Budge t through F eb ru a r y 1974, cons is ts o f the c i t y o f R ichmond, and the counties of C har le s C ity , C h es t e r f i e ld , Goochland, H anove r , H en r i c o , and Powhaton . T h e " w o r k e r s within scope of study" e s t im a tes p ro v id e a reasonab ly ac cu ra te d e s c r ip t i on o f the s i z e and com pos i t ion of the labo r f o r c e included in the su rvey . E s t im a te s a r e not intended, how eve r , fo r c om p a r is on with o ther s ta t is t ica l s e r i e s to m ea su r e em p loym en t t rends or l e v e l s since (1 ) planning of wage su rveys r e q u i r e s e s tab l ishm en t data c om p i led cons id e rab ly in advance of the p a y ro l l p e r iod s tudied, and (2) s m a l l es tab li shments a r e excluded f r o m the scope o f the survey .

2 T h e 1972 ed it ion of the Standard Indust r ia l C la s s i f i c a t i o n Manual was used in c la s s i f y in g es tab l ishm ents by indust ry di v is ion. A l l g o ve rnm en t opera t ions a re exc luded f r o m the scope of the survey .

3 Includes a l l es tab l ishments with to ta l employment at o r above the m in im um l im i ta t ion . A l l ou t le ts (w ith in the a r e a ) o f companies in industr ies such as t rade ,

f inance , auto r e p a i r s e r v i c e , and m ot ion p ic tu re thea te rs a r e con s id e red as one estab li shment .

4 Includes a l l w o r k e r s in a l l es tab l ishm ents with to ta l em p loym en t (w ithin the a r e a ) at o r above the m in im u m l im ita t ion .

5 A b b r e v ia t e d to "pub l ic u t i l i t i e s " in the A - s e r i e s tab le s . T ax icabs and s e r v i c e s inc identa l to w a te r t ranspor ta t ion a r e excluded. R ichm ond 's gas uti l i ty is m un ic ipa l ly opera ted and is exc luded by de fin it ion f r o m the scope of the study.

6 S epara te data f o r th is d i v is ion a r e not p resen ted in the A - s e r i e s tab le s , but the d i v i s ion is r ep r e s en ted in the " a l l in dus t r ie s " and "nonmanufactur ing " e s t im a tes .

7 Hote ls and m o te l s ; laundr ies and other p e r son a l s e r v i c e s ; bus iness s e r v i c e s ; au tomob il e r e p a i r , ren ta l , and park ing ; m o t ion p ic tu res ; nonpro f i t m em b e rsh ip o rgan iza t ions (exc lud ing r e l ig ious and char i tab le o rgan i za t ion s ) ; and eng ineer ing and a rch i t e c tu ra l s e r v i c e s .



Appendix B.OccupationalDescriptions

The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field representatives in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This permits grouping occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field representatives are instructed to exclude working supervisors; apprentices; and part- time, temporary, and probationary workers. Handicapped workers whose earnings are reduced because of their handicap are also excluded. Learners, beginners, and trainees, unless specifically included in the job descriptions, are excluded.

Office

SECRETARY

Assigned as a personal secretary, normally to one individual. Maintains a close and highly responsive relationship to the day-to-day activities of the supervisor. Works fairly independently receiving a minimum of detailed supervision and guidance. Performs varied clerical and secretarial duties requiring a knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization, programs, and procedures related to the work of the supervisor.

Exclusions. Not all positions that are titled "secretary" possess the above characteristics. Examples of positions which are excluded from the definition are as follows:

a. Positions which do not meet the "personal" secretary concept described above;

b. Stenographers not fully trained in secretarial-type duties;

c. Stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of professional, technical, or managerial persons;

d. Assist ant-type positions which entail more difficult or more responsible technical, administrative, or supervisory duties which are not typical of secretarial work, e.g., Administrative Assistant, or Executive Assistant:

21

SECRETARY— Continued

Exclusions— Continued

e. Positions which do not fit any of the situations listed in the sections below titled "Level of Supervisor, " e.g., secretary to the president of a company that employs, in all, over 5,000 persons;

f. Trainees.

Classification by Level

Secretary jobs which meet the required characteristics are matched at one of five levels according to (a) the level of the secretary's supervisor within the company's organizational structure and, (b) the level of the secretary's responsibility. The tabulation following the explanations of these two factors indicates the level of the secretary for each combination of the factors.

Level of Secretary's Supervisor (LS)

a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a small organizational unit (e.g., fewer than about 25 or 30 persons); or

LS—1



Classif ica t ion by L e v e l— Continued

b. S ec re ta ry to a nonsuperv isory staff spec ia l is t , p ro fess ion a l em p loyee , adm in is tra t ive o f f ic e r or assistant, sk i l led technician or expert. (N O TE : Many companies a s s i g n stenographers, rather than sec re ta r ie s as descr ibed above, to this le v e l of su perv iso ry or nonsuperv isory w o rk e r . )

LS—2 a. S ec re ta ry to an executive or m anager ia l person whose respons ib i l i ty is not equivalent to one o f the spec i f ic le v e l situations in the definition for LS—3, but whose o rgan iza tiona l unit no rm ally numbers at least s e ve ra l dozen em ployees and is usually divided into organ iza tiona l segments which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this le v e l includes a wide range o f organ iza tiona l echelons; in others, only one or two; or

b. S e c re ta ry to the head of an individual plant, fa c tory , etc . , (or other equivalent le v e l o f o f f ic ia l ) that em p loys , in all, fewer than 5, 000 persons.

LS—3 a. S ec re ta ry to the chairman o f the board or pres ident o f a company that em p loys , in a l l , few er than 100 persons; or

b. S ec re ta ry to a corpora te o f f i c e r (other than chairman of the board or pres ident) o f a company that em ploys , in a ll , o v e r 100 but few e r than 5, 000 persons; or

c. S e c re ta ry to the head ( im m ed ia te ly be low the o f f ic e r l e v e l ) o ver e ither a m a jor corporatew ide functional act iv ity (e .g . , m arketing, res ea rch , operations, industr ia l re la t ions , e tc . ) or a m a jor geograph ic or organ iza tiona l segment (e .g . , a reg iona l headquarte rs ; a m a jor d iv is ion ) o f a company that em p loys , in a ll , o ver 5,000 but few er than 25, 000 em p loyees ; or

d. S ec re ta ry to the head of an individual plant, fa c tory , e tc . , (or other equivalent le v e l o f o f f ic ia l ) that em p loys , in a ll , over 5,000 persons; or

e. S ec re ta ry to the head o f a la r g e and important organizational segment (e .g . , a m iddle management superv isor o f an o rgan izational segment often involving as many as s eve ra l hundred person s ) o f a company that em p loys , in a ll , o v e r 25,000 persons.

LS—4 a. S e c re ta ry to the chairman of the board o r p res ident o f a company that em p loys , in a ll , ove r 100 but few er than 5,000 persons; or

b. S ec re ta ry to a corporate o f f ic e r (other than the chairman o f the board or pres ident) o f a company that em p loys , in a ll , o ve r 5, 000 but few er than 25, 000 persons; or

c. S e c r e ta ry to the head, im m ed ia te ly be low the corporate o f f ic e r l e v e l , o f a m a jor segment or subsidiary of a company that em p loys , in all, o ve r 25,000 persons.


C lassif ica t ion by L e v e l— Continued

N O T E : The t e rm "co rpora te o f f i c e r " used in the above LS definitionr e fe r s to those o ff ic ia ls who have a s ign if icant corporatew ide po licymaking ro le with rega rd to m ajor company ac t iv i t ie s . The t i t le " v i c e p re s id e n t , " though norm ally indicative o f this r o le , does not in a l l cases identify such positions. V ice presidents whose p r im a ry respon s ib i l i t y is to act persona l ly on individual cases or transactions (e .g . , approve or deny individual loan or cred it actions; administer individual trust accounts; d irec t ly superv ise a c l e r ic a l staff ) are not considered to be "c o rp o ra te o f f i c e r s " for purposes o f applying the definition.

L e v e l o f S ec re ta ry 's Responsib il ity (L R )

This factor evaluates the nature o f the work rela t ionsh ip between the s ec re ta ry and the superv isor , and the extent to which the s e c re ta ry is expected to exe rc ise init iative and judgment. S e c re ta r ie s should be matched at LR—1 or LR—2 descr ibed below accord ing to their le v e l o f respons ib i l i ty .

LR—1. P e r fo r m s va r ied s e c r e ta r ia l duties including or com parable to most of the following:

a. Answers telephones, g reets persona l c a l le r s , and opens in coming m ail.

b. Answers telephone requests which have standard answers. May rep ly to requests by sending a f o r m le t te r .

c. Rev iews correspondence, m em oranda , and repo rts p repared by others for the superv isor 's signature to ensure procedura l and typographica l accuracy.

d. Maintains superv isor 's calendar and makes appointments as instructed.

e. Types , takes and transcr ibes dictation, and f i le s .

LR —2. P e r fo rm s duties d esc r ibed under LR —1 and, in addition per fo rm s tasks requiring g rea te r judgment, in it ia t ive , and know ledge o f o f f ice functions including or com parable to m ost o f the following:

a. Screens telephone and persona l c a l le r s , determ in ing which can be handled by the su pe rv iso r 's subordinates or other o f f ic e s .

b. Answers requests which r eq u ire a deta iled knowledge o f o f f ice procedures or co l lec t ion o f in form ation f ro m f i le s or other o f f ices . May sign routine correspondence in own or superv isor 's name.

c. Compiles or assists in com pil ing pe r iod ic reports on the basis o f genera l instructions.


SECRET ARY— Continued

L e v e l o f S e c r e t a r y 's R e sp o n s ib i l i t y (L R —2)--- Continued

d. Schedules tentative appointments without p r io r c learance . A s sem b les n e c e s sa ry background m a te r ia l for scheduled m eetings . M akes a rrangem ents for m eetings and con ferences.

e. Expla ins su p e rv is o r 's requ irem ents to other em p loyees in superv i s o r ' s unit. (A ls o types, takes dictation, and f i l e s . )

The fo l low ing tabulation shows the le v e l o f the s e c re ta ry fo r each LS and L R combination.

L e v e l o f s e c r e ta r y 's______su perv iso r______ L e v e l o f s e c r e ta r y 's respons ib i l i ty

LR —1 LR —2

LS—1__________________________________LS—2__________________________ _____LS— ̂ .... . _

Class E Class D Class C Class B

Class D Class C Class B Class A

S T E N O G R A P H E R

P r im a r y duty is to take dictation using shorthand, and to t ranscr ibe the dictation. M ay also type f r o m written copy. May operate f r o m a stenograph ic pool. M ay occas ion a l ly t ranscr ibe f r o m vo ice r eco rd in gs ( i f p r im ary duty is t ran sc r ib in g f r o m reco rd in gs , see T ranscr ib ing -M ach in e Typ is t ) .

N O T E : Th is job is distinguished f r o m that of a s e c r e ta r y in that as e c r e ta r y n o rm a l ly works in a confidential relationship with only one m anager or execu t ive and p e r fo rm s m ore respons ib le and d iscre t ion ary tasks as d esc r ib ed in the s e c r e ta r y job definit ion.

S tenographer, Sen ior. D ic ta t ion involves a va r ied technica l or spec ia l iz ed vocabu lary such as In le ga l b r ie fs or reports on sc ienti f ic research . May a lso set up and m ainta in f i l e s , keep reco rds , etc.

OR

P e r fo r m s stenographic duties requiring s ign if icantly g rea te r independence and resp on s ib i l i t y than stenographer, genera l, as ev idenced by the fo l low ing : W o rk req u ires a high degree of stenographic speed and accuracy;a thorough w ork ing knowledge of genera l business and o f f ice procedure ; and of the spec i f ic business operations , organization, po l ic ies , p rocedures , f i l e s , w o rk f low , etc. Uses this knowledge in per form ing stenographic duties and respons ib le c l e r i c a l tasks such as maintaining followup f i l e s ; assembling m a te r ia l fo r rep o r ts , m em oranda , and le t te rs ; composing s im ple le t te rs f r o m gen era l instructions ; reading and routing incoming m ail ; and answering routine ques t ions , etc.

S tenographer, G enera l. D ictation involves a norm al routine vocabulary. May mainta in f i l e s , keep s im p le reco rds , or p e r fo rm other r e la t iv e ly routine c le r i c a l tasks.

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE TYPIST

P r im a r y duty is to type copy of vo ic e reco rded dictation which does not invo lve va r ied technica l or spec ia l iz ed vocabu lary such as that used in lega l b r ie fs or reports on sc ien ti f ic research . M ay also type from written copy. M ay maintain f i l e s , keep s imple r eco rd s , o r p e r fo rm other re la t ive ly routine c le r i c a l tasks. (See Stenographer definition fo r workers involved with shorthand dictation.)

T Y P IS T

Uses a typ ew r i te r to make copies of var ious m ater ia ls or to make out b i l ls a fter calculations have been made by another person. M ay include typing of s tenc ils , m ats, or s im i la r m ate r ia ls fo r use in duplicating p ro c esses . M ay do c le r i c a l w o rk involving l i t t le spec ia l training, such as keeping s im ple reco rds , f i l ing reco rds and reports , or sorting and distributing incoming m ail .

C lass A . P e r f o r m s one o r m o re o f the fo l lo w in g : Typing m ater ia lin f ina l f o rm when it invo lves combining m a te r ia l f r o m seve ra l sources; or respons ib i l i ty fo r c o r r e c t spell ing, syllabication, punctuation, etc., o f tech n ica l o r unusual words o r fo r e ign language m ate r ia l ; o r planning layout and typing o f com plica ted s ta t is t ica l tables to maintain un ifo rm ity and balance in spacing. M ay type routine fo rm le t te rs , vary ing details to suit c ircumstances.

C lass B . P e r fo r m s one or m o re o f the fo l lo w ing: Copy typing fromrough o r c le a r d ra fts; o r routine typing of fo rm s , insuFance polic ies , etc.; o r setting up s im ple standard tabulations; or copying m ore com plex tables a lr ead y set up and spaced p ro p er ly .

F IL E C L E R K

F i le s , c la s s i f ie s , and r e t r ie v e s m a te r ia l in an established fi l ing sys tem . M ay p e r fo r m c le r i c a l and manual tasks requ ired to maintain f i le s . Pos it ions a re c la ss i f ied into le v e ls on the basis o f the following definitions.

C lass A . C la s s i f ie s and indexes f i le m a te r ia l such as correspon dence, reports , techn ica l documents, etc . , in an established f i l ing system containing a number o f v a r ied subject m atter f i l e s . May also f i le this m a te r ia l . M ay keep reco rd s o f var ious types in conjunction with the f i le s . M ay lead a sm a ll group o f lo w e r l e v e l f i l e c lerks .

C lass B. Sorts, codes, and f i le s unclassif ied m ate r ia l by simple (subject m atte r ) headings o r p a r t ly c la ss i f ied m a te r ia l by f iner subheadings. P r e p a r e s s im p le rela ted index and c ro s s - r e f e r e n c e aids. As requested, locates c le a r ly identi f ied m a te r ia l in f i l e s and forw ards m ater ia l . May p e r fo r m rela ted c l e r i c a l tasks requ ired to maintain and se rv ice f i le s .

C lass C . P e r f o r m s routine f i l ing o f m a te r ia l that has a lready been c la s s i f ie d o r which is e a s i ly c la ss i f ied in a s imple se r ia l c lass if ica t ion sys tem (e .g . , alphabetical, chrono log ica l, or nu m erica l ) . A s requested, loca tes rea d i ly ava ilab le m a te r ia l in f i le s and forw ards m ate r ia ls ; and m ay f i l l out w ithdraw al charge. M ay p e r fo rm s im ple c l e r i c a l and manual tasks requ ired to maintain and s e rv ic e f i le s .


MESSENGER

P e r fo r m s var ious routine duties such as running errands , operating m inor o f f ice machines such as sea le rs or m a i le r s , opening and distributing m ail , and other m inor c le r ic a l work. Exclude positions that requ ire o p e ra tion of a m otor veh ic le as a s ignif icant duty.

SW ITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R

Operates a telephone switchboard or console used with a p r ivate branch exchange (P B X ) system to re la y incoming, outgoing, and intrasystem calls. May prov ide in formation to c a l le r s , reco rd and transm it m essages , keep reco rd o f calls p laced and to l l charges. B es ides operating a telephone switchboard or console, may also type or p e r fo rm routine c le r ic a l work (typing or routine c le r ic a l work m ay occupy the m a jor portion of the w o rk e r 's t im e , and is usually p e r fo rm ed while at the switchboard or console ). Chief or lead operators in establishments employing m ore than one operator are excluded. F o r an operator who also acts as a reception ist , see Switchboard Operator -Receptionist.

SW ITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T

At a s ing le-posit ion telephone switchboard or console, acts both as an operator— see Switchboard Operator— and as a reception ist. Receptionist 's work involves such duties as greet ing v is i to rs ; determ in ing nature o f v is itor 's business and provid ing appropriate in formation; r e f e r r in g v is i to r to app ro priate person in the organization or contacting that person by telephone and arranging an appointment; keeping a log o f v is i to rs .

ORDER C L E R K

R ece iv es written or verba l cus tom ers ' purchase o rders fo r m ate r ia l or m erchandise f ro m custom ers or sales people. W ork typ ica l ly involves some combination of the fo llow ing duties: Quoting p r ices ; determining a v a i l ability of o rd ered items and suggesting substitutes, when necessary ; advising expected d e l iv e ry date and method o f de l ive ry ; record ing order and customer information on order sheets; checking order sheets fo r accuracy and adequacy of information recorded ; ascerta ining, cred it rating o f customer; furnishing customer with acknowledgement of rece ip t o f o rd er ; fo l low ing-up to see that o rder is d e l iv e red by the spec if ied date or to let customer know of a delay in d e l ive ry ; maintaining o rd e r f i le ; checking shipping invoice against o r ig ina l o rder .

Exclude w o rke rs paid on a com m iss ion basis or whose duties include any o f the fo l low in g : R ece iv ing o rders for s e rv ic e s rather than form ater ia l or merchandise; provid ing custom ers with consultative advice using knowledge gained f ro m engineering o r extensive technica l training; emphasizing se ll ing sk il ls ; handling m ate r ia l or merchandise as an integra l part o f the job.

Posit ions a re c lass i f ied into le v e ls accord ing to the fo llowing defin itions:

Class A . Handles o rders that involve making judgments such as choosing which spec if ic product or m ate r ia l f rom the establishment's product lines w i l l satis fy the custom er 's needs, or determ in ing the p r ic e to be quoted when pric ing involves m ore than m e re ly r e fe r r in g to a p r ic e list or making some simple m athem atical calculations.

ORDER CLERK— Continued

Class B. Handles o rders invo lv ing i tem s which have r ea d i ly ident i f ied uses and applications. May r e f e r to a cata log, m anu fac tu rer 's manual, or s im i la r document to insiire that p roper i tem is supplied o r to v e r i f y p r ic e o f o rd ered item.

A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K

P e r fo r m s one or m ore accounting c le r i c a l tasks such as posting to reg is te rs and ledgers ; reconcil ing bank accounts; v e r i f y in g the interna l c on s istency, com pleteness, and m athem atica l accu racy o f accounting documents; ass ign ing p resc r ib ed accounting d istr ibution codes; examining and v e r i fy in g fo r c l e r i c a l accuracy various types o f r ep o r ts , l i s t s , calcu lations, posting, etc.; or prepar ing simple or ass isting in p repa r in g m o re com plica ted journal vouchers. May work in either a manual o r automated accounting system .

The work requ ires a knowledge o f c l e r i c a l methods and o f f i c e p r a c t ic es and procedures which rela tes to the c le r i c a l p ro cess in g and reco rd ing of transactions and accounting in form ation. With exper ien ce , the w o rk e r typ ica l ly becomes fam i l ia r with the bookkeeping and accounting t e r m s and procedures used in the assigned work , but is not requ ired to have a knowledge of the fo rm a l princip les of bookkeeping and accounting.

Posit ions are c lass i f ied into l e v e ls on the basis o f the fo l low ing definitions:

C lass A. Under genera l superv is ion , p e r fo r m s accounting c le r i c a l operations which requ ire the application o f e xper ien ce and judgment, fo r exam ple, c le r ic a l ly process ing com plica ted or nonrepet i t ive accounting t r a n s actions, se lecting among a substantial v a r ie t y o f p r e s c r ib e d accounting codes and c lass if ica t ions , or trac ing transactions through prev ious accounting actions to determ ine source o f d iscrepanc ies . M ay be ass is ted by one or m ore c lass B accounting c le rks .

C lass B. Under c lose superv is ion , fo l low ing deta i led instructions and standardized procedures , p e r fo rm s one o r m o r e routine accounting c l e r ica l operations, such as posting to l e d g e r s , ca rds , o r worksheets where identif ication of items and locations o f postings a re c l e a r ly indicated; checking accuracy and completeness o f s tandard ized and repe t i t iv e reco rds or accounting documents; and coding documents using a few p re s c r ib ed accounting codes.

B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R

Operates a bookkeeping machine (with o r without a ty p ew r i te r k e y board) to keep a reco rd of business transactions .

Class A . Keeps a set o f r eco rd s requ ir in g a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping p r in c ip les , and fa m i l ia r i t y with the structure o f the part icu lar accounting system used. D e te rm ines p ro p er reco rds and distribution o f debit and cred it item s to be used in each phase o f the work . M ay p repare consolidated reports , balance sheets , and other re c o rd s by hand.

C lass B . Keeps a reco rd o f one o r m o re phases or sect ions o f a set o f r eco rds usually requiring l i t t le knowledge o f basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payab le , p a y ro l l , cu s tom ers ' accounts (not including a s imple type of b i l l ing d esc r ib ed under machine b i l l e r ) ,


cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or ass is t in p reparation of t r i a l balances and prepare contro l sheets fo r the accounting department.

M A C H IN E B IL L E R

P re p a re s s tatem ents i b i l ls , and invoices on a machine other than an ord inary o r e le c t ro m a t ic typ ew r i te r . M ay also keep records as to b i l l ings or shipping charges o r p e r fo r m other c le r ic a l work incidental to b il l ing operations. F o r wage study purposes, machine b i l le rs a re c lass i f ied by type of machine, as fo l low s :

B i l l in g -m ach in e b i l l e r . Uses a special billing machine (combination typing and adding machine) to p repare bil ls and invoices f r o m custom ers ' purchase o rd e rs , in terna lly prepared orders , shipping m em oranda, etc. Usually invo lves application o f p redeterm ined discounts and shipping charges and entry of n e c e s sa ry extensions, which may or may not be computed on the b i l l ing m achine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually invo lves a la rge number o f carbon copies of the b i l l being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

Bookkeeping-m achine b i l l e r . Uses a bookkeeping machine (with or without a typ ew r i te r keyboard) to p repare custom ers ' b i l ls as part o f the accounts r e c e iv a b le operation. Genera lly involves the simultaneous entry of f igu res on custom ers ' led ge r record . The machine automatically accumulates f igu res on a number o f v e r t i c a l columns and computes and usually prints autom atica l ly the debit or cred it balances. Does not invo lve a knowledge of bookkeeping. W orks f r o m uniform and standard types o f sales and cred it s lips.

P A Y R O L L C L E R K

P e r fo r m s the c l e r i c a l tasks necessary to process payro l ls and to maintain p a y ro l l r ec o rd s . W o rk involves most of the fo l low ing : P ro cess in gw o r k e r s ' t im e or production reco rds ; adjusting w o rk e rs ' r eco rds fo r changes in wage ra tes , supplementary benefits , or tax deductions; editing payro l l l is t ings against source reco rds ; trac ing and correct ing e r r o r s in l is t ings; and ass is t ing in p reparation of per iod ic summary payro l l reports . In a non- automated p ay ro l l sys tem , computes wages. W ork may requ ire a p ract ica l knowledge o f governm enta l regulations, company payro l l po l icy , or the computer system fo r p rocess ing payro l ls .

KEY E N T R Y O P E R A T O R

Operates a keypunch machine to reco rd or v e r i fy alphabetic and/or numeric data on tabulating cards or on tape.

Pos it ions a re c la s s i f ie d into leve ls on the basis o f the fo llow ing defin itions.

Class A . W o rk requ ires the application of experience and judgment in se lecting p rocedures to be fo l lowed and in searching fo r , in terpreting, se lec t ing , or coding item s to be keypunched f ro m a var ie ty of source documents. On occas ion m ay also p e r fo rm some routine keypunch work. May tra in inexper ienced keypunch opera tors .

BOOKKEEPING -MACHINE O PER ATOR— Cont Lnued

Class B . W ork is routine and repe t i t iv e . Under c lose supervis ion or fo l low ing spec i f ic p rocedures or instructions, works f rom various standard ized source documents which have been coded, and follows specif ied p rocedures which have been p resc r ib ed in detail and requ ire l itt le or no se lect ing, coding, or in terpret ing o f data to be reco rded . R e fe rs to superv is o r p rob lem s ar is ing f ro m erroneous i t e m s or codes or m iss ing information.

Professional and TechnicalC O M P U T E R SYSTEM S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS

Analyzes business p rob lem s to formulate procedures for solving them by use o f e lec t ron ic data p rocess ing equipment. Develops a complete descr iption o f all specif ications needed to enable p ro g ram m ers to prepare requ ired digita l computer p rog ram s . W ork invo lves m ost of the fo l low ing : Analyzes sub ject-m atter operations to be automated and identif ies conditions and c r i t e r ia requ ired to achieve sa t is fac tory resu lts ; spec if ies number and types of r e c o rd s , f i l e s , and documents to be used; outlines actions to be p e r fo rm ed by personnel and computers in sufficient detail for presentation to management and for p rogram m in g (typ ica l ly this invo lves preparation o f work and data f low charts); coordinates the development of test problems and part ic ipates in t r i a l runs o f new and r e v is ed system s; and recommends equipment changes to obtain m o re e f fe c t iv e o v e r a l l operations. (NOTE: W orkers pe r fo rm ing both system s analysis and program m ing should be c la ss i f ied as system s analysts i f this is the sk il l used to determine their pay.)

Does not include em ployees p r im a r i ly respons ib le for the m anagement or superv is ion o f other e lec t ron ic data p rocess ing em ployees , or s y s tem s analysts p r im a r i l y concerned with sc ien t i f ic or engineering problem s.

F o r wage study purposes, system s analysts are c lass if ied asfo l lows:

Class A. W orks independently or under only genera l d irection on com plex prob lem s invo lving all phases o f system s analysis. P rob lem s are com plex because of d iv e rse sources o f input data and m ultip le-use r e q u ir e ments o f output data. (F o r exam ple , develops an integrated production scheduling, inventory contro l, cost analys is , and sales analysis reco rd in which e v e r y i tem o f each type is automatically p ro cessed through the full system of reco rds and appropriate followup actions are init iated by the computer.) Confers with persons concerned to determ ine the data processing problem s and advises sub ject-m atter personnel on the im plicat ions o f new or rev is ed system s of data p rocess ing operations. Makes recomm endations, i f needed, for approval o f m a jor system s installations or changes and for obtaining equipment.

May prov ide functional d irec t ion to low er le v e l systems analysts who are assigned to assist.

Class B . W orks independently or under only genera l d irection on prob lem s that are r e la t iv e ly uncomplicated to analyze, plan, program , and operate. P ro b lem s are of l im ited com plex ity because sources o f input data are homogeneous and the output data are c lose ly re la ted . (F o r example, develops system s for maintaining depositor accounts in a bank, maintaining accounts rece ivab le in a r e ta i l estab lishment, or maintaining inventory

KEY ENTRY OPERATOR— Continued


COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS— Continued

accounts in a manufacturing or wholesa le estab lishment.) Confers with p e r sons concerned to determ ine the data p rocess ing prob lem s and advises subject-matter personnel on the im plicat ions of the data p rocess ing systems to be applied.

OR

W orks on a segment o f a com plex data p rocess ing scheme or system, as desc r ibed for c lass A . Works independently on routine ass ignments and r e c e iv e s instruction and guidance on com plex assignments. W ork is rev iew ed for accuracy o f judgment, com pliance with instructions, and to insure proper alignment with the o v e ra l l system .

Class C . W orks under im m ediate superv is ion , ca r ry ing out analyses as assigned, usually o f a s ingle activ ity . Assignments are designed to develop and expand p ra c t ica l exper ience in the application o f p rocedures and skills requ ired for system s analysis work. F o r exam ple, m ay assist a higher le v e l system s analyst by p repar ing the detailed specif ications requ ired by p rogram m ers f r o m in form ation developed by the higher le v e l analyst.

C O M PU TE R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS

Converts statements o f business p rob lem s , typ ica l ly p repared by a systems analyst, into a sequence o f detailed instructions which are requ ired to solve the p rob lem s by automatic data p rocess ing equipment. Working f ro m charts or d iagram s, the p ro g ra m m er develops the p rec is e instructions which, when entered into the computer system in coded language, cause the manipulation o f data to achieve des ired resu lts . W ork invo lves m ost of the fo l low ing : Applies knowledge o f computer capab il it ies , m athem atics , log ic em ployed by computers, and part icu lar subject m atter invo lved to analyze charts and diagrams o f the p rob lem to be p rogram m ed ; develops sequence o f p rog ram steps; w r ites detailed f low charts to show o rd e r in which data w i l l be processed ; converts these charts to coded instructions for machine to fo l low ; tests and co r rec ts p rog ram s ; p repares instructions for operating personnel during production run; analyzes, r e v iew s , and alters p rogram s to increase operating e f f ic ien cy or adapt to new requ irem ents ; maintains reco rds of p rogram development and rev is ion s . (N O TE : W orke rs p e r fo rm ing bothsystems analysis and p rogram m in g should be c lass i f ied as systems analysts i f this is the sk il l used to determ ine their pay.)

Does not include em ployees p r im a r i ly respons ib le for the m anagement or superv is ion o f other e lec t ron ic data process ing em p loyees , or p ro g ram m ers p r im a r i ly concerned with sc ien ti f ic and/or engineering prob lem s.

F or wage study purposes, p ro g ra m m ers are c la ss i f ied as fo l lows:

Class A . W orks independently or under only genera l d irect ion on complex prob lem s which req u ire competence in a ll phases of program m ing concepts and p rac t ices . Working f r o m d iagram s and charts which identify the nature o f des ired resu lts , m a jo r p rocess ing steps to be accomplished, and the relationships between var ious steps o f the p rob lem solving routine; plans the fu l l range o f p rogram m in g actions needed to e f f ic ien t ly util ize the computer system in achieving des ired end products.

At this l e v e l , p rogram m in g is d ifficult because computer equipment must be o rgan ized to produce s e v e r a l in te r re la ted but d iverse products f ro m numerous and d iverse data e lem ents. A wide v a r ie ty and extensive number o f internal p rocess ing actions must occur. This requ ires such actions as development of common operations which can be reused, establishment of

COMPUTER PROGRAMMER, BUSINESS— Continued

linkage points between operations, adjustments to data when p ro g ram r e quirements exceed computer storage capacity, and substantial manipulation and resequencing of data elements to fo rm a highly integrated p rogram .

May provide functional d irect ion to low er le v e l p ro g ra m m ers who are assigned to assist.

Class B . Works independently or under only g en era l d irect ion on r e la t iv e ly simple p rogram s , or on s imple segments of com plex p rogram s . P ro g ra m s (or segments) usually p rocess in form ation to produce data in two or th ree var ied sequences or form ats . Reports and listings are produced by re f in ing , adapting, arraying, or making m inor additions to or deletions f rom input data which are read ily available. While numerous reco rds may be p rocessed , the data have been re f in ed in p r io r actions so that the accuracy and sequencing of data can be tested by using a few routine checks. T yp ica l ly , the p ro gram deals with routine recordkeep ing operations.

OR

Works on complex program s (as d esc r ibed for c lass A ) under c lose d irection of a higher le ve l p ro g ram m er or superv isor . M ay assist higher le v e l p rogram m er by independently p e r fo rm in g less d ifficult tasks assigned, and per form ing m ore difficult tasks under fa i r l y c lose d irection .

May guide or instruct low er le v e l p ro g ra m m ers .

Class C . Makes pract ica l applications o f p rogram m in g pract ices and concepts usually learned in fo rm a l tra in ing courses. Assignments are designed to develop competence in the application o f standard procedures to routine problem s. Rece ives c lose superv is ion on new aspects o f assignments; and work is rev iewed to v e r i f y its accuracy and conformance with requ ired p ro ced u res .

C O M P U T E R O P E R A TO R

Monitors and operates the contro l console of a d ig ita l computer to p rocess data according to operating instructions, usually p repared by a p ro g ra m m er . Work includes most o f the fo l low in g : Studies instructions todeterm ine equipment setup and operations; loads equipment with requ ired items (tape ree ls , cards, etc.); switches n ec e s sa ry aux il iary equipment into c ircu it , and starts and operates computer; m akes adjustments to computer to co r re c t operating problems and m eet spec ia l conditions; rev iew s e r r o r s made during operation and determ ines cause or r e f e r s p rob lem to superv isor or p ro g ram m er ; and maintains operating reco rd s . May test and assist in correc t in g program .

F o r wage study purposes, computer operators are c la ss i f ied asfo llows:

Class A . Operates independently, or under only genera l d irect ion , a computer running program s with m ost of the fo l low ing charac te r is t ic s : New p rogram s are frequently tested and introduced; scheduling requ irem ents are of c r i t ica l importance to m in im ize downtime; the p rogram s are o f com plex design so that identification of e r r o r source often requ ires a work ing knowledge o f the total p rogram , and alternate p rogram s may not be available. May g ive d irection and guidance to low er l e v e l opera tors .

Class B . Operates independently, or under only genera l d irect ion , a computer running program s with m ost o f the fo llow ing charac ter is t ics : Most o f the programs are established production runs, typ ica l ly run on a regu la r ly recurr ing basis; there is l i tt le or no testing o f new program s


COMPUTER OPERATOR— Continued

requ ired ; alternate p ro g ram s are provided in case or ig ina l p ro g ra m needs m a jo r change or cannot be co r re c ted within a reasonably short t im e . In common e r r o r situations, diagnoses cause and takes co r rec t iv e action. This usually invo lves applying p rev iou s ly p rogram m ed co rrec t iv e steps, or using standard co r rec t io n techniques.

OR

Opera tes under d ire c t superv is ion a computer running p rogram s or segm ents o f p ro g ra m s with the charac te r is t ics descr ibed fo r class A . May ass is t a h igher l e v e l ope ra to r by independently per fo rm ing less d ifficu lt tasks ass igned, and p e r fo rm in g d if f icu lt tasks fo llow ing detailed instructions and w ith frequent r e v ie w o f operations per fo rm ed .

C lass C . W orks on routine p rogram s under c lose superv is ion . Is expected to deve lop w ork ing knowledge o f the computer equipment used and ab i l i ty to detect p rob lem s invo lved in running routine p rogram s . Usually has r e c e iv e d som e fo r m a l tra in ing in computer operation. M ay ass is t higher l e v e l op e ra to r on com p lex p ro gram s .

D R A F T E R

Class A . P lans the graphic presentation of com plex i tem s having d is t inc t ive design fea tu res that d i f fe r s ign if icantly f ro m established drafting p receden ts . W orks in c lose support with the design or ig in a to r , and may recom m end m inor design changes. Ana lyzes the effect o f each change on the deta i ls o f f o r m , function, and posit ional relationships of components and parts . W orks with a m in im um o f superv isory assistance. Com pleted w o rk is r e v iew ed by design o r ig in a to r f o r consistency with p r io r engineering d e t e r m inations. M a y e ither p rep a re drawings or d irec t their preparation by low er l e v e l d ra f t e rs .

C lass B . P e r f o r m s nonroutine and com plex draft ing assignments that r eq u ire the application o f m ost o f the standardized drawing techniques r eg u la r ly used. Duties ty p ica l ly invo lve such work as: P rep a re s work ingdraw ings o f subassem blies with i r re g u la r shapes, multiple functions, and p r e c is e pos it iona l re la t ionsh ips between components; p repares arch itec tura l draw ings fo r construction o f a building including detail drawings o f foundations, w a l l sect ions , f lo o r plans, and roof. Uses accepted fo rm u las and manuals in making n e c e s sa ry computations to determ ine quantities o f m a te r ia ls to be used, load capac it ies , strengths, s tr esses , etc. R e ce iv e s in it ia l instructions , req u irem en ts , and advice f ro m superv isor . Completed w o rk is checked fo r techn ica l adequacy.

C lass C. P r e p a r e s deta i l drawings of single units or parts fo r eng ineer ing , construction, manufacturing, or repa ir purposes. Types of draw ings p rep a red include is o m e tr ic p ro ject ions (depicting th ree dimensions in accurate sca le ) and sect iona l v iews to c la r i fy positioning o f components and convey needed in fo rm ation . Consolidates details f r o m a number of sources and adjusts o r t ransposes scale as required. Suggested methods of approach, applicab le p receden ts , and advice on source m ate r ia ls a re g iven with in it ia l ass ignm en ts . Instructions a re less com plete when assignments r ecu r . W ork m ay be spot-checked during p ro gress .

DRAFTER-TRACER

Copies plans and drawings p repared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper ove r drawings and trac ing with pen or pencil. (Does not include trac ing l im ited to plans p r im a r i ly consisting of straight l ines and a la rge scale not requ ir ing c lose delineation.)

AND/OR

P rep a re s s imple or repe t i t iv e drawings o f eas i ly v isualized items. W ork is c lose ly superv ised during p ro gress .

E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N

W orks on various types of e lec tron ic equipment and rela ted devices by p e r fo rm ing one or a combination o f the following: Installing, maintaining,repa ir ing , overhauling, troubleshooting, m od ify ing, constructing, and testing. W ork requ ires p ract ica l application o f techn ica l knowledge of e lectron ics p r in c ip les , abil ity co determ ine m ailunctions , and sk il l to put equipment in requ ired operating condition.

The equipment— consisting of e ither many d if ferent kinds o f circuits or multiple repetit ion o f the same kind o f c ircu it— includes, but is not l im ited to , the following: (a) E lec t ron ic transm itting and rece iv in g equipment (e .g.,radar , rad io , t e lev is ion , te lephone, sonar, navigational aids), (b) digital and analog computers, and (c ) industr ia l and m ed ica l m easuring and controlling equipment.

This c lass if ica t ion excludes r e p a ir e rs of such standard e lectron ic equipment as common o f f ic e machines and household radio and te lev is ion sets; production assem b lers and te s te rs ; w o rkers whose p r im ary duty is s e rv ic in g e lec t ron ic test instruments; technicians who have administrative or superv isory respons ib i l i ty ; and d ra fte rs , des igners , and profess ional eng ineers .

Pos it ions are c la ss i f ied into le v e ls on the basis of the following de f in it ions :

Class A . App lies advance techn ica l knowledge to solve unusually com plex prob lem s ( i .e . , those that typ ica l ly cannot be solved so le ly by r e f e r ence to m anufacturers ' manuals or s im i la r documents) in working on e le c tron ic equipment. Examples of such prob lem s include location and density of c ircu it ry , e lec trom agne t ic radiation, isolat ing malfunctions, and frequent eng ineering changes. W ork invo lves : A detailed under standing of the in ter relationships of c ircu its; exe rc is in g independent judgment in perform ing such tasks as making c ircu it analyses, calculating wave fo rm s , tracing re la t ion ships in s ignal f low; and reg u la r ly using com plex test instruments (e .g . , dual t ra ce o sc i l lo scopes , Q -m e te r s , deviation m ete rs , pulse g en e ra to rs ).

W ork m ay be rev iew ed by superv isor ( frequently an engineer or des igner ) for genera l compliance with accepted p ract ices . May provide techn ica l guidance to low er le v e l technicians.

Class B. App lies com prehensive technica l knowledge to solve com plex p rob lem s ( i .e . , those that typ ica l ly can be so lved so le ly by proper ly in terpret ing m anu factu rers ' manuals or s im i la r documents) in working on


e lectron ic equipment. W ork invo lves : A fam i l ia r i ty with the in te r re la t ion ships of c ircu its ; and judgment in determ ining work sequence and in se lecting tools and testing instruments, usually less com plex than those used by the class A technician.

R ece iv es techn ica l guidance, as requ ired , f r o m superv isor or higher le v e l technician, and work is rev iew ed for spec if ic compliance with accepted pract ices and work assignments. May prov ide technica l guidance to low er le v e l technicians.

Class C . Applies work ing techn ica l knowledge to p e r fo rm s imple or routine tasks in work ing on e lec tron ic equipment, fo l low ing detailed instructions which cove r v ir tua l ly all p rocedures . W ork typ ica l ly invo lves such tasks as: Ass is t ing higher le v e l technicians by pe r fo rm ing such ac t iv it ies asrep lacing components, w ir ing c ircu its , and taking test readfngs; repa ir ing simple e lec tron ic equipment; and using tools and common test instruments (e .g . , m u lt im eters , audio signal gen era tors , tube t e s te rs , o sc i l lo scopes ) . Is not requ ired to be fam i l ia r with the interrela t ionsh ips of c ircu its. This knowledge, however , m ay be acquired through assignments designed to increase competence (including c lass room tra in ing) so that w o rker can advance to higher le v e l technician.

R ece iv e s technica l guidance, as requ ired , f r o m superv isor or higher le v e l technician. W ork is typ ica l ly spot-checked, but is g iven deta iled r e v iew when new or advanced assignments are involved.

R E G ISTERED IN D U S T R IA L NURSES

A reg is t e re d nurse who g ives nursing s e rv ic e under genera l m ed ica l d irection to i l l or injured em ployees or other persons who becom e i l l or suffer an accident on the p rem ises of a fac tory or other establishment. Duties invo lve a combination o f the fo l low ing : Giving f i r s t aid to the i l l orinjured; attending to subsequent dress ing o f em p loyees ' in ju ries ; keeping records o f patients treated ; prepar ing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in physica l examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees ; and planning and carry ing out p rogram s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation o f plant environment, or other act iv it ies affecting the health, w e l fa re , and safety of all personnel. Nursing superv isors or head nurses in establishments employing m ore than one nurse are excluded.

Maintenance, Toolroom, and PowerplantM A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R

P e r fo r m s the carpentry duties necessa ry to construct and maintain in good repa ir building woodwork and equipment such as bins, c r ibs , counters, benches, partit ions, doors, f lo o rs , s ta irs , casings, and t r im made o f wood in an establishment. W ork invo lves most o f the fo l low ing : Planningand laying out of work f ro m blueprints, drawings, m ode ls , or v e rba l instructions; using a v a r ie ty o f carpen ter 's handtools, portable power too ls , and standard m easuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and se lect ing m ate r ia ls n ecessa ry for the work. In genera l , the work of the maintenance carpenter requ ires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent tra in ing and experience .

ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN— Continued

P e r fo rm s a var ie ty of e le c t r ic a l trade functions such as the ins ta llation, maintenance, or repa ir o f equipment for the generation, distribution, or utilization of e lec t r ic energy in an estab lishment. W ork invo lves most of the fo l low ing : Installing or repa ir ing any of a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic a l equipment such as generators, t ran s fo rm ers , sw itchboards, c on tro l le rs , c ircu it b reake rs , m otors , heating units, conduit sys tem s, or other transm iss ion equipment; working from blueprints, draw ings , layouts, or other s p e c i f i cations; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e le c t r ic a l system or equipment; working standard computations re la t ing to load requ irem ents of w ir ing or e le c t r ic a l equipment; and using a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic ia n 's handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In gen era l , the w ork o f the m a in tenance e lec tr ic ian requ ires rounded tra in ing and experience usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent tra in ing and experience .

M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R

Paints and redecorates w a l ls , woodwork , and f ixtures o f an es tablishment. Work involves the fo l low ing : Knowledge of surface pecu l ia r i t iesand types o f paint required for d if ferent applications; p repar ing surface for painting by rem oving old finish or by placing putty or f i l l e r in nail holes and in ters t ices ; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix co lo rs , o i ls , white lead, and other paint ingred ients to obtain proper co lo r or consistency. In genera l, the work o f the maintenance painter requ ires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticesh ip or equivalent tra ining and experience .

M A IN T E N A N C E MACHINIST

Produces rep lacement parts and new parts in making r ep a ir s of m eta l parts of mechanical equipment operated in an estab lishment. W ork invo lves most of the fo l low ing : In terpret ing w r it ten instructions and sp ec if ications; planning and laying out o f w ork ; using a v a r ie t y of m ach in is t 's handtools and prec is ion measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools ; shaping of m eta l parts to c lose to le ran ces ; making standard shop computations rela ting to d imensions o f work , too l ing , feeds , and speeds o f machining; knowledge of the work ing p roper t ies of the common m eta ls ; selecting standard m ate r ia ls , par ts , and equipment req u ired for this work; and fitting and assembling parts into m echan ica l equipment. In genera l, the machinist 's work norm ally requ ires a rounded tra in ing in m achine-shop pract ice usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticesh ip or equivalent tra in ing and experience.

M A IN T E N A N C E M ECHAN IC (M achinery )

Repa irs m achinery or m echanica l equipment o f an establishment. W ork involves most of the fo l low ing : Examining machines and mechanica lequipment to diagnose source of troub le ; d ismantling or par t ly d ismantling machines and perform ing repa irs that m ain ly invo lve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; rep lac ing broken or de fec t ive parts with item s obtained f ro m stock; ordering the production o f a rep lacem ent part by a machine shop or sending the machine to a machine shop for m a jor rep a ir s ; prepar ing written specif ications for m a jo r r ep a ir s or for the production of parts o rdered fro m machine shops; rea ssem b l in g m achines; and making all n ecessa ry adjustments for operation. In gen era l , the work o f a m ach inery maintenance mechanic requ ires rounded tra in ing and exper ience usually

MAINTENANCE ELECTRICIAN


MAINTENANCE MECHANIC (Machinery)— Continued

acqu ired through a fo r m a l apprenticesh ip or equivalent tra in ing and e x p e r i ence. Excluded f r o m this c lass i f ica t ion are w orkers whose p r im a ry duties in vo lve setting up or adjusting machines.

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M oto r Veh ic les )

R epa irs autom obiles , buses, m otortrucks, and t ra c to rs of an establishm ent. W ork invo lves m os t o f the fo l low ing : Examining automotive equipment to d iagnose source o f troub le ; d isassem bling equipment and per fo rm ing rep a ir s that invo lve the use o f such handtools as wrenches, gauges, d r i l ls , or sp ec ia l iz ed equipment in d isassem bling or fitting parts; rep lac ing broken o r d e fec t ive parts f r o m stock; grinding and adjusting va lves ; reassem bling and insta ll ing the var ious assem b lies in the veh ic le and making necessa ry adjustments; and aligning w h ee ls , adjusting brakes and l ights , or tightening body bolts . In gen era l , the w ork of the m otor veh ic le maintenance mechanic r eq u ire s rounded tra in ing and exper ien ce usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticesh ip or equivalent tra in ing and experience.

This c lass i f ica t ion does not include mechanics who repa ir cust o m e r s ' v eh ic les in automobile r ep a ir shops.

M A IN T E N A N C E P I P E F I T T E R

Installs or rep a ir s w a te r , steam, gas, or other types of pipe and p ipef itt ings in an estab lishm ent. W ork involves most of the fo l low ing : Layingout w o rk and m easu r ing to locate position of pipe from drawings or other w r it ten spec i f ica t ions ; cutting var ious s izes o f pipe to co r re c t lengths with ch ise l and ham m er o r oxyace ty lene to rch or pipe-cutting machines; threading pipe with stocks and d ies; bending pipe by hand-driven or p ow er -d r iven m ach ines ; assem bling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations rela ting to p ressures , f low , and s ize of pipe req u ired ; and making standard tests to determ ine whether finished pipes m ee t spec i f ica t ions . In g en e ra l , the work of the maintenance p ipef itter r eq u ire s rounded tra in ing and exper ience usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticesh ip or equivalent tra in ing and experience . W o rk e rs p r im a r i ly engaged in insta l l ing and repa ir in g building sanitation or heating systems are exc luded .

M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T - M E T A L W ORKER

F a b r ic a te s , in s ta l ls , and maintains in good repa ir the shee t-m eta l equipment and f ix tu res (such as machine guards, g rease pans, she lves, l o c k e rs , tanks, ven t i la to rs , chutes, ducts, m eta l roofing) o f an establishment. W o rk invo lves m ost of the fo l low in g : Planning and laying out a l l types ofsh ee t-m eta l maintenance w o rk f ro m blueprints, m odels, or other s p e c i f i cations; setting up and operating a l l available types of shee t-m eta l work ing m achines; using a v a r ie t y o f handtools in cutting, bending, fo rm ing, shaping, f itt ing, and assem bling ; and insta ll ing sheet-m eta l art ic les as requ ired . In g en e ra l , the w o rk o f the maintenance sheet-m eta l w orker requ ires rounded tra in ing and exp e r ien ce usually acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticesh ip or equivalent tra in ing and exp e r ien ce .

M IL L W R IG H T

Installs new m achines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and insta l ls machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are requ ired . W ork invo lves m ost o f the fo l low ing : Planning and laying out

MILLWRIGHT— Continued

work; in terpret ing blueprints or other specif icat ions; using a va r ie ty of handtools and r igg ing ; making standard shop computations rela ting to s tresses , strength o f m a te r ia ls , and centers of g rav ity ; aligning and balancing equipment; se lec t ing standard too ls , equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transm iss ion equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In genera l, the m i l lw r ig h t 's work norm ally requ ires a rounded tra in ing and experience in the trade acquired through a fo rm a l apprenticesh ip or equivalent tra ining and experience .

M A IN T E N A N C E TR AD E S H E L P E R

A ss is ts one or m ore w o rkers in the sk il led maintenance trades, by p e r fo rm in g spec i f ic or genera l duties o f l e s s e r sk il l , such as keeping a w o rker supplied with m ater ia ls and too ls ; cleaning work ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding m ater ia ls or tools; and p e r fo rm ing other unskilled tasks as d irected by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is perm itted to p e r fo rm va r ies f r o m trade to trade: In sometrades the helper is confined to supplying, l i ft ing, and holding m ater ia ls and too ls , and cleaning work ing areas; and in others he is perm itted to p e r fo rm sp ec ia l iz ed machine operations, or parts o f a trade that are also p e r fo rm ed by w o rk e rs on a fu l l - t im e basis.

M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (TO O LR O O M )

Spec ia l izes in operating one or m ore than one type of machine too l (e .g . , j i g b o r e r , grinding machine, engine lathe, m il l ing machine) to machine m eta l for use in making or maintaining j ig s , f ix tu res , cutting too ls , gauges, or m eta l dies or molds used in shaping or form ing m eta l or nonm eta ll ic m a te r ia l (e .g . , p last ic , p laster , rubber, g lass ) . Work typ ica l ly in v o lv e s : Planning and per fo rm ing nfficult machining operations whichrequ ire com plicated setups or a h ; r e e of accuracy; setting up machinetoo l or tools (e .g . , install cutting tools and adjust guides, stops, working tab les , and other controls to handle the s ize of stock to be machined; determ ine proper feeds , speeds, tooling, and operation sequence or se lect those p resc r ib ed in drawings, blueprints, or layouts); using a var ie ty of p rec is ion m easuring instruments; making n ecessa ry adjustments during machining operation to achieve requ is ite dimensions to v e r y close to lerances . May be requ ired to se lec t proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oi ls , to recogn ize when too ls need dress ing , and to dress too ls . In genera l, the work of a m ach ine-too l operator (too lroom ) at the sk il l l e v e l called for in this c lass if ica t ion requ ires extensive knowledge o f machine-shop and to o l room p ract ice usually acquired through considerable on-the-job training and experience .

F o r c ross- in dus try wage study purposes, this c lass if icat ion does not include m ach ine-too l operators ( too lroom ) em ployed in too l and die jobbing shops.

T O O L AND DIE M A K E R

Constructs and repa irs j ig s , f ix tu res , cutting too ls , gauges, or m eta l dies or molds used in shaping or fo rm ing m eta l or nonmetallic m a te r ia l (e .g . , p last ic , p las ter , rubber, g lass ) . W ork typ ica l ly in vo lves : P lanning and laying out work accord ing to m ode ls , b lueprints, drawings, or other w r itten or o ra l specif icat ions; understanding the working propert ies of com mon m eta ls and a lloys; se lecting appropriate m ate r ia ls , too ls , and


TOOL AND DIE MAKER— Continued

processes requ ired to complete tasks; making n ecessa ry shop computations; setting up and operating various machine tools and re la ted equipment; using various too l and die m ak er 's handtools and p rec is ion m easuring instruments; working to v e r y c lose to leran ces ; heat-treat ing m eta l parts and finished tools and dies to achieve r equ ired qualit ies; fitting and assembling parts to p r e scr ibed to lerances and allowances. In genera l , the too l and die m aker 's work requ ires rounded tra in ing in machine-shop and to o lroom pract ice usually acquired through fo rm a l apprenticeship or equivalent tra in ing and experience.

F o r c ross- in dus try wage study purposes, this c lass i f ica t ion does not include too l and die m akers who (1) are employed in too l and die jobbing shops or (2) produce fo rg ing dies (die s inkers ).

S T A T IO N A R Y ENG IN EER

Operates and maintains and may also superv ise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or e le c t r ic a l ) to supply the establishment in which em ployed with power, ' heat, r e f r ig e ra t io n , or a ir - conditioning. W ork involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such assteam engines, air c om p resso rs , genera tors , m o to r s , , turbine s , ventilating and r e f r ig e ra t in g equipment, steam bo i le rs and b o i le r - fe d water pumps; making equipment r ep a ir s ; and keeping a r e co rd o f operation o f m ach inery, tem pera ture , and fuel consumption. May also superv ise these operations. Head or ch ie f engineers in establishments employing m ore than one engineer are exc luded.

B O ILER TE N D E R

F ir e s stationary bo i le rs to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to f i r e by hand or operates a m echanica l stoker, gas, or o i l burner; and checks water and safety va lves . May clean, o i l , or ass ist in repa ir ing b o i le r ro o m equipment.

Material Movement and CustodialTR U C K D R IV ER

D rives a truck within a c ity or industria l a rea to transport m ate r ia ls , m erchandise , equipment, or w o rkers between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, fre ight depots, warehouses,wholesale and r e ta i l estab lishments, or between re ta i l establishments and custom ers ' houses or p laces o f business. May also load or unload truck with or without he lpers , make m inor mechanica l r ep a ir s , and keep truck in good work ing o rde r . Sa lesroute and ov e r - th e - r o a d d r iv e rs are exc luded.

F o r wage study purposes, t ru ckdr ive rs are c la ss i f ied by type and rated capacity o f truck, as fo l lows:

T ru ck d r iv e r , light truck(straight truck, under 1V2 tons, usually 4 whee ls )

T ru ck d r iv e r , m edium truck(straight truck, IV2 to 4 tons inc lus ive , usually 6 whee ls )

T ru ck d r iv e r , heavy truck (straight truck, ove r 4 tons, usually 10 whee ls )

T ru ck d r iv e r , t r a c to r - t r a i l e r

SHIPPER AND RECEIVER

P e r fo rm s c le r ic a l and physica l tasks in connection with shipping goods of the establishment in which em ployed and rece iv in g incoming shipments. In perform ing day-to-day , routine tasks, fo l lows established guidelines. In handling unusual nonroutine p rob lem s , r e c e iv e s spec i f ic guidance f r o m supervisor or other o f f ic ia ls . May d irect and coordinate the act iv it ies o f other workers engaged in handling goods to be shipped or being rece ived .

Shippers typ ica l ly are respons ib le for m ost o f the following: V e r i fy in g that o rders are accurately f i l l ed by com paring items and quantities of goods gathered for shipment against documents; insuring that shipments are p roper ly packaged, identified with shipping in form ation, and loaded into transporting veh ic les; preparing and keeping reco rds o f goods shipped, e .g . , m anifests , b ills o f lading.

R ece iv e rs typ ica l ly are respons ib le for most o f the following: V e r i fy in g the correctness of incoming shipments by com paring item s and quantities unloaded against bil ls o f lading, in vo ices , m an ifes ts , storage rece ip ts , or other reco rds ; checking for damaged goods; insuring that goods are appropriately identif ied fo r routing to departments within the establishment; preparing and keeping r eco rd s o f goods r ece iv ed .

F o r wage study purposes, w o rkers are c la ss i f ied as fo l lows:

ShipperR ece iv e rShipper and rec e iv e r

W AREHOUSEM AN

As directed, per fo rm s a va r ie ty o f warehousing duties which requ ire an understanding of the establishment's storage p lan. W ork invo lves most of the following: V er i fy in g m ater ia ls (or m erchand ise ) against r ece iv in gdocuments, noting and reporting d iscrepanc ies and obvious damages; routing m ater ia ls to p rescr ibed storage locations; s tor ing , stacking, or pa lle t iz ing m ater ia ls in accordance with p resc r ib ed storage methods; rea rrang ing and taking inventory o f stored m ater ia ls ; examining stored m ate r ia ls and r e porting deteriorat ion and damage; rem ov in g m a te r ia l f r o m storage and prepar ing it for shipment. May operate hand or power trucks in p e r fo rm ing warehousing duties.

Exclude w orkers whose p r im a ry duties invo lve shipping and r e ceiving work (see Shipper and R ece iv e r and Shipping P a ck e r ) , o rd er f i l l ing (see O rder F i l l e r ) , or operating power trucks (see P o w e r -T ru c k Opera tor ) .

ORDER F IL L E R

F i l ls shipping or trans fer o rd e rs for finished goods f r o m stored m erchandise in accordance with specif icat ions on sales s l ips, custom ers ' o rd e rs , or other instructions. May, in addition to f i l l ing o rd e rs and in dicating items f i l led or omitted, keep reco rds o f outgoing o r d e rs , requis it ion additional stock or report short supplies to su perv iso r , and p e r fo r m other re la ted duties.


SHIPPING PACKER

P re p a re s fin ished products fo r shipment or storage by p lacing them in shipping con ta in ers , the sp ec ific operations p erfo rm ed being dependent upon the type, s iz e , and number o f units to be packed, the type o f container em p loyed , and m ethod o f shipm ent. W ork req u ires the p lac ing o f item s in shipping con ta iners and m ay in vo lve one or m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Know ledgeo f va r iou s item s o f stock in o rd e r to v e r i fy content; se lection o f appropriate type and s ize o f con ta iner; in se rtin g enclosures in container; using e x c e ls io r o r other m a te r ia l to p reven t b reakage or dam age; c los in g and sea ling con ta iner; and applying labe ls or entering identify ing data on container. P a ck e rs who a lso m ake wooden boxes or cra tes are excluded .

M A T E R IA L H A N D L IN G LA B O R E R

A w o rk e r em p loyed in a w arehouse, m anufacturing plant, s to re , or other estab lishm en t w hose duties in vo lve one or m ore o f the fo llo w in g : Load ing and unloading va riou s m a te r ia ls and m erchandise on or fro m fre igh t c a rs , tru cks, or other tran sp ortin g dev ices ; unpacking, shelv ing , or p lacing m a te r ia ls o r m erch an d ise in p roper storage location ; and tran sportin g m a te r ia ls o r m erch an d ise by handtruck, car, or w h ee lbarrow . Longshore w o rk e rs , who load and unload sh ips, are excluded .

P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R

O pera tes a m anually con tro lled gaso lin e- or e le c tr ic -p o w e re d truck or tra c to r to tran sp ort goods and m ateria ls o f a ll kinds about a w arehouse, m anufacturing p lant, or other estab lishm ent.

F o r w age study pu rposes , w orkers are c la ss ified by type o f p ow er- tru ck , as fo llo w s :

F o rk lif t op era to rP o w e r - tru c k op era to r (other than fo rk lift )

G U AR D

P ro te c ts p ro p er ty fro m theft or dam age, or persons fro m hazards or in te r fe re n c e . Duties in vo lve serv in g at a fixed post, m aking rounds on

GUARD— Continued

foot o r by m otor v eh ic le , or esco rtin g persons or p roperty . May be deputized to make a r re s ts . M ay also help v is ito rs and custom ers by answering questions and g iv in g d irec tion s .

Guards em ployed by estab lishm ents which p rov ide p ro tective s e r v ic es on a con tract basis are included in th is occupation.

F o r w age study purposes, guards are c la s s ifie d as fo llow s:

C lass A . E n forces regu lations designed to prevent breaches o f secu rity . E x e rc is e s judgment and uses d iscre tion in dealing with e m e r gen cies and secu rity v io la tion s encountered. D eterm ines whether f irs t respon se should be to in tervene d ire c tly (asking fo r assistance when deem ed n ecessa ry and tim e a llo w s ), to keep situation under su rve illan ce, or to r e port situation so that it can be handled by appropriate authority. Duties req u ire sp ec ia liz ed tra in in g in m ethods and techniques o f protecting secu rity a reas . Com m only, the guard is req u ired to dem onstrate continuing physica l fitn ess and p ro fic ien cy w ith fire a rm s or other spec ia l weapons.

C lass B . C a rr ie s out instructions p r im a r ily orien ted t o w a r d insuring that em ergen c ies and secu rity v io la tions are read ily d isco v e red and rep o rted to appropria te authority. In terven es d irec tly only in situations which req u ire m in im a l action to safeguard p roperty or persons. Duties req u ire m in im al tra in in g . Com m only, the guard is not requ ired to dem onstrate physica l fitn ess . May be arm ed , but gen era lly is not req u ired to dem onstrate p ro fic ien cy in the use o f firea rm s or specia l w eapons.

J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , OR C L E A N E R

Cleans and keeps in an o rd e r ly condition fa c to ry w orking areas and w ash room s, o r p rem ises o f an o ff ic e , apartm ent house, or com m erc ia l or other estab lishm en t. Duties in vo lve a com bination o f the fo llo w in g : Sweeping, m opping or scrubbing, and polish ing f lo o rs ; rem ov in g chips, trash , and other re fu se ; dusting equipm ent, fu rn itu re, or fix tu res ; polish ing m eta l fix tu res or tr im m in gs ; p rov id in g supplies and m inor m aintenance s e rv ic e s ; and cleaning la v a to r ie s , show ers, and res tro o m s . W ork ers who sp ec ia lize in window washing are exc luded .


Service Contract Act Surveys

The following areas are surveyed periodically for use in administering the Service Contract Act of 1965. Survey results are published in releases which are available, at no cost, while supplies last from any of the BLS regional offices shown on the back cover.

Alaska (statewide)Albany, Ga.Albuquerque, N. Mex.Alexandria—Leesville, La.Alpena—Standish—Tawas City, Mich. Ann Arbor, Mich.Asheville, N.C.Augusta, Ga.—S.C.Austin, Tex.Bakersfield, Calif.Baton Rouge, La.Battle Creek, Mich.Beaumont-Port Arthur—Orange

and Lake Charles, Tex.—La. Biloxi-Gulfport and Pascagoula-

Moss Point, Miss.Binghamton, N. Y.Birmingham, Ala. Bloomington-Vincennes, Ind. Bremerton—Shelton, Wash. Brunswick, Ga.Cedar Rapids, Iowa Champaign-Urbana—Rantoul, 111. Charleston—North Charleston—

Walterboro, S.C.Charlotte—Gastonia, N.C. Clarksville-Hopkinsville, Term.—Ky. Columbia—Sumter, S.C.Columbus, Ga.—Ala.Columbus, Miss.Connecticut (statewide)Decatur, 111.Des Moines, Iowa Dothan, Ala.Duluth-Superior, Minn.—Wis.El Paso—Alamogordo—Las Cruces,

Tex.—N. Mex.Eugene-Springfield—Medford, Oreg.

Fayetteville, N.C.Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood

and West Palm Beach—Boca Raton, Fla.

Fort Smith, Ark.—Okla.Fort Wayne, Ind.Gadsden and Anniston, Ala. Goldsboro, N.C.Grand Island—Hastings, Nebr.Guam, Territory of Harrisburg—Lebanon, Pa.Knoxville, Term.La Crosse-Sparta, Wis.Laredo, Tex.Las Vegas—Tonopah, Nev. Lexington-Fayette, Ky.Lima, OhioLittle Rock—North Little Rock, Ark. Lorain—Elyria, Ohio Lower Eastern Shore, Md.—Va.—Del. Mac on, Ga.Madison, Wis.Maine (statewide)Mansfield, Ohio McAllen—Pharr-Edinburg

and Brownsville—Harlingen—San Benito, Tex.

Meridian, Miss.Middlesex, Monmouth, and

Ocean Counties, N. J.Mobile—Pensacola—Panama City,

Ala.—Fla.Montana (statewide)Nashville—Dayidson, Tenn.New Bern—Jacksonville, N.C.New Hampshire (statewide)North Dakota (statewide)Northern New York Northwest Texas Orlando, Fla.Oxnard—Simi Valley—Ventura, Calif. Peoria, 111.Phoenix, Ariz.Pine Bluff, Ark.Pueblo, Colo.Puerto Rico Raleigh—Durham, N.C.Reno, Nev.

ALSO AVAILABLE—Riverside—San Bernardino— Ontario, Calif.

Salina, Kans.Salinas—Seaside—Monterey, Calif. Sandusky, Ohio Santa Barbara—Santa Maria—

Lompoc, Calif.Savannah, Ga.Selma, Ala.Sherman—Denison, Tex. Shreveport, La.South Dakota (statewide) Southeastern Massachusetts Southern Idaho Southwest Virginia Spokane, Wash.Springfield, 111.Stockton, Calif.Tacoma, Wash.Tampa—St. Petersburg, Fla. Topeka, Kans.Tucson—Douglas, Ariz.Tulsa, Okla.Upper Peninsula, Mich.Vallejo—Fairfield—Napa, Calif. Vermont (statewide)Virgin Islands of the U.S.Waco and Killeen—Temple, Tex. Waterloo—Cedar Falls, Iowa West Virginia (statewide) Western and Northern

Mas sachusetts Wichita Falls—Lawton-Altus,

Tex.—Okla.Y akima—R ic hland—Ke nn ewic k—

Pendleton, Wash.—Oreg.

An annual report on salaries for accountants, auditors, chief accountants, attorneys, job analysts, directors of personnel, buyers, chemists, engineers, engineering technicians, drafters, and clerical employees is available. Order as BLS Bulletin 2004, National Survey of Professional, Administrative, Technical and Clerical Pay, March 1978, $2.40 a copy, from any ol the BLS regional sales offices shown on the back cover, or from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.


Area Wage Surveys

A l is t o f the la te s t bu lletins ava ilab le is presented below . Bulletins m ay be purchased fro m any o f the BLS reg ion a l o ffices shown on the back c o v e r , o r fro m the Superintendent o f Documents, U.S. G overnm ent P rin tin g O ffic e , W ashington, D .C . 20402. Make checks payable to Superintendent o f D ocum ents. A d ire c to ry o f occupational wage surveys, cove r in g the yea rs 1970 through 1977, is ava ilab le on request.

B u lletin numberA r e a and p r ic e *

Akron , Ohio, D ec. 1978 _________________________________________ 2025-63, $ 1.00Albany—Schenectady—T ro y , N .Y ., Sept. 1978 1________________ 2025-58, $1.20Anaheim —Santa Ana—G arden Grov<e,

C a lif. , Oct. 19781 _______________________________________________ 2025-65, $1.30Atlanta, G a ., M ay 1979__________________________________________ 2050-20, $1.30B a ltim o re , M d ., Aug. 1978 1 ____________________________________ 2025-50, $1.50B illin gs , M ont., July 1978_______________________________________ 2025-38, $1.00B irm ingham , A la ., M ar. 1978__________________________________ 2025-15, 80 centsBoston, M ass ., Aug. 19781______________________________________ 2025-43, $1.50Bu ffa lo, N .Y ., Oct. 1978 1________________________________________ 2025-71, $1.30Canton, Ohio, M ay 1978_________________________________________ 2025-22, 70 centsChattanooga, Tenn.—G a., Sept. 1978 1__________________________ 2025-51, $1.20C h icago, 111., M ay 1979__________________________________________ 2050-21, $1.75C incinnati, Ohio— Ky.—Ind ., July 1978__________________________ 2025-39, $1.10C leve lan d , Ohio, Sept. 1978_____________________________________ 2025-49, $1.30Colum bus, Ohio, Oct. 1978 1 ___________________________________ 2025-59, $1.50Corpus C h r is t i, T ex ., July 1978________________________________ 2025-29, $1.00D a lla s -F o r t W orth, T ex ., Oct. 1978 1__________________________ 2025-52, $1.50D avenport—R ock Island—M olin e, Iow a—111., Feb. 1979_______ 2050-10, $1.00Dayton, Ohio, D ec. 1978 ________________________________________ 2025-66, $1.00Daytona Beach, F la ., Aug. 1978 _______________________________ 2025-48, $1.00D en ver—B ou lder, C o lo ., D ec. 1978____________________________ 2025-68, $1.20D e tro it, M ich ., M ar. 1979 1 _____________________________________ 2050-7, $1.50F resn o , C a lif. , June 1978 1______________________________________ 2025-31, $1.20G a in esv ille , F la ., Sept. 1978 ___________________________________ 2025-45, $1.00G ary—Hammond—E ast C h icago, Ind., Aug. 1979 1____________ (To be surveyed)G reen Bay, W is ., July 1978 1 ___________________________________ 2025-41, $1.20G reen sb o ro—W in ston -Sa lem —H igh Poin t,

N .C ., Aug. 1978__________________________________________________ 2025-46, $1.00G reen v ille—Spartanburg, S .C ., June 1978 ____________________ 2025-30, $1.00H artfo rd , Conn., M ar. 1979_____________________________________ 2050-12, $1.10Houston, T ex ., A p r . 1979________________________________________ 2050-15, $1.30H u n tsville , A la ., F eb . 1979______________________________________ 2050-3, $1.00Indianapolis, Ind., Oct. 1978 1 __________________________________ 2025-57, $1.50Jackson, M is s ., Jan. I 9 7 9 1 _____________________________________ 2050-9, $1.20Jackson v ille , F la ., D ec. 1978 __________________________________ 2025-67, $ 1.00Kansas C ity , M o.—K a n s ., Sept. 1978___________________________ 2025-53, $1.30Los A n ge le s—Long Beach, C a lif. , Oct. 19781 ________________ 2025-61, $1.50L o u is v ille , Ky.—Ind., N ov. 1978________________________________ 2025-69, $1.00M em phis, Tenn.—A rk .—M is s . , Nov. 1978 _____________________ 2025-62, $1.00

Bulletin numberA re a and p ric e *

Miami, Fla., Oct. 1978 1____________________________________ 2025-60, $1.30Milwaukee, Wis., Apr. 1979________________________________ 2050-8, $1.30Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn.—Wis., Jan. 1979______________ 2050-1, $ 1.30Nassau—Suffolk, N. Y., June .1978 1__________________________ 2025-33, $1.30Newark, N.J., Jan. 197.9____________________________________ 2050-5, $1.30New Orleans, La., Jan. 1979 1______________________________ 2050-2, $1.30New York, N.Y.-N.J., Mayl9781 __________________________ 2025-35, $1.50Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth, Va.—

N.C., May 1979 1__________________________________________ 2050-22, $1.75Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and

Newport News—Hampton, _Va.—N.C., May 1978---------------- 2025-21, 80 centsNortheast Pennsylvania, Aug.. 1978 ---------------------------------- 2025-47, $1.00Oklahoma City, Okla., Aug. 1978___________________________ 2025-40, $ 1.00Omaha, Nebr.—Iowa, Oct. 1978_____________________________ 2025-56, $1.00Paterson-Clifton—Passaic, N.J., June 1978 1___________,__ 2025-36, $1.20Philadelphia, Pa.—N.J., Nov. 1978 _________________________ 2025-54, $1.30Pittsburgh, Pa., Jan. 1979 1________________________________ 2050-11, $1.50Portland, Maine, Dec. 1978 1 _______________________________ 2025-70, $1.20Portland, Or eg.—Wash., May 1978 _________________________ 2025-25, $ 1.00Poughkeepsie, N. Y., June 1978 1___________________________ 2025-37, $1.10Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N.Y., June 1978 1 _____ 2025-42, $1.20Providence—Warwick—Pawtucket, R.I.—

Mass., June 1978__________________________________________ 2025-27, $1.40Richmond, Va., June 1979__________________________________ 2050-24, $1.50St. Louis, Mo.—111., Mar. 1979 1_____________________________ 2050-13, $1.50Sacramento, Calif., Dec. 1978 _____________________________ 2025-75, $1.00Saginaw, Mich., Nov. 1978 _________________________________ 2025-64, $1.00Salt Lake City—Ogden, Utah, Nov. 1978 1 ___________________ 2025-72, $1.30San Antonio, Tex., May 1979________________________________ 2050-17, $1.00San Diego, Calif., Nov. 1978________________________________ 2025-73, $1.00San Francisco—Oakland, Calif., Mar. 1979_________________ 2050-14, $1.20San Jose, Calif., Mar. 1979________________________________ 2050-19, $1.10Seattle—Everett, Wash., Dec. 1978_________________________ 2025-74, $1.00South Bend, Ind., Aug. 1978________________________________ 2025-44, $1.00Toledo, Ohio—Mich., May 1979_____________________________ 2050-16, $1.10Trenton, N.J., Sept. 1978 1 _________________________________ 2025-55, $1.20Utica-Rome, N.Y., July 1978_______________________________ 2025-34, $1.00Washington, D.C.—Md.—Va., Mar. 1979_____________________ 2050-4, $1.20Wichita, Kans., Apr. 1979__________________________________ 2050-18, $1.00Worcester, Mass., Apr. 1979_______________________________ 2050-23, $1.50York, Pa., Feb. 1979________________________________________ 2050-6, $1.00

* Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change.1 Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.


U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212Official Business Penalty for private use, $300

Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional OfficesRegion I1603 JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass 02203 Phone: 223-6761 (AreaCode617)ConnecticutMaineMassachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Vermont

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Region IISuite 34001515 BroadwayNew York, N Y. 10036Phone 399-5406 (Area Code 212)New Jersey New York Puerto Rico Virgin Islands

Region VISecond Floor555 Griffin Square BuildingDallas, Tex. 75202Phone: 767-6971 (AreaCode214)Arkansas Louisiana New Mexico Oklahoma Texas

Region 1113535 Market Street,P O Box 13309Philadelphia, Pa. 19101Phone 596-1154 (Area Code 215)DelawareDistrict of ColumbiaMarylandPennsylvaniaVirginiaWest Virginia

Regions VII and VIIIFederal Office Building 911 Walnut St., 15th Floor Kansas City, Mo 64106 Phone 374-2481 (Area Code 816)VII VIIIIowa ColoradoKansas MontanaMissouri North DakotaNebraska South Dakota

UtahWyoming

Postage and Fees Paid U.S. Department of Labor

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Lab-441

Region IVSuite 5401371 Peachtree St., N.E.Atlanta. Ga. 30309 Phone:881-4418 (Area Code 404)Alabama Florida Georgia Kentucky Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee

Regions IX and X450 Golden Gate Ave.Box 36017San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone 556-4678 (Area Code 415)IXArizonaCaliforniaHawaiiNevada

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