bls_2025-15_1978.pdf

Area Birmingham, Alabama,Wage Metropolitan AreaSurvey March 1978

/. -? . 3 :

Bulletin 2025-15

U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Preface

T h is bu lle t in p r o v id e s re su l ts o f a M a r c h 1978 s u r v e y of o c c u p a t ional ea rn in gs in the B ir m in g h a m , A la b a m a , Standard M e t ro p o l i ta n S ta t is t i ca l A r e a . T h e s u r v e y w as m ad e as part o f the B u reau of L a b o r S t a t is t ic s ' annual a r e a w age s u rv e y p r o g r a m . It w as con du cted by the B u r e a u 's re g io n a l o f f i c e in At lanta, G a . , u nder the g e n e r a l d i r e c t io n of J e r r y G. A d a m s , A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l C o m m is s i o n e r f o r O perat ion s . The s u r v e y co u ld not have b e e n a c c o m p l i s h e d without the c o o p e r a t io n of the m an y f i r m s w h ose wage and s a la r y data p r o v id e d the b a s is fo r the s ta t is t ica l in fo rm a t io n in this bulletin . The B u rea u w ish es to e x p r e s s s in c e r e a p p r e c ia t io n f o r the c o o p e r a t io n r e c e iv e d .

M a te r ia l in this pu b l ica t ion is in the pu b l ic d om a in and m a y be r e p r o d u c e d without p e r m i s s i o n o f the F e d e r a l G overn m en t. P le a s e c r e d i t

the Bureau of L a b o r Statis t ics and c i t e the nam e and n u m b e r of this publication .

Note:R e p o r ts on occu p a t ion a l e a rn in g s on ly in the B ir m in g h a m a r e a

a r e ava ilab le f o r the m ov in g and s to r a g e and the laun dry and d r y c lean in g in d u str ies (M a rch 1978). A l s o a v a i la b le a r e l is t in gs o f union w age ra tes f o r s ev en s e le c te d building tr a d e s . F r e e c o p ie s o f th e se a r e a v a i la b le f r o m the B u re a u 's re g ion a l o f f i c e s . (See b a c k c o v e r f o r a d d r e s s e s . )


AreaWageSurvey

Birmingham, Alabama, Metropolitan Area March 1978

U.S. Department of Labor Ray Marshall, SecretaryBureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin, CommissionerJune 1978Bulletin 2025-15

Contents Page

Introduction__j______________________________________ 2

Tables:

A. Earnings, all establishments;A - l . Weekly earnings o f o f f ice w ork ers__ 3A -2 . Weekly earnings o f pro fess iona l

and technical w o r k e r s ______________ 6A -3 . A verage weekly earnings of

o f f ice , pro fess ion a l , andtechnical w ork ers , by s e x _________ 8

A - 4. Hourly earnings o f maintenance, too lroom , and powerplantw orkers_______________________________ 10

A - 5. Hourly earnings o f m ateria lmovement and custodial w o rk e rs__11

A - 6. Average hourly earnings ofmaintenance, too lroom , pow er- plant, m ateria l m ovement, andcustodial w ork ers , by s e x _________ 13

A -7 . P ercent in creases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for employment shifts, fo r selected occupational g rou p s_________________ 14

Appendix A. Scope and method of s u r v e y _________ 15Appendix B. Occupational d e s cr ip t io n s ___________ 18

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on back cover.


Introduction

T h is a re a is 1 o f 75 in w h ich the U.S. D epartm en t o f L a b o r ' s B u reau o f L a b o r S ta t is t ic s con du cts s u rv e y ^ o f o c cu p a t io n a l earn in gs and re la ted b en e f its . (See l is t o f a rea s on in s id e ba ck c o v e r . ) In ea ch a r e a , o ccu p a t ion a l earn in gs data ( A - s e r i e s ta b le s ) are c o l l e c t e d annually . In fo rm a tion on e s t a b l ish m en t p r a c t i c e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age ben ef its ( B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) is ob ta in ed e v e r y th ird y e a r . This r e p o r t has no B - s e r i e s ta b le s .

E ach y e a r a fte r a ll in d iv idual a r e a w age su r v e y s have been c o m p le te d , tw o s u m m a r y bulletins a re i s s u e d . The f i r s t b r in g s to g e th e r data f o r e a ch m e t r o p o l i ta n a re a su rv e y e d ; the se c o n d p r e se n ts national and re g io n a l e s t im a t e s , p r o je c t e d f r o m indiv idual m e t ro p o l i ta n a r e a data, f o r all S tandard M etro p o l i ta n S ta t is t ic a l A r e a s in the United S ta tes , exc lu d in g A la sk a and Hawaii.

A m a j o r c o n s id e r a t i o n in the a re a w age s u rv e y p r o g r a m is the n eed to d e s c r i b e the l e v e l and m o v e m e n t o f w a g es in a v a r ie t y o f la b o r m a r k e t s , th rou gh the ana ly s is o f (1) the le v e l and d is tr ibu t ion o f w a g es by o ccu p a t io n , and (2) the m o v e m e n t o f w ages by o c cu p a t io n a l c a te g o r y and sk i l l le v e l . The p r o g r a m d e v e lo p s in fo rm a t io n that m a y be u sed f o r m an y p u r p o s e s , including w age and s a la r y a d m in is t ra t io n , c o l l e c t i v e b a rg a in in g , and a s s i s t a n c e in d e term in in g plant lo ca t io n . S u rvey resu lts a lso a re used by the U.S. D e p a r t m ent o f L a b o r to m a k e w agd d e term in a t ion s u nder the S e r v i c e C on tract A ct o f 1965.

A - s e r i e s tablesT ables A - l through A - 6 p r o v id e e s t im a te s o f s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly

o r h o u r ly earn ings f o r w o r k e r s in o c cu p a t io n s c o m m o n to a v a r ie t y o f m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing in d u s t r ie s . F o r the 31 la r g e s t s u rv e y a r e a s , tab les A - 8 through A - 13 p r o v id e s i m i l a r data f o r e s ta b l ish m e n ts e m p lo y in g 500 w o r k e r s o r m o r e .

Table A - 7 p r o v id e s p e r c e n t ch anges in a v e ra g e h o u r ly earn ings o f o f f i c e c le r i c a l w o r k e r s , e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g w o r k e r s , in du str ia l n u r s e s , sk i l led m ain ten ance t r a d e s w o r k e r s , and u n sk il led plant w o r k e r s . W h ere p o s s ib le , data are p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l in d u str ie s and f o r m a n u fa c turing and nonm anufacturing s e p a r a t e ly . Data a re not p r e s e n t e d f o r sk i l le d m ain ten ance w o r k e r s in n onm an ufactur in g b e c a u s e the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in this occu p at ion a l g ro u p in n onm an u factu r in g is t o o s m a l l to w arran t separate presen ta t ion . T h is tab le p r o v id e s a m e a s u r e o f w age tren d s a fter e l in im ation o f changes in a v e ra g e ea rn in gs c a u se d by e m p l o y m ent shifts am ong es ta b l ish m en ts as w e l l as tu r n o v e r o f e s ta b l ish m e n ts in c luded in s u rv ey s a m p le s . F o r fu r th e r d e t a i ls , see appendix A.

Append ixesAppendix A d e s c r ib e s the m eth od s and co n ce p t s u sed in the a r e a

w age s u rv ey p r o g r a m and p r o v id e s in fo r m a t io n on the s c o p e o f the s u rv e y .Appendix B p r o v id e s jo b d e s c r ip t i o n s u se d by B u re a u f ie ld e c o n o

m is t s to c la s s i fy w o r k e r s by o c cu p a t io n .


A . E a rn in g s

S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f ta b le s .

3Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978— Continued

O c c u p a t i o n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

ALL WORKERS— C O N T I N U E D

F I L E C L E R K S ----------------------------------------------------------------N AN U F AC T U R I N G --------------------------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

F I L E C L E R K S t CL AS S A ---------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

F I L E C L E R K S . C L A S S B ---------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

F I L E C L E R K S . C L A S S C ---------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

NE SSENGERS -------------------------------------------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

SWI T CHBOARD OPERAT ORS ------------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

R E T A I L TRAOE -----------------------------------------------

SWI T CHBOARD O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T I O N I S T S -NANU F AC T U R I N G --------------------------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------WHOLESALE TRAOE ---------------------------------------R E T A I L T RADE -----------------------------------------------F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

ORDER C L E RKS -------------------------------------------------------------N AN U F AC T U R I N G --------------------------------------------------N O NNANUF ACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------------------

ORDER C L E R K S . CL ASS A ------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------------------

ORDER C L E R K S . C L AS S B ------------------------------NAN U F AC T U R I N G -------------------------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRAOE --------------------------------------

A CCO UNT I NG C L E RKS -----------------------------------------------N ANU F AC T U RI NG --------------------------------------------------NONNANUF ACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE --------------------------------------R E T A I L T RADE -----------------------------------------------F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f—Average * $ s s s s s S % * * * $ * $ % s % * S Sweekly 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 2 10 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360

workers hours1Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2 and

u n d e r100 110 120 1 30 1 40 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 2 20 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380

$ $ $ $507 3 9 . 0 1 2 3 . 0 0 1 1 6 . 5 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 - 1 2 8 . 0 0 161 121 116 30 17 28 11 6 2 3 9 1 1 1 - - -

36 4 0 . 0 1 4 3 . 5 0 1 3 9 . 5 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 4 . 0 0 - 6 10 2 4 6 2 3 1 1 - - 1 - - -671 3 9 . 0 1 2 1 . 5 0 1 1 6 . 0 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 - 1 2 5 . 0 0 161 115 106 28 13 22 9 3 1 2 9 1 1 - -326 3 9 . 0 1 1 4 . 5 0 1 1 1 . 0 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 - 1 1 8 . 0 0 147 103 49 12 6 4 4 1 “ ” “ ~

33 3 9 . 5 1 6 0 . 5 0 1 5 7 . 5 0 1 5 0 . 5 0 - 1 6 9 . 0 0 - - 1 2 1 4 12 7 3 1 - - - 1 1 - - - - - -25 3 9 . 5 1 5 8 . 5 0 1 5 7 . 5 0 1 5 0 . 5 0 - 1 6 5 . 0 0 “ 1 1 3 12 6 1 “ ~ 1 ~ "

169 3 9 . 0 1 3 5 . 5 0 1 2 6 . 5 0 1 2 1 . 0 0 - 1 4 0 . 5 0 - 5 29 54 23 10 10 1 3 1 3 9 1 - - - - - - - -146 3 9 . 0 1 3 4 . 5 0 1 2 6 . 5 0 1 2 1 . 0 0 - 1 3 8 . 0 0 - 5 29 53 22 10 10 2 1 2 9 1 - ” ~

66 3 8 . 5 1 2 5 . 0 0 1 2 2 . 5 0 1 1 6 . 5 0 - 1 3 0 . 5 0 ~ 1 22 26 6 6 4 1

325 3 9 . 5 1 1 3 . 5 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 - 1 1 8 . 0 0 - 156 91 60 6 3 6 3302 3 9 . 5 1 1 2 . 0 0 1 0 8 . 0 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 - 1 1 6 . 5 0 156 85 53 5 3 “ - “ - “ ~254 3 9 . 0 1 1 0 . 5 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 1 0 6 . 5 0 - 1 1 5 . 0 0 ” 146 80 23 5 “ “ “ “ “ “ ” “ "

103 3 9 . 0 1 4 1 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 5 0 1 2 4 . 0 0 - 1 4 7 . 5 0 - 7 14 10 20 28 5 11 - 1 - 5 1 - 1 - - - - - -99 3 9 . 0 1 4 1 . 0 3 1 3 9 . 0 0 1 2 3 . 0 0 - 1 4 6 . 5 0 7 14 10 19 26 4 11 1 5 1 - 1 - - -38 3 9 . 0 1 3 1 . 5 0 1 3 0 . 5 0 1 1 1 . 5 0 - 1 4 5 . 5 0 ~ 5 9 4 6 12 ~ “ “ 1 “ 1 " “ “ ~ “ ~ ~ “

122 4 0 . 0 1 3 9 . 5 0 1 3 3 . 0 0 1 1 6 . 5 0 - 1 6 1 . 0 0 4 11 28 14 16 9 7 9 8 6 2 6 - 2 - - - - - - -106 4 0 . 0 1 3 7 . 0 0 1 3 2 . 5 0 1 1 6 . 0 0 - 1 5 8 . 5 0 4 11 22 14 16 9 5 7 6 6 1 4 1 - - - - - -

29 3 9 . 0 1 1 7 . 5 0 1 1 4 . 0 3 1 0 6 . 0 0 - 1 2 4 . 0 0 4 10 4 6 1 1 i 1 1 - “ ”

212 3 9 . 5 1 5 4 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 - 1 6 6 . 5 0 - 15 6 19 28 34 44 24 13 - 3 4 17 1 1 - - - 3 - -59 4 0 . 0 1 6 3 . 0 0 1 6 0 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 3 . 5 0 - - 12 1 14 2 13 3 i - 12 1 - ~ *

153 3 9 . 5 1 5 0 . 5 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 5 . 0 0 - 15 6 7 27 20 42 11 10 - 2 4 5 - 1 - - 3 - -29 4 0 . 0 1 7 6 . 0 0 1 5 2 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 0 . 0 0 - - - 2 8 8 “ 5 - 2 1 - - 330 4 0 . 0 1 6 6 . 5 0 1 5 4 . 0 0 1 5 3 . 5 0 - 1 9 0 . 0 0 - 2 1 2 13 1 2 2 4 3 - - -38 4 0 . 0 1 4 C . 5 0 1 3 4 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 4 . 0 0 - 2 1 20 “ 9 6 - - “ ~ ”35 3 8 . 0 1 3 8 . 0 0 1 4 1 . 0 0 1 0 8 . 0 0 - 1 5 5 . 0 0 “ 10 “ “ 1 10 10 4 “ “ “ ~ ~ “

220 4 0 . 0 1 7 1 . 5 0 1 7 3 . 5 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 - 1 8 2 . 0 0 - 6 1 15 23 21 27 16 15 55 9 - 3 8 10 8 3 - - - -

47 3 9 . 5 1 5 1 . 0 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 - 1 7 1 . 0 0 - - - 6 10 12 6 1 “ 12 ~ ~ ~ " “ “ ~ ” “ ~173 4 0 . 0 1 7 7 . 5 0 1 7 7 . 5 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 8 5 . 0 0 - 6 1 9 13 9 2 1 15 15 43 9 3 8 10 8 3 ” ~119 4 3 . 0 1 9 3 . 5 0 1 8 2 . 0 0 1 7 7 . 5 0 - 2 1 8 . 5 0 - 6 1 4 " 3 6 15 43 9

' 3 8 10 8 3

41 3 9 . 5 2 2 4 . 0 0 2 2 1 . 5 0 1 8 4 . 5 0 - 2 5 3 . 0 0 - - - - - - 3 3 - 6 3 - 3 6 7 7 3 - - - -35 4 0 . 0 2 3 1 . 0 0 2 3 5 . 0 0 2 0 8 . 0 0 - 2 6 4 . 5 0 - - - - - 3 3 - 3 ” 3 6 7 7 3 ~35 4 0 . 0 2 3 1 . 0 0 2 3 5 . 0 0 2 0 8 . 0 0 - 2 6 4 . 5 0 * “ “ 3 3 “ 3 “ 3 6 7 7 3

179 4 0 . 0 1 5 9 . 5 0 1 5 5 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 5 0 - 1 8 1 . 5 0 - 6 1 15 23 21 24 13 15 49 6 - - 2 3 1 - - - - -41 4 0 . 0 1 4 6 . 5 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 - 1 5 5 . 0 0 - - 6 10 12 6 1 “ 6 ”

138 4 0 . 0 1 6 3 . 5 0 1 7 3 . 5 0 1 4 2 . 0 0 - 1 8 2 . 0 0 - 6 1 9 13 9 18 12 15 43 6 2 3 1 “ ~ “84 4 0 . 0 1 7 7 . 5 0 1 8 2 . 0 0 1 7 4 . 0 0 - 1 8 2 . 0 3 “ 6 1 “ 4 “ ” 3 15 43 6 2 3 1 “ ” ~

1 . 2 0 1 3 9 . 0 1 6 4 . 0 0 1 5 1 . 5 0 1 3 1 . 0 0 - 1 8 6 . 5 0 19 32 128 109 127 1 4 1 159 80 57 51 73 24 16 98 33 8 6 31 6 3 -

226 4 0 . 0 1 9 8 . 5 0 1 8 0 . 5 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 2 2 0 . 0 0 _ - 8 4 14 25 31 12 8 22 23 5 6 6

975 3 9 . 0 1 5 6 . 0 0 1 4 8 . 5 0 1 2 5 . 5 0 - 1 7 5 . 0 0 19 32 120 105 113 116 128 68 49 29 50 19 9 80 31 2 2 3

179 4 0 . 0 1 5 3 . 5 0 1 4 6 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 5 0 - 1 5 8 . 5 0 ~ 6 23 37 31 37 9 4 9 6 4 * 1201 3 9 . 5 1 3 6 . 0 0 1 3 4 . 0 0 1 1 4 . 0 0 - 1 5 6 . 0 0 19 9 43 15 19 28 25 19 18 4 2245 3 8 . 0 1 3 9 . 5 0 1 2 9 . 5 0 1 1 5 . 5 0 - 1 5 5 . 0 0 - 19 67 41 15 20 35 12 10 2 20

See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .


Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978— Continued

O c c u p a t i o n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

ALL WORKERS— C O N T I N U E D

A C C O U N T I N G C L E R K S - C O N T I N U E D

A C C O U NT I N G C L E R K S . C L A S S A -------MA NU F A C T U R I NG -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ---------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ---------------------------WHOL ESAL E TRADE ------------------------------F I N A N C E ----------------------------------------------------

A C C O U N T I N G C L E R K S . C L A S S B ------MANU F A C T U R I NG -----------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------

WHOL ESAL E TRADE -----------------------------R E T A I L T RADE --------------------------------------F I N A N C E ----------------------------------------------------

B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E O P E RAT O RS — NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------

B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E OP E RAT O RS C L A S S A ----------------------------------------------------------

B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E OPE RAT ORSC L A S S B ----------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------

MACHI NE B I L L E R S -------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------

B I L L I N G - M A C H I N E B I L L E R S --------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------

P A Y ROL L C L E R K S ----------------------------------------------MA NU F A C T U RI NG ----------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------

R E T A I L T RADE --------------------------------------

KEY E N T R Y OPE RAT O RS --------------------------------MA NU F A C T U RI NG ----------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------F I N A N C E ---------------------------------------------------

KEY E NT RY O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S AMA NU F A C T U RI NG ----------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------

F I N A N C E --------------------------------------------------

KEY E N T RY O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S BMA NU F A C T U RI NG ----------------------------------------N O NHA NUFA C T URI NG --------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------F I N A N C E ---------------------------------------------------

"^"weekl^Tarnlngs^™ ( standard) ' l umbe r of w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g st r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y ear n i n g s of-----

Numberof

workers

Average % $ % S s s $ $ s $ S $ $ $ $ s S s s 5 Sweeklyhours1

standard) Mean 2 Median 2 Middle range 2

90

and

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 2 10 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360

u n d e r

100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 2 0 0 210 2 2 0 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380

$ $ $ $292 3 9 . 5 2 0 5 . 0 0 1 9 2 . 0 0 1 5 9 . 0 0 - 2 4 9 . 0 0 - - - 6 9 24 37 20 20 15 48 13 4 17 31 6 2 31 6 3

84 4 0 . 0 2 5 1 . 5 0 2 3 9 . 5 0 1 9 0 . 0 0 - 3 0 4 . 5 0 - - - - - 1 3 3 7 14 3 1 10 1 4 - 28 6 3 -208 3 9 . 0 1 8 6 . 0 0 1 7 7 . 5 0 1 5 1 . 0 0 - 2 0 0 . 0 0 - - - 6 9 24 36 17 17 8 34 10 3 7 30 2 2 3 - -

60 3 9 . 0 2 2 8 . 0 0 2 3 8 . 5 0 1 9 5 . 0 0 - 2 5 0 . 5 0 - - - ~ - 3 2 3 11 5 2 4 25 1 1 3 -32 4 0 . 0 1 8 7 . 5 0 1 9 1 . 5 0 1 5 3 . 0 0 - 2 1 9 . 0 0 - - - 1 1 6 1 5 1 1 3 4 1 3 4 - 1 - - - -78 3 8 . 5 1 6 7 . 5 0 1 6 0 . 5 0 1 4 9 . 5 0 - 1 9 4 . 0 0 - - “ 5 4 14 16 8 7 1 20 1 ~ ~ 1 1 - "

9 09 3 9 . 0 1 5 1 . 0 0 1 4 5 . 0 0 1 2 4 . 5 0 - 1 6 5 . 5 0 19 32 128 103 118 117 122 60 37 36 25 11 12 81 2 2 4 - - - -

142 4 0 . 0 1 6 7 . 5 0 1 5 6 . 0 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 - 1 8 0 . 5 0 - 8 4 14 25 30 9 5 15 9 2 6 8 1 2 4 - - - -767 3 9 . 0 1 4 8 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 5 0 1 2 2 . 0 0 - 1 6 3 . 5 0 19 32 120 99 104 92 92 51 32 21 16 9 6 73 1 - - - - - -147 4 0 . 0 1 4 6 . 0 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 1 3 2 . 0 0 - 1 5 2 . 0 0 - - 6 22 36 25 36 4 3 8 3 1 3 - - - - - - -179 3 9 . 5 1 3 3 . 0 0 1 3 2 . 5 0 1 1 4 . 0 0 - 1 5 1 . 5 0 19 9 43 15 19 28 6 19 16 3 2 - - - - - - - -167 3 8 . 0 1 2 6 . 0 3 1 1 9 . 0 0 1 1 2 . 5 0 - 1 3 2 . 5 0 ~ 19 67 36 11 6 19 4 3 1 - 1 “ - -

82 4 0 . 0 1 5 9 . 0 0 1 6 4 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 - 1 8 0 . 0 0 - - _ 10 4 24 1 10 1 1 11 7 3 - 1 - - _ - . -

69 4 0 . 0 1 5 4 . 5 0 1 4 9 . 5 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 - 1 7 0 . 0 0 ~ 10 i 24 1 10 10 10 1 2 ” “ ~ “ “ " “

52 4 0 . 0 1 7 2 . 0 0 1 7 0 . 0 0 1 6 4 . 0 0 - 1 8 0 . 0 0 ~ - - - - 10 - 9 11 11 7 3 - 1 - - - - - - -

30 4 0 . 0 1 3 7 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 2 4 . 0 0 - 1 4 2 . 5 0 _ _ _ 10 4 14 1 1 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _27 4 0 . 0 1 3 7 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 2 4 . 0 0 - 1 4 5 . 0 0 “ “ “ 10 i 14 1 1 - - “ ~ ~ ~

67 4 0 . 0 1 3 0 . 0 J 1 4 2 . 0 0 1 3 4 . 0 0 - 1 6 0 . 5 0 - _ _ 13 14 10 3 14 11 _ _ - - - - 2 - - - - -

55 4 0 . 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 4 2 . 0 0 1 3 4 . 0 0 - 1 6 0 . 5 3 13 9 10 - 11 10 - - 2 ” ”

66 4 0 . 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 4 2 . 0 0 1 3 4 . 0 0 - 1 6 0 . 5 0 - - - 13 14 10 3 13 11 - - - - - - 2 - - - - -

54 4 0 . 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 1 4 2 . 0 0 1 3 4 . 0 0 - 1 6 0 . 5 0 “ - 13 9 10 10 10 - - 2 - -

195 3 9 . 5 1 8 4 . 0 0 1 8 1 . 0 0 1 5 5 . 5 0 - 2 0 2 . 5 0 - 1 5 6 n 14 21 26 9 23 19 16 17 10 10 _ _ 3 4 _ _

93 4 0 . 0 1 9 4 . 5 0 1 8 6 . 5 0 1 5 9 . 0 0 - 2 1 2 . 5 0 - - 1 1 6 16 12 5 14 8 6 2 7 9 - - 2 4 - -

102 3 9 . 5 1 7 4 . 5 0 1 7 8 . 5 0 1 4 6 . 5 0 - 2 0 1 . 5 0 1 5 5 10 8 5 14 4 9 1 1 10 15 3 1 - - 1 - - -

42 4 0 . 0 1 7 2 . 0 0 1 8 2 . 5 0 1 3 2 . 0 0 - 2 0 1 . 5 0 1 5 2 5 1 - 6 - 2 1 9 10 - - - - " - - -

682 3 9 . 5 1 5 4 . 0 0 1 4 6 . 5 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 - 1 6 2 . 5 0 35 46 79 115 93 124 43 30 18 12 22 6 22 28 _ 9 _ _ _ _112 4 0 . 0 1 8 2 . 5 0 1 7 2 . 5 0 1 5 3 . 3 0 - 2 2 4 . 5 0 - 1 5 8 4 8 17 6 10 7 6 8 4 - 28 - _ _ _ _ -

570 3 9 . 5 1 4 8 . 5 0 1 4 0 . 5 0 1 2 9 . 5 0 - 1 5 6 . 0 0 34 41 71 i n 85 107 37 20 11 6 14 2 22 - - 9 - - _ -

119 3 9 . 0 1 7 3 . 5 0 1 5 6 . 5 0 1 3 7 . 0 0 - 2 1 6 . 5 3 4 2 5 24 20 14 6 4 2 4 3 1 21 - - 9 - - - -

83 4 0 . 0 1 5 0 . 5 0 1 4 1 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 5 0 - 1 6 4 . 5 0 17 21 15 7 4 3 5 1 9 - 1 - - - - - - -

139 3 8 . 5 1 3 2 . 0 0 1 2 9 . 5 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 - 1 4 4 . 0 0 25 22 25 22 22 9 5 2 4 1 1 1 - - - - - - - -

177 3 9 . 5 1 6 3 . 0 0 1 5 6 . 0 0 1 5 2 . 5 0 - 1 7 6 . 0 0 - - 10 6 6 11 6 9 27 13 13 10 8 4 4 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _27 4 0 . 0 1 8 7 . 0 0 1 8 5 . 5 0 1 7 4 . 0 0 - 2 0 1 . 5 0 - - 3 4 1 6 6 4 3 - - - - - - - -

150 3 9 . 5 1 5 9 . 0 0 1 5 4 . 0 0 1 5 0 . 0 0 - 1 6 3 . 5 0 — 10 6 6 11 61 23 12 7 4 4 1 4 - - 1 - - - -

28 3 8 . 5 1 4 7 . 5 0 1 4 7 . 0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 - 1 6 7 . 5 0 — 10 i “ 3 4 3 1 4 1 1 - - - - - - - - -

505 3 9 . 5 1 5 1 . 0 0 1 3 9 . 5 0 1 2 8 . 0 0 - 1 5 5 . 5 0 - 35 36 73 109 82 6 0 16 17 5 2 14 2 18 28 - 8 - - - -

85 4 0 . 0 1 8 1 . 5 0 1 7 1 . 5 0 1 4 4 . 0 0 - 2 4 1 . 5 0 1 5 8 4 8 14 2 9 1 - 4 1 28 - - - - -4 20 3 9 . 5 1 4 4 . 5 0 1 3 8 . 0 0 1 2 7 . 0 0 - 1 5 3 . 0 0 - 34 31 65 1 05 74 46 14 8 4 2 10 1 18 - 8 - - - -109 3 9 . 0 1 6 9 . 5 0 1 4 8 . 0 0 1 3 6 . 0 0 - 1 9 4 . 0 0 - 4 2 5 24 20 14 6 3 2 2 1 - 18 - - 8 - - -

71 4 0 . 0 1 4 6 . 0 0 1 3 6 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 3 . 0 0 * - 17 2 1 14 4 2 2 2 - 9 - - - - - - - - -

111 3 8 . 5 1 2 8 . 0 0 1 2 4 . 5 0 1 1 4 . 5 0 - 1 4 0 . 0 0 25 12 24 22 19 5 2 1 1

See fo o tn o te s a t en d o f ta b le s .

5


able A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978

O c c u p a t io n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

ALL WORKERS

COMPUTER S YS TEM S ANA L Y S TS( B U S I N E S S ) ------------------------------------------------------------

NONMANUFAC TUR ING -------------------------------------

COMPUTER S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T S( B U S I N E S S ) . C L AS S A -----------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING -------------------------------------

COMPUTER S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T S ( B U S I N E S S ) . C L AS S B ----------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) —MA NU FACTU RING ---------------------------------------------NONMAN UFACTURING -------------------------------------

F I N A N C E ---------------------------------------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S )CLAS S A --------------------------------------------------------------NONMAN UFACTURING -------------------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S )C LAS S B -------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TURIN G ------------------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S )CLAS S, C -------------------------------------------------------------NONMAN UFACTURING ------------------------------------

COMPUTER OP E RATO RS ---------------------------------------M ANU FACTUR ING --------------------------------------------NONMA NUFAC TURING ------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------------R E T A I L TRADE -----------------------------------------F I N A N C E --------------------------------------------------------

COMPUTER O P E R A T O R S. C L A S S A -------

COMPUTER O P E R ATO R S. C L AS S R -------M ANU FACTUR ING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TURIN G ------------------------------------

F I N A N C E --------------------------------------------------------

COMPUTER O P E R ATO R S. C L AS S C -------NONMAN UFACTURING ------------------------------------

DRA FT E RS -------------------------------------------------------------------M ANU FACTUR ING --------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TURIN G ------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------

D R A F T E R S . C L AS S A ------------------------------------M ANU FACTUR ING --------------------------------------------

N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f—

Numberof

Average s t s $ $ % s < s s s % % s $ $ * s s s $weekly 100 120 190 160 1 80 200 22 0 290 260 280 30 0 320 3 9 0 360 380 900 9 20 9 90 960 9 80 500

woikers (standard) Mem2 Median 2 Middle range 2 andu n d er - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - and

120 190 160 180 2 00 220 290 2 60 2 80 300 320 390 3 60 380 9 00 920 9 90 960 9 80 500 o v e r

$ $ $ $89 3 9 . 5 3 5 9 . 5 0 3 9 6 . 5 0 3 1 5 . 0 0 - 3 8 9 . 0 0 - ~ 1 1 5 6 12 13 10 9 11 5 5 2 1 2 i76 3 9 . 5 3 5 5 . 5 0 3 9 6 . 5 0 3 1 8 . 0 0 - 3 8 6 . 0 0

' ' ' "” 1 1 9 6 10 12 10 7 9 5 5 2 1 2 i

28 3 9 . 5 9 0 0 . 5 0 3 8 7 . 5 0 3 7 3 . 0 0 - 9 2 8 . 0 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 6 10 2 3 2 _ 2 i25 3 9 . 5 9 0 3 . 0 0 3 9 1 . 0 0 3 7 9 . 5 0 - 9 2 8 . 0 0

~ " ' " " "1 1 5 8 2 3 2 ~ 2 i

3B 3 9 . 5 3 3 5 . 5 0 3 3 6 . 5 0 3 0 8 . 0 0 - 3 9 9 . 5 0 - - - - - - 1 1 3 3 6 9 7 2 1 3 1 - 1 - -

225 3 9 . 5 2 7 6 . 0 0 2 6 3 . 5 0 2 9 0 . 5 0 - 3 1 1 . 5 0 - 1 2 4 13 12 23 53 27 15 23 16 20 7 2 1 4 1 - - i42 9 0 . 0 2 9 5 . 0 0 2 7 6 . 0 0 2 5 9 . 5 0 - 3 9 1 . 5 0 - - 1 - 1 2 - 13 6 4 2 1 7 2 - 1 - 1 ~ “ i

183 3 9 . 5 2 7 2 . 0 0 2 6 0 . 0 0 2 3 1 . 0 0 - 3 0 6 . 5 0 - 1 1 4 12 10 23 40 21 i i 21 15 13 5 2 - 4 ~ “82 3 9 . 0 2 5 2 . 0 0 2 4 9 . 0 0 2 3 1 . 0 0 - 2 8 9 . 5 0 “ ~ 3 U 2 16 16 10 5 16 3

62 3 9 . 5 3 1 6 . 5 0 3 0 9 . 5 0 2 9 1 . 0 0 - 3 9 5 . 0 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 5 2 9 19 4 12 4 2 - 1 - - - i53 3 9 . 5 3 1 1 . 0 0 3 0 5 . 0 0 2 8 8 . S O - 3 4 5 . 00 “ “ ~ ~ “ “ 3 5 2 7 17 3 9 4 2 1

94 3 9 . 5 2 8 4 . 5 0 2 6 9 . 0 0 2 9 9 . 0 0 - 3 2 9 . 0 0 _ _ _ _ 1 6 4 26 23 4 4 12 8 1 - 1 3 1 - - -

79 3 9 . 5 2 8 2 . 5 0 2 6 9 . 0 0 2 9 9 . 0 0 - 3 1 9 . 5 0 “ ~ ~ ~ 4 4 25 18 4 4 12 4 1 3

69 3 9 . 5 2 2 8 . 5 0 2 3 1 . 0 0 1 9 0 . 5 0 - 2 5 3 . 0 0 _ 1 2 4 12 6 16 22 2 2 _ - - 2 - - - - - - -

51 3 9 . 0 2 1 5 . 0 0 2 2 5 . 5 0 1 8 5 . 0 0 - 2 3 1 . 0 0 1 1 4 12 6 16 10 1 - - ” ~ ” “ "

369 3 9 . 0 2 0 0 . 5 0 1 9 6 . 0 0 1 6 7 . 0 0 - 2 9 1 . 0 0 10 22 32 55 75 26 97 85 6 6 1 3 - 1 - - - - - - -66 4 0 . 0 1 9 2 . 5 0 1 8 0 . 0 0 1 5 9 . 0 0 - 2 1 0 . 0 0 - 1 17 5 25 7 1 1 3 3 i 1 1 - - - ~ “ ~

303 3 8 . 5 2 0 2 . 5 0 2 1 0 . 0 0 1 6 8 . 0 0 - 2 9 1 . 0 0 10 21 15 50 50 19 46 84 3 3 - 2 - “ ~ ”33 9 0 . 0 2 0 1 . 0 0 1 8 3 . 0 0 1 6 0 . 0 0 - 2 2 8 . 0 0 - 2 13 5 - 5 5 - 3 - - - - “ - “ “95 4 0 . 0 1 9 0 . 0 3 1 9 3 . 5 0 1 8 9 . 5 0 - 1 9 6 . 0 0 - 3 i 7 23 9 - - 2 - - - - - - - - - - ~ -71 3 8 . 5 1 6 1 . 5 0 1 6 6 . 0 0 1 2 1 . 0 0 - 1 6 9 . 0 0 10 18 7 22 4 4 i 2 1 - 2 “ “ “ “ ~ ~ ~

29 3 9 . 0 2 1 9 . 0 0 1 9 8 . 5 0 1 8 9 . 0 0 - 2 7 9 . 0 0 - 1 4 2 9 2 2 1 1 5 1 - - 1 - - - - - ~ -

262 3 8 . 5 2 1 1 . 0 0 2 2 7 . 5 0 1 7 8 . 5 0 - 2 9 1 . 0 0 - 10 19 93 35 29 43 84 5 1 - 3 - - - - - - - - -26 9 0 . 0 2 0 1 . 0 0 1 8 9 . 5 0 1 6 6 . 0 0 - 2 1 0 . 0 0 - 1 5 4 4 7 - i 2 1 - 1 - - - - - -

236 3 8 . 5 2 1 2 . 0 0 2 3 6 . 0 0 1 8 2 . 0 0 - 2 9 1 . 0 0 - 9 9 39 31 17 93 83 3 - - 2 - ~ - - - -39 3 8 . 5 1 8 0 . 5 0 1 6 7 . 0 0 1 6 6 . 0 0 - 1 7 9 . 5 0 ■ 6 3 20 3 2 2 1 2 ” “ ~ ~ “

78 3 9 . 5 1 5 9 . 0 0 1 6 9 . 5 0 1 2 9 . 0 0 - 1 8 0 . 0 0 10 11 19 10 31 - 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -95 3 9 . 0 1 5 2 . 5 0 1 5 7 . 5 0 1 2 1 . 0 0 - 1 8 3 . 0 0 10 11 2 10 10 2 “ “ ~ “ ” ~ “ “

6 28 4 0 . 0 2 5 9 . 0 0 2 3 5 . 5 0 1 9 7 . 0 0 - 3 1 1 . 0 0 5 9 52 44 51 86 83 35 91 93 32 30 56 25 12 12 5 3 3 1 -189 9 0 . 0 2 9 8 . 5 0 2 3 6 . 0 0 1 9 5 . 0 0 - 2 9 0 . 0 0 5 7 3 18 20 19 31 10 19 17 7 5 29 6 - 3 - “ -4 39 9 0 . 0 2 5 6 . 0 0 2 2 7 . 5 0 2 0 0 . J O - 3 1 9 . 50 - 2 49 26 31 72 52 25 22 26 25 25 32 19 12 9 5 3 3 1 -

93 3 9 . 0 2 2 2 . 5 0 2 2 2 . 5 0 2 0 2 . 0 0 - 2 3 2 . 5 0 3 9 10 10 90 7 8 4 2 ~ “ ” “ “ ~ ~ ~ ~ “

235 4 0 . 0 3 2 5 . 5 0 3 3 5 . 0 0 2 8 0 . 0 0 - 3 6 2 . 0 0 - - - - - 8 13 15 21 27 18 23 50 25 12 11 5 3 3 1 -79 9 0 . 0 3 0 8 . 0 0 3 0 7 . 5 0 2 7 7 . 0 0 - 3 9 8 . 5 0 3 6 1 10 16 5 3 22 6 2

S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b l e s .


Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978— Continued

O c c u p a t i o n a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

A L L UO RKER S— C O N T I N U E D

D R A F T E R S - C O N T I N U E D

D R A F T E R S . C L A S S B ------------------------M A N U F A C T U R IN G --------------------------------N O NM ANUFA CTU RI NG ------------------------

D R A F T E R S . C L A S S C ------------------------M A N U F A C TU R IN G --------------------------------N ON MA NUF ACTU RI NG -----------------------

E L E C T R O N I C S T E C H N I C I A N S ------------N O NM ANUFA CTU RIN G -----------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------

R E G I S T E R E D I N D U S T R I A L NURSES M A N U F A C TU R IN G --------------------------------

Numberof

wodeers

Averageweeklyhours1

(standard)

^^Weekl^earnlng^^™(standard)

Mean2 Median 2 Middle range 2

$ $ $ $213 4 0 . 0 2 3 4 . 0 0 2 1 3 . 5 0 2 0 2 . 5 0 - 2 6 4 . 5 0

61 4 0 . 0 2 2 7 . 5 0 2 2 5 . 0 0 1 9 6 . 0 0 - 2 3 6 . 0 0152 4 0 . 0 2 3 7 . 0 0 2 1 1 . 5 0 2 0 2 . 5 0 - 2 7 6 . 0 0

139 4 0 . 0 1 7 6 . 5 0 1 6 2 . 5 0 1 5 0 . 5 0 - 1 8 5 . 0 049 4 0 . 0 1 9 9 . 5 0 1 8 0 . 0 0 1 6 4 . 0 0 - 2 2 3 . 5 090 4 0 . 0 1 6 4 . 0 0 1 5 7 . 5 0 1 5 0 . 5 0 - 1 6 8 . 0 0

242 4 0 . 0 3 0 3 . 0 0 2 9 3 . 0 0 2 9 3 . 0 0 - 3 2 2 . 5 0229 4 0 . 0 2 9 9 . 5 0 2 9 3 . 0 0 2 9 3 . 0 0 - 3 2 2 . 5 0210 4 0 . 0 3 0 7 . 0 0 2 9 3 . 0 0 2 9 3 . 0 0 - 3 2 2 . 5 0

42 4 0 . 0 2 4 0 . 0 0 2 3 9 . 0 0 2 2 1 . 0 0 - 2 5 2 . 0 036 4 0 . 0 2 3 7 . 0 0 2 3 5 . 0 0 2 2 1 . 0 0 - 2 4 8 . 5 0

Number of workers receiving straight-tim e weekly earnings of—

100

and

1 20 140 1 60 1 80 200 2 20 2 4 0 2 60 280 3 00 320 3 40 360 380 400 4 20 440 460 480 500

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and

140 160 1 80 2 0 0 220 2 40 2 60 2 80 300 320 3 40 3 60 380 4 00 420 4 40 460 4 80 500 o v e r

1 5 36 68 31 16 17 16 12 5 5 - - 1 - - - - -- - 4 14 8 20 6 6 1 - - 1 - - 1 - - - - -

- 1 1 22 60 11 10 11 15 12 5 a - - - - - - - -

9 51 38 15 9 5 a 3 - 2 2 l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

7 3 14 6 3 5 3 3 2 2 l - - - - - - - -

2 48 2a 9 6 “ i

_ _ i 5 3 6 3 2 110 5 95 _ 12 - - _ - - - -

- - i 5 3 6 3 2 110 a 95

- - - - - - - 2 109 a 95

_ _ _ _ 7 15 10 9 _ i- - 6 14 9 7 - - - - -

S e e fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b le s .


Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex.in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978

S e x , 1 o c c u p a t i o n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

O F F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S - MEN

MESSENGERS ---------------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TURIN G -------------------------

OROER CLE R K S ---------------------------------------------NON hA N U FA C TU R IN G --------------------------

U H O L E S A L E TRADE ----------------------

ORDER C L E R K S . C L AS S A -------------N O NH ANUF ACTU RIN G ------------------------

U H O L E S A L E TRADE -----------------------

ORDER C L E R K S . C LAS S B --------------N ON HA NUF ACTUR IN G --------------------------

U H O L E S A L E TRADE ----------------------

A C CO U N T IN G C LER K S -------------------------------M A NUF ACTU R ING ----------------------------------

A C CO U NTIN G C L E R K S . C L A S S A MA NU FA C TU R IN G ---------------------------------

A C CO U N T IN G C L E R K S . C L A S S B

O F F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S - UOHEN

S E C R E T A R I E S ----------------------------M A NUF ACTU R ING --------------NONMANUFAC TURIN G —

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S U H O L E S A L E TRADE -

S E C R E T A R I E S . C L AS S A NONMANUFAC TURIN G —

S E C R E T A R I E S . C L AS S BM A NUF ACTU R ING --------------NONMA NUFAC TURIN G —

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S F I N A N C E -------------------------

S E C R E T A R I E S . C L AS S CMA NU FA C TU R IN G --------------NONMANUFAC TURIN G —

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S

S E C R E T A R I E S . C L AS S DM A NUF ACTU R ING --------------N ON HA NUF ACTUR IN G —

STE NOG RA PH E RS -----------------------MA NU FA C TU R IN G -------------NON MA NUFAC TUR ING —

U H O L E S A L E TRADE -

Numberof

workers

Average(mean2)

Week by hours

(standard)

Weeklyearnings1(standard)

54 3 9 . 5$1 4 4 . 0 0

51 3 9 . 5 1 4 4 . 0 0

78 4 0 . 0 1 9 6 . 5 066 4 0 . 0 2 0 6 . 5 066 4 0 . 0 2 0 6 . 5 0

35 9 0 . 0 2 3 1 . 0 035 9 0 . 0 2 3 1 . 0 035 9 0 . 0 2 3 1 . 0 0

43 4 0 . 0 1 6 9 . 0 031 4 0 . 0 1 7 8 . 5 031 9 0 . 0 1 7 8 . 5 0

101 3 9 . 0 2 2 6 . 0 049 4 0 . 0 2 7 4 . 0 0

65 4 0 . 0 2 8 3 . 0 034 4 0 . 0 3 0 2 . 5 0

56 3 8 . 5 1 7 9 . 5 0

1 t 068 3 9 . 5 2 0 1 . 5 0185 4 0 . 0 2 2 3 . 5 0883 3 9 . 5 1 9 7 . 0 0267 3 9 . 0 2 4 2 . 0 0

53 4 0 . 0 1 6 9 . 5 0

96 3 9 . 5 2 1 7 . 5 075 3 9 . 5 2 1 0 . 0 0

2 36 3 9 . 5 2 1 1 . 5 041 4 0 . 0 2 4 3 . 6 0

195 3 9 . 5 2 0 5 . 0 042 3 9 . 5 2 6 6 . 0 062 3 9 . 5 1 9 3 . 0 0

309 3 9 . 5 2 0 6 . 5 044 4 0 . 0 2 1 8 . 5 0

260 3 9 . 5 2 0 4 . 5 0107 3 9 . 0 2 4 4 . 0 0

9 20 3 9 . 5 1 8 9 . 0 075 4 0 . 0 2 0 8 . 0 0

395 3 9 . 5 1 8 5 . 0 0

706 3 9 . 0 1 7 8 . 0 085 4 0 . 0 1 7 2 . 5 0

621 3 8 . 5 1 7 9 . 0 092 4 0 . 0 1 7 6 . 5 0

Sex , 3 o c c u p a t io n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

O F F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S - UOMEN— C O N T I N U E D

STEN OG RAPH ER S - C O N T IN U E D

ST E N O G R A P H E R S. GE NERAL --------M A NUFACTUR ING -------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g :

U H O L E S A L E TRADE --------------------

ST E N O G R A P H E R S, s e n i o r -----------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------

T R A N S C R I B I N G - M A C H I N E T Y P I S T SM A NUFACTUR ING -------------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING ----------------------

T Y P I S T S ---------------------------------------------------------M A NUFACTUR ING -------------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING ----------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ----------------F I N A N C E ------------------------------------------

T Y P I S T S . C L AS S A -------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING ----------------------

T Y P I S T S . C L AS S B -------------------------M A NUFACTUR ING -------------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING ----------------------

F I N A N C E ------------------------------------------

F I L E CLERK S --------------------------------------------M ANU FACTURI NG -------------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING ----------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ----------------F I N A N C E -----------------------------------------

F I L E C L E R K S . C L AS S A

F I L E C L E R K S . C L A S S BNON MA NUFAC TURIN G -■

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S F I N A N C E -----------------------

F I L E C L E R K S . C L A S S C ---------------------------------NON MA NUFAC TURIN G -----------------------------------------

F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

MESSENGERS -------------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING -----------------------------------------

F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

SU IT C H B O A R D OP E RATOR S ------------------------------------NONMA NUFAC TUR ING ------------------------------------------

R E T A I L TRADE -----------------------------------------------

S U IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T I O N I S T S -M A NUFACTUR ING --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING -----------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------U H O L E S A L E TRADE ---------------------------------------R E T A I L TRAOE -----------------------------------------------F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

Averaae(mean2)

Numberof

workersWeeklyhours1

[standard)


544 3 8 . 5$1 7 3 . 0 0

73 4 0 . 0 1 7 2 . 5 0

31 4 0 . 0 1 7 1 . 0 0

162 3 9 . 5 1 9 5 . 0 0150 3 9 . 5 1 9 6 . 5 0

116 3 9 . 5 1 5 2 . 5 032 4 0 . 0 1 6 3 . 0 084 3 9 . 0 1 4 8 . 5 0

483 3 9 . 0 1 3 5 . 0 0134 4 0 . 0 1 3 6 . 0 0349 3 9 . 0 1 3 4 . 5 0

73 3 9 . 0 1 6 5 . 5 0187 3 8 . 5 1 2 1 . 0 0

73 3 8 . 5 1 7 0 . 0 072 3 8 . 5 1 7 0 . 5 0

410 3 9 . 5 1 2 9 . 0 0133 4 0 . 0 1 3 6 . 0 0277 3 9 . 0 1 2 5 . 5 0181 3 8 . 5 1 2 0 . 0 0

472 3 9 . 0 1 2 1 . 5 035 4 0 . 0 1 4 0 . 5 0

4 37 3 9 . 0 1 2 0 . 0 034 3 8 . 5 1 6 4 . 5 0

3 25 3 9 . 0 1 1 4 . 0 0

26 3 9 . 5 1 5 8 . 0 0

121 3 9 . 0 1 3 5 . 0 0116 3 8 . 5 1 3 4 . 0 3

31 3 8 . 5 1 6 3 . 0 065 3 8 . 5 1 2 4 . 5 0

3 25 3 9 . 5 1 1 3 . 5 0302 3 9 . 5 1 1 2 . 0 0254 3 9 . 0 1 1 0 . 5 0

49 3 9 . 0 1 3 8 . 0 048 3 9 . 0 1 3 7 . 5 028 3 9 . 0 1 2 7 . 0 0

120 4 0 . 0 1 3 9 . 5 0104 4 0 . 0 1 3 6 . 5 0

29 3 9 . 0 1 1 7 . 5 0

212 3 9 . 5 1 5 4 . 0 059 4 0 . 0 1 6 3 . 0 0

153 3 9 . 5 1 5 0 . 5 029 4 0 . 0 1 7 6 . 0 030 4 0 . 0 1 6 6 . 5 038 4 0 . 0 1 4 0 . 5 035 3 8 . 0 1 3 8 . 0 0

Average(mean1)

S e x , 1 o c c u p a t io n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

O F F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S - UOMEN— C O N T I N U E D

ORDER C LER K S -------------------------------------------------------M A NUFACTUR ING -------------------------------------------

ORDER C L E R K S . C L A S S B -----------------------M A NUFACTUR ING -------------------------------------------

A C CO U NTIN G C L E R K S -----------------------------------------MA NU FA C TU R IN G -------------------------------------------N O NH A NUF ACTU RI NG -----------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------------------U H O L E S A L E TRADE --------------------------------R E T A I L TR AD E ----------------------------------------F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------

A C CO U NTIN G C L E R K S . C L A S S A ---------MA NU FA C TU R IN G -------------------------------------------NON MA NUFAC TUR ING -----------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------------------U H O L E S A L E TRADE --------------------------------F I N A N C E ------------------------------------------------------

AC CO U NTIN G C L E R K S . C L A S S B --------MA NU FA C TU R IN G -------------------------------------------NONMA NUFAC TURIN G -----------------------------------

U H O L E S A L E TRADE --------------------------------R E T A I L TRADE ----------------------------------------F I N A N C E ------------------------------------------------------

B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E O P E R ATO R S — NO NM AN UFACTUR IN G ----------------------------------

B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R S . CLAS S A ------------------------------------------------------------

B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R S .CLAS S B -----------------------------------------------------------NON MA NUFAC TUR ING ---------------------------------

MACHINE B I L L E R S ---------------------------------------------NON MA NUFAC TUR ING ---------------------------------

B I L L I N G - M A C H I N E B I L L E R S ----------------NONMA NUFACTURI NG ---------------------------------

PAYRO LL C L E R K S ------------------------------------------------MA NU FA C TU R IN G ------------------------------------------NON MA NUFAC TUR ING ---------------------------------

R E T A I L TRADE ---------------------------------------

KEY E N TR Y OP E RATO RS ---------------------------------MA NU FA C TU R IN G ------------------------------------------NONM ANUFACTU RI NG ---------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ----------------------------U H O L E S A L E TRADE ------------------------------F I N A N C E -----------------------------------------------------

Numberof

workersWeeklyhours1

(standard)


142 4 0 . 0$1 5 8 . 0 0

35 3 9 . 5 1 5 3 . 5 0

136 4 0 . 0 1 5 7 . 0 029 4 0 . 0 1 4 7 . 5 0

1 . 0 9 1 3 9 . 0 1 5 8 . 5 0177 4 0 . 0 1 7 8 . 0 0914 3 9 . 0 1 5 5 . 0 0246 3 8 . 5 1 8 7 . 5 0175 4 0 . 0 1 5 2 . 5 0199 3 9 . 5 1 3 6 . 0 0236 3 8 . 0 1 3 9 . 5 0

242 3 9 . 0 1 9 1 . 5 050 4 0 . 0 2 1 6 . 5 0

192 3 9 . 0 1 8 5 . 0 052 3 9 . 0 2 2 8 . 5 031 4 0 . 0 1 8 4 . 0 073 3 8 . 0 1 6 8 . 5 0

849 3 9 . 0 1 4 9 . 0 0127 4 0 . 0 1 6 2 . 5 07 22 3 9 . 0 1 4 7 . 0 0144 4 0 . 0 1 4 5 . 5 0177 3 9 . 5 1 3 3 . 0 0163 3 8 . 0 1 2 6 . 5 0

82 4 0 . 0 1 5 9 . 0 069 4 0 . 0 1 5 4 . 5 0

52

Oo*3" 1 7 2 . 0 0

30 4 0 . 0 1 3 7 . 0 027 4 0 . 0 1 3 7 . 0 0

65 4 0 . 0 1 4 6 . 5 053 4 0 . 0 1 4 5 . 5 0

64 4 0 . 0 1 4 6 . 0 052 4 0 . 0 1 4 5 . 5 0

179 3 9 . 5 1 7 8 . 5 082 4 0 . 0 1 8 3 . 5 097 3 9 . 5 1 7 4 . 0 042 4 0 . 0 1 7 2 . 0 0

655 3 9 . 5 1 5 2 . 5 0112 4 0 . 0 1 8 2 . 5 0543 3 9 . 5 1 4 6 . 5 0107 3 9 . 0 1 6 4 . 5 0

83 4 0 . 0 1 5 0 . 5 0124 3 8 . 5 1 3 1 . 5 0

S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le s .


Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex,in Birmingham, March 1978— Continued

Sex , 3 o c c u p a t i o n , a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o nNumber

ofw olken

O F F I C E O C C U P A T I O N S - UO NE N— C O N T I NU E O

KEY E NT RY O P E RAT O RS - C O N T I N U E D

KEY E NT RY O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S A ----------MA NU F A C T U R I NG --------------------------------------------------N ONHA NU F A C T U RI NG ------------------------------------------

F I N A N C E --------------------------------------------------------------

KEY E NT RY O P E R A T O R S . C L A S S B ----------MA NU F A C T U RI NG --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------WHOL ESAL E TRADE ---------------------------------------F I N A N C E --------------------------------------------------------------

17727

15028

47885

393977196

P R O F E S S I O N A L ANO T E C H N I C A L O C C U P A T I O N S - MEN

COMPUT E R S Y S T E MS A N A L Y S T S( B U S I N E S S ) -------------------------------------

NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------6760

COMPUT ER S Y S T E MS A N A L Y S T S( B U S I N E S S ) . C L AS S B ------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------

2925

COMPUT E R PROGRAMMERSMA NU F A C T U R I NG --------NONMANUFACT URI NG

R E T A I L T RADE —

( B U S I N E S S ) -------- 19728

11933

Average (me an' )

Week hr hour*

(ftandard)

Weeklyearnings*(standard)

3 9 . 5$1 6 3 . 0 0

4 0 . 0 1 8 7 . 0 03 9 . 5 1 5 9 . 0 03 8 . 5 1 4 7 . 5 0

3 9 . 5 1 4 9 . 0 04 0 . 0 1 8 1 . 5 03 9 . 5 1 4 1 . 5 03 9 . 0 1 5 9 . 0 04 0 . 0 1 4 6 . 0 0

. 3 8 . 5 1 2 7 . 0 0

3 9 . 5 3 6 0 . 0 03 9 . 5 3 6 1 . 5 0

4 0 . 0 3 3 8 . 0 04 0 . 0 3 4 2 . 0 0

3 9 . 5 2 8 2 . 5 04 0 . 0 3 1 3 . 0 03 9 . 5 2 7 5 . 5 04 0 . 0 2 6 7 . 5 0

Se x , o c c u p a t i o n , and i n d u s t r y d iv i s i o n

P R O F E S S I O N A L AND T E C H N I C A L O C C U P A T I O N S - MEN— C O N T I N U E D

C O N T I N U E D

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S )C L ASS B -------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------

COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S )C L ASS C -------------------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------

COMPUTER OPE RAT ORS ---------------------------------------MANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------------F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------

COMPUTER O P E R AT O R S . CL AS S A -------

COMPUTER O P E R A T O R S . C L ASS B -------NONHANUFACT URI NG -----------------------------------

COMPUTER O P E RAT O RS. CL AS S C -------

D R A F T E R S ------------------------------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG -------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -----------------------------------

D R A F T E R S . CL AS S A -----------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG -------------------------------------------

Numberof

workers

Average(mean2)

Sex, 3 o c c upat i on , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Average(mean2)

Weeklyhours*

(standard)


Numberof

workersWeeklyhours1

(standard)


P R O F E S S I O N A L AND T E C H N I C A LO C C U P A T I O N S - MEN— C O N T I N U E D

D R A F T E R S - C O N T I N U E D

D RA F T E RS* C L AS S B ------------------------------------------ 196 4 0 . 0 I 3 7 . 0 0$ MANUF ACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------- 58 4 0 . 0 2 2 8 . 5 0

71 3 9 . 5 2 9 3 . 5 057 3 9 . 5 2 9 2 . 5 0 D R A F T E R S . CL AS S C ----------------------------------------- 119 4 0 . 0 1 7 9 . 0 0

MANUF ACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------- 45 4 0 . 0 2 0 4 . 0 0NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------------------- 74 4 0 . 0 1 6 3 . 5 0

41 3 9 . 5 2 3 0 . 5 034 3 9 . 0 2 1 6 . 5 0 E L E C T R O N I C S T E C H N I C I A N S ------------------------------ 234 4 0 . 0 3 0 2 . 5 0

NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------------ 221 4 0 . 0 2 9 9 . 0 0196 3 9 . 0 1 8 9 . 5 0 P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------ 202 4 0 . 0 3 0 6 . 5 0

29 4 0 . 0 2 0 7 . 5 0167 3 8 . 5 1 8 6 . 5 0

28 4 0 . 0 1 9 4 . 5 0 P R O F E S S I O N A L AND T E C H N I C A L58 3 8 . 0 1 6 0 . 5 0 O C C U P A T I O N S - WOMEN

28 3 9 . 0 2 1 8 . 5 0 COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS ( B U S I N E S S ) .CLASS C ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 28 3 9 . 5 2 2 5 . 5 0

129 3 9 . 0 1 9 7 . 5 0114 3 9 . 0 1 9 7 . 0 0 c o m p u t e r o p e r a t o r s :

MANUF ACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------- 37 4 0 . 0 1 8 0 . 5 039 3 8 . 5 1 4 1 . 5 0

COMPUTER O P E R AT O R S. CL AS S C ------------- 39 4 0 . 0 1 7 6 . 5 0547 4 0 . 0 2 6 1 . 0 0179 4 0 . 0 2 5 3 . 0 0 D R A F T E R S ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 81 3 9 . 0 2 0 7 . 0 0368 4 0 . 0 2 6 5 . 0 0 NONMANUFACT URI NG ----------------------------------------- 71 3 9 . 0 2 1 1 . 5 0

227 4 0 . 0 3 2 7 . 0 0 R E G I S T E R E D I N D U S T R I A L NURSES ---------------- 40 4 0 . 0 2 4 0 . 0 073 4 0 . 0 3 0 8 . 5 0 MANUF ACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------- 34 4 0 . 0 2 3 6 . 5 0

See footnotes at end of tables


Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978

Occupation and industry division

a l l w o r k e r s

MAI NT E NANCE CA RP E NT E RS ----------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ---------------------------------------------

MAI NT E NANCE E L E C T R I C I A N S -----------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ---------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------

MAI NT E NANCE P A I N T E R S ----------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ---------------------------------------------

MAI NT E NANCE M A C H I N I S T S ----------------------------MANUFACT URI NG ---------------------------------------------

MAI NT E NANCE MECHANI CS ( M A C H I N E R Y ) MANUF ACT URI NG ---------------------------------------------

MAI NT E NANCE MECHANI CS( MOTOR V E H I C L E S ) ------------------------------------------

MANUF ACT URI NG ---------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -------------------------------WHOLESALE TRADE ----------------------------------

MI L L WR I G H T S -----------------------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------

MAI NT ENANCE T R A O E S H E L P E R S ----------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------

M A C H I N E - T O O L OPERAT ORS ( T O O L R O O M) MANUF ACT URI NG ------------------------ 7 ----------------

TOOL AND D I E MAKERS ------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------------

S T A T I O N A R Y E N G I N E E R S ---------------------------------

Hourly earnings 4 N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y ear n i n g s of-----

Numberof

s s S s s $ $ * * $ $ % * s % s s S ~i----------~i----------~i------------ s— s3 . 2 0 3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0 4 . 4 0 4 . 6 0 4 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 6 0 6 . 0 0 6 . 4 0 6 . 8 0 7 . 2 0 7 . 6 0 8 . 0 0 8 . 40 8 . 8 0 9 . 2 0 9 . 6 0 1 0 . 0 0

workers Mean 2 Median2 Middle range 2 andandu n d e r

3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0 4 . 4 0 4 . 6 0 4 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 6 0 6 . 0 0 6 . 4 0 6 . 8 0 7 . 2 0 7 . 6 0 8 . 0 0 8 . 4 0 8 . 80 9 . 2 0 9 . 6 0 1 0 . 0 0 o v e r

$ $ $ $74 6 . 7 1 6 . 8 8 6 . 1 9 - 7 . 4 7 - - - 6 - - - - 1 10 12 5 15 7 14 - 3 1 - -72 6 . 6 8 6 . 8 8 6 . 1 3 - 7 . 4 7 - 6 - “ 1 10 12 5 15 6 13 - 3 1 - -

556 7 . 2 7 7 . 3 6 6 . 5 4 - 7 . 9 5 - - - - - 6 - - - - 22 3 82 40 73 i l l 122 63 3 14 16 1 -502 7 . 2 4 7 . 3 3 6 . 4 3 - 7 . 9 3 - - 6 - - - 12 3 82 39 73 111 85 62 1 12 16 -

54 7 . 5 0 7 . 9 2 7 . 6 4 - 7 . 9 5 10 - 1 - - 37 1 2 2 1 -

38 6 . 0 9 6 . 6 6 5 . 7 6 - 7 . 0 4 4 - - - 4 - - - 1 - - 3 6 5 6 6 2 _ 1 - - -27 5 . 9 9 6 . 6 6 4 . 0 8 - 7 . 0 4 4 4 “ “ 4 4 5 3 2 - 1

351 7 . 1 6 7 . 4 6 6 . 3 5 - 8 . 0 6 - - - - - 3 - 3 - 36 2 3 4 1 31 29 59 56 72 _ - 16 -345 7 . 1 5 7 . 4 6 6 . 3 0 - 8 . 1 6 - 3 3 36 2 3 4 1 31 29 59 50 72 - “ 16

869 7 . 2 0 7 . 4 6 6 . 4 3 - 7 . 9 5 - - - - - - - - 12 3 34 22 133 82 89 142 214 105 _ 33 - -791 7 . 1 4 7 . 3 1 6 . 3 4 - 7 . 9 3 ~ ” ~ “ “ 12 3 30 22 133 82 89 142 140 105 ” 33 _ “ ”

4 29 6 . 3 9 6 . 2 3 4 . 9 3 - 7 . 7 4 _ _ _ _ 2 9 15 21 63 32 28 14 32 33 23 26 72 5 52 2 _ _

147 6 . 6 4 6 . 7 3 5 . 7 9 - 7 . 6 8 - - - - - - 12 2 “ - 18 8 14 21 7 26 37 ~ - 2 -282 6 . 2 6 5 . 6 5 4 . 8 5 - 7 . 8 1 - - - - 2 9 3 1 9 63 32 10 6 18 12 16 35 5 52 - -223 6 . 4 9 6 . 4 5 4 . 8 5 - 7 . 8 1 - - - - 8 - 4 6° 24 4 - 8 12 15 - 35 1 52 - -

35 5 . 2 6 4 . 6 5 4 . 6 5 - 5 . 0 2 “ " 3 15 3 8 - i - 1 - - 4 - - - -

232 6 . 8 5 7 . 2 4 5 . 8 8 - 7 . 4 6 56 3 2 28 - 98 18 27 - - - -232 6 . 8 5 7 . 2 4 5 . 8 8 - 7 . 4 6 56 3 2 28 - 98 18 27 - - - -

321 5 . 7 5 5 . 9 3 4 . 9 6 - 6 . 7 6 - 1 3 1 25 32 6 - 16 20 36 28 12 94 33 13 i - _ - - -270 5 . 9 4 6 . 4 3 5 . 0 9 - 6 . 7 6 3 13 24 6 - 15 18 10 28 12 94 33 13 1 - - - - -

65 6 . 4 6 6 . 1 5 6 . 1 5 - 6 . 6 8 9 3 28 i i 4 4 3 1 _ - - 265 6 . 4 6 6 . 1 5 6 . 1 5 - 6 . 6 8 9 3 28 11 4 4 3 1 - - - 2

109 7 . 2 2 7 . 3 5 6 . 6 1 - 7 . 4 1 2 12 22 8 50 2 1 - 12 - -1U0 7 . 2 4 7 . 3 5 6 . 6 1 - 7 . 4 1 1 1 22 8 46 1 - - 12 - -

69 7 . 2 7 7 . 3 4 7 . 2 0 - 7 . 4 9 ~ “ ~ ~ “ “ 1 1 ” ” 2 6 3 41 13 2 ~

See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .


Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978

O c c u p a t i o n a nd i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n

Hourly comings 4 N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s o f—

Number s t i i i i ■J-----------1 ----------- I 1 -----------T 1 --------- $ * $ s * S 1 ---------- f —2 . 6 0 2 . 8 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0 4 . 4 0 4 . 6 0 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 6 0 6 . 0 0 6 . 4 0 6 . 8 0 7 . 20 7 . 6 0 8 . 0 0 8 . 4 0 8 . 8 0

workers Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2 andu n d e r - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - and

2 . 8 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 4 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 4 . 0 0 4 . 2 0 4 . 4 0 4 . 6 0 4 . 8 0 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 6 0 6 . 0 0 . 4 0 6 . 8 0 7 . 2 0 7 . 60

o=*00OoCO 8 . 8 0 o v e r

2 . 4 0 3$4 . 9 6

$3 . 9 0

$ $ 3 . 6 3 - 6 . 8 2 82 190 74 82 44 707 32 155 25 110 26 61 58 106 22 2 16 75 49 29 12 446

454 4 . 9 6 4 . 5 9 4 . 1 5 - 5 . 6 7 - - 20 6 13 12 6 138 - 35 14 35 1 1 46 22 - 15 74 3 4 ~ - -1 . 9 4 9 4 . 9 6 3 . 7 5 3 . 6 0 - 7 . 4 9 82 190 54 76 31 6 95 26 17 25 75 1 2 26 47 60 - 2 1 1 46 25 12 446 -1 . 1 1 3 5 . 70 3 . 7 5 3 . 7 5 - 8 . 5 1 - - 16 624 - - - 4 - - 2 1 1 6 4 10 445 -

608 4 . 0 2 3 . 6 3 2 . 8 0 - 4 . 4 5 163 28 75 29 71 15 9 24 70 12 20 11 17 - - - 40 21 2 i -170 3 . 3 7 2 . 8 0 2 . 6 5 - 3 . 9 8 81 22 10 1 2 - 11 7 1 2 “ 32 1 - - - - - “ “ “

214 4 . 1 9 4 . 3 4 3 . 4 9 - 4 . 4 5 20 12 10 9 13 3 9 7 24 81 - - - 5 _ _ 9 12 _ - - - _168 3 . 8 7 4 . 28 3 . 1 7 - 4 . 4 5 20 12 10 9 3 3 9 7 24 71 - - - - - - - - - - - - -134 4 . 1 1 4 . 4 0 3 . 9 0 - 4 . 4 5 3 10 9 3 3 6 6 24 70 “ ~ - - - - “ “

785 4 . 7 9 3 . 7 0 2 . 8 0 - 6 . 1 9 62 178 47 13 28 80 23 9 i 17 12 9 20 77 12 2 5 3 15 8 10 154 -127 4 . 8 0 5 . 0 1 3 . 7 0 - 5 . 5 3 - - 20 6 - 12 6 2 - 13 3 5 34 12 - 4 3 3 4 - - -6 58 4 . 7 9 3 . 7 0 2 . 8 0 - 7 . 9 1 62 178 27 7 28 68 17 7 1 4 12 6 15 43 - 2 i - 12 4 10 154 -318 3 . 3 4 2 . 8 0 2 . 8 0 - 3 . 7 0 160 18 6 26 68 9 3 “ “ 12 ” 1 0 ~ ” " ” 6 “ ~ “ ~

552 4 . 7 4 3 . 7 5 3 . 6 0 - 5 . 1 1 _ _ 17 60 _ 2 40 _ 3 _ _ 14 52 38 24 1 _ _ 1 30 21 2 49 _

60 4 . 9 2 4 . 8 6 4 . 8 0 - 4 . 8 6 14 32 6 7 1 - - - - - - -492 4 . 7 2 3 . 7 5 3 . 6 0 - 5 . 1 1 - - 17 60 - 240 3 - - - 20 32 17 - - - 1 30 21 2 49 -305 4 . 4 1 3 . 7 5 3 . 6 0 - 3 . 7 5 - - 16 - 240 1 - - - 48 -152 5 . 2 8 4 . 8 9 3 . 3 0 - 7 . 4 9 60 20 1 17 30 21 2 i

172 4 . 4 0 4 . 15 •P 0

c 1 ■p - - - - 3 - - 136 - 12 - - - - 9 - - 12 - - - - -

77 4 . 9 5 4 . 3 0 3 . 0 0 - 6 . 7 7 - 10 10 - 6 - - 8 6 3 - 1 _ 8 1 1 5 7 - 9 1 - i39 6 . 0 6 6 . 7 7 4 . 1 1 - 7 . 6 3 - - 6 - - 7 - - 1 - 1 1 5 7 - 9 1 - 138 3 . 8 1 3 . 0 0 2 . 9 3 - 4 . 5 9 10 10 ~ * 1 6 3 8 ~ “ “ ~ ~ “

135 4 . 7 2 4 . 7 5 3 . 6 3 - 5 . 7 9 - 1 6 13 13 7 1 13 6 5 11 11 1 7 24 1 7 2 5 i - - -54 5 . 6 0 5 . 7 9 4 . 7 9 - 6 . 0 6 - - 1 3 2 ~ - - 9 2 1 1 21 1 7 ~ 5 i - - -81 4 . 1 3 4 . 0 3 3 . 4 4 - 4 . 7 0 - 1 6 12 10 5 1 13 6 5 2 9 - 6 3 - - 2 - - - - -34 3 . 8 6 3 . 7 5 3 . 4 4 - 4 . 0 3 - - - 6 9 3 10 3 - 1 - - - 2 - - - - -47 4 . 3 3 4 . 4 6 3 . 3 0 - 4 . 8 4 “ 1 6 6 1 2 1 3 3 5 1 9 6 1 ” “ 2 ~ “

46 6 . 4 2 6 . 8 2 4 . 9 6 - 7 . 5 4 - - - - - - 1 - - 10 - 3 - 1 6 1 - 5 9 3 - 7 -41 6 . 4 1 6 . 8 2 4 . 9 6 - 7 . 5 2 - - - - - - - - 10 " 3 - 6 1 5 9 7 ~

239 4 . 3 8 4 . 4 8 2 . 8 0 - 4 . 7 9 53 18 9 19 9 5 2 - 3 45 19 1 - 3 - - - 46 1 - 6 - ~35 5 . 1 0 4 . 7 9 4 . 7 9 - 5 . 0 1 - - - 6 - - - - 1 1 18 - - 3 - - - - - - 6 - -

204 4 . 2 6 3 . 50 2 . 7 5 - 4 . 5 1 53 18 9 13 9 5 2 - 2 44 1 1 - - - - - 46 1 - -113 4 . 2 6 4 . 4 8 2 . 7 0 - 4 . 5 1 44 • “ - 3 ~ ~ ~ 44 “ - - * - 22 - - - -

819 3 . 7 9 3 . 7 0 3 . 0 0 - 4 . 6 4 - 195 64 102 29 56 17 8 19 67 247 2 - 10 _ - 2 - _ 1 - - -

36 3 . 9 2 3 . 3 0 2 . 9 3 - 4 . 2 5 - 12 i 7 “ ~ - 10 - - ~ 3 - - 2 - 1 - -783 3 . 7 8 3 . 7 0 3 . 0 0 - 4 . 6 4 - 183 63 95 29 56 17 8 9 67 247 2 - 7 - - - - - - - - -722 3 . 7 0 3 . 55 2 . 9 4 - 4 . 6 4 183 63 95 29 51 17 8 9 62 201 2 “ 2 - - - - - - - - -

185 4 . 4 2 4 . 3 0 3 . 3 6 - 5 . 1 3 7 9 3 29 4 17 6 5 14 27 3 10 8 28 _ 3 2 _ - 2 - 4 460 5 . 6 0 5 . 2 5 4 . 4 6 - 5 . 5 9 - - - - * 6 13 - 8 18 - 3 2 - - 2 - 4 4

125 3 . 8 5 3 . 7 0 3 . 2 2 - 4 . 5 0 7 9 3 29 4 17 6 5 8 14 3 10 10 - - - - - - - - -81 3 . 5 3 3 . 2 9 3 . 2 0 - 3 . 8 5 3 9 3 29 4 12 6 3 9 3

A L L WORKERS

T R U C K D R I V E R S ------------------------M A NU F A C T U R I NG -------------NONMANUFACT URI NG —

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S WHOL E S AL E TRADE - R E T A I L T RADE ----------

T R U C K D R I V E R S t L I G H T TRUCKN ONMANUFACT URI NG ---------------------

WHOL E SAL E TRADE ------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S t MEDI UM T RUCKMA NU F A C T U R I NG ---------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------

WHOL E SAL E TRADE ---------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S . HEAVY TRUCK( T R A I L E R ) -----------------------------------------MA NU F A C T U R I NG ------------------------------N ONMANUFACT URI NG ---------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ---------------WHOL E SAL E T RADE ------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S t HEAVY TRUCK ( O T H E R T HA N T R A I L E R ) : M A NU F A C T U R I NG ------------------------------------

S H I P P I N G C L E R K S ---------------------------------------M A NU F A C T U R I NG ------------------------------------N ONMA NUFA C T URI NG ---------------------------

R E C E I V I N G C L E R K S ------------------------------------M A NU F A C T U R I NG ------------------------------------N ONMANUFACT URI NG ---------------------------

WHOL E SAL E TRADE ------------------------R E T A I L T RA DE ---------------------------------

S H I P P I N G AND R E C E I V I N G C L E R K S M A NU F A C T U R I NG ------------------------------------

WAREHOUSEMEN -----------------------------------------------M A NU F A C T U R I NG ------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ---------------------------

WHOL ESAL E TRAOE ------------------------

ORDER F I L L E R S --------------------------------------------M A NU F A C T U R I NG -----------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ---------------------------

WHOL ESAL E TRAOE ------------------------

S H I P P I N G PA C KE RS -----------------------------------MA NU F A C T U RI NG -----------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ---------------------------

WHOLESALE TRAOE ------------------------

S e e fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le s .


Table A-5. Hourly earnings of material movement and custodial workers in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978— ContinuedHourly earnings N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f—

Occupation and industry division

ALL WORKERS—C O N T IN U E D

M A T E R IA L HA ND LIN G LAB OR ER S ----------------------M ANU FACTUR ING --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING ------------------------------------------

WH OLESALE TRADE ---------------------------------------R E T A I L TRADE -----------------------------------------------

F O R K L I F T OP ER ATO RS --------------------------------------------M ANU FACTUR ING --------------------------------------------------NONMANUFAC TUR ING ------------------------------------------

WHOLE SALE TRADE ---------------------------------------

GUARDS AND WATCHMEN ------------------------------------------M A NUF ACTUR ING --------------------------------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g :

F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

g u a r d s :m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------------

J A N I T O R S * p o r t e r s , a n d c l e a n e r s -------M ANU FACTU RING --------------------------------------------------NONMAN UFACTURING -----------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------WH OLESALE TRADE ---------------------------------------R E T A I L TRADE -----------------------------------------------F I N A N C E -------------------------------------------------------------

s s s s $ % S S $ $ $ S $ % $ S s $ %Number

2 . 6 0 2 . 8 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 9 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 9 . 0 0 9 . 2 0 9 . 9 0 9 . 6 0 9 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 6 0 . 0 0

o00>0o

7 . 20 7 . 6 0 8 . 0 0

oCO 8 . 8 0

workers Mean2 Median2 Middle range 2 and andu n d e r

2 . 8 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 2 0 3 . 9 0 3 . 6 0 3 . 8 0 9 . 0 0 9 . 2 0 4 . 4 0 9 . 6 0 9 . 8 0 5 . 0 0 5 . 2 0 5 . 6 0 6 . 0 0 . 9 0 6 . 8 0 7 . 2 0 7 . 6 0 8 . 0 0 8 . 9 0 8 . 8 0 o v e r

$ $ $ $1 . 0 7 6 3 . 7 6 3 . 3 2 2 . 8 8 - 4 . 4 6 58 278 69 189 LOO 28 63 9 18 39 96 19 13 2 16 22 39 22 9 1 ” i

401 9 . 9 1 3 . 8 7 3 . 2 5 - 5 . 8 6 - 36 33 87 20 11 92 - 15 18 2 19 12 1 15 22 38 22 6 1 1675 3 . 3 7 3 . 22 2 . 8 0 - 3 - 4 9 58 292 36 97 80 17 2 l 4 3 16 94 - 1 1 1 1 - 3 “*•55 3 . 4 0 3 . 1 2 2 . 8 0 - 3 . 6 0 15 198 15 95 16 6 6 - 3 16 81 - - - 1 - - 3 -129 3 . 0 9 2 . 9 0 2 . 7 0 - 3 . 0 6 93 44 21 2 1 9 i “ ~ 13 “ “ - - - - "

981 9 . 6 3 9 . 6 9 3 . 9 5 - 5 . 2 5 - 50 151 19 66 92 19 18 36 68 121 101 5 84 7 l 3 26 28 11 62 - - -7 30 4 . 8 1 9 . 5 9 3 . 9 5 - 5 . 7 8 - 136 19 66 13 19 18 36 65 93 25 5 84 7 1 3 26 28 11 62 -251 9 . 1 2 4 . 6 4 3 . 1 8 - 9 . 8 0 - 50 15 - 29 - - 3 78 76181 4 . 0 9 4 . 6 4 3 . 6 0 - 4 - 6 4 - 40 - - 29 - 3 78 31

955 3 . 0 5 2 . 6 5 2 . 6 5 - 2 . 6 5 728 31 16 18 20 11 7 3 4 9 15 28 4 29 29 13 - - - - - - -116 9 . 7 5 9 . 9 3 3 . 3 5 - 5 . 8 3 20 10 6 2 4 27 10 29 13 - - - ” ”

99 9 . 1 3 3 . 7 2 3 . 3 9 - 5 . 2 0 - 3 4 7 8 3 1 2 1 2 - 1 4 13 - - - - - - - - -

81 5 . 3 0 5 . 27 9 . 9 8 - 5 . 8 3 - - - - - 6 - - - 2 4 27 - 10 24 8 - - - - - - -

2 . 1 6 6 3 . 03 2 . 6 5 2 . 6 5 - 2 . 8 5 1515 180 64 52 78 20 18 21 45 25 19 18 12 22 32 15 13 7 7 3 - - -244 9 . 5 2 4 . 3 4 3 . 9 6 - 5 . 7 9 11 15 21 4 20 2 9 17 42 1 12 8 10 6 32 13 13 7 1 ~ -

1 . 9 22 2 . 8 9 2 . 6 5 2 . 6 5 - 2 . 7 5 1509 165 93 98 58 18 9 4 3 29 7 10 2 16 2 - 6 3 - -99 9 . 2 2 3 . 5 7 2 . 9 2 - 5 . 3 7 16 10 2 8 16 3 2 - - 1 4 9 1 16 - 2 - - 6 3 - -67 3 . 2 5 2 . 9 5 2 . 8 0 - 3 . 9 6 5 31 1 4 19 1 - 4 2 2 3

271 2 . 9 4 2 . 7 5 2 . 6 5 - 2 . 8 5 166 57 6 7 3 5 4 - - 21 1 1 - - - - - -192 3 . 0 3 2 . 8 9 2 . 7 5 - 3 . 2 7 93 37 20 16 16 9 1

See footnotes at end of tables.


Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers, by sex, in Birmingham, Ala., March 1978

S e x , 3 o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io nAverage (mean* ) hourly

earnings

S e x , 3 o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io nmberofrkers

Average ( mean2)

hourly earnings4

213 4 . 20167 3 . 8 7134 4 . 1 1

779 4 . 7 6127 4 . 8 0652 4 . 7 5318 3 . 3 4

552 4 . 7 460 4 . 9 2

492 4 . 7 2305 4 . 4 1152 5 . 2 8

172 4 . 4 0

72 4 . 9 835 6 . 2 637 3 . 7 7

129 4 . 7 853 5 . 6 276 4 . 2 034 3 . 8 642 4 . 4 8

46 6 . 4 241 6 . 4 1

228 4 . 3 332 4 . 8 2

196 4 . 2 5107 4 . 2 5

670 3 . 7 736 3 . 9 2

6 34 3 . 7 6573 3 . 6 6

S e x , 3 o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n (mean*) hourly

earnings4

M A I N T E N A N C E . TOOLROOMS p o w e r p l a n t O C C U P A T I O N S

a n d

- HEN

m a i n t e n a n c e c a r p e n t e r s --------------------------------MA NU F A C T U R I NG -------------------------------------------------

M A I N T E N A N C E E L E C T R I C I A N S ---------------------------M A NU F A C T U R I NG -------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

MA I N T E NA N C E P A I N T E R S --------------------------------------M A NU F A C T U R I NG --------------------------------------------------

M A I N T E N A N C E M A C H I N I S T S ---------------------------------M A NU F A C T U R I NG --------------------------------------------------

M A I N T E N A N C E ME C HA NI C S ( M A C H I N E R Y ) - MA NU F A C T U R I NG --------------------------------------------------

M A I N T E N A N C E MECHANI CS( MOTOR V E H I C L E S ) -----------------------------------------------

M A NU F A C T U R I NG -------------------------------------------------N ONMANUFACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ------------------------------------WHOL E S AL E TRAOE ---------------------------------------

M I L L W R I G H T S ----------------------------------------------------------------MA NU F A C T U R I NG --------------------------------------------------

MA I N T E NA N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R S ---------------------m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------------

M A C H I N E - T O O L OPERATORS ( T OO L ROO M) - MA NU F A C T U R I NG --------------------------------------------------

T OOL AND D I E MAKERS -----------------------------------------MA NU F A C T U R I NG -------------------------------------------------

S T A T I O N A R Y E N G I N E E R S --------------------------------------

M A T E R I A L MOVEMENT AND C U S T O D I A L O C C U P A T I O N S - HEN

T R U C K O R I V E R S -------------------------------------------------------------MA NU F A C T U R I NG -------------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -----------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------------------------WHOL E SAL E TRAOE --------------------------------------R E T A I L T RADE -----------------------------------------------

74$6 . 7 1

72 6.68556 7 . 2 7502 7 . 2 4

54 7 . 5 0

38 6 . 0 927 5 . 9 9

351 7 . 1 6345 7 . 1 5

869 7 . 2 0791 7 . 1 4

4 29 6 . 3 9147 6 . 6 4282 6 . 2 6223 6 . 4 9

35 5 . 2 6

2 32 6 . 8 52 32 6 . 8 5

321 5 . 7 5270 5 . 9 4

65 6 . 4 665 6 . 4 6

109 7 . 2 2100 7 . 2 4

69 7 . 2 7

, 396 4 . 9 54 54 4 . 9 6

. 9 4 2 4 . 9 5, 1 0 7 5 . 6 96 08 4 . 0 2170 3 . 3 7

M A T E R I A L MOVEMENT AND C U S T O D I A L O C C U P A T I O N S - MEN— C O N T I N U E D

T R U C K D R I V E R S - C O N T I N U E D

T R U C K O R I V E R S . L I G H T TRUCK ---------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S . MEDI UM TRUCK ------------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------------

T R U C K O R I V E R S . HEAVY TRUCK( T R A I L E R ) ---------------------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------------WHOLESALE TRAOE -----------------------------------

T R U C K D R I V E R S . HEAVY TRUCK ( o t h e r t h a n t r a i l e r ) : MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------

s h i p p i n g c l e r k s -------------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------

R E C E I V I N G CL ERKS ----------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONHANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRAOE -----------------------------------R E T A I L T RADE -------------------------------------------

S H I P P I N G AND R E C E I V I N G C L E R K S ---------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------

WAREHOUSEMEN ---------------------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------------

ORDER F I L L E R S ------------------------------------------------------MA NUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------------

M A T E R I A L MOVEMENT AND C U S T O D I A L O C C U P A T I O N S - MEN— C O N T I N U E D

S H I P P I N G PACKERS ----------------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG -----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------------

M A T E R I A L H A NDL I NG L A B ORE RS ------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------------R E T A I L T RADE --------------------------------------------

F O R K L I F T OPE RAT ORS -----------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE -----------------------------------

GUARDS AND WATCHMEN --------------------------------------MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------

g u a r d s :MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------

J A N I T O R S . P O R T E R S . AND C L E A NE R S —MANUF ACT URI NG ----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG --------------------------------------

P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S --------------------------------WHOLESALE TRAOE -----------------------------------R E T A I L TRAOE -------------------------------------------

MA T E R I A L MOVEMENT AND C U S T O D I A L O C C U P A T I O N S - WOMEN

ORDER F I L L E R S -----------------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------

WHOLESALE TRADE ---------------------------

J A N I T O R S . P O R T E R S . AND C L E A NE R SMANUF ACT URI NG --------------------------------------NONMANUFACT URI NG ------------------------------

R E T A I L T RADE ------------------------------------

8747

1 . 0 4 1401640455

94

974723251181

885115

80

. 337214

>1236157

221

4 . 6 35 . 7 8 3 . 9 5 3 . 3 8

3 . 7 9 4 . 4 13 . 4 03 . 4 0 3 . 1 4

4 . 6 14 . 7 84 . 1 24 . 0 9

3 . 0 74 . 7 6

5 . 3 2

3 . 18 4 . 6 8 2 . 8 9 4 . 6 5 3 . 2 9 2 . 9 8

149 3 . 8 8149 3 . 8 8149 3 . 8 8

796 2 . 7 730 3 . 4 2

766 2 . 7 450 2 . 7 5

See footnotes at end o f ta b le s .


Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings, adjusted for employment shifts,for selected occupational groups in Birmingham, Ala., for selected periods

In d u s try and o c c u p a t io n a l g ro u p 5M a r c h 1972

toM a r c h 1973

M a r c h 1973 to

M a r c h 1974

M a r c h 1974 to

M a r c h 1 975

M a r c h 1975 to

M a rc h 1976

M a r c h 1976 to

M a r c h 1977

M a r c h 1977 to

M a r c h 1978

A l l in d u s tr ie s :O ff ic e c l e r i c a l _______________________________ __ ___ 6.3 7.2 9 .6 9 .3 5 .8 7 .0E le c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s in g _____________________________ ( 6) ( 6) 8 .9 9 .6 7.2 8 .2In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s __________________________________________ 7 .8 5 .6 10.3 7 .4 8.1 5 .7S k ille d m a in te n a n ce t r a d e s , __________________________ 5.1 7 .7 14.1 8.1 6.3 5 .5U n sk ille d p lant w o r k e r s 7.0 6 .6 14.3 9.2 4 .8 10.4

M a n u fa ctu r in g :O ff ic e c l e r i c a l ____________________________________________ 5 .6 ( 6> ( 6) 10.1 7.1 7 .3E le c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s in g ________________ _________ ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6)In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s __________________________________________ 8.5 4 .9 10.6 7 .4 8.5 5 .9S k ille d m a in te n a n ce t r a d e s _____________________________ 5.0 7.5 14.8 8.2 6.1 5 .3U n sk ille d p lant w o r k e r s _________________________________ 6.8 7 .4 14.9 9.9 6.8 7 .8

N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g :O ff ic e c l e r i c a l ____ ___________ _______________ ____ 6 .6 7 .6 9 .3 9.0 5 .4 6 .9E le c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s in g _____________________________ t 6) n 8 .3 9 .9 7.3 8 .2In d u s tr ia l n u r s e s ___________________________________ ______ ( 6> ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6) ( 6)U n sk ille d p la n t w o r k e r s _________________________________ 6.8 5 .8 14.5 9.0 4 .0 11.5

See f o o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le s .

Footnotes1 S ta nda rd h o u r s r e f l e c t the w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e

s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f pa y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , and the e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d to t hese w e e k l y h o u r s .

2 T he m e a n is c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h j o b b y to ta l in g the e a r n i n g s o f a l l w o r k e r s and d iv id in g bythe n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . T h e m e d i a n d e s ig n a t e s p o s i t i o n ----h a l f o f the w o r k e r s r e c e i v e the s a m e o rm o r e and ha lf r e c e i v e the s a m e o r l e s s than, the ra te sh ow n . T he m i d d l e r a n g e is d e f in e d b y tw o ra t e s o f pay ; a fo u r t h o f the w o r k e r s e a r n the s a m e o r l e s s than the l o w e r o f t h e s e r a t e s and a four th e a r n the s a m e o r m o r e than the h i g h e r rate.

3 E a r n i n g s data r e l a t e on ly to w o r k e r s w h o s e s e x i d e n t i f i c a t i o n w a s p r o v i d e d by the e s t a b l i s h m e n t .

4 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m pay f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and la te sh i ft s .5 E s t i m a t e s for p e r i o d s ending p r i o r to 197 6 r e l a t e to m e n o n ly f o r s k i l l e d m a in t e n a n c e and

u n s k i l l e d plant w o r k e r s . A l l o th e r e s t i m a t e s r e l a t e to m e n and w o m e n .6 Data do not m e e t p u b l i ca t i o n c r i t e r i a o r data not a v a i l a b l e .


Appendix A.Scope and Method of Survey

In each o f the 75 1 a r e a s cu r r e n t ly su rv e y e d , the B u reau obtains w a g e s and re la te d b en e f i t s data f r o m rep re se n ta t iv e e s ta b l ish m e n ts within s ix b r o a d in du stry d iv is io n s : M an ufactu r ing ; t r an sp or ta t ion , c o m m u n ic a t io n ,and o th e r pu b l ic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o le s a le tr ad e ; r e ta i l trad e ; f in a n ce , in su ra n c e , and r e a l e sta te ; and s e r v i c e s . G overn m en t op erat ion s and the co n s t r u c t io n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u str ie s a r e exc lu d ed . E stab l ish m en ts having fe w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e a lso exc lu ded b e c a u s e o f in su f fic ien t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a t io n s s tudied . A pp en d ix table 1 show s the n u m ber o f e s ta b l i s h m e n ts and w o r k e r s es t im a ted to be within the s c o p e o f this s u r v e y , as w e l l as the n u m b e r a ctu a lly studied.

B u re a u f ie ld r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s obtain data by p e r s o n a l v is i t s at 3 - y e a r in te r v a ls . In each o f the two in terven ing y e a r s , in fo rm a tion on e m p lo y m e n t and o c c u p a t io n a l earn in gs on ly is c o l l e c t e d by a com bin a t ion o f p e r s o n a l v i s i t , m a i l q u e s t io n n a ir e , and te lep h on e in terv iew f r o m e s t a b l i s h m en ts p a r t ic ip a t in g in the p r e v io u s su rv ey .

A s a m p le o f the es ta b l ish m e n ts in the s co p e o f the s u r v e y is s e l e c t e d f o r study p r i o r to e a c h p e r so n a l v is it su rv ey . T h is s a m p le , l e s s e s ta b l is h m e n ts w h ich go out o f b u s in e s s o r a re no lon ger within the in du str ia l s c o p e o f the s u r v e y , is r e ta in ed f o r the f o l lo w in g two annual s u r v e y s . In m o s t c a s e s , e s ta b l is h m e n ts n ew to the a re a a re not c o n s i d e r e d in the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y until the s e l e c t i o n o f a sam p le f o r a p e r s o n a l v is it su rv e y .

The s a m p l in g p r o c e d u r e s in vo lve deta iled s tra t i f i ca t io n o f all e s ta b l is h m e n ts within the s c o p e o f an individual area s u rv e y by in du stry and n u m b e r o f e m p lo y e e s . F r o m this s tra t if ied u n iv e rse a p r o b a b i l i t y sa m p le is s e l e c t e d , with each e s ta b l ish m en t having a p r e d e te r m in e d ch a n ce o f s e le c t io n . T o obta in o p t im u m a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t io n o f l a r g e than s m a l l e s ta b l ish m en ts is s e le c t e d . When data a r e co m b in e d , e a c h e s ta b l i s h m e n t is w eighted a c c o r d in g to its p r o b a b i l i t y o f s e l e c t i o n s o that u n b ia se d e s t im a te s a re generated . F o r e x a m p le , i f one out o f fo u r e s t a b l is h m e n ts is s e le c t e d , it is g iven a weight o f 4 to r e p r e s e n t i t s e l f p lus t h r e e o t h e r s . An a lternate o f the sam e o r ig in a l p r o b a b i l i t y is c h o s e n in the s a m e in d u s t r y - s i z e c la s s i f i c a t io n if data a re not ava i la b le f r o m the o r ig i n a l s a m p le m e m b e r . If no suitable substitute is a v a i la b le , a d d it ion a l w e igh t is a s s ig n e d to a sa m p le m e m b e r that is s im i l a r to the m i s s in g unit.

1 Included in the 75 areas are 5 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Akron, Ohio; Birmingham, Ala.; Norfolk—Virginia Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va.—N .C .; Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N .Y .; and Utica—Rome, N .Y. In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies in approximately 100 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department of Labor.

O ccu p a t io n s and earn ings

O ccu p a t ion s se le c t e d f o r study a re c o m m o n to a var ie ty o f m a n u fa c turing and n onm an ufacturin g in d u str ie s , and a re o f the fo l low in g ty pes : (1)O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o fe s s i o n a l and te c h n ica l ; (3) m a in ten an ce , t o o l r o o m , and p ow erp lan t ; and (4) m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t and cu stod ia l . O ccupational c la s s i f i c a t io n is b a se d on a u n i fo r m set o f j o b d e s c r ip t i o n s designed to take accou n t o f inter estab l ish m en t va r ia t ion in duties within the sa m e job . O ccu p a t ion s s e le c t e d f o r study a re l is ted and d e s c r i b e d in appendix B.

U nless o th e r w is e in d ica ted , the ea rn in gs data fo l low ing the job t i t le s a re fo r all in du str ies c o m b in e d . E arn in gs data f o r s o m e of the o c cu p a t io n s l i s te d and d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e industry d iv is ion s within the s c o p e o f the su r v e y , a re not p r e se n te d in the A - s e r i e s tables b eca u se e ith er (1) e m p loy m en t in the o c cu p a t ion is too s m a l l to p r o v id e enough data to m e r i t p r e se n ta t io n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s ib i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f individual esta b l ish m en t data. Separate m e n 's and w o m e n 's earn ings data are not p r e se n te d when the n u m be r o f w o r k e r s not iden ti f ied by se x is 20 percen t o r m o r e o f the m en o r w om en identi f ied in an o c cu p a t ion . Earnings data not shown s e p a ra te ly f o r in du stry d iv is io n s a r e included in data for all in d u str ies co m b in e d . 'L i k e w i s e , f o r o ccu p a t io n s with m o r e than one le v e l , data a re included in the o v e r a l l c la s s i f i c a t i o n when a su b c la ss i f i ca t io n is not shown o r in fo rm a tion to s u b c la s s i f y is not a va ilab le .

O ccu p a t ion a l em p loym en t and earn ings data a re shown fo r fu l l - t im e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o s e h ire d to w o r k a re g u la r w e e k ly sched ule . Earnings data e x c lu d e p r e m iu m pay f o r o v e r t im e and fo r w o r k on w eek en d s , h o lidays , and late sh ifts . N on prod uct ion b o n u se s a r e e x c lu d ed , but c o s t - o f - l i v in g a l lo w a n ce s and in cent ive bon u ses a r e included . W e e k ly h ours fo r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l and p r o fe s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l o c cu p a t io n s r e f e r to the standard w o r k w e e k (rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t half hour) f o r w hich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e re g u la r s t r a ig h t - t im e s a la r ie s ( e x c lu s iv e o f pay f o r o v e r t im e at regu lar a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a te s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k ly ea rn in gs f o r th ese occu pat ion s a re rounded to the n e a r e s t half d o l la r . V e r t i c a l l in es within the d istr ibution o f w o r k e r s on s o m e A - t a b le s ind icate a change in the s iz e o f the c la ss in terva ls .

T h e s e su r v e y s m e a s u r e the le v e l o f o c cu p a t ion a l earn ings in an area at a p a r t i c u la r t im e . C o m p a r is o n s o f individual o ccu p a t io n a l a ve ra g e s o v e r t im e m a y not r e f le c t exp ected w age ch an ges . The a v e r a g e s for individual jobs a r e a f fe c te d by ch an ges in w a g es and e m p loy m en t p a ttern s . F o r exam ple , p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by h ig h - o r l o w -w a g e f i r m s m ay change, o r h ig h -w a g e w o r k e r s m a y advan ce to b e tte r j o b s and be rep laced by new w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a te s . Such shifts in em p lo y m e n t cou ld d e c r e a s e an o c c u pat iona l a v e r a g e even though m o s t e s ta b l ish m en ts in an a r e a in cre a s e w ages


during the y e a r . C hanges in ea rn in gs o f o c cu p a t io n a l g r o u p s , shown in tab le A - 7 , a re b e tte r in d ica to rs o f w a g e tren d s than a re earn in gs ch an ges f o r individual j o b s within the g ro u p s .

A v e r a g e ea rn in gs r e f le c t c o m p o s i t e , a re a w id e e s t im a te s . In dustr ies and es ta b l ish m e n ts d i f f e r in pay l e v e l and jo b s ta ffing , and thus con tr ibu te d i f fe ren t ly to the e s t im a te s f o r e a ch jo b . P a y a v e r a g e s m a y fa i l to r e f le c t a c c u r a te ly the w a g e d i f f e r e n t ia l am on g jo b s in ind iv idual e s ta b l ish m e n ts .

A v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m en and w o m e n in s e l e c t e d o c cu p a t ion s should not be a s s u m e d to r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in pay o f the s e x e s within individual e s ta b l is h m e n ts . F a c t o r s w h ich m a y con tr ibu te to d i f f e r e n c e s include p r o g r e s s i o n within e s ta b l ish e d rate ra n ges (on ly the ra tes paid incum bents a r e c o l le c t e d ) and p e r f o r m a n c e o f s p e c i f i c duties within the gen era l s u r v e y job d e s c r i p t i o n s . Job d e s c r ip t i o n s u se d to c l a s s i f y e m p lo y e e s in th ese s u r v e y s u su a l ly a re m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d than th o s e u se d in individual e s tab l ish m en ts and a l lo w f o r m in o r d i f f e r e n c e s am on g es ta b l ish m e n ts in s p e c i f i c duties p e r f o r m e d .

O ccu p a t ion a l em p lo y m e n t e s t im a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in all e s t a b l ish m en ts within the s c o p e o f the study and not the n u m ber ac tu a l ly s u rv ey ed . B eaause o c c u p a t io n a l s tru c t u re s am on g e s ta b l ish m en ts d i f f e r , e s t im a te s o f occu p a t ion a l em p lo y m e n t obta in ed f r o m the sa m p le o f e s ta b l ish m e n ts studied s e rv e on ly to in d ica te the r e la t iv e im p o r t a n c e o f the j o b s studied . T h e se d i f f e r e n c e s in o c cu p a t io n a l s tru c tu re do not a f fe c t m a t e r ia l ly the a c c u r a c y o f the earn in gs data.W age tr e n d s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l grou ps

The p e r c e n t in c r e a s e s p r e se n te d in tab le A - 7 a re b a s e d on ch an ges in a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f m en and w om en in es ta b l ish m e n ts rep o r t in g the trend jo b s in both the cu rre n t and p r e v io u s y ea r (m a tch ed e s ta b l ish m e n ts ) . The data a re ad justed to r e m o v e the e f fe c t s on a v e r a g e earn in gs o f e m p l o y ment shifts am on g e s ta b l is h m e n ts and tu rn o v e r o f e s ta b l ish m e n ts included in su rv e y s a m p le s . T h e p e r c e n t in c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r , a r e s t i l l a f f e c t e d by f a c to r s o th e r than w a g e in c r e a s e s . H ir in g s , la y o f f s , and t u r n o v e r m a y a ffect an es tab l ish m en t a v e r a g e f o r an o c cu p a t ion when w o r k e r s a r e paid under plans p r o v id in g a ran ge o f w age rates f o r indiv idual j o b s . In p e r io d s o f in c r e a s e d h ir in g , f o r e x a m p le , n ew e m p lo y e e s m a y enter at the b o t to m o f the ran ge , d e p r e s s in g the a v e r a g e without a change in w a g e r a te s .

The p e r c e n t ch anges re la te to w age ch anges b etw een the indicated dates. When the t im e span be tw een s u r v e y s is o th er than 12 m on th s , annual rates a re shown. (It is a s s u m e d that w a g es in c r e a s e at a constant rate between s u rv e y s . )

O ccu pat ion s u sed to com p u te w age

O f f i c e c l e r i c a l

S eer e tar ie sS t e n o g r a p h e r s , gen e ra l S t e n o g r a p h e r s , s e n io r T y p is t s , c l a s s e s A

and BF i le c l e r k s , c l a s s e s A ,

B , and C M e s s e n g e r s Sw itch board o p e r a t o r s

tren d s a re :

O f f i c e c l e r i c a l — Continued

O r d e r c l e r k s , c l a s s e s A and B

A ccou n t in g c l e r k s , c l a s s e s A and B

B ook k eep in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s B

P a y r o l l c l e r k s K ey en try o p e r a t o r s ,

c l a s s e s A and B

E le c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s in g

C om puter s y s te m s an a ly sts , c la s s e s A , B, and C

C om puter p r o g r a m m e r s , c la s s e s A , B , and C

C om puter o p e r a t o r s , c la s s e s A , B , and C

Industrial n u rses

R e g is t e r e d industria l n u rses

Skil led m a in ten a n ce

C a r p e n te r sE l e c t r i c ia n sP a in te rsM a ch in is t sM e c h a n ic s (m a ch in e ry ) M e c h a n ic s (m o t o r veh ic le ) P ip e f i t t e r s T o o l and die m a k e r s

U n sk il led plant

J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and c l e a n e r s

M a t e r ia l handling l a b o r e r s

P e r ce n t ch anges fo r in d iv idual a r e a s in the p r o g r a m a r e co m p u ted as fo l l o w s :

1. A v e r a g e earn ings a re c o m p u te d f o r ea ch o c c u p a t io n f o r the 2 y e a r s being c o m p a r e d . The a v e r a g e s a r e d e r iv e d f r o m earn ings in t h o s e e s ta b l is h m e n ts w h ich a r e in the su rv e y both y e a r s ; it is a s s u m e d that e m p loy m en t rem ain s unchanged.

2. E ach occu p a t ion is a s s ig n e d a w eigh t b a s e d on its p r o portion ate em p loym ent in the o c c u p a t io n a l g rou p in the base y ea r .

3. T h ese w eights a re u se d to co m p u te g ro u p a v e r a g e s . Eg.ch o c cu p a t io n 's a v e r a g e ea rn in gs ( co m p u te d in step 1) is m u lt ip l ied by its w eigh t. The p r o d u c ts a re to t a le d to obtain a grou p a v e ra g e .

4. The ratio o f grou p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t iv e y e a r s is com pu ted by div iding the a v e r a g e for the cu r r e n t y e a r by the a v e ra g e for the e a r l i e r y e a r . The resu lt— e x p r e s s e d as a p e r ce n t— le s s 100 is the p e r c e n t ch ange .

F o r a m o r e deta iled d e s c r i p t i o n o f the m e th o d u sed to co m p u te th e s e w a g e t r e n d s , see " Im p r o v in g A r e a W a g e S u rv e y I n d e x e s , " M on th ly L a b o r R e v i e w , January 1973, pp. 5 2 -5 7 .

E s ta b l ish m ent p r a c t i c e s and su p p le m e n ta ry w a g e p r o v i s i o n s

Tabulations on se le c t e d es ta b l ish m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s ( B - s e r i e s tab les ) a r e not p r e s e n t e d in this bu lle t in . I n f o r m at ion f o r th ese tabulations is c o l l e c t e d at 3 - y e a r in te rv a ls . T h e s e t a b u la tions on m in im u m en tran ce s a la r ie s f o r in e x p e r ie n c e d o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; shift d i f f e r e n t ia ls ; sch ed u led w eek ly h ou rs and d a y s ; pa id h o l id a y s ; pa id v a ca t io n s ; and health , in su ran ce , and pen s ion plan s a r e p r e s e n t e d (in the B - s e r i e s tab les ) in p r e v io u s bulletins fo r th is a re a .


Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studiedin Birmingham, Ala.,1 March 1978

M in im u m N u m b e r o f e s ta b l is h m e n ts W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts

In d u s try d iv is io n 2e m p lo y m e n t in e s t a b l is h - W ith in s c o p e

o f stu d y 3

W ith in s c o p e o f stu d y 4

m e n ts in s c o p e o f stu d y

S tu d iedN u m b e r P e r c e n t

S tu d ied

A L L D I V I S I O N S ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 622 170 1 3 6 . 2 2 4 100 8 4 . 5 0 6

MA NU F A C T U RI NG ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 216 53 5 5 . 8 6 8 41 3 4 . 3 9 9NONMANUFACT URI NG -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - 406 117 8 0 . 3 5 6 59 5 0 . 1 0 7

T R A N S P O R T A T I O N . C O M M U N I C A T I O N . AND OTHER P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S 5 ---------------------------------------------------- 50 50 18 2 1 . 6 4 7 16 1 7 . 0 5 6

UHOLE SALE T RADE ------------------------------------------------------------- 50 96 22 9 . 9 1 0 7 3 . 8 1 2R E T A I L T RADE -------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 141 35 2 7 . 4 0 5 20 1 4 . 7 0 1F I N A N C E . I N S U R A N C E . AND REAL E S T A T E 6 --------------- 50 51 16 1 1 . 4 7 3 8 8 . 0 1 3S E R V I C E S 7 8---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 68 26 9 , 9 2 1 7 6 . 5 2 5

1 T h e B ir m in g h a m S ta n da rd M e tr o p o lita n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a , a s d e f in e d by the O f f i c e o f M a n a g e m e n t and B udget th rou g h F e b r u a r y 1 97 4 , c o n s is t s o f J e f f e r s o n , St. C l a i r , S h e lb y , and W a lk e r C o u n t ie s . T h e " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s tu d y " e s t im a t e s sh ow n in th is ta b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n o f th e s iz e and c o m p o s i t i o n o f th e la b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in the s u r v e y . E s t im a te s a r e not in te n d e d , h o w e v e r , f o r c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t t r e n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) p lann ing o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s e s t a b l i s h m en t da ta c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d v a n ce o f the p a y r o l l p e r io d s tu d ie d , and (2) s m a ll e s ta b l is h m e n ts a re e x c lu d e d fr o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .

2 T h e 1972 e d it io n o f the S tan dard In d u s tr ia l C la s s i f ic a t io n M an u a l w a s u se d in c la s s i fy in g e s ta b l is h m e n ts b y in d u stry d iv is io n . H o w e v e r , a l l g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t io n s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e su rv e y .

3 In c lu d e s a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t at o r a b o v e the m in im u m l im it a t io n . A l l o u t le ts (w ith in the a re a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in in d u s t r ie s su ch a s t r a d e ,

f in a n c e , au to r e p a ir s e r v i c e , and m o t io n p ic t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t .

4 In c lu d e s a l l w o r k e r s in a ll e s ta b l is h m e n ts w ith t o ta l e m p lo y m e n t (w ith in the a re a ) at o r a b o v e th e m in im u m lim ita t io n .

5 A b b r e v ia t e d to " p u b l ic u t i l i t i e s " in th e A - s e r i e s t a b le s . T a x ic a b s and s e r v i c e s in c id e n ta l to w a te r t r a n s p o r ta t io n a r e e x c lu d e d . A n u m b e r o f e le c t r i c u t i l it ie s su p p ly in g le s s than h a lf the e l e c t r i c c o n s u m p tio n w e r e p u b l ic ly ow n e d and e x c lu d e d b y d e f in it io n f r o m the s c o p e o f the stu d y .

6 A b b r e v ia te d to " f in a n c e " in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s .7 S e p a ra te p r e s e n t a t io n o f da ta is not m a d e f o r th is d iv is io n .8 H o te ls and m o t e ls ; la u n d r ie s and o th e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ;

a u to m o b ile r e p a i r , r e n t a l , and p a rk in g ; m o t io n p ic t u r e s ; n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s (e x c lu d in g r e l ig io u s and c h a r it a b le o r g a n iz a t io n s ) ; and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .


Appendix B.OccupationalDescriptions

T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r the B u re a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t its f ie ld sta ff in c la s s i fy in g into a p p rop r ia te o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s who are e m p lo y e d u nder a v a r ie ty of p a y r o l l t i t le s and d i f fe ren t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n ts f r o m e s ta b l ish m en t to e s tab l ish m en t and f r o m a re a to a re a . T h is p e r m i t s the grou p in g o f o ccu p a t io n a l w age ra tes re p r e se n t in g c o m p a r a b le job content. B e c a u se o f th is e m p h a s is on in te re s tab l ish m e n t and in te ra re a c o m p a r a b i l i t y o f o ccu p a t io n a l con ten t, the B u reau 's job d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s ig n i f ican t ly f r o m th o se in u se in ind iv idual e s ta b l ish m e n ts o r th o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o th er p u r p o s e s . In applying th e s e job d e s c r i p t i o n s , the B u r e a u 's f ie ld e c o n o m is t s a r e in stru cted to exc lu d e w o rk in g s u p e r v i s o r s ; a p p r e n t i c e s ; and p a r t - t i m e , - tem p ora ry , a n d p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s . H an dicapped w o r k e r s w h o s e earn in gs a r e re d u ce d b e c a u s e o f th e ir h an dicap a re a lso exc lu ded . L e a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , and t r a i n e e s , u n le ss s p e c i f i c a l l y in c lud ed in the job d e s c r i p t i o n , a re exc lu d ed .

Office

S E C R E T A R Y

A s s ig n e d as p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a l l y to one in d iv id ua l. M a in tains a c l o s e and h ig h ly r e s p o n s iv e re la t io n sh ip to the d a y - t o - d a y w o r k o f the s u p e r v i s o r . W o r k s f a i r l y in depen den tly r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e ta i led s u p e r v is io n and g u id a n ce . P e r f o r m s v a r ie d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l d u ties , u su a l ly in c lud ing m o s t o f the f o l l o w in g :

a. R e c e i v e s te lep h on e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , and in co m in g m a i l , a n s w e r s rou tin e in q u ir ie s , and rou tes te c h n ic a l in q u ir ie s to the p r o p e r p e r s o n s ;

b . E s t a b l i s h e s , m a in ta in s , and r e v i s e s the s u p e r v i s o r ' s f i l e s ;

c . M ain ta in s the s u p e r v i s o r ' s ca le n d a r and m a k e s a p p o intm en ts as in s t ru c te d ;

d. R e la y s m e s s a g e s f r o m s u p e r v i s o r to s u b o rd in a te s ;

e . R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d a , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d b y o th e r s f o r the s u p e r v i s o r ' s s ign atu re to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l and ty p o g ra p h ic a c c u r a c y ;

f. P e r f o r m s s te n o g r a p h ic and typing w o r k .

S E C R E T A R Y— C ontinue d

M a y a ls o p e r f o r m oth er c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l tasks o f c o m p a r a b le n ature and d i f f icu l ty . The w o rk ty p ic a l ly r e q u i r e s k n ow led g e o f o f f i c e routine and u nderstand ing o f the o rgan iza t ion , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e la te d to the w o r k o f the s u p e r v is o r .

E x c lu s io n s

Not a l l p os it ion s that a re tit led " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the a b ove c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s . E x a m p le s o f p os it ion s w hich a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the d e f in it ion a re as f o l l o w s :

a. P o s i t io n s w hich do not m e e t the " p e r s o n a l " s e c r e t a r y c o n c e p t d e s c r i b e d a b ove ;

b. S ten ograp h ers not fu l ly tra in ed in s e c r e t a r i a l - t y p e d u ties ;

c . S ten ograp h ers se rv in g as o f f i c e a s s i s t a n t s to a g ro u p o f p r o f e s s ion a l , te c h n ica l , o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ;

d. S e c r e t a r y p os it ion s in w h ich the d u ties a r e e i th e r su b sta n t ia l ly m o r e rou tin e o r substantia lly m o r e c o m p l e x and r e s p o n s ib l e than th o se c h a r a c t e r i z e d in the defin ition ;


SE CR ETAR Y— Continued

E x c l u s io n s — Continued

e . A s s i s t a n t - t y p e p o s i t io n s w hich in volve m o r e d i f f icu l t o r m o r e r e s p o n s ib l e t e c h n i c a l , a d m in is t ra t iv e , s u p e r v is o r y , o r s p e c ia l i z e d c l e r i c a l du t ies w hich a r e not t y p i c a l o f s e c r e t a r ia l w ork .

N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " used in the le v e l def in it ion sfo l lo w in g , r e f e r s to t h o s e o f f i c ia l s who have a s ign if ican t c o r p o r a t e w id e p o l i c y m a k in g r o l e with r e g a r d to m a j o r co m p a n y a c t iv i t ie s . The t i t le " v i c e p r e s id e n t , " though n o r m a l l y in d ica t ive o f this r o le , d o e s not in a ll c a s e s id e n t i fy such p o s i t i o n s . V ic e p r e s id e n ts w h ose p r im a r y r e s p o n s ib i l i t y is to act p e r s o n a l ly on in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r tran sact ion s ( e .g . , a p p rov e o r deny in d iv id u a l loan o r c r e d i t a c t i o n s ; a d m in is ter individual t ru s t a c co u n ts ; d i r e c t ly s u p e r v i s e a c l e r i c a l staff) a r e not c o n s id e r e d to be " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r p u r p o s e s o f a pp ly in g the fo l lo w in g le v e l d e f in it ion s .

C la s s A

1. S e c r e t a r y to the c h a irm a n o f the boa rd or p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5, 000 p e r s o n s ; o r

2. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (oth er than the ch a irm a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in all , o v e r 5, 000 but f e w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

3. S e c r e t a r y to the head, im m e d ia t e ly b e low the c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r l e v e l , o f a m a j o r s e g m e n t o r su b s id iar y o f a com pan y that e m p lo y s , in all , o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s . * 1

C la s s B

1. S e c r e t a r y to the ch a irm a n o f the b oa rd or p r e s id e n t o f a co m p a n y that e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r

2. S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (other than the ch a irm a n o f the b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 100 but f e w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

3. S e c r e t a r y to the head , im m e d ia t e ly be low the o f f i c e r l e v e l , o v e r e i th e r a m a j o r c o r p o r a t i o n w id e functiona l act iv ity (e .g . , m a rk e t in g , r e s e a r c h , o p e r a t io n s , in d u s t r ia l r e la t io n s , e tc . ) a m a j o r g e o g r a p h ic o r o rg a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a r te rs ; a m a j o r d iv is ion ) o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but f e w e r than 25, 000 e m p l o y e e s ; o r

4. S e c r e t a r y to the head o f an individual plant, f a c t o r y , e t c . (o r o th e r equ iv a len t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) that e m p lo y s , in all , o v e r 5, 000 p e r s o n s ; o r

5. S e c r e t a r y to the head o f a la rg e and im p ortan t o rg a n iz a t io n a l s e g m e n t ( e .g . , a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v is o r o f an o r g a n iz a t io n a l segm en t o f ten in vo lv in g as m a n y as s e v e r a l hundred p e r so n s ) o r a co m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .

SECRETARY— Continued

C la s s C

1. S e c r e t a r y to an e x ecu t iv e o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r so n w hose r e s p o n s ib i l i ty is not equiva lent to one o f the s p e c i f i c l e v e l s ituations in the definition f o r c l a s s B, but w h ose o rg a n iz a t io n a l unit n o r m a l ly n u m b e r s at least s e v e r a l d o z e n e m p lo y e e s and is u su a l ly d iv ided into o rga n iza t io n a l segm en ts which are o f ten , in turn , fu r th er subd iv ided . In so m e c o m p a n ie s , th is l e v e l in c lu d es a w ide range o f o rg a n iz a t io n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o t h e r s , on ly one or two; or

2. S e c r e t a r y to the head o f an in div idual plant, fa c to ry , e tc . (or o th er equiva lent l e v e l o f o f f i c ia l ) that e m p lo y s , in a l l , fe w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .

C la s s D1. S e c r e t a r y to the s u p e r v is o r o r head o f a s m a l l o rgan iza t ion a l unit

( e .g . , f e w e r than about 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; o r2. S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s t a f f sp e c ia l is t , p r o fe s s io n a l

e m p lo y e e , a d m in is t ra t iv e o f f i c e r , o r ass is ta n t , sk il led techn ic ian , o r exp ert . (N O T E : Many c o m p a n ie s a s s ig n s te n o g r a p h e r s , ra th er than s e c r e t a r i e s asd e s c r i b e d a b o v e , to th is l e v e l o f s u p e r v i s o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r . )

S T E N O G R A P H E R

P r im a r y duty is to take d ic tation using shorthand, and to t r a n s c r ib e the d ic ta t ion . M ay a lso type f r o m w ritten co p y . M ay op era te f r o m a s ten o g ra p h ic p oo l . M ay o c c a s i o n a l ly t r a n s c r ib e f r o m v o i c e r e c o r d in g s ( if p r im a r y duty is t r a n s c r ib in g f r o m r e c o r d i n g s , se e T r a n s c r ib in g -M a c h in e T y p is t ) .

N O T E : T h is j o b is d is t in g u ish ed f r o m that o f a s e c r e t a r y in that as e c r e t a r y n o r m a l ly w o r k s in a c o n f id en t ia l re la t ion sh ip with only one m a n a g er o r exe cu t iv e and p e r f o r m s m o r e r e s p o n s ib le and d is c r e t io n a r y tasks as d e s c r i b e d in the s e c r e t a r y jo b def in it ion .

S ten ograp h er , G e n e r a l

D ictat ion in v o lv e s a n o r m a l routine v o c a b u la ry . May m aintain f i l e s , k eep s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m oth er re la t iv e ly routine c l e r i c a l tasks .

, S ten ograp h er , S en ior

D ictat ion in v o lv e s a v a r ie d t e c h n ic a l dr s p e c ia l i z e d v o ca b u la ry such as in le g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M ay a lso set up and m ain ta in f i l e s , k eep r e c o r d s , e tc .

ORP e r f o r m s s ten og ra p h ic duties req u ir in g s ign if ican t ly g r e a t e r in d e

p e n d en ce and r e s p o n s ib i l i t y than s te n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l , as e v id en ced by the f o l lo w in g : W ork r e q u i r e s a high d e g r e e o f s ten og ra p h ic speed and a c c u r a c y ;a th orou gh w o rk in g kn ow led ge o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e ; and o f the s p e c i f i c b u s in e s s o p e r a t io n s , o rg a n iz a t io n , p o l i c i e s , p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s , w o r k f lo w , e tc . U ses th is k n ow led ge in p e r fo r m in g sten ograph ic duties and r e s p o n s ib l e c l e r i c a l task s such as m aintain ing fo l low u p f i l e s ; a s se m b l in g m a t e r ia l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d a , and l e t t e r s ; c o m p o s in g s im p le le t te rs f r o m g e n e r a l in s t r u c t io n s ; rea d in g and routing in co m in g m a i l ; and an sw erin g rou tin e q u e s t io n s , e t c .


T R A N SC R IB IN G -M A C H IN E T Y P IS T

P r i m a r y duty is to type c o p y o f v o i c e r e c o r d e d dictation w hich does not involve v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia l i z e d v o c a b u la r y such as that u sed in lega l b r ie f s o r r e p o r t s on s c ie n t i f i c r e s e a r c h . M a y a lso type f r o m w ritten cop y . M ay maintain f i l e s , keep s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m oth er r e la t iv e ly routine c l e r i c a l ta sk s . (See S ten ograp h er def in it ion f o r w o r k e r s involved with shorthand dictation .)

TY P IS T

U s e s a ty p e w r it e r to m ak e c o p ie s o f v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls o r to m ake out b i l ls a fte r ca lcu la t io n s have been m ad e b y another p e r s o n . M ay in c lude typing o f s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r s im i l a r m a t e r ia ls f o r u se in du plicating p r o c e s s e s . M a y do c l e r i c a l w o r k in vo lv in g lit t le s p e c ia l tra in in g , such as keepin g s im p le r e c o r d s , f i l in g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r s o r t in g and distr ibut ing in co m in g m a il .

C la s s A . P e r f o r m s one o r m o r e o f the f o l lo w in g : Typing m a t e r ia lin f ina l f o r m when it in v o lv e s com bin in g m a t e r ia l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r re s p o n s ib i l i ty f o r c o r .re c t spe ll in g , sy l la b ica t io n , punctuation , e tc . , o f t e c h n ic a l o r unusual w o r d s o r f o r e ig n language m a t e r ia l ; o r planning layout and typing o f c o m p l i c a t e d s ta t is t ica l tab les to m aintain u n i fo r m it y and ba la n ce in spac in g . M a y type routine f o r m l e t t e r s , vary in g de ta i ls to suit c i r c u m s t a n c e s .

C la s s B . P e r f o r m s one o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w ing: C o p y typing f r o mrough o r c l e a r d r a f ts ; o r routine typing o f f o r m s , in su ra n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c . ; o r setting up s im p le standard tabu lation s ; o r co p y in g m o r e c o m p le x tab les a lr e a d y set o p and s p a ce d p r o p e r ly .

F IL E C L E R K

F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , and r e t r i e v e s m a t e r ia l in an es ta b l ish e d f i l ing s y s te m . M a y p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l and m an ua l tasks r e q u ir e d to m aintain f i l e s . P o s i t io n s a r e c la s s i f i e d into l e v e ls on the b a s is o f the f o l lo w in g def in it ion s .

C la s s A . C la s s i f i e s and in d ex es f i le m a t e r ia l such as c o r r e s p o n d en ce , r e p o r t s , t e c h n ica l d o c u m e n t s , e t c . , in an e s ta b l is h e d f i l in g s y s te m contain ing a n u m b e r o f v a r ie d s u b je c t m a t te r f i l e s . M a y a ls o f i le this m a t e r ia l . M ay k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s types in con ju n ct ion with the f i l e s . M a y lead a sm a l l g rou p o f l o w e r l e v e l f i l e c l e r k s .

C la s s B. S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c la s s i f i e d m a t e r ia l by s im p le ( su b je c t m a t te r ) h ead in g s o r p a r t ly c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l by f in e r subh eadin gs . P r e p a r e s s im p le re la ted in dex and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s . A s req u ested , lo c a t e s c l e a r l y id en t i f ied m a t e r ia l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r ia l . M a y p e r f o r m re la ted c l e r i c a l tasks r e q u ir e d to m ain ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s .

C la s s C . P e r f o r m s routine f i l in g o f m a t e r ia l that has a l r e a d y been c la s s i f i e d o r w hich is e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s im p le s e r ia l c la s s i f i c a t i o n s y s te m ( e .g . , a lp h a b et ica l , c h r o n o lo g i c a l , o r n u m e r i c a l ) . A s requ ested , l o c a t e s r e a d i ly a v a i la b le m a t e r ia l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r ia l s ; and m a y f i l l out w ith d raw a l c h a r g e . M ay p e r f o r m s im p le c l e r i c a l and m an ual tasks req u ired to m aintain and s e r v i c e f i l e s .

M ESSEN GER

P e r fo r m s v a r iou s routine duties such as running e r r a n d s , operat ing m in o r o f f i c e m achines such as s e a le r s o r m a i l e r s , opening and d istr ibut ing m a i l , and other m in o r c l e r i c a l w ork . E x c lu d e p o s i t io n s that r e q u ir e o p e r a t ion o f a m o t o r v e h ic le as a s ign ifican t duty.

SW ITCH BO ARD O P E R A T O R

O p era tes a te lephon e sw itch b oa rd o r c o n s o l e u sed with a p r iv a te bran ch exchange (P B X ) s y s te m to r e la y in c o m in g , ou tgoin g , and in t r a s y s te m ca l l s . M a y p r ov id e in fo rm a tion to c a l l e r s , r e c o r d and tr a n sm it m e s s a g e s , k eep r e c o r d o f ca l ls p la c e d and to l l c h a r g e s . B e s id e s op era t in g a te lep h on e sw itch b o a rd o r c o n s o le , m a y a lso ty pe o r p e r f o r m routine c l e r i c a l w o r k (typing o r routine c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y o c c u p y the m a j o r p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r ' s t im e , and is usually p e r fo r m e d while at the s w itch b o a rd o r c o n s o l e ) . Chie f o r lead o p e r a t o r s in estab l ish m en ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than one o p e r a t o r a re exc lu ded . F o r an o p e r a t o r who a lso a c ts as a r e c e p t i o n i s t , s e e Sw itchboard Ope rat o r -R e c e p t i o n i s t .

SW ITCH BO ARD O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T

At a s in g le -p o s i t io n te lephon e sw it c h b o a r d o r c o n s o l e , a c ts both as an o p e r a t o r — see Sw itchboard O p e ra to r— and as a r e c e p t io n is t . R e ce p t io n is t 's w o r k in v o lv es such duties as greet ing v i s i t o r s ; d e te rm in in g n ature o f v i s i t o r 's b u s in ess and prov id in g app ropr ia te in fo rm a t io n ; r e f e r r in g v i s i t o r to a p p r o pr iate p e r s o n in the o rgan iza t ion o r con ta ct in g that p e r s o n by te leph on e and a rra n g in g an appointment; keeping a log o f v i s i t o r s .

O R D E R C L E R K

R e c e iv e s w ritten o r v e rb a l c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s f o r m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e f r o m cu s t o m e r s o r s a le s p e o p le . W o r k t y p ic a l ly in vo lves so m e com bin at ion o f the fo l low ing d u ties : Quoting p r i c e s ; d e te rm in in g a v a i l abil ity o f o r d e r e d item s and suggesting substitu tes when n e c e s s a r y ; advising e x p ected d e l i v e r y date and m ethod o f d e l i v e r y ; r e c o r d i n g o r d e r and c u s t o m e r in fo rm a tion on o r d e r sheets ; ch eck in g o r d e r sh ee ts f o r a c c u r a c y and adequ acy o f in form ation r e c o r d e d ; a s c e r ta in in g c r e d i t rating o f c u s t o m e r ; furn ish in g cu s t o m e r with a ck n ow led gem en t o f r e c e ip t o f o r d e r ; f o l l o w in g -u p to se e that o r d e r is d e l i v e r e d by the s p e c i f i e d date o r to let c u s t o m e r know o f a d e lay in d e l iv e ry ; maintaining o r d e r f i l e ; ch eck in g shipping in v o ice against o r ig in a l o r d e r .

E xc lu d e w o r k e r s paid on a c o m m i s s i o n b a s is o r w h o se duties include any o f the fo l low in g : R e c e iv in g o r d e r s f o r s e r v i c e s ra th e r than f o rm a t e r ia l o r m e r ch a n d ise ; prov id in g c u s t o m e r s with con su ltat ive a d v ice using k n ow ledge gained f r o m en g in eer in g o r e x te n s iv e t e c h n ic a l tra in in g ; em p h a s iz in g se l l ing sk i l ls ; handling m a t e r ia l o r m e r c h a n d is e as an in tegra l part o f the job .

P o s i t io n s a re c la s s i f i e d into l e v e l s a c c o r d in g to the fo l low in g def in it ion s :

C la s s A . Handles o r d e r s that in vo lve m akin g ju dg m en ts such as ch oos in g w hich s p e c i f i c p rodu ct o r m a t e r ia l f r o m the e s ta b l i s h m e n t 's prod u c t l in es w i l l sa tis fy the c u s t o m e r 's n e e d s , o r d e te rm in in g the p r i c e to be quoted when p r ic in g in vo lves m o r e than m e r e l y r e f e r r i n g to a p r i c e l is t o r m aking so m e s im ple m a th em a tica l c a l c u la t io n s .


O R D E R C L E R K — C ontinued

C la s s B . H an dles o r d e r s involv ing i tem s w h ich have r e a d i ly id e n t i f i e d u se s and a p p l ic a t io n s . M ay r e f e r to a cata log , m a n u fa c t u r e r 's m an ual, o r s im i l a r d o c u m e n t to in sd r e that p r o p e r item is sup p lied o r to v e r i f y p r i c e o f o r d e r e d i tem .

A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K

P e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e accou nting c l e r i c a l ta sk s such as p o s t in g to r e g i s t e r s and l e d g e r s ; r e c o n c i l in g bank a ccou n ts ; v e r i fy in g the in tern a l c o n s i s t e n c y , c o m p l e t e n e s s , and m a th e m a t ica l a c c u r a c y o f a ccou nting d o c u m e n ts ; a s s ig n in g p r e s c r i b e d accou n t in g d istr ibut ion c o d e s ; exam in in g and v e r i fy in g f o r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s ty pes o f r e p o r t s , l i s t s , c a l c u la t io n s , p o s t in g , e t c . ; o r p r e p a r in g s im p le o r a s s is t in g in p r e p a r in g m o r e c o m p l i c a t e d jou rn a l v o u c h e r s . M ay w o r k in e ith er a manual o r autom ated accou n t in g s y s te m .

The w o r k r e q u ir e s a know led ge o f c l e r i c a l m eth od s and o f f i c e p r a c t i c e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ich r e la te s to the c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g and r e c o r d in g o f t r a n s a c t io n s and a ccou n t in g in form ation . With e x p e r i e n c e , the w o r k e r t y p i c a l l y b e c o m e s f a m i l ia r with the bookkeep in g and a ccou n t in g t e r m s and p r o c e d u r e s u se d in the a s s ig n e d w o rk , but is not r e q u ire d to have a kn ow led ge o f the f o r m a l p r in c ip l e s o f b ookkeep in g and accou nting .

P o s i t io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d into l e v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo l lo w in g d e f in i t io n s :

C la s s A . U n der g e n e r a l s u p e rv is io n , p e r f o r m s a ccou nting c l e r i c a l o p e r a t io n s w h ich r e q u i r e the app lication o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d g m en t , fo r e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s i n g c o m p l ic a t e d or n on rep et it ive a ccou n t in g t r a n s a c t i o n s , s e le c t in g am on g a substantia l v a r ie ty o f p r e s c r i b e d a ccou n t in g c o d e s and c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c in g t r a n sa c t io n s through p r e v io u s a ccou nting a c t io n s to d e t e r m i n e s o u r c e o f d i s c r e p a n c i e s . May b e a s s i s t e d by one or m o r e c la s s B a cco u n t in g c l e r k s .

C la s s B . U nder c l o s e su p e r v is io n , fo l low in g deta i led in stru ct ion s and s ta n d a rd ize d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s one o r m o r e routine accou n t in g c l e r i c a l o p e r a t i o n s , such as p ost in g to l e d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e id en t i f i ca t io n o f i t e m s and lo ca t io n s o f post ings a r e c l e a r l y ind icated ; ch e ck in g a c c u r a c y and c o m p le t e n e s s o f s tan dardized and rep e t i t iv e r e c o r d s o r a c cou n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; and cod ing docu m en ts using a few p r e s c r i b e d a ccou n t in g c o d e s .

B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R

O p e r a t e s a b oo k k e e p in g m ach in e (with o r without a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b oa rd ) to k eep a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n sa c t io n s .

C la ss A . K e e p s a set o f r e c o r d s requ ir in g a k n ow led ge o f and e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r in c ip l e s , and fa m i l ia r i t y with the s tru c tu re o f the p a r t i c u la r a cco u n t in g s y s te m u sed . D ete r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d is t r ib u t io n o f debit and c r e d i t item s to be u sed in e a ch ph a se o f the w o r k . M ay p r e p a r e c o n s o l id a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n ce sh ee ts , and o th e r r e c o r d s by hand.

C la ss B . K e e p s a r e c o r d o f one o r m o r e p h a se s o r s e c t i o n s o f a set o f r e c o r d s u su a l ly r e q u ir in g lit t le knowledge o f b a s i c b ook k eep in g . P h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s in c lu d e a ccou n ts p a y a b le , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' a ccou n ts (not in c lud ing a s im p le ty pe o f b i l l in g d e s c r i b e d u nder m a ch in e b i l l e r ) ,

B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R — C ontinued

c o s t d is t r ib u t ion , e x p e n se d is t r ib u t ion , in ven tory c o n tr o l , etc . May ch e ck o r a s s i s t in p r e p a ra t io n o f t r ia l b a la n ce s and p r e p a r e co n tr o l sheets fo r the accou nting d ep artm en t .

MACHINE B IL L E R

P r e p a r e s s ta tem en ts , b i l l s , and in v o ic e s on a m ach in e other than an o r d in a r y o r e l e c t r o m a t i c t y p e w r i t e r . M ay a lso keep r e c o r d s as to b i l l in gs o r shipping c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m oth er c l e r i c a l w o r k incidental to b i ll ing o p e r a t io n s . F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , m ach in e b i l l e r s a r e c la s s i f i e d by type o f m a ch in e , as f o l l o w s :

B i l l in g -m a c h in e b i l l e r . U ses a s p e c ia l b i l l in g m achine (com bin ation typing and adding m ach in e) to p r e p a r e b i l l s and in v o ice s f r o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a se o r d e r s , in tern a l ly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , shipping m e m o ra n d a , etc . U sually in vo lves a p p lica tion o f p r e d e t e r m in e d d iscou n ts and shipping ch a rg e s and entry o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s io n s , w hich m a y o r m a y not be com pu ted on the b i l l in g m a c h in e , and to ta ls w hich a re a u tom a t ica l ly a ccu m u lated by m a ch in e . The o p e r a t io n u su a l ly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m ber o f carbon co p ie s o f the b i l l being p r e p a r e d and is o ften done on a fan fo ld m ach in e .

B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e b i l l e r . U ses a bookkeep in g m achine (with or without a ty p e w r it e r keyboard ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b i l l s as part o f the a ccou n ts r e c e iv a b le operat ion . G e n e r a l ly in v o lv es the s im ultaneous entry of f ig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d . The m a ch in e au tom at ica l ly accu m u lates f ig u r e s on a n u m ber o f v e r t i c a l co lu m n s and co m p u te s and usually prints a u tom a t ica l ly the debit o r c re d it b a la n c e s . D oes not involve a kn owledge o f b ook k eep in g . W o r k s f r o m u n i fo r m and standard types o f sa les and c r e d it s l ip s .

P A Y R O L L C L E R K

P e r f o r m s the c l e r i c a l tasks n e c e s s a r y to p r o c e s s p a y r o l ls and to m aintain p a y r o l l r e c o r d s . W o r k in vo lves m o s t o f the f o l lo w in g : P r o c e s s in gw o r k e r s ' t im e o r p r o d u c t io n r e c o r d s ; adjusting w o r k e r s ' r e c o r d s fo r changes in w age ra te s , s u p p lem en ta ry b e n e f i t s , o r tax ded u ct ion s ; editing p a y r o l l l is t in g s against s o u r c e r e c o r d s ; t r a c in g and c o r r e c t i n g e r r o r s in l is t ings ; and a s s is t in g in p r e p a r a t io n o f p e r i o d i c s u m m a r y p a y r o l l r e p o r ts . In a n on - autom ated p a y r o l l s y s t e m , com p u tes w a g e s . W o r k m a y re q u ire a p r a c t i c a l kn ow led ge o f g o v e r n m e n ta l r e g u la t io n s , co m p a n y p a y r o l l p o l i c y , o r the co m p u te r s y s te m f o r p r o c e s s i n g p a y r o l l s .

KEY E N T R Y O P E R A T O R

O p e ra te s a keypunch m a ch in e to r e c o r d o r v e r i f y alphabetic a n d /o r n u m e r ic data on tabulating c a r d s o r on tape .

P o s i t io n s a r e c la s s i f i e d into l e v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo l low in g d e f in i t io n s .

C la ss A . W o r k r e q u ir e s the app l ica t ion of e x p e r ie n c e and judgment in s e le c t in g p r o c e d u r e s to be fo l lo w e d and in se a rch in g f o r , in terp ret in g , s e le c t in g , o r cod in g i t e m s to be keypunched f r o m a v a r ie ty of s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts . On o c c a s i o n m a y a lso p e r f o r m s o m e routine keypunch w ork . May tra in in e x p e r ie n c e d keypunch o p e r a t o r s .


KEY E N TR Y O P E R A T O R — C ontinued

C la ss B . W o r k is rou tin e and r e p e t i t iv e . Under c l o s e s u p e r v is io n o r fo l low in g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r in s t r u c t io n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r io u s s ta n d a rd ize d s o u r c e d o c u m e n ts w h ich h ave been c o d e d , and fo l l o w s s p e c i f i e d p r o c e d u r e s w h ich have b e e n p r e s c r i b e d in deta i l and r e q u ir e l it t le o r no s e le c t in g , c o d in g , o r in te rp re t in g o f data to be r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s to s u p e r v i s o r p r o b le m s a r is in g f r o m e r r o n e o u s i t e m s o r c o d e s o r m i s s in g in fo rm a tion .

T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R

O p e ra te s one o r a v a r ie t y o f m a ch in e s such as the ta b u la to r , c a l c u la to r , c o l l a t o r , in t e r p r e t e r , s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c in g pu nch , e tc . E x c lu d e d f r o m this def in it ion a r e w o rk in g s u p e r v i s o r s . A l s o ex c lu d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s o f e le c t r o n ic d ig ita l c o m p u t e r s , even though th ey m a y a lso o p e r a t e e l e c t r i c a ccou nting m a ch in e equipm ent.

P o s i t io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d into l e v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo l lo w in g d e f in i t io n s .

C la ss A . P e r f o r m s c o m p le t e re p o r t in g and tabulating a s s ig n m e n ts including d e v is in g d i f f icu l t c o n t r o l pan e l w ir in g under g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n . A s s ig n m e n ts t y p ic a l ly in v o lv e a v a r ie t y o f lon g and c o m p l e x r e p o r t s w h ich often a r e i r r e g u la r o r n o n r e c u r r in g , req u ir in g s o m e p lanning o f the nature and sequ en cin g o f o p e r a t io n s , and the u se o f a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s . Is ty p ic a l ly in v o lv ed in tra in in g n ew o p e r a t o r s in m a ch in e o p e r a t io n s o r tra in in g l o w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s in w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and in the op er a t in g se q u e n c e s o f long and c o m p l e x r e p o r t s . D oes not in c lude p o s i t io n s in w h ich w ir in g re s p o n s ib i l i ty is l im i te d to s e le c t io n and in se r t io n o f p r e w i r e d b o a r d s .

C la ss B. P e r f o r m s w o r k a c c o r d in g to e s ta b l ish e d p r o c e d u r e s and u nder s p e c i f i c in s t r u c t io n s . A s s ig n m e n ts t y p ic a l ly in v o lv e c o m p le t e but r o u tine and r e c u r r in g r e p o r t s o r p a r ts o f l a r g e r and m o r e c o m p l e x r e p o r t s . O p era tes m o r e d i f f icu l t tabu lating o r e l e c t r i c a l a ccou n t in g m a c h in e s su ch as the tabu lator and c a l c u la t o r , in add ition to the s im p le r m a c h in e s u se d by c la s s C o p e r a t o r s . M ay be re q u ir e d to do s o m e w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s . M ay tra in n ew e m p lo y e e s in b a s i c m a ch in e o p e r a t io n s .

C la ss C . U nder s p e c i f i c in s t r u c t io n s , o p e r a te s s im p le tabulating o r e l e c t r i c a l a ccou n t in g m a c h in e s su ch as the s o r t e r , in t e r p r e t e r , r e p r o ducing punch, c o l l a t o r , e tc . A s s ig n m e n t s ty p ic a l ly in vo lve p o r t io n s o f a w o r k unit , f o r e x a m p le , ind iv idual s o r t in g o r co l la t in g ru n s , o r re p e t i t iv e o p e r a t io n s . M a y p e r f o r m s im p le w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s , and do s o m e f i l ing w o rk .

Professional and TechnicalC O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS

A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s to fo r m u la te p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g th em by u se o f e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g equ ip m en t. D e v e lo p s a c o m p le t e d e s c r ip t i o n o f all s p e c i f i c a t io n s n e e d e d to enable p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e r e q u ire d d ig ita l c o m p u te r p r o g r a m s . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w in g ; A n a ly z e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t io n s to be autom ated and iden t i f ies con d it ion s and c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d to a c h ie v e s a t i s fa c t o r y r e s u l t s ; s p e c i f i e s n u m b e r and

C O M P U T E R SYSTEM S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS— C ontinued

types o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d ocu m en ts to b e u se d ; ou tl in es a c t ion s to be p e r f o r m e d b y p e r so n n e l and c o m p u te r s in su f f i c ie n t deta il f o r p r e se n ta t io n to m a n a g em en t and fo r p r o g r a m m in g ( ty p ic a l ly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a t io n o f w o r k and data f low ch a r ts ) ; c o o r d in a t e s the d e v e lo p m e n t o f te s t p r o b le m s and p a r t ic ip a t e s in t r ia l runs o f new and r e v i s e d s y s t e m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s equipm ent changes to obtain m o r e e f fe c t iv e o v e r a l l o p e r a t io n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g both s y s te m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g should be c l a s s i f i e d as s y s te m s analysts if th is is the sk i l l u sed to d e t e r m in e th e ir pay.)

D oes not include e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s ib l e f o r the m a n a g e m ent o r su p e rv is io n o f o th er e l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g e m p lo y e e s , o r s y s te m s an a ly sts p r im a r i ly co n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c o r en g in e e r in g p r o b l e m s .

F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , s y s t e m s a n a ly sts a r e c l a s s i f i e d as f o l l o w s :

C la ss A . W o r k s independently o r u n d er on ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t io n on c o m p le x p r o b le m s involv ing a l l p h ases o f s y s t e m s a n a ly s is . P r o b l e m s a re c o m p le x b e c a u s e o f d iv e r s e s o u r c e s o f input data and m u l t ip l e - u s e r e q u i r e m en ts o f output data. ( F o r ex a m p le , d e v e lo p s an in teg ra ted p r o d u c t io n s c h e d u ling , in ven tory c o n t r o l , c o s t a n a ly s is , and sa le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in w hich e v e r y i t e m o f each type is a u tom a t ica l ly p r o c e s s e d th rou gh the fu l l s y s t e m o f r e c o r d s and a p p rop r ia te fo l low up a c t io n s a r e in itiated by the co m p u te r . ) C o n fe rs with p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e t e r m in e the data p r o c e s s i n g p r o b l e m s and a d v i se s s u b je c t -m a t te r p e r so n n e l on the im p l i c a t io n s o f n ew o r r e v i s e d s y s te m s o f data p r o c e s s in g o p e r a t i o n s . M a k e s r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s , if n e e d e d , f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a j o r s y s te m s in sta l la t ion s o r ch an ges and f o r obta in ing equipm ent.

M a y p r o v id e functional d i r e c t io n to l o w e r l e v e l s y s t e m s analysts who a re a s s ig n e d to a s s i s t .

C la ss B. W o rk s independently o r u nder on ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t io n on p r o b l e m s that are r e la t iv e ly u n c o m p l ic a t e d to a n a ly z e , p lan , p r o g r a m , and o p e r a t e . P r o b le m s a r e o f l im ited c o m p le x i t y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f input data a re h o m o g e n e o u s and the output data a r e c l o s e l y re la ted . ( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s s y s te m s f o r m aintain ing d e p o s i t o r a c co u n ts in a bank, m ain ta in in g a cco u n ts r e c e iv a b le in a re ta i l e s ta b l is h m e n t , o r m a in ta in in g in v en tory a ccou n ts in a m anufacturing o r w h o le s a le e s ta b l ish m e n t . ) C o n fe r s with p e r sons c o n c e r n e d to d e te rm in e the data p r o c e s s i n g p r o b l e m s and a d v i s e s s u b j e c t -m a t t e r p e r so n n e l on the im p l ic a t io n s o f the data p r o c e s s i n g s y s te m s to be app lied .

OR

W o r k s on a segm en t o f a c o m p l e x data p r o c e s s i n g s c h e m e or s y s t e m , as d e s c r i b e d f o r c la s s A . W o rk s in depen den tly on rou tin e a s s ig n m e n t s and r e c e i v e s in stru ct ion and gu idance on c o m p l e x a s s ig n m e n t s . W o r k is r e v ie w e d f o r a c c u r a c y o f ju dgm ent, c o m p l ia n c e w ith in s t r u c t io n s , and to in su re p r o p e r alignm ent with the o v e r a l l sy s te m .

C la ss C . W o r k s under im m e d ia t e s u p e r v i s i o n , c a r r y in g out a n a ly ses as a s s ig n e d , u su a lly o f a s ing le a c t iv i ty . A s s ig n m e n t s a r e d e s ig n e d to d e v e lo p and expand p r a c t i c a l e x p e r ie n c e in the a p p l ica t io n o f p r o c e d u r e s and sk i l ls r e q u ir e d for s y s te m s ana ly s is w o r k . F o r e x a m p le , m a y a s s i s t a h igh er l e v e l s y s t e m s analyst by p r e p a r in g the d e ta i le d s p e c i f i c a t io n s r e q u ir e d by p r o g r a m m e r s f r o m in form a tion d e v e lo p e d by the h ig h er l e v e l ana lyst .


C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS

C o n v e r ts s ta tem en ts o f b u s in ess p r o b le m s , t y p ic a l ly p r e p a r e d by a s y s t e m s a n a ly st , into a se q u e n c e o f deta iled in stru ct ion s w h ich a r e r e q u ir e d to s o lv e the p r o b l e m s by au tom a t ic data p r o c e s s i n g equ ip m en t. W o rk in g f r o m c h a r ts o r d i a g r a m s , the p r o g r a m m e r d e v e lop s the p r e c i s e in s t ru c t io n s w h ich , w hen en tered into the c o m p u t e r s y s te m in cod ed language , ca u se the m a n ip u la tion o f data to a c h ie v e d e s i r e d r e s u l ts . W o rk in vo lves m o s t o f the f o l low in g : A p p l ie s k n o w le d g e o f c o m p u t e r ca p a b i l i t ie s , m a t h e m a t ic s , l o g i c e m p lo y e d by c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t i c u la r su b je c t m a tter in volved to an a ly ze ch a rts and d ia g r a m s o f the p r o b l e m to be p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lop s s e q u e n ce o f p r o g r a m s te p s ; w r i t e s d e ta i le d f lo w ch a rts to show o r d e r in w h ich data w i l l be p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r t s t h e s e ch a r ts to c o d e d in stru ct ion s f o r m a ch in e to fo l lo w ; t e s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s in stru ction s f o r op er a t in g p e r s o n n e l du rin g p r o d u c t io n run; a n a ly z e s , r e v i e w s , and a lte r s p r o g r a m s to in c r e a s e o p e r a t in g e f f i c i e n c y o r adapt to new r e q u ire m e n ts ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d e v e lo p m e n t and r e v is io n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r f o r m in g boths y s t e m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g should be c la s s i f i e d as s y s t e m s analysts if th is is the sk i l l u s e d to d e t e rm in e th e ir pay.)

D o e s not in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r i ly r e s p o n s ib le f o r the m a n a g e m en t o r s u p e r v i s i o n o f o th er e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d with s c ie n t i f i c a n d /o r e n g in eer in g p r o b l e m s .

F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , p r o g r a m m e r s a r e c la s s i f i e d as fo l lo w s

C la s s A . W o r k s independently o r under on ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t io n on c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s w h ich r e q u ir e co m p e te n c e in all p h a ses o f p r o g r a m m in g c o n c e p t s and p r a c t i c e s . W o rk in g f r o m d ia g ra m s and ch a r ts w h ich identi fy the n ature o f d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a jo r p r o c e s s i n g steps to be a c c o m p l i s h e d , and the re la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n v a r io u s steps o f the p r o b l e m so lv in g rou tin e ; p lan s the fu l l ra n g e o f p r o g r a m m in g act ion s n eeded to e f f i c ie n t ly u t i l iz e the c o m p u te r s y s t e m in a ch ie v in g d e s i r e d end p r o d u c ts .

A t th is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m in g is d if f icu l t b e c a u s e c o m p u te r equipm ent m u st be o r g a n iz e d to p r o d u c e s e v e r a l in te rre la te d but d iv e r s e p r o d u c ts f r o m n u m e r o u s and d i v e r s e data e le m e n t s . A w ide v a r ie ty and e x ten s iv e n u m b e r o f in tern a l p r o c e s s i n g a c t io n s m u st o c c u r . This r e q u i r e s such a c t io n s as d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t io n s w hich can be r e u s e d , e s ta b l ish m en t o f l in kage po in ts b e tw e e n o p e r a t io n s , ad justm ents to data when p r o g r a m r e q u i r e m e n ts e x c e e d c o m p u t e r s to r a g e ca p a c i t y , and substantia l m an ipu la tion and r e s e q u e n c in g o f data e le m e n t s to f o r m a h ighly in tegrated p r o g r a m .

M a y p r o v id e fu n c t io n a l d i r e c t io n to l o w e r le v e l p r o g r a m m e r s who a r e a s s i g n e d to a s s i s t .

C la s s B . W o r k s independently o r under on ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t io n on r e la t iv e ly s im p le p r o g r a m s , o r on s im p le segm en ts o f c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n ts ) u su a l ly p r o c e s s in form ation to p r o d u c e data in two o r th re e v a r i e d s e q u e n c e s o r f o r m a t s . R e p o r ts and l is t in g s a r e p r o d u c e d by re f in in g , adap tin g , a r r a y in g , o r m aking m i n o r additions to o r d e le t io n s f r o m

C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , BUSINESS— C ontinued

input data w hich a r e re a d i ly av a i la b le . W hile n u m e ro u s r e c o r d s m ay be p r o c e s s e d , the data have been re f in e d in p r i o r act ion s so that the a c c u r a c y and seq u en c in g o f data can be te s t e d by using a few routine ch e ck s . T y p ica l ly , the p r o g r a m dea ls with rou tin e r e c o r d k e e p in g o p e r a t io n s .

OR

W o r k s on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s (as d e s c r i b e d f o r c la s s A) under c l o s e d i r e c t io n o f a h igher l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v i s o r . M ay a s s is t h igher l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r by independently p e r fo r m in g l e s s d if f icu lt tasks a ss ig n ed , and p e r fo r m in g m o r e d if f icu lt ta sk s under f a i r l y c l o s e d irec t ion .

M ay guide o r in stru ct lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s .

C la ss C. M akes p r a c t i c a l a p p l ica t ion s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t i c e s and c o n c e p t s u su a l ly le a r n e d in f o r m a l tra in in g c o u r s e s . A ss ig n m e n ts are d es ig n ed to d e v e lo p c o m p e t e n c e in the a p p lica tion o f standard p r o c e d u r e s to routine p r o b l e m s . R e c e i v e s c l o s e s u p e r v is io n on new a s p e c ts o f a ss ig n m en ts ; and w o r k is r e v ie w e d to v e r i f y its a c c u r a c y and c o n fo r m a n c e with requ ired p r o c e d u r e s .

C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R

M o n ito r s and o p e r a t e s the c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d ig ita l c om p u ter to p r o c e s s data a c c o r d in g to op er a t in g in s t r u c t io n s , u su a l ly p r e p a r e d by a p r o g r a m m e r . W o r k in c lu d es m o s t o f the f o l lo w in g : Studies in stru ct ion s tod e t e rm in e equipm ent setup and o p e r a t io n s ; lo a d s equipment with req u ired i t e m s (tape r e e l s , c a r d s , e tc . ) ; sw itch es n e c e s s a r y a u x i l ia ry equipment into c i r c u i t , and starts and o p e r a t e s co m p u te r ; m a k e s a d justm ents to com p u ter to c o r r e c t op erat in g p r o b le m s and m e e t s p e c ia l c o n d it io n s ; re v ie w s e r r o r s m ade during o p e r a t io n and d e t e r m in e s ca u se o r r e f e r s p r o b l e m to su p e r v is o r or p r o g r a m m e r ; and m ain ta in s op era t in g r e c o r d s . M ay test and a s s i s t in c o r r e c t in g p r o g r a m .

F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , c o m p u te r o p e r a t o r s a re c la s s i f i e d asfo l l o w s :

C lass A . O p e ra te s in depen den tly , o r u nder on ly g en era l d ir e c t io n , a c o m p u te r running p r o g r a m s with m o s t o f the fo l low in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : New p r o g r a m s a r e f req u en tly te s t e d and in trod u ced ; scheduling re q u irem en ts a re o f c r i t i c a l im p o r t a n c e to m i n im iz e dow n tim e ; the p r o g r a m s a re o f c o m p le x d es ign so that iden ti f ica t ion o f e r r o r s o u r c e often re q u ir e s a w orking k n ow led g e o f the to ta l p r o g r a m , and a lte rn ate p r o g r a m s m ay not be ava ilab le . M a y g iv e d i r e c t io n and gu idan ce to l o w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s .

C la ss B . O p e ra te s independently , o r u nder on ly ge n e ra l d ir e c t io n , a c o m p u te r running p r o g r a m s with m o s t o f the fo l lo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s : M o s t o f the p r o g r a m s a r e es ta b l ish e d p r o d u c t io n ru n s , ty p ica l ly run on a r e g u la r ly r e c u r r in g b a s is ; th e re is l it t le o r no tes t in g o f new p r o g r a m s re q u ir e d ; a ltern ate p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v id e d in c a s e o r ig in a l p r o g r a m needs m a j o r ch ange o r cannot be c o r r e c t e d within a re a s o n a b ly short t im e . In

23


C O M P U TE R O P E R A T O R — C ontinued

c o m m o n e r r o r s i tu a t ion s , d ia g n o se s ca u se and takes c o r r e c t i v e a c t ion . Th is u su a lly in vo lves app ly ing p r e v io u s ly p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t i v e s te p s , o r using standard c o r r e c t i o n te c h n iq u e s .

OR

O p e ra te s u nder d i r e c t s u p e r v is io n a c o m p u te r running p r o g r a m s o r segm en ts o f p r o g r a m s with the c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d e s c r i b e d f o r c la s s A . M ay a s s i s t a h igher l e v e l o p e r a t o r by independently p e r f o r m in g l e s s d if f icu l t tasks a ss ig n e d , and p e r f o r m i n g d if f icu l t ta sk s fo l low in g deta i led in s t ru c t io n s and with frequen t r e v ie w o f o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d .

C la ss C. W o r k s on routine p r o g r a m s under c l o s e s u p e r v is io n . Is exp ected to d e v e lo p w ork in g kn ow led ge o f the c o m p u te r equipm ent u se d and ab il ity to de tec t p r o b le m s in v o lv ed in running routine p r o g r a m s . U sually has r e c e iv e d s o m e f o r m a l tra in in g in c o m p u te r op e r a t io n . M a y a s s i s t h igher l e v e l o p e r a t o r on c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s .

D R A F T E R

C la s s A . P lan s the g ra p h ic p rese n ta t io n o f c o m p le x i t e m s having d is t in ct ive d es ign fe a tu r e s that d i f f e r s ign i f ican t ly f r o m es ta b l ish ed draft ing p r e c e d e n ts . W o r k s in c l o s e support with the d es ign o r ig i n a t o r , and m ay r e c o m m e n d m i n o r d es ign ch a n g es . A n a ly z e s the e f fe c t o f each change on the deta ils o f f o r m , fun ction , and p o s i t io n a l re la t ion sh ip s o f co m p o n e n ts and p a r ts . W o r k s with a m in im u m o f s u p e r v i s o r y a s s i s t a n c e . C o m p le te d w o r k is re v ie w e d by d es ig n o r ig in a to r f o r c o n s i s t e n c y with p r i o r en g in eer in g d e t e r m inations . M a y e ither p r e p a r e draw in gs o r d i r e c t th e ir p r e p a r a t io n by lo w e r le v e l d r a f te r s .

C lass B. P e r f o r m s n onrou tin e and c o m p le x draft ing a s s ig n m e n ts that r e q u ir e the a p p l ica t ion o f m o s t o f the s tan d ard ized draw in g te ch n iq u es r e g u la r ly u sed . D uties ty p ic a l ly in vo lve such w o r k as : P r e p a r e s w ork in gdraw in gs o f s u b a s s e m b l ie s with i r r e g u la r s h a p e s , m u lt ip le fu n ct ion s , and p r e c i s e p o s i t io n a l r e la t ion sh ip s betw een co m p o n e n ts ; p r e p a r e s a r c h i te c t u r a l draw in gs f o r co n s t r u c t io n o f a build ing including deta i l d raw in gs o f f o u n dat ions , w a l l s e c t i o n s , f l o o r p la n s , and r o o f . U ses a c c e p te d f o r m u la s and m anuals in m akin g n e c e s s a r y com p u tat ion s to d e t e r m in e quantit ies o f m a t e r ia ls to be u s e d , loa d c a p a c i t i e s , s tren g th s , s t r e s s e s , e tc . R e c e i v e s in itia l in s t ru c t io n s , r e q u ir e m e n t s , and a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v i s o r . C o m p le te d w o r k is ch eck ed f o r te c h n ic a l adequ acy .

C la ss C. P r e p a r e s deta i l d raw in gs o f s ing le units o r p arts f o r en g in eer in g , c o n s t r u c t io n , m a n u fa ctu r in g , o r r e p a ir p u r p o s e s . T y p e s o f d raw in gs p r e p a r e d in clude i s o m e t r i c p r o je c t i o n s (d ep ic t in g th r e e d im e n s io n s in a c cu ra te s ca le ) and se c t io n a l v iew s to c l a r i f y p os it ion in g o f com p o n e n ts and co n v e y n e ed ed in fo rm a t io n . C o n so l id a te s d e ta i ls f r o m a n u m b e r o f s o u r c e s and ad ju sts o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a le as r e q u ir e d . Su ggested m e th o d s o f a p p roa ch , a p p l ica b le p r e c e d e n t s , and a d v i c e on s o u r c e m a t e r ia ls a r e g iven with in itial a s s ig n m e n t s . In stru c t ion s a re l e s s c o m p le t e when a ss ig n m e n ts r e c u r . W o r k m a y be s p o t - c h e c k e d during p r o g r e s s .

D R A F T E R -T R A C E R

C o p ie s plans and draw ings p r e p a r e d by o th e r s by p la c in g t r a c in g c lo th o r p a p e r o v e r draw ings and t r a c in g with p en o r p e n c i l . (D oes not in clude t r a c in g l im ited to plans p r im a r i ly c o n s i s t in g o f s tra ight l in es and a la r g e s c a le not requ ir ing c l o s e delineation .)

A N D /O R

P r e p a r e s s im p le o r rep e t it ive d r aw in g s o f e a s i l y v is u a l iz e d i t e m s . W o r k is c l o s e l y su p e rv ise d during p r o g r e s s .

E L E C T R O N IC S TECHNICIAN

W o rk s on v a r iou s types o f e l e c t r o n i c equipm ent and re la te d d e v i c e s by p e r fo r m in g one o r a com bination o f the fo l lo w in g : In sta ll ing , m a in ta in in g ,re p a ir in g , overh aulin g , t r o u b le s h o o t in g , m o d i fy in g , c o n s t r u c t in g , and tes t in g . W o r k re q u ir e s p r a c t i c a l app lication o f te c h n ic a l k n ow led ge o f e l e c t r o n i c s p r in c ip l e s , ab ility to d e term in e m a l fu n c t io n s , and sk i l l to put equipm ent in r e q u ir e d operat in g condit ion .

The equipment— con s is t in g o f e ither m an y d i f f e r e n t kinds o f c i r c u i t s o r m u lt ip le repetit ion o f the sa m e kind o f c i r c u i t — in c lu d e s , but is not l im ite d t o , the f o l low in g : (a) E le c t r o n i c t ran sm itt in g and r e c e iv in g equ ipm en t ( e . g . ,r a d a r , r a d io , t e l e v is io n , te leph on e , s o n a r , n av iga t ion a l a i d s ) , (b) d ig ita l and analog c o m p u t e r s , and (c) in du stria l and m e d i c a l m e a s u r in g and c o n tr o l l in g equipm ent.

T h is c la s s i f i c a t io n e x c lu d es r e p a i r e r s o f such standard e l e c t r o n i c equipment as co m m o n o f f i c e m a ch in es and h o u se h o ld ra d io and te l e v i s i o n se ts ; p r od u c t ion a s s e m b le r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y duty is s e r v i c in g e le c t r o n ic te s t in stru m en ts ; t e c h n ic ia n s who have a d m in is t r a t iv e o r s u p e r v i s o r y re sp on s ib i l i ty ; and d r a f t e r s , d e s i g n e r s , and p r o f e s s i o n a l e n g in e e rs .

P o s i t io n s a re c la s s i f i e d into l e v e l s on the b a s is o f the f o l lo w in g d e f in i t io n s .

C lass A . A p p l ie s advance t e c h n ic a l knowlr Ige to s o lv e u nusually c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , th ose that ty p ic a l ly cannot b e so lv e d s o le ly by r e f e r en ce to m a n u fa c tu r e r s ' m anuals o r s im i l a r d oc u m en ts ) in w ork in g on e l e c t r o n i c equipm ent. E xa m p les o f such p r o b l e m s in c lud e lo c a t io n and den s ity o f c i r c u i t r y , e le c t r o m a g n e t ic rad ia t ion , is o la t in g m a l fu n c t io n s , and frequ en t en g in eer in g ch anges . W o rk in vo lves : A d e ta i led u n derstand ing o f the i n t e r re la t io n sh ip s o f c i r c u it s ; e x e r c i s in g independent ju dg m en t in p e r f o r m in g such ta sk s as m aking c ir c u it a n a ly se s , ca lcu la t in g w a v e f o r m s , t r a c in g r e l a t i o n ships in s ign al f low ; and r e g u la r ly u sin g c o m p l e x te s t in s t ru m en ts ( e . g . , dual t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , dev iation m e t e r s , p u ls e g e n e r a t o r s ) .

W o rk m ay be r e v ie w e d by s u p e r v i s o r ( fr e q u e n t ly an en g in e e r o r d e s ig n e r ) f o r g en era l c o m p l ia n c e with a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s . M ay p r o v id e te c h n ic a l gu idance to l o w e r le v e l t e c h n ic ia n s .

C la ss B . A p p l ie s c o m p r e h e n s iv e t e c h n ic a l kn ow led ge to s o lv e c o m p le x p r o b le m s ( i . e . , th ose that ty p ic a l ly can b e s o lv e d s o l e ly by p r o p e r l y in terp re t in g m a n u fa c tu r e r s ' m anuals o r s i m i l a r d o cu m en ts ) in w o rk in g on


E L E C T R O N IC S TE C H N IC IA N — C ontinued

e l e c t r o n i c eq u ip m en t . W o r k in v o lv e s : A fa m il ia r i t y with the in t e r r e la t i o n sh ips o f c i r c u i t s ; and ju d g m en t in d e term in in g w ork s e q u en ce and in s e le c t in g to o l s and te s t in g in s t r u m e n ts , u su a lly l e s s c o m p le x than th o se u se d by the c l a s s A te c h n ic ia n .

R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l gu idan ce , as r e q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v is o r o r h igher l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n , and w o r k is re v ie w e d fo r s p e c i f i c c o m p l ia n c e with a c c e p te d p r a c t i c e s and w o r k a s s ig n m e n t s . M ay p r o v id e te c h n ica l gu idan ce to l o w e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s .

C la s s C . A p p l ie s w ork in g te c h n ica l kn owledge to p e r f o r m s im p le o r rou tin e ta sk s in w o rk in g on e l e c t r o n i c equipm ent, fo l lo w in g d eta iled in s t r u c t ion s w h ich c o v e r v i r t u a l ly all p r o c e d u r e s . W ork ty p ic a l ly in v o lv es such ta sk s a s : A s s i s t in g h ig h e r l e v e l te ch n ic ia n s by p e r fo r m in g such a c t iv i t ie s asr e p la c in g c o m p o n e n t s , w ir in g c i r c u i t s , and taking te s t rea d in g s ; r e p a ir in g s im p le e l e c t r o n i c equ ip m en t ; and using to o l s and c o m m o n tes t in stru m en ts ( e . g . , m u l t im e t e r s , audio s ign al g e n e r a t o r s , tube t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) . Is not r e q u ir e d to b e f a m i l ia r with the in te rre la t io n sh ip s o f c i r c u i t s . This k n o w le d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y be a c q u ir e d through a ss ig n m e n ts d es ig n ed to i n c r e a s e c o m p e t e n c e ( in c lu d in g c l a s s r o o m training) so that w o r k e r can a dvan ce to h ig h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n .

R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l gu idan ce , as re q u ir e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h igher l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n . W o r k is ty p ic a l ly spot c h e ck e d , but is g iven d eta iled r e v ie w when n ew o r a d v a n ce d a s s ig n m e n ts a re involved.

R E G IS T E R E D IN D U S T R IA L NURSES

A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e who g ives n urs in g s e r v i c e u nder g e n e r a l m e d i c a l d i r e c t i o n to i l l o r in ju re d e m p lo y e e s o r o th er p e r s o n s who b e c o m e i l l o r s u f fe r an a cc id e n t on the p r e m i s e s o f a fa c to r y o r o th er e s ta b l ish m en t . D u t ies in v o lv e a c o m b in a t i o n o f the fo l low in g : Giving f i r s t aid to thq i l l o rin ju red ; attending to subsequen t d r e s s in g o f e m p lo y e e s ' in ju r ie s ; keeping r e c o r d s o f pat ients t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a cc id en t re p o r ts f o r c o m p e n sa t io n o r o th e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s i s t in g in p h y s ic a l exam inations and health eva luations o f a p p l ica n ts and e m p lo y e e s ; and planning and c a r r y in g out p r o g r a m s in volv in g health ed u ca t ion , a c c id e n t p r e v e n t io n , evaluation o f plant e n v iron m en t , o r o th e r a c t iv i t ie s a f fe c t in g the health, w e l fa r e , and sa fe ty o f a ll p e r so n n e l . N u rs in g s u p e r v i s o r s o r h ead n u rs e s in esta b l ish m en ts em p loy in g m o r e than on e n u r s e a r e exc lu d e d .

Maintenance, Toolroom, and PowerplantM A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R

P e r f o r m s the c a r p e n t r y duties n e c e s s a r y to c o n stru c t and m aintain in g ood r e p a i r bu ild in g w o o d w o r k and equipm ent such as b in s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s , b e n c h e s , p a r t i t i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s in g s , and t r i m m a d e o f w o o d in an e s ta b l is h m e n t . W o r k in vo lves m o s t o f the f o l l o w in g : P lanning andlay in g out o f w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in ts , d raw in g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l in s t ru c t io n s ; u s in g a v a r ie t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h an dtoo ls , por ta b le p o w e r t o o l s , and standard m e a s u r in g in s t ru m e n ts ; m ak in g standard shop com pu tation s re la t ing to d im en s ion s o f w o r k ; and s e le c t in g m a t e r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r the w o rk . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a in te n a n c e c a rp e n te r r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u su a l ly a c q u i r e d th rou g h a f o r m a l a p p ren t icesh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R IC IA N

P e r f o r m s a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l tr a d e functions such as the in s t a l la t ion , m a in ten a n ce , o r r e p a ir o f equipm ent f o r the gen era t ion , d is tr ibut ion , o r u ti l izat ion o f e l e c t r i c en e rg y in an e s ta b l ish m en t . W o rk in vo lves m ost o f the f o l l o w in g : In sta lling o r re p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r i c a l e q u ip ment such as g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , sw it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c i r c u it b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , heating units , conduit s y s t e m s , o r other t r a n s m is s io n equipm ent; w ork in g f r o m b lu e p r in ts , d r a w in g s , la y o u ts , o r other s p e c i f i ca t io n s ; lo ca t in g and d iagnos ing tr o u b le in the e l e c t r i c a l s y s te m o r e q u ip m ent; w ork in g stan dard com pu tat ion s re la t in g to load re q u ire m e n ts o f w ir in g o r e l e c t r i c a l equipm ent; and u sin g a v a r ie ty o f e l e c t r i c ia n 's handtools and m e a s u r in g and tes t in g in s t ru m en ts . In g e n e ra l , the w o r k o f the m aintenance e l e c t r i c ia n r e q u ir e s rou nd ed tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a l ly a cq u ir e d through a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

M A IN T E N A N C E P A IN T E R

Paints and r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s , w o o d w o r k , and f ix tu res o f an e s t a b l ish m en t . W o r k in v o lv e s the f o l lo w in g : K n ow led ge o f su r fa ce p e c u l ia r i t ie sand ty p e s o f paint r e q u ir e d f o r d i f fe ren t a p p l ica t ion s ; p r ep a r in g s u r fa ce for painting by r e m o v in g o ld f in ish o r by p la c in g putty o r f i l l e r in nail h o les and in t e r s t i c e s ; and applying paint with sp ra y gun o r b ru sh . M ay m ix c o l o r s , o i l s , white l e a d , and o th er paint in gred ien ts to obtain p r o p e r c o l o r o r c o n s i s t e n c y . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m ain ten an ce pa inter r e q u ire s rou nd ed tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a l ly a c q u ir e d through a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

M A IN T E N A N C E M ACHINIST

P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a rts and new p arts in m aking r e p a ir s o f m e ta l p a rts o f m e c h a n ic a l equipm ent op e r a te d in an estab lish m en t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w in g : In terpretin g w rit ten in stru ction s and s p e c i f i c a t io n s ; p lanning and lay in g out o f w o rk ; using a v a r ie ty o f m a ch in is t 's h an dtools and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in stru m en ts ; sett ing up and operat ing standard m a ch in e t o o l s ; shaping o f m e t a l p a r ts to c l o s e to l e r a n c e s ; making standard shop com p u ta t ion s re la t ing to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , to o l in g , fe e d s , and sp e e d s o f m a ch in in g ; kn ow led ge o f the w ork in g p r o p e r t i e s o f the c o m m o n m e t a ls ; s e le c t in g standard m a t e r ia l s , p a r t s , and equipm ent re q u ired fo r th is w o r k ; and f itting and a s s e m b l in g p a rts into m e c h a n ic a l equipment. In gen era l , the m a c h in is t ' s w o r k n o r m a l ly r e q u ir e s a rounded tra in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p p r a c t i c e u su a l ly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a f o r m a l ap p re n t ice sh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M ach in ery )

R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l equipment o f an estab lish m en t. W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l l o w in g : E xam inin g m a ch in e s and m e c h a n ica lequipment to d ia g n o se s o u r c e o f tr o u b le ; d ism an t l in g o r p a rt ly d ism antling m a c h in e s and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that m a in ly in vo lve the u se o f handtools in s c r a p in g and f itting p a r ts ; r e p la c in g b rok en o r d e fe c t iv e p a rts with i tem s obta in ed f r o m s tock ; o r d e r in g the p r od u c t ion o f a r ep lac em en t part by a m a ch in e shop o r sending the m a ch in e to a m ach in e shop fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p r e p a r in g w r it ten s p e c i f i c a t io n s f o r m a j o r r e p a ir s o r f o r the p rod u c t ion of p a rts o r d e r e d f r o m m a ch in e sh op s ; r e a s s e m b l in g m a c h in e s ; and m aking all n e c e s s a r y ad ju stm en ts f o r o p e r a t io n . In g e n e r a l , the w o rk o f a m a c h in e r y m ain ten a n ce m e c h a n ic r e q u i r e s rou nd ed tra in in g and e x p e r ie n ce usually


M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M a ch in e ry )— C ontinued

a c q u ir e d th rou gh a f o r m a l a p p re n t ice s h ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r i e n ce . E x c lu d ed f r o m this c la s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y duties in v o lv e setting up o r ad justing m a c h in e s .

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M o to r V e h ic le s )

R e p a ir s a u t o m o b i le s , b u s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b l ish m en t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo l lo w in g : E xam in in g a u tom ot ive e q u ip m ent to d ia g n o se s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d i s a s s e m b l in g equipm ent and p e r fo r m in g r e p a i r s that in v o lv e the u se o f such han dtools as w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s , d r i l l s , o r s p e c ia l i z e d equipm ent in d i s a s s e m b l in g o r fitt ing p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b rok en o r d e fe c t iv e p a r ts f r o m s tock ; grin din g and ad justing v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b l in g and insta ll ing the v a r io u s a s s e m b l i e s in the v e h ic le and m aking n e c e s s a r y a d ju stm en ts ; and a lign ing w h e e l s , adjusting b r a k e s and l ig h ts , o r t ightening body b o lts . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m o t o r v e h ic le m a in ten a n ce m e c h a n ic r e q u ir e s rou n d ed tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u su a l ly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a f o r m a l a p p re n t ice sh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

This c la s s i f i c a t i o n does not in c lude m e c h a n i c s w ho r e p a ir c u s t o m e r s ' v e h i c l e s in a u to m o b i le r e p a ir sh op s .

M A IN T E N A N C E P I P E F I T T E RInstalls o r r e p a ir s w a te r , s te a m , g a s , o r o th er ty pes o f p ip e and

p ipefi tt ings in an es ta b l ish m e n t . W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the f o l low in g : Layingout w o r k and m e a s u r in g to l o c a t e p o s i t io n o f p ip e f r o m d raw in gs o r oth er w r it ten s p e c i f i c a t io n s ; cutting v a r io u s s i z e s o f p ip e to c o r r e c t lengths with c h i s e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y le n e t o r c h o r p ip e -c u t t in g m a c h in e s ; threading pipe with s to c k s and d ie s ; bending p ip e by h a n d -d r iv e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b l in g p ip e with c ou p l in g s and fasten in g p ip e to h an g e rs ; m aking standard shop com p u ta t ion s re la t ing to p r e s s u r e s , f lo w , and s iz e o f p ip e r e q u ire d ; and m aking standard te s t s to d e t e rm in e w hether f in ish ed p ip es m e e t s p e c i f i c a t io n s . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m a in ten a n ce p ip e f i t t e r r e q u ir e s rou nded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a l ly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a f o r m a l a p p re n t ice sh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . W o r k e r s p r i m a r i l y en gaged in in sta ll in g and r e p a ir in g build ing san itation o r heating s y s te m s a r e e x c lu d e d .

M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K E R

F a b r i c a t e s , in s t a l ls , and m ain ta in s in go o d r e p a i r the s h e e t -m e t a l equipm ent and f ix tu re s ( su ch as m a ch in e g u a rd s , g r e a s e p an s , s h e lv e s , l o c k e r s , tan ks , v e n t i la t o r s , ch u tes , d u c ts , m e ta l roo f in g ) o f an es ta b l ish m e n t . W o r k in vo lves m o s t o f the fo l lo w in g : Planning and lay in g out a ll ty pes o fs h e e t -m e t a l m a in ten a n ce w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in ts , m o d e l s , o r o th e r s p e c i f i c a t io n s ; sett ing up and op er a t in g a l l a v a i la b le ty pes o f s h e e t -m e t a l w o rk in g m a c h in e s ; u s in g a v a r ie t y o f handtools in cutt ing , ben d in g , f o r m in g , shaping, f itt ing , and a s s e m b l in g ; and in sta ll in g s h e e t -m e t a l a r t i c l e s as r e q u ir e d . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f the m ain ten a n ce s h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u su a l ly a c q u ir e d th rou gh a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

M IL L W R IG H T

Insta lls new m a c h in e s o r h eav y equ ip m en t , and d is m a n t le s and in sta l ls m a ch in e s o r h eavy equipm ent when ch a n ges in the plant layout a re r e q u ir e d . W o r k in v o lv es m o s t o f the f o l l o w in g : P lanning and lay in g out

M IL L W R IG H T — Continued

w ork ; in terp retin g b lueprin ts o r other s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f han d- t o o l s and r igg in g ; m aking standard shop com p u ta t ion s re la t ing to s t r e s s e s , strength o f m a t e r ia ls , and c e n te rs o f g ra v ity ; a lign ing and ba lan cin g e q u ip m ent; se le c t in g standard t o o l s , equ ipm en t, and p a rts to be u sed ; and in sta ll in g and m aintain ing in good o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m is s i o n equipm ent such as d r iv e s and sp eed r e d u c e r s . In g e n e ra l , the m i l lw r ig h t ' s w o r k n o r m a l ly r e q u ir e s a rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e in the tr a d e a c q u ir e d th rou gh a f o r m a l a p p re n t ice sh ip o r equivalent train ing and e x p e r i e n c e .

M A IN T E N A N C E TR A D E S H E L P E R

A s s i s t s one o r m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k i l le d m ain ten a n ce t r a d e s , by p e r fo r m in g s p e c i f i c o r ge n e ra l duties o f l e s s e r s k i l l , such as keep in g a w o r k e r supplied with m a te r ia ls and t o o l s ; c lea n in g w ork in g a r e a , m a c h in e , and equipm ent; a ss is t in g jou rn eym a n by hold in g m a t e r ia ls o r t o o l s ; and p e r f o r m in g oth er u nsk il led tasks as d i r e c t e d by jo u r n e y m a n . The kind o f w o r k the h e lp e r is p e r m it ted to p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m tr a d e to t r a d e : In s o m etr a d e s the h e lp e r is con fin ed to supply ing , l i f t in g , and h olding m a t e r ia ls and t o o l s , and clean ing w ork in g a r e a s ; and in o th e r s he is p e r m it te d to p e r f o r m s p e c ia l i z e d m ach in e o p e r a t io n s , o r p a rts o f a t r a d e that a re a ls o p e r f o r m e d by w o r k e r s on a fu l l - t i m e b a s is .

M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R (TO O LR O O M )

S p e c ia l iz e s in operat in g one o r m o r e than one type o f m a ch in e to o l ( e .g . , j i g b o r e r , gr inding m a ch in e , engine la the , m i l l in g m ach in e ) to m ach in e m e ta l for u se in m aking o r m ain ta in in g j i g s , f ix t u r e s , cutting t o o l s , g a u g es , o r m eta l d ies o r m o ld s u sed in shaping o r f o r m in g m e ta l o r n on m e ta l l i c m a t e r ia l ( e .g . , p la s t ic , p la s t e r , r u b b e r , g la s s ) . W o r k ty p ic a l ly in v o lv e s : Planning and p e r fo r m in g d i f f icu l t m ach in in g o p e r a t io n s w h ichr e q u ir e c o m p l i c a t e d setups o r a high d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; setting up m a ch in e to o l o r t o o l s ( e .g . , insta ll cutting t o o l s and adjust g u id e s , s to p s , w ork in g t a b le s , and other c o n tr o ls to handle the s iz e o f s to c k to be m a ch in ed ; d e te rm in e p r o p e r f e e d s , sp e e d s , t o o l in g , and o p e r a t io n s e q u e n ce o r . s e le c t th o se p r e s c r i b e d in d raw in g s , b lu ep r in ts , o r la y ou ts ) ; using a v a r ie t y o f p r e c i s i o n m ea su r in g in stru m en ts ; m aking n e c e s s a r y ad ju stm en ts during m ach in in g op era t ion to a ch iev e req u is i te d im e n s io n s to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s . M ay be r e q u ir e d to s e le c t p r o p e r co o la n ts and cutting and lu b r ica t in g o i l s , to r e c o g n iz e when to o ls n eed d r e s s in g , and to d r e s s t o o l s . In g e n e r a l , the w o r k o f a m a c h in e - t o o l o p e r a t o r ( t o o l r o o m ) at the sk i l l l e v e l c a l l e d f o r in this c la s s i f i c a t io n re q u ir e s extensive k n ow led g e o f m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e usually a cq u ir e d through c o n s i d e r a b le o n - t h e - j o b tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , th is c la s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s not include m a c h in e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s ( t o o lr o o m ) e m p lo y e d in t o o l and die jobb in g shops .

T O O L AN D DIE M A K E R

C on stru cts and r e p a ir s j i g s , f i x t u r e s , cutting t o o l s , g a u g e s , o r m eta l d ie s o r m olds u sed in shaping o r f o r m in g m e ta l o r n o n m e ta l l i c m a t e r ia l ( e .g . , p la s t ic , p la s t e r , r u b b e r , g la s s ) . W o r k ty p ic a l ly i n v o l v e s ; Planning and laying out w o r k a c c o r d in g to m o d e l s , b lu e p r in ts , d r a w in g s , o r o th er w r it ten o r o ra l s p e c i f i c a t io n s ; u n derstand ing the w ork in g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m eta ls and a l lo y s ; s e le c t in g a p p ro p r ia te m a t e r ia l s , t o o l s , and


T O O L AN D DIE M A K E R — C ontinued

p r o c e s s e s r e q u i r e d to c o m p le t e ta sk s ; m aking n e c e s s a r y shop com p u ta t ion s ; sett ing up and o p e r a t in g v a r io u s m ach in e to o ls and re la ted equipm ent; using v a r io u s t o o l and die m a k e r ' s handtools and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t ru m en ts ; w ork in g to v e r y c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; h eat -t rea t in g m eta l p a r ts and f in ish ed to o ls and d ies to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d qua l it ies ; fitting and a s se m b l in g p a rts to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s and a l lo w a n c e s . In g e n e ra l , the t o o l and d ie m a k e r ' s w o r k r e q u i r e s rou n d ed tra in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o l r o o m p r a c t i c e u su a l ly a c q u ir e d th ro u g h f o r m a l ap p re n t ice sh ip o r equivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w age study p u r p o s e s , this c la s s i f i c a t i o n d oes not in c lu d e t o o l and d ie m a k e r s who (1) a re em p loyed in t o o l and d ie jobb in g shop s o r (2) p r o d u c e f o r g in g d ies (d ie s in k er s ) .

S T A T IO N A R Y EN G IN E E R

O p e r a t e s and m ain ta in s and m a y a lso s u p e r v is e the o p e r a t io n o f s ta t ion a ry en g in es and equipm ent (m e c h a n ic a l o r e le c t r i c a l ) to supply the es ta b l ish m e n t in w h ich e m p lo y e d with p o w e r , heat, r e f r i g e r a t i o n , o r a i r - c on d it ion in g . W o r k in v o lv e s : O perat ing and m aintain ing equipm ent such ass te a m e n g in e s , a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , ventilat ing and r e f r ig e r a t in g eq u ip m en t , s tea m b o i l e r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a te r pu m p s ; m ak in g equ ip m en t r e p a i r s ; and keepin g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y , t e m p e r a t u r e , and fu e l c on su m p t ion . M ay a lso s u p e rv is e th e s e o p e r a t io n s . H ead o r c h ie f e n g in e e r s in e s ta b l ish m en ts em ploy in g m o r e than one en g in eer a r e e x c lu d e d .

B O IL E R T E N D E R

F i r e s s ta t io n a ry b o i l e r s to furn ish the esta b l ish m en t in w hich e m p lo y e d w ith h eat , p o w e r , o r s team . F eed s fuels to f i r e by hand o r o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n i c a l s t o k e r , ga s , o r o i l b u rn er ; and c h e c k s w a ter and sa fe ty v a lv e s . M a y c le a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in rep a ir ing b o i l e r r o o m equipm ent.

Material Movement and Custodial

T R U C K D R IV E R

D r iv e s a t r u c k within a c ity o r in du stria l a r e a to t r a n s p o r t m a t e r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e , eq u ip m en t , o r w o r k e r s between v a r io u s ty p es o f e s t a b l is h m e n ts such as ; M a n u fa ctu r in g p lan ts , f re igh t d ep ots , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o l e sa le a n d r e t a i l e s ta b l i s h m e n ts , o r betw een re ta i l e s ta b l ish m en ts and c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p l a c e s o f b u s in e s s . M ay a lso lo a d o r unload t r u c k with o r without h e l p e r s , m a k e m i n o r m e c h a n ica l r e p a ir s , and k e e p t r u c k in good w o rk in g o r d e r . S a le s r o u te and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r iv e r s a r e e x c lu d e d .

F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r iv e r s a re c l a s s i f i e d by s iz e and ty pe o f eq u ip m en t , as f o l l o w s : ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r should be ra ted on the b a s iso f t r a i l e r ca p a c i ty . )

T r u c k d r i v e r , light t r u c k (under l V 2 tons)T r u c k d r i v e r , m e d iu m tr u c k ( I V 2 to and including 4 tons)T r u c k d r i v e r , h e a v y tr u c k ( tra i le r ) (o v e r 4 tons)T r u c k d r i v e r , h e av y tr u ck (o th er than tr a i le r ) ( o v e r 4 tons)

SH IPPING AN D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K

P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e f o r sh ip m en t, o r r e c e i v e s and is r e s p o n s ib le f o r in co m in g sh ip m en ts 01 m e r c h a n d is e o r o th er m a t e r ia ls . Shipping w o rk in v o lv e s : A kn ow led ge o f shipping p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t i c e s , r ou tes , ava ilab lem ea n s o f tr a n s p o r t a t io n , and r a te s ; and p r e p a r in g r e c o r d s o f the good s sh ipped , m aking up b i l l s o f lad in g , p os t in g w eight and shipping c h a r g e s , and keeping a f i le o f shipping r e c o r d s . M ay d ir e c t o r a s s i s t in p r ep a r in g the m e r c h a n d is e f o r sh ipm en t. R e c e iv in g w o r k in v o lv e s : V e r i fy in g o r d irec t in go th e rs in v e r i fy in g the c o r r e c t n e s s o f sh ipm en ts against b i l ls o f lading, in v o i c e s , o r o th er r e c o r d s ; ch eck in g f o r sh o r ta g e s and re je c t in g dam aged g o o d s ; routing m e r c h a n d is e o r m a t e r ia ls to p r o p e r dep artm en ts ; and m a in taining n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f i l e s .

F o r w a g e study p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a re c la s s i f i e d as fo l lo w s :

Shipping c l e r kR e c e iv in g c l e r kShipping and r e c e iv in g c l e r k

W A R E H O U SE M A NA s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r ie ty o f w a reh ou s in g duties w hich req u ire

an u nderstand ing o f the e s ta b l is h m e n t 's s to ra g e p la n . W o rk in volves m ost o f the f o l l o w in g : V e r i fy in g m a t e r ia ls ( o r m e r c h a n d is e ) against re ce iv in gd o c u m e n t s , noting and re p o r t in g d i s c r e p a n c i e s and ob v iou s d a m a ges ; routing m a t e r ia ls to p r e s c r i b e d s to r a g e lo c a t io n s ; s to r in g , s tack in g , o r pa llet iz in g m a t e r ia ls in a c c o r d a n c e with p r e s c r i b e d s to ra g e m e th o d s ; rea rra n g in g and taking in v en tory o f s to r e d m a t e r ia l s ; exam ining s to re d m a t e r ia ls and rep o r t in g d e t e r io r a t io n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v in g m a t e r ia l f r o m s tora g e and p r e p a r in g it f o r sh ip m en t. M ay o p e r a t e hand o r p o w e r t r u ck s in p e r fo r m in g w a re h o u s in g du ties .

E x c lu d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u t i e s in volve shipping and r e c e iv in g w o r k ( s e e Shipping and R e c e iv in g C le r k and Shipping P a c k e r ) , o r d e r f i l l in g ( s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ) , o r op erat in g pow er t r u c k s ( s e e P o w e r - T r u c k O p e r a t o r ) .

O R D E R F I L L E R

F i l l s shipping o r t r a n s fe r o r d e r s f o r f in ish ed good s f r o m s tored m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e with s p e c i f i c a t io n s on sa le s s l ip s , c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r o th er in s t ru c t io n s . M a y , in addition to f i l l in g o r d e r s and in d i cating i t e m s f i l le d o r o m it te d , k eep r e c o r d s o f outgoing o r d e r s , requ is i t ion add it iona l s to c k o r r e p o r t sh ort sup p lies to s u p e r v i s o r , and p e r f o r m other re la te d du ties .

SHIPPING P A C K E RP r e p a r e s f in ish e d p r o d u c ts f o r sh ipm ent o r s to ra g e by p lac in g them

in shipping c o n t a in e r s , the s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d being dependent upon the ty p e , s i z e , and n u m be r o f units to be p a ck e d , the type o f con ta in er e m p lo y e d , and m eth od o f sh ip m en t. W o r k r e q u ir e s the p la c in g o f i tem s in shipping c o n ta in e rs and m a y in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w in g : K nowledgeo f v a r io u s i t e m s o f s to c k in o r d e r to v e r i f y content; s e le c t io n o f app ropr ia te ty pe and s iz e o f c o n ta in e r ; in ser t in g e n c l o s u r e s in co n ta in er ; using e x c e l s i o r o r o th er m a t e r ia l to p r e v e n t b re a k a g e o r d am age ; c lo s in g and sea ling c o n ta in e r ; and app ly ing la b e ls o r en ter in g identi fy ing data on con ta in er . P a c k e r s w ho a lso m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e exc lu d ed .


M A T E R IA L H AN D LIN G L A B O R E R

A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m an u factu r in g plant, s t o r e , o r o th e r e s tab l ish m en t w h o s e duties in vo lve on e o r m o r e o f the f o l l o w in g : Loading and u nloading v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls and m e r c h a n d is e on o r f r o m fre igh t c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o th er t r a n s p o r t in g d e v i c e s ; u npack in g , sh e lv in g , o r p la c in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r s t o r a g e lo c a t io n ; and tr a n sp o r t in g m a t e r ia ls o r m e r c h a n d is e by h an dtru ck , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w . L o n g s h o r e w o r k e r s , who loa d and unload sh ip s , a r e e x c lu d e d .

P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R

O p e ra te s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o l le d g a s o l i n e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d tr u c k o r t r a c t o r to t r a n s p o r t good s and m a t e r ia ls o f a l l kinds about a w a r e h o u s e , m an ufactu rin g plant, o r o th er e s ta b l ish m en t .

F o r w age study p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d by ty pe o f p o w e r - t r u ck , as f o l l o w s :

F o r k l i f t o p e r a t o rP o w e r - t r u c k o p e r a t o r (o th er than fork l i f t )

G U ARD AN D W ATCH M AN

G u a rd . P e r f o r m s routine p o l i c e d u t ie s , e i th er at f ix e d p o s t o r on to u r , m aintain ing o r d e r , using a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y . In c ludes gu ards who a r e stationed at gate and c h e c k on iden tity o f e m p lo y e e s and o th er p e r s o n s entering.

W atchm an. M akes rounds o f p r e m i s e s p e r i o d i c a l l y in p r o te c t in g p r o p e r t y against f i r e , theft , and i l le g a l en try .

JA N IT O R , P O R T E R , OR C L E A N E R

C lean s and keeps in an o r d e r l y con d it io n f a c t o r y w ork in g a r e a s and w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , ap artm en t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r i c a l o r o th er estab l ish m en t . D uties in vo lve a c o m b in a t io n o f the f o l l o w in g : Sw eep ing , m opping o r s cru b b in g , and p o l i sh in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g ch ip s , t r a s h , and o th e r re fu s e ; dusting equipm ent, fu rn itu re , o r f ix tu r e s ; p o l ish in g m e ta l f ix tu re s o r t r im m in g s ; p r o v id in g sup p lies and m i n o r m a in ten a n ce s e r v i c e s ; and c lea n in g la v a to r ie s , s h o w e r s , and r e s t r o o m s . W o r k e r s who s p e c ia l i z e in w in dow washing a re exc lu ded .


Area Wage Surveys

A lis t o f the latest bulletins available is presented below . Bulletins m ay be pu rch ased fro m any o f the BLS regional o ffices shown on the back c o v e r , or from the Superintendent of Docum ents, U.S. Governm ent Printing O ffice , W ashington, D .C . 20402. Make checks payable to Superintendent of D ocum ents. A d ire c to ry o f occupational wage su rveys, coverin g the years 1970 through 1976, is availab le on request.

Bulletin numberA rea and p r ice *

A k r o n , O h io , D e c . 1 9 7 7 _______________________ ______ ___________ 1 9 5 0 -7 0 , 80 centsAlbany—S ch enectady—T r o y , N .Y . , Sept. 1977 ------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -5 2 , 80 centsA n ah e im —Santa Ana—G a rd en G r o v e ,

C a l i f . , O c t . 1 9 7 7 _________________________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -6 0 , $ 1 .0 0A t lan ta , G a . , M a y 1 9 7 7 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -1 7 , $ 1 .2 0B a l t im o r e , M d . , A u g . 1 9 7 7 ______________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -3 9 , $ 1 .2 0B i l l in g s , M o n t . , Ju ly 1 9 7 7 * _____________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 0 , $ 1 .0 0B ir m in g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1978__________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -1 5 , 80 centsB o s to n , M a s s . , A u g . 1977 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -5 0 , $ 1 .2 0B u ffa lo , N .Y . , O c t . 1977 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -5 8 , $ 1 .0 0Canton, O h io , M ay 1977 1 ________________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -2 8 , $ 1 .1 0C h attan ooga , T enn.—G a . , Sept. 1977 ----------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -4 4 , 70 cen tsC h ica g o , 111., M a y 1977 1........................................................................... 1 9 5 0 -4 1 , $ 1 .4 0C in c in n a t i , O hio—Ky.—Ind., July 1977 1 ------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -4 5 , $ 1 .2 0C le v e la n d , O h io , Sept. 1977 1 ----------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -5 3 , $ 1 .4 0C o lu m b u s , O h io , O c t . 1 9 7 7 ______________________________________ 19 5 0-6 4 , $ 1 .0 0C o rp u s C h r is t i , T e x . , July 1977 1 _____________________________ 1 9 5 0 -3 5 , $ 1 .0 0D a l l a s - F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O c t . 1 977__________________ ________ 1 9 5 0 -6 5 , $ 1 .2 0D avenport—R o c k Is landr-M oline , Iowa—111., F eb . 1 978 ---------- 2 0 2 5 -6 , 70 centsD ayton , O h io , D e c . 1977 1________________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -7 1 , $ 1 .1 0D aytona B e a c h , F l a . , A u g . 1977 1______________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 3 , $ 1 .0 0D en v er—B o u l d e r , C o lo . , D e c . 1977 1___________________________ 1 9 5 0 -7 4 , $ 1 .4 0D e t r o i t , M ic h . , M a r . 1 9 7 8 _______________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -1 1 , $ 1 .2 0F r e s n o , C a l i f . , June 1977 _______________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -3 0 , 70 centsG a in e s v i l l e , F l a . , Sept. 1977 1---------------------------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -4 6 , $ 1 .0 0G r e e n B a y , W i s . , July 1 9 7 7 - ................................... .............................. 1 9 5 0 -3 6 , 70 centsG r e e n s b o r o - W i n s t o n - S a l e m —H igh P o in t ,

N .C . , A ug. 1977 1 ________________________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 2 , $ 1 .1 0G r e e n v i l l e —S p arta n b u rg , S .C . , June 1977 ------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -3 3 , 70 centsH a r t f o r d , C on n . , M a r . 1978 1___________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -1 4 , $ 1 .2 0H ou ston , T e x . , A u g . 1977 1 ______________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -4 8 , $ 1 .4 0H u n ts v i l le , A l a . , F e b . 1 9 7 8 -------------------------------------------------------- 2 0 2 5 -4 , 70 centsIn d ia n a p o l is , Ind ., O c t . 1 9 7 7 ____________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -5 6 , $ 1 .0 0J a c k s o n , M i s s . , Jan. 1 9 7 8 _______________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -1 , 70 centsJ a c k s o n v i l l e , F la . , D e c . 1 9 7 7 __________________________________ 1 9 5 0 -6 7 , 70 centsK an sas City , M o .—K a n s . , Sept. 1 9 7 7 ___________________________ 1 9 5 0 -5 4 , $ 1 .0 0L o s A n g e le s —L ong B e a c h , C a l i f . , O ct . 1 977 --------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -6 1 , $ 1 .2 0L o u i s v i l l e , K y.—Ind., N ov . 1977 1______________________________ 1 9 5 0 -6 6 , $ 1 .2 0M e m p h is , Tenn.—A r k .—M i s s ., N ov . 1977 -------------------------------- 1 9 5 0 -6 3 , 70 cen ts

Bulletin numberA rea and p r ice *

M ia m i , F la . , O ct . 1 9 7 7 _________________________________________ 1950-57 , $ 1 .00M ilw a u k ee , W is . , A p r . 1977 ___________________________________ 1950-14 , $ 1 .1 0M in n ea p o l is—St. P au l, Minn.—W i s . , Jan. 1978 1_____________ 2 0 2 5 -2 , $ 1 .40N assau —Suffolk , N .Y . , June 1977 ______________________________ 1950-27 , $ 1 .00N ew a rk , N .J . , Jan. 1978 1 _______________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -7 , $1 .40N ew O r le a n s , L a . , Jan. 1 9 7 8 __________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -5 , $ 1 .00N ew Y o r k , N .Y ^ -N .J . , M ay 1 9 7 7 ........... ........................................... . 1950-31 , $ 1 .20N or fo lk —V ir g in ia B each —P o r ts m o u th , Va.—

N .C . , M ay 1977 _________________________________________________ 1950-20 , 70 centsN o r fo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h -P o r t s m o u t h and

N ew port N ew s—H am pton , V a .—N .C . , M ay 1 9 7 7____________ 1950-21 , 70 centsN orth ea st P en n sy lv a n ia , A ug. 1977 1__________________________ 1950-38 , $ 1 .1 0O klah om a C ity , O k la . , A ug. 1977 1 ____________________________ 1950-49 , $ 1 .1 0O m ah a , N e b r . - I o w a , O ct . 1977 1 ........................................................ 1950-55 , $ 1 .10P a te rso n —Clifton—P a s s a i c , N .J . , June 1977 __________________ 1 950-34 , 70 centsP h ila d e lp h ia , P a . - N . J . , Nov. 1 9 7 7 ____________________________ 1950-62 , $ 1 .20P it tsb u rg h , P a . , Jan. 1 9 7 8________ ____________________________ 2 0 2 5 -3 , $ 1 .10P or t la n d , M a in e , D e c . 1 9 7 7 ___________________________________ 1950-69 , 70 centsP or t la n d , O r e g . - W a s h . , M ay 1977 1........... ...................................... 1950-32 , $ 1 .20P o u g h k e e p s ie , N .Y . , June 1977 _______________________________ 1950-25 , 70 centsP o u g h k eep s ie—K ingston—N e w b u r g h , N .Y . , June 1 9 7 6 _______ 1 900-55 , 55 centsP r o v id e n c e —W a rw ick —P a w t u c k e t , R .I .—

M a s s . , June 1977 1 ____________________________________ _________ 1950-22 , $ 1 .20R ic h m o n d , V a . , June 1977 1 ____________________________________ 1950-23 , $ 1 .1 0St. L o u is , M o .—111., M a r . 1978 ________________________________ 20 2 5-1 3 , $ 1 .2 0S a cra m e n to , C a l i f . , D ec . 1977 1_______________________________ 1950-72 , $ 1 .0 0Saginaw, M ic h . , N ov . 1 9 7 7 -------------------------------------- --------- -------- 1950-59 , 70 centsSalt Lake City—O gden , Utah, N ov . 1977______________________ 1950-68 , 80 centsSan A n ton io , T e x . , M ay 1977 1 _________________________________ 1950-24 , $ 1 .10San D ie g o , C a l i f . , N ov . 1977 1_________________________________ 1950-73 , $ 1 .10San F r a n c i s c o —O akland, C a l i f . , M a r . 1978 1__________________ 2 0 2 5 -1 0 , $ 1 .4 0San J o s e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1 9 7 8 1............................................................ . 2 0 2 5 -9 , $ 1 .20Seattle—E v e r e t t , W a s h . , D e c . 1977____________________________ 1 950-75 , 80 centsSouth B en d, Ind., A ug. 1977 1 __________________________________ 1950-51 , $ 1 .1 0T o le d o , Ohio—M ic h . , M ay 1 9 7 7 ________________________________ 1950-18 , 80 centsT r e n to n , N .J . , Sept. 1 9 7 7 _______________________________________ 1950-47 , 70 centsU t ica ^ R o m e , N .Y . , J u l y m ? 1 ________________________________ 1950-37 , $ 1 .1 0W ash in gton , D .C . -M d ^ -V a . , M a r . 1978 1_____________________ 20 2 5-1 2 , $ 1 .4 0W ic h ita , K a n s . , A p r . 1977 1 ____________________________________ 1950-16 , $ 1 .10W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , A p r . 1977 _________________________________ 1950-15 , 70 centsY o r k , P a . , F e b . 1978 1__________________________________________ 2 0 2 5 -8 , $ 1 .1 0

Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change. Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.


U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212Official Business Penalty for private use, $300

Bureau off Labor Statistics Regional Offffices

Region I

1603 JFK Federal Building Government Center Boston, Mass. 02203 Phone: 223-6761 (AreaCode617)

ConnecticutMaineMassachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Vermont

Region II

Suite 34001515 BroadwayNew York, N Y. 10036Phone: 399-5406 (AreaCode212)

New Jersey New York Puerto Rico Virgin Islands

Region lit

3535 Market Street,P.O. Box 13309Philadelphia, Pa. 19101Phone: 596-1154 (AreaCode215)

DelawareDistrict of ColumbiaMarylandPennsylvaniaVirginiaWest Virginia

Region V

9th Floor, 230 S. Dearborn St.Chicago, III. 60604Phone: 353-1880 (AreaCode312)

IllinoisIndianaMichiganMinnesotaOhioWisconsin

Region VI

Second Floor555 Griffin Square BuildingDallas, Tex. 75202Phone: 749-3516 (AreaCode214)

Arkansas Louisiana New Mexico Oklahoma Texas

Regions Vil and VIIIFederal Office Building 911 Walnut St., 15th Floor Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: 374-2481 (AreaCode816)

VII VIIIIowa ColoradoKansas MontanaMissouri North DakotaNebraska South Dakota

UtahWyoming

Postage and Fees Paid U.S. Department of Labor

Third Class MailLab-441

Region IV

Suite 540>371 Peachtree St., N.E.Atlanta. Ga. 30309 Phone:881-4418 (Area Code 404)

Alabama Florida Georgia Kentucky Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee

Regions IX and X450 Golden Gate Ave.Box 36017San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone:556-4678 (Area Code 415)

IX XArizona AlaskaCalifornia IdahoHawaii OregonNevada Washington


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