Union Wages and Hours Building Trades July 1, 1961 and Trend 1907—61 Bulletin No. 1316 April 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 35 cents Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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Union Wages and Hours Building Trades
July 1, 1961
and
Trend 1907—61
Bulletin No. 1316April 1962
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 35 cents
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Preface
The Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts annual surveys of union wage rates and scheduled hours of work for specified crafts or jobs as provided in labor-management agreements in selected cities in four industries: Building construction, printing, local transit, and local trucking. The studies present the wage rates in effect as of July 1 of each year, as reported to the Bureau by the appropriate local labor organizations in each of the cities.
Information on the union scales and hours prevailing in each city is available in October of each year upon request to the Bureau’s regional offices. A nationwide summary report of these rates in the building construction trades was issued in January 1962. This bulletin provides additional data and indexes of the trend of wages and hours for the period 1907—61. It was prepared by Thomas C. Mobley under the direction of John F. Laciskey of the Bureau’ s Division of Wages and Industrial Relations.
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Contents
Page
Summary _____________________________________________________________________________ 1Scope and method of study __________________________________________________________ 1Wage scale changes _________________________________________________________________ 2Hourly wage scales -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3City and regional variations ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3Standard workweek __________________________________________________________________ 4Health, insurance, and pension plans --------------------------------------------------------------------- 4Union scales by city and trade --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
Tables:
1. Indexes of union hourly wage rates in the building trades, 1907—61 _____ 62. Indexes of union hourly wage rates in each building trade, 1907—61 ------- 73. Increases in rates in the building trades, July 1, I960—July 1, 1961,
and average union hourly wage rates, July 1, 1961 _____________________ 94. Percent changes in union wage rates and percent of building-trades
workers affected, July 1, I960—July 1, 1961 -------------------------------------------- 95. Cents-per-hour increases in union wage rates and percent of
building-trades workers affected, July 1, I960—July 1, 1961 __________ 106. Increases in union wage rates in the building trades by region and
city, July 1, I960—July 1, 1961 ----------------------------------------------------------------- 117. Distribution of union members in the building trades by hourly
wage rates, July 1, 1961 __________________________________________________ 128. Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades by city
and population group, July 1, 1961 ------------------------------------------------------------ 139. Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades by region,
July 1, 1961 _________________________________________________________________ 1410. Indexes of union weekly hours in the building trades, 1907—61 __________ 1411. Indexes of union weekly hours in each building trade, 1907—61 __________ 1512. Distribution of union members in the building trades by straight-time
weekly hours, July 1, 1961 ________________________________________________ 1713. Union scales of wages and hours and employer insurance, pension,
and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
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Union Wages and Hours: Building Trades, July 1, 1961
Summary
Wage sca les o f unionized building-trades w orkers advanced an average o f 15 cents an hour, or 4 percent, in cit ies o f 100, 000 or m ore population between July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961, accord in g to the 55th annual survey o f union sca les in the building trades by the Bureau o f Labor Statistics. Tw o- thirds o f the 33 trades surveyed record ed advances o f 13 to 17 cents in their average hourly sca le during the year.
Labor-m anagem ent contract provisions which becam e effective since July 1, I960,resulted in scale in crea ses fo r nine-tenths o f the building tradesm en covered by the survey. Hourly sca les rose 15 to 20 cents fo r three-eighths o f the w orkers, 10 to 15 cents fo r a fourth, and 20 to 25 cents fo r a seven th .1 Scales advanced at least 25 cents an hour fo r a twelfth o f the w orkers.
On July 1, 1961, union hourly sca lesaveraged $3 . 83 for all bu ilding-trades w ork ers com bined, $ 4 .0 2 fo r journeym en, and $ 3. 06 for helpers and la b orers . Half o f the journeym en had negotiated sca les ranging from $ 3 .7 0 to $ 4 .2 0 an hour and a s im ilar proportion o f helpers and la b orers had sca les o f $ 2. 80 to $ 3. 30.
The average straight-tim e workweek r e mained unchanged at 39 .3 hours fo r a ll bu ilding-trades w orkers com bined. The m ost com m on schedule, 40 hours, prevailed fo r 7 o f every 8 building tradesm en.
Health and insurance program s w ere provided in labor-m anagem ent contracts app licable to slightly m ore than three-fourths o f the w ork ers. Pension plans w ere s p e c ified in contracts coverin g half o f the building craftsm en .
1 F or ease of reading in this and su bsequent d iscussions o f tabulations, the lim its o f the cla ss intervals are designated, fo r exam ple, 15 to 20 cents, 4 to 5 percent, etc. , instead o f using the m ore p rec ise term in ology, "15 and under 20 cents, 4 and under 5 percent, M etc.
Scope and Method o f Study
Union sca les are those agreed upon through co lle ctive bargaining between trade unions and em ployers , and defined as (1) the basic (m inimum) wage sca les (excluding h o liday, vacation, or other benefit payments r e g u larly made o r cred ited to the w orker each pay period) and (2) the m axim um schedules of hours at straight-tim e rates . Rates in excess o f the negotiated m inim um , which may be paid fo r specia l qualifications or other reason s, are not included.
The in form ation presented in this bu lle tin was based on union sca les in e ffect on July 1, 1961, and covered approxim ately635, 000 journeym en and 160, 000 helpers and laborers in 52 c ities with populations o f 100, 000 or m ore . Data w ere obtained p r im arily from lo ca l union o ffic ia ls by m ail questionnaire; in som e instances, Bureau econom ists v isited lo ca l union o ffic ia ls to o b tain the d esired inform ation.
The current survey was designed to r e flect union wage sca les in the building con struction industry in a ll c it ies o f 100, 000 or m ore population. 2 A ll c it ies o f a half m illion or m ore population w ere included, as w ere m ost c it ies in the 250, 000 to 500, 000 group. The c it ies in the 100, 000 to 250, 000 group selected fo r study were distributed widely throughout the United States. Data for som e of the cit ies included w ere weighted to c o m pensate fo r the other c it ies which were not surveyed. In ord er to provide appropriate representation in the com bination o f data, each o f the geographic regions and population groups was con sidered separately when city weights w ere assigned.
A verage hourly sca les , designed to show current lev e ls , are based on a ll sca les r e ported in effect on July 1, 1961. Individualscales are weighted by the num ber o f union m em bers at each rate. These averages are not designed fo r p rec ise y e a r -to -y e a r c o m parisons, because o f fluctuations in m em b ership and. in job class ifica tion s studied. A v e r age cen ts -p er-h ou r and percent changes from
2 1950 Census o f Population.
1
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July 1, I960, to July 1, 1961, are based oncom parable quotations fo r the various o c cupational cla ss ifica tion s in both periods, weighted by the m em bership reported in the current survey. The index se r ie s , designed fo r trend purposes, is s im ilarly constructed .
Wage Scale Changes
Between July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961, union wage sca les fo r building-trades w ork ers rose 4 percent, to advance the Bureau’ s index of union hourly sca les for these w ork ers (1947— 49=100) to i84. 3 (table 1). This advance, which was approxim ately the same as in the previous 12-m onth period , re flected gains of 3. 8 percent for journeym en and 4. 8 percent for helpers and la b orers (table 3).
Among the 24 journeym en trades the rate of in crease ranged from 2. 2 percent for p lasterers to 4 .9 percent for tile la y ers . Advances o f 3. 5 to 4 percent w ere record ed by 14 trades and o f 4 to 4. 5 percent by 5 trades. Gains for the nine helpers and la b orers class ifica tion s ranged from 3 .8 p e r cent fo r p la s te re rs1 la b orers to 6. 1 percent fo r elevator con stru cto rs1 h elpers . A verage sca les rose 5 percent for building la b orers , 4. 1 percent fo r tile layers* h elpers, and from 4. 5 to 5 percent for each of the five other c la ss ifica tion s .
Many of the union contracts in e ffect on July 1, 1961, were negotiated fo r 2 years—a few were fo r a longer period . Contracts o f m ore than a y ea r ’ s duration often contain prov isions fo r period ic in crea ses . Although individual con tracts provided for in creases at various dates, only those that actually b e cam e effective between July 1, I960, andJuly 1, 1961, w ere included in the currentstudy. Some o f these sca le rev ision s were provided fo r in contracts which becam e e ffective p r ior to July 1, I960. A number ofagreem ents negotiated during the year con tained provisions for rate in crea ses after July 1, 1961. Such deferred advances havebeen excluded from the survey. Thus, the sca le changes presented herein do not re fle ct the total wage sca le changes negotiated in individual contracts during the 12 months covered by the survey.
During the year ending July 1, 1961, the average union hourly scale for building- trades w orkers in c ities o f 100, 000 or m ore population in creased 15 cents. This advance was 1 cent m ore than the gain record ed in the preceding 12-m onth period and 1 cent b e low that reg istered in the year ending July 1, 1959. Journeym en, as a group, advanced their average sca le 15 cents an hour while helpers and la b orers m oved up 14 cents (table 3).
C ents-per-h ou r in crea ses in the average scale for individual journeym en trades showed a wider variation than did those for helpers and la b orers . They varied from 9 cents an hour for p lasterers to 19 cents fo r e leva tor con stru ctors and tile la y ers . Scales for boilerm akers and stonem asons rose an a v e r age o f 17 cents an hour while those fo r b r ick layers , e lectr ic ia n s , m achin ists, and s tru ctu ra l-iron w orkers in creased their average hourly sca le by 16 cents. Of the rem aining 15 trades, all except asbestos w orkers and lathers showed advances of at least 13 cents. F or the nine helper and laborer c la s s if ic a tions in crea ses ranged from 11 cents an hour for com position r o o fe r s 1 helpers to 18 cents for elevator con stru cto rs1 helpers. Three c lass ifica tion s (brick layers* tenders, m arble setters* helpers, and terra zzo workers* helpers) showed advances o f 15 cents. B uilding la b orers , num erically the m ost im portant group, ra ised their average 14 cents as did plumbers* la b orers (table 3).
Higher pay sca les becam e effective du ring the year ending July 1, 1961, fo r 90 p e r cent of the journeym en in the building trades and for 93 percent o f the helpers and la b orers . F or a few w orkers in one jou rn ey men trade and in one laborer c la ss ifica tion , scales w ere rev ised downward. Such decrea ses affected le ss than 0. 1 percent o f the organized bu ilding-trades w ork ers. Rates rose for at least seven-eighths o f the w ork ers in 24 o f the 33 trades surveyed. Increa ses fo r journeym en varied from 10 to 15 cents an hour fo r a lm ost a fourth, from 15 to 20 cents fo r about th ree-eighths, and from 20 to 25 cents fo r slightly m ore than an eighth. Advances o f 25 cents or m ore affected a tenth o f the journeym en. Among helpers and la b o re rs , hourly sca les advanced 10 to 15 cents fo r slightly m ore than a fourth, 15 to 20 cents for nearly tw o-fifths, and 20 to 25 cents fo r a lm ost a fifth (table 5). Hourly sca les in creased 15 cents fo r a fifth o f the journeym en and nearly a fourth of the helpers and la b orers , 10 cents fo r a tenth and an eighth, resp ective ly , and 20 cents for a tenth o f the journeym en and alm ost tw o- tenths o f the helpers and la b orers .
While the in crease in term s of cen ts- per-h ou r was approxim ately the sam e for journeym en and fo r helpers and la b orers , the rate o f gain was greater for la b orers than for journeym en. Although gains o f 4 to 6 percent were record ed fo r about half o f the w orkers in both groups, advances o f 6 to 8 percent were reg istered by a tenth o f the journeym en and three-tenths of the helpers and la b orers . These proportions w ere r e versed for gains o f less than 4 percent (table 4).
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Increases in average hourly sca les fo r journeym en, on a regional basis , varied from 12 to 18 cents in all regions except the Southeast, where the advance was 9 cents. In percentage term s, the gains varied from 2 .7 in the Southeast to 4 .7 in the P acific region . F or helpers and la b orers , the g rea test advance (18 cents) was in the Mountain region; the sm allest (2 cents) was in the Southeast. In all other regions, the in creases varied from 8 to 16 cents. These in creases represented gains o f 1.1 and 7 .7 percent in the Southeast and Mountain regions, r e s p e c tively, and varied from 3 .8 percent to 5 .2 percent in the rem aining regions (table 6).
Hourly Wage Scales
On July 1, 1961, journeym en, as a group, had sca les averaging $ 4 . 02 an hour. Among the 24 journeym en cra fts , average sca les varied from $3 . 66 an hour fo r paperhangers to $ 4 .3 4 for b r ick la yers . Of the rem aining trades, 10 averaged $4 . 10 or m ore an hour, 6 had averages o f $ 4 to $ 4 .1 0 , and only 3 averaged less than $ 3 .7 5 an hour.
Pay sca les fo r the 24 journeym en trades varied widely, ranging from $ 2 .5 0 fo r c a r penters in Charlotte and paperhangers in L ouisville to $ 5 .3 1 fo r som e stonem asons in New York City. Rates o f $ 5 .1 0 or m ore were also in effect for b o ilerm ak ers, b r ick layers , and stru ctu ra l-iron w orkers in New York City and for rodm en and stru ctu ra l-iron w orkers in Newark. Half o f the journeym en had sca les ranging from $ 3 .7 0 to $ 4 .2 0 an hour, and alm ost three-tenths had an hourly scale o f $ 4 .2 0 or m ore (table 7). Rates of $ 4 .2 0 or m ore an hour w ere provided in labor-m anagem ent agreem ents for m ore than half of the brick layers and boilerm akers; for at least tw o-fifths of the e lectr ic ia n s , e le vator con stru ctors , p ipefitters, p lasterers , plum bers, s tru ctu ra l-iron w orkers, and tile layers; a third or m ore o f the lathers, m arble setters, sheet-m etal w orkers, and stonem asons; and fo r som e w orkers (g en erally 15 to 25 percent) in 10 other trades. Hourly rates o f less than $3. 10 were in effect fo r 1 percent o f the journeym en and in only four crafts did the proportion exceed 5 percent.
The average hourly scale fo r all helpers and laborers com bined was $ 3 .0 6 on July 1, 1961, and among individual c lass ifica tion s varied from $ 2 .6 4 for com position roofers* helpers to $3 . 35 fo r p lasterers* laborers and terrazzo workers* h elpers. Building la b o r e rs , num erically the largest group, had an average scale o f $ 2 .9 8 an hour (table 7).
Individual wage rates for helpers and laborers a lso showed a wide variation— ranging from $ 1 .5 0 an hour for building
laborers in Charlotte to $ 4 .4 5 fo r som e of the p lasterers* la b orers in New Y ork City. Hourly sca les o f $ 2 .8 0 to $ 3 .3 0 w ere in e f fect fo r half o f the helpers and la b orers . Negotiated sca les o f le ss than $ 2 . 80 prevailed for a fourth o f the w orkers as did those of $3 . 30 or m ore . Rates of le ss than $ 2 . 10 an hour w ere contained in agreem ents applicable to 7 percent o f the helpers and la b orers ; however, in only two c la ss ifica tion s was the proportion in excess o f 8 percent.
City and Regional Variations
Labor-m anagem ent negotiations in the building industry are generally conducted on a loca lity basis . Among the factors affecting the pay sca les for bu ilding-trades w orkers are variations in type and amount of loca l building activity, the demand for construction w orkers, the extent o f unionization, and the general leve l o f wages in individual lo ca lities . These fa ctors are re flected in the relatively wide variations in negotiated sca les fo r ind ividual crafts within a loca lity as w ell as in the d ifference in rates among cities and regions. F or exam ple, hourly sca les for carpenters ranged from $2 . 50 in Charlotte to $4. 75 in New York City. The range of rates among the 24 journeym en crafts in 6 typical cities are shown in the follow ing tabulation:
The difference between the highest and low est sca le fo r helpers and la b orers in each of the above c it ies was sm aller than that fo r journeym en, ranging from 53 cents in Boston to 97 cents in New York City.
The city and regional averages presented in tables 8 and 9 are designed to show current levels o f rates. They do not m easure d ifferences in union sca les o f the various cra fts among areas. As previously indicated, sca les for individual trades d iffer from one city to another. The city and regional averages are influenced not only by d ifferen ces in rates among cit ies and regions, but a lso by d ifferences in the proportion of organized w ork ers in the various cra fts . F or exam ple, a particular cra ft or c la ss ifica tion m ay not be
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organized in som e areas or may be organ ized less intensively in som e areas than in others. In addition, certa in types o f w ork are found in som e areas but not in others, or they are found to a greater extent in som e areas than in others. These d ifferen ces are re flected in the weighting o f individual rates by the number o f union m em bers at the rate. T h ere fore , even though rates fo r all individual crafts in two areas are identical, the average for a ll cra fts com bined in each o f the areas m ay d iffer.
A verage hourly sca les , on a city basis , varied w idely among the 52 c it ie s surveyed fo r both journeym en and for helpers and la b o re rs . Hourly sca les fo r journeym en averaged highest ($ 4 .6 5 ) in New York City and low est ($ 3 .2 2 ) in Charlotte. A verages o f $ 4 or m ore an hour prevailed in 13 other c it ie s , and ranged from $ 3 .7 5 to $ 4 in 20 c it ies and from $ 3 .5 0 to $ 3 .7 5 in 13 c ities (table 8).
F or helpers and la b orers , average wage rates ranged from $ 1.51 an hour in Charlotte to $ 3 .9 1 in New Y ork City. They averaged $ 3 or m ore in 15 other c it ie s , and le ss than $ 2 in 4 oth ers. A verages varied from $ 2. 75 to $ 3 in 14 c it ie s , from $ 2 .5 0 to $ 2 .7 5 in 9 c it ie s , and from $2 to $ 2 . 25 in 6 (table 8).
When the 52 surveyed cities w ere grouped accord ing to population size , average hourly sca les fo r union building-trades w ork ers varied by size o f city . In the group of c it ies with a m illion or m ore population, sca les averaged $ 4 .2 8 for journeym en and $ 3 .4 8 fo r helpers and la b orers— 55 and 71 cents, resp ective ly , higher than in the sm allest size population group studied (100, 000 to 250, 000).
A verage hourly sca les fo r the cit ies within each population group showed con sid erable variation fo r both journeym en and fo r helpers and la b orers . The range of average sca les was greater fo r helpers and la b orers than fo r journeym en in each grouping. The spread between the highest and low est c ity averages was greatest in the group o f c ities with 250, 000 to 500, 000 population— $ 1.16 fo r journeym en and $1 .96 for helpers and la b o re rs . The spread was narrow est fo r journeym en (68 cents) in c ities with 500, 000 to 1 m illion inhabitants, and fo r helpers and la b orers ($ 1 .2 1 ) in cities o f 1 m illion or m ore population.
An overlapping o f average sca les existed among the various size groups. F or exam ple, the average sca le fo r helpers and la b orers in P eoria , in the group o f c it ies with 100,000 to 250,000 population, was ex ceeded by only one city in each o f the la rger size groups.
On a regional basis , average hourly wage rates fo r building construction w orkers ranged from $ 3 .2 2 in the Southeast to $ 4 .2 0 in the Middle A tlantic. Hourly sca les averaged $3.92 in the P a c ific , $3.84 in the Great Lakes, and from $ 3 . 39 to $ 3 .7 0 in the other regions (table 9).
Journeym en sca les averaged highest ($ 4 .4 0 ) in the M iddle Atlantic States and low est ($ 3 .5 0 ) in the Southeast region . A ll journeym en cra fts in the Middle Atlantic r e gion averaged at least $ 3. 46 an hour, and 20 trades had sca les averaging in excess o f $4.10 an hour. In the Southeast, 3 cra fts averaged le ss than $ 3 an hour, whereas 14 averaged $3.50 or m ore , the highest o f which was $3 .98 fo r stonem asons. A verages in ex cess o f $ 4 w ere a lso reg istered by 16 trades in the P acific region , 14 in the Great Lakes region , 12 in New England, and by at least 3 trades in each o f the other regions except the Southeast and Southwest.
F or the nine helper and la b orer c la s s i f i cations com bined, average wage rates varied from $ 2 an hour in the Southeast to $ 3 .4 5 in the Middle Atlantic region . In seven r e gions, a ll helper and laborer class ifica tion s averaged in excess o f $ 2 .4 0 an hour. A v e r ages o f at least $ 3 an hour were record ed by eight helper and laborer groups in the M iddle Atlantic, seven in both the Great Lakes and P acific reg ion s, and by four in New England.
Standard W orkweek
Changes in the negotiated stra ight-tim e workweek between July 1, I960, and July 1,1961, a ffected relatively few bu ilding-trades w ork ers. The changes reported had no effect on the average workweek which rem ained unchanged at 39. 3 fo r a ll w orkers com bined— 39. 3 for journeym en and 39. 5 fo r helpers and la b orers (table 12).
The m ost prevalent workw eek con sisted o f 40 hours, and was in e ffect fo r 7 o f every 8 building-trades w orkers. A standard w ork week o f 35 hours was stipulated in la b or -m a n agement contracts applicable to a tenth o f the building construction w orkers; such schedules affected a lm ost three-tenths o f the painters and b r ick la y ers1 tenders, and a fifth o f the b rick layers and m osa ic and terra zzo w ork ers1 h elpers. Straight-tim e workweeks o f 30 hours w ere negotiated fo r slightly m ore than a fifth o f the p lasterers and about a tenth o f the e lectr ic ian s and plasterers* la b orers .
Health, Insurance, and P ension Plans
Health, insurance, and pension plans p r o vided in labor-m anagem ent agreem ents fo r w orkers in the building trades have in creased steadily in recent years. The w idespread
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developm ent o f such plans in the industry has perhaps been le ss rapid than in industr ies where problem s o f seasonal operations and casual em ploym ent are not as extensive. A lso , m ost con stru ction -trades unions have operated their own program s providing their m em bers with one or m ore types o f benefits, such as those coverin g death, o ld -a ge , s ick n ess, or disability . The developm ent o f n e gotiated insurance and pension program s un- doubtly has been affected by these fa ctors . On July 1, 1961, slightly m ore than th ree - fourths o f the building-trades w orkers w ere covered by con tracts providing fo r health or insurance plans, and half w ere covered by pension plan provisions— a slight in crease in coverage o f both types o f program s over the previous y e a r .3
The union construction w orkers provided health and insurance protection w ere covered by em ployer financed plans. Such health and insurance provisions- w ere applicable to a m ajority o f the w orkers in virtually all o f the trades. Pension plan prov isions financed entirely by em ployers affected practica lly all o f the building tradesm en covered by such plans. P rov ision s for these plans o ccu rred m ore frequently fo r bo ilerm akers and e le c tricians than fo r the other trades. Among the cra fts in which there w ere substantial proportions o f the w orkers cov ered w ere asbestos w ork ers, b rick la y ers , carpenters, cem ent fin ish ers, la thers, m osa ic and terra zzo w orkers, painters, p ipefitters,
p lasterers , p lum bers, rodm en, sheet-m etal w orkers, stru ctu ra l-iron w orkers, tile la y ers , b r ick la y e rs ’ tenders, p la ste rers ’ la b o r ers , and plumbers* la b orers .
Union Scales by City and Trade
Union sca les o f wages and hours in e f fect on July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961, t o gether with the amount o f em ployer co n tr ibutions to health, insurance, pension, and vacation plans on July 1, 1961, fo r the in d ividual trades in each o f the 52 c it ies included in the study are presented in table 13.
The prevalence o f negotiated health, in surance, and pension program s fo r con stru ction w orkers was fir s t studied in July 1954. Inform ation on these plans was restricted to those financed entirely o r in part by the em ployer. Plans financed by w orkers through union dues or assessm ents were e x cluded from the study. No attempt was made to secu re in form ation on the kind and extent of benefits provided or on the cost o f plans providing such benefits. In the current study, how ever, in form ation was obtained on the amount o f em ployer contributions in term s o f cents per hour o r percent o f rate. Such in form ation is presented in table 13. Although some em ployer payments are calcu lated on the basis o f total hours or gross payroll, these variations in the method o f com putation are not indicated in the tabulation.
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TABLE 1. Indexes of union hourly wage rates in the building trades, 1907—61
(1947—49 = 100)
Date All trades J ourneymenHelpers
andlaborers
1907: May 15 ________________________________ 18.2 19.0 14. 51908: May 15 _ _______ ____ „ _______ 19.4 20.2 15. 21909: May 15 ________________________________ 20.4 21.2 15.71910 : May 15 ________________________________ 21.2 22. 1 16. 21911: May 15 .............................. ............................. 21. 5 22. 5 16. 3
1912: May 15 ................................................ ..... . 22.0 23.0 16.41913: May 15 ________________________________ 22. 5 23.5 16.91914: May 1 ................................. ............................. 23.0 24. 1 17. 11915: May 1 ________________________ -________ 23.2 24. 3 17.21916: May 15 ............................................................ 23.9 25. 1 17.8
1917: May 15 ............................................................ 25.4 26. 5 19.61918: May 1 5 ............... ........................................ 28.2 29.3 22.71919: May 15 _______________ _______________ 32. 3 33.4 26.21920: May 15 ........................ .................. .. „ __ 43.6 44.7 38. 11921: May 15 ............................................................ 44 .4 45.6 38.4
1922: May 15 ..................................................... 41.7 42.9 35.01923: May 15 .................................................. 46. 0 47.4 37. 11924: May 15 ........................................................ 49.7 51. 1 40. 11925: May 1 5 .................................... ........ .............. 51.6 53.0 41. 51926: May 15 ................................................ ........... 55.0 56.6 45.2
1927: May 15 _____________ ___________________ 56.9 58.5 46.01928: May 15 ........................ ............. .. ............. ..... 57. 2 59.0 46.51929: May 1 5 ..... ................................................... 58.0 59.7 47. 31930: May 15 ________________________________ 60.4 62. 2 49. 71931: May 15 _______ _____________________ 60.6 62.4 49.4
1932: May 15 ....................................................... 51. 8 53.4 42.21933: May 15 ________ ____________________ . 50. 3 51.9 40. 31934: May 15 ________________________________ 50. 7 52.2 41. 51935: May 15 ............................................................ 51.3 52.8 41.71936: May 15 ................. ...................................... 53. 1 54.6 44. 1
1942: July 1 .......................................... .. .............. 69.7 70. 8 62. 51943: July 1 __________________________________ 70.2 71.2 63. 31944: July 1 ............................................................... 70.8 71.7 64.01945: July 1 __________________________________ 72.2 73.0 67.01946: July 1 ................................................... ..... . 80. 5 80.9 77.9
1947: July 1 ............................................................ 92. 1 92.3 91. 11948: July 1 ............................................................... 101.8 101.7 102.61949: July 1 ....................................... ....................... 106. 1 106.0 106.41950: July 1 __________________________________ 110.7 110. 5 112. 21951: July 1 ---------------------------------------------------- 117.8 117.4 119.9
125. 1 124.6 127.71953: July 1 I T ” " I I___Z ___ 131.6 130. 7 136.51954: July 1 __________________________________ 136.4 135.4 142.41955: July 1 ................. .. .................................... 141.2 140.0 148.519561 July 1 --------------------------------------------- *
147.7 146.2 157.4
155. 3 153.6 166.61958: July 1 ZZ Z” ZZ Z ZZZZZ 162.4 160. 5 174. 71959: July 1 __________________________________ 170. 3 167. 9 185.81960: July 1 __________________________________ 177.3 174.6 194. 3
184.3 181.2 203.6
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
TABLE 2. Indexes o f union hourly wage rates in each building trade. 1907—61
Percent of union helpers and laborers whose rates (in cents) per hour wer
rate 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370per Under and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and 380
hour 210 under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under and220 230 240 250 260 • 270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 over
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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TABLE 8. Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades by city and population group. July 1, 1961
City and population groupAveragehourly
rateCity and population group
Averagehourly
rate
JOURNEYMEN HELPERS AND LABORERS
Population group 1 (1, 000, 000 and over):New York, N .Y __________________________________________________Average for group I ____________________________ ________________Los Angeles, Calif______________________________ _______________Chicago, 111_____________________________________________________Philadelphia, Pa________________________________________________Detroit, Mich____________________________________________________
$4.654.284.214.174.143.87
Population group I (1, 000, 000 and over):New York, N.Y ________________________________________________Average for group I ___________________________________________Los Angeles, C a lif____________________________________________Chicago, 111_____________________________________________________Detroit, M ich__________________________________________________Philadelphia, P a _______________________________________________
3.913.483.383.233.072.70
Population group II (500, 000 to 1, 000, 000):Pittsburgh, P a _______________________________________________San Francisco-Oakland, C a lif______________________________Buffalo, N .Y _________________________________________________Cleveland, Ohio______Washington, D .C _____St. Louis, Mo __________________________________Average for group II______________________Boston, M ass______________________________Cincinnati, O hio__________________________Baltimore, M d ____________________________Houston, T e x ---------------------------------------------Milwaukee, WisMinneapolis—St. Paul, Minn___________________________________New Orleans, L a _______________________________________________
Population group II (500, 000 to 1, 000, 000):Cleveland, O hio________________________________________________San Francisco-Oakland, Calif________________________________Buffalo, N .Y ____________________________________________________St. Louis, M o __________________________________________________Cincinnati, Ohio_______________________________________________Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn __________________________________Milwaukee, Wis _______________________________________________Average for group I I ______________________________________ ____Boston, M a ss__________________________________________________Pittsburgh, Pa_________________________________________________Washington, D.C _______________________________________________Baltimore, Md_________________________________________________Houston, Tex___________________________________________________New Orleans, L a_______________________________________________
Population group III (250, 000 to 500, 000):Newark, N .J ____________________________________________________Rochester, N.Y _________________________________________________Toledo, Ohio____________________________________________________Seattle, Wash____________________________________________________Average for group III__________________________________ ______Indianapolis, Ind________________________________________________Denver, Colo ___________________________________________________Louisville, Ky-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Portland, Or eg__________________________________________________Columbus, Ohio_________________________________________________Kansas City, M o-------------------------------------------------------------------------Atlanta, Ga----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Dallas, T e x _____________________________________________________Birmingham, A la ------------------------------------------------------------------------
San Antonio, T e x _______________________________________________
Toledo, O hio___________________________________________________Portland, O re g________________________________________________Seattle, W ash__________________________________________________Rochester, N .Y -------------------------------------------------------------------------Columbus, Ohio _______________________________________________Indianapolis, Ind_______________________________________________Average for group III_______ __________________________________Kansas City, M o __________________________________________ ____Louisville, K y _________________________________________________Denver, Colo___________________________________________________Atlanta, G a ____________________________________________________Birmingham, A la ______________________________________________Dallas, Tex____________________________________________________Memphis, Tenn________________________________________________San Antonio, Tex____ __________________________________________
New Haven, Conn_______________________________________________Syracuse, N .Y ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Dayton, Ohio____________________________________________________Spokane, W ash_________________________________________________Erie, P a ________________________________________________________Grand Rapids, M ich___________________________________________Des Moines, Iowa----------------------------------------------------------------------Springfield, Mass ______________________________________________Average for group IV .......... .-Omaha, N ebr___________________________________________________Providence, R .I________________________________________________Salt Lake City, Utah___________________________________________Scranton, Pa____________________________________________________Oklahoma City, O kla-----------------------------------------------------------------Jacksonville, F la_______________________________________________Knoxville, Tenn_________________________________________________Little Rock, Ark________________________________________________Richmond, V a __________________________________________________Charlotte, N.C __________________________________________________
Population group IV (100, 000 to 250, 000):Peoria, 111______________________________Syracuse, N.Y __________________________New Haven, Conn______________________Spokane, Wa sh__________________________Des Moines, Iowa______________________Grand Rapids, Mich____________________Dayton, O hio___________________________Erie, Pa________________________________Average for group IV __________________Providence, R .I ________________________Springfield, M ass___Scranton, P a ________Salt Lake City, UtahOmaha, Nebr________Jacksonville, F la ___Oklahoma City, OklaLittle Rock, A r k ____Knoxville, Tenn____Richmond, V a_______Charlotte, N .C ______
1 The regions referred to in this study include: New England— Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic— New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; Border Sfates— Delaware, District of Columbia, Kentucky, Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia; Southeast— Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee; Great Lakes— Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin; Middle West— Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Southwest— Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; Mountain— Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific— California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington.
TABLE 10. Indexes of union weekly hours in the building trades, 1907—61
(1947-4 9 - 100)
Helpers HelpersDate All trades Journeymen and
laborersDate All trades Journeymen and
laborers
1907: May 15 _____________________ 124.1 122.6 129.6 1934: May 15 ___________________ 102.2 101.3 104.71908: May 15 _____________________ 122.2 120.8 126.9 1935: May 15 ___________________ 101.4 100.5 104.01909: May 15 _____________________ 120.5 119.3 124.3 1936: May 15 .......... ....................... 101.4 100.5 104.21910: May 15 _____________________ 119.0 117.9 122.1 1937: May 15 ....................... 101.8 100.9 104.61911: May 15 _____________________ 118.6 117.5 121.9 1938: June 1 ____________________ 100.1 99.1 102.9
1912: May 15 ___________________ 118.2 117.1 121.5 1939: June 1 .................. 99.9 99.0 102.71913: May 15 _____________________ 118.0 116.8 121.5 1940: June 1 ____________________ 99.8 99.0 102.11914: May 1 _______________________ 117.5 116.5 120.8 1941: June 1 ____________________ 100.2 99.5 102.41915: May 1 ........................................... 117.4 116.4 120.7 1942: July 1 _____________________ 101.0 100.8 101.51916: May 15 _____________________ 117.0 115.9 120.4 1943: July 1 _____________________ 100.9 101.0 100.81917: May 15 _____________________ 116.7 115.7 119.9 1944: July 1 _____________________ 101.1 101.2 100.8
1918: May 15 _____________________ 116.1 115.0 119.5 1945: July 1 _____________________ 101.1 101.2 100.81919: May 15 _____________________ 115.5 114.6 118.4 1946: July 1 _____________________ 100.1 100.1 100.11920: May 15 _____________________ 115.0 114.1 117.6 1947: July 1 _____________________ 100.0 99.9 100.11921: May 15 _____________________ 114.9 114.0 117.6 1948: July 1 _____________________ 100.0 100.0 100.01922: May 15 .................................... 114.9 114.1 117.3 1949: July 1 _____________________ 100.1 100.1 100.0
1923: May 15 _____________________1924: May 15 ...........................
115.0115.0
114.2114.2
117.5117.5
1950: July 1 _____________________1951: July 1 .......................................
100.2100.1
100.2100.1
100.099.9
1925: May 15 -i...................................... 115.0 114.2 117.3 1952: July 1 _____________________ 100.1 100.1 100.11926: May 15 _____________________ 114.8 114.0 117.0 1953: July 1 _____________________ 100.1 100.1 100.11927: May 15 _____________________ 114.6 113.7 117.0 1954: July 1 _____________________ 100.1 100.1 100.1
1928: May 15 _____________________ 113.9 112.9 116.9 1955: July 1 _____________________ 100.1 100.1 100.11929: May 15 _____________________ 112.9 112.2 114.6 1956: July 1 ............................. 100.1 100.1 100.11930: May 15 _____________________ 109.7 108.9 112.0 1957: July 1 ................................ 100.1 100.1 100.11931: May 15 _____________________ 108.4 107.4 111.1 1958: July 1 _____________________ 100.0 100.0 100.11932: May 15 _____________________ 106.4 105.5 108.6 1959: July 1 _____________________ 100.0 100.0 100.11933: May 15 ................... 106.1 105.1 108.1 I960: July 1 ________________ ____ 9 9 .9
99.89 9 .999.8
100.1100.1
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TABLE 11. Indexes of union weekly hours in each building trade. 1907—61
equipment__ __ 3. 150 *3 . 150 - - - M achinists_________________________ 3.850 4. 100 7V2* - -Trenching machines (over Marble s e t t e r s ___________________ 3.850 3.850 10* -
Bricklayers1 tenders 2. 000 * 2.000 - - - Building la b o re rs________________ 2.225 2. 300 7*/2 * - -Mortar m ix e rs_________________ 2. 120 *2. 120 - - - Elevator constructors'
NOTE: When more than one union scale was in effect for the saine classification in a particular city, letters of the alphabet were used to designate the various effective agreements. The sequence of the letters does not indicate the relative importance of the agreements or the scales.
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Rot* per hour Employer contribution to fund1Trade or occupation
Rate per hour Employer contribution to fund1July 1, "July!, , H|___ , Pension Vocation July 1, July 1, Insurance * Pension Vacation1960 1961 pay* ___I960 1961 __ p«y*
BIRMINGHAM, A L A .— BOSTON, MASS.— ContinuedContinued
Journeymen— ContinuedJourneymen— Continued
Engineers— Power equipmentEngineers— Power equipment operators — Continued
operators — Continued Heavy construction —Building construction — Continued
Continued Medium equipment:Heavy equipment — Concrete mixers,
l ig h t e r s . 3. 950 4. 150 Pavers . . 3.935 4. 135 10* 10*
See footnotes at end o f table.
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TABLE 13. Union sca les o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments fo r building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trade or occupationRote per hour Employer contribution to fund1
Tfodt or occupationRole par hour Employer contribution to fund'
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Imuranco* Pension Vacation
pay*July 1, 1960
July 1,1961 insurance* Ptntion Vacation
W *
BUFFALO, N. Y .— Continued CHARLOTTE, N. C. — Continued
With attachments . — 2.750 2.890 - - - Helpers and laborersWithout attachments____ 2.280 2. 310 - - -
Lathers ________________________ 3. 250 3. 250 - - - Bricklayers' tenders _________ 3. 02$ 3.225 7j/z* - -Pipefitters ____________________ 3.250 3. 350 - - - Building laborers . . _ 3.025 3.225 7»/2* - -Plasterers __________________ — 2.750 2.750 - - - Elevator constructors'P lum bers______________________ 3. 250 3. 350 - - - h e lp e r s__ ____ ____ 2. 960 3. 070 6* - (*)Rodmen . ____ _ . . . 3. 000 4 3. 000 Marble setters' h e lp e r s_____ 3. 300 3. 400
“ '
See footnotes at end o f table.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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TABLE 13. Union sca les o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities,July 1, 1960, and July 1, 1961—Continued
Rot* psr how Employer contribution to fund1 Rate per how Ewployw contribeHoii to fend*
* July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961
Insurance * Pension Vocationpay*
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Insurance* Pension Vacation
P«y*
CHICAGO, ILL.— Continued CLEVELAND, OHIO— Continued
Helpers and laborers— Journeymen— ContinuedContinued
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TABLE 13. Union scales of wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961—-Continued
R oto por hour Employe) contribution to K ind1 Rato por hour Em ployer contribution t o fund *Trad* or occu p ation
J u ly 1 , 19 60
J u ly 1 , 1961
Insurance1 Pension V a ca tionp a y *
ir a o t or occu pationJ u ly 1 ,
1 9 6 0J u ly 1 ,
1961Im w an co* Pension V a c a tio n
p a y *
COLUMBUS, OHIO— Continued DALLAS, TEX.— Continued
Journeymen— Continued J ourneymen— Continued
Engineers— Power equipment Painters:$3,313 $3,375 7‘ /2 *operators — Continued Commercial ____ ________ - -
Building and heavy Residential *— ----------------- 3.063 3.125 7‘ /2 * - -construction — Continued Spray _____________________ 3.688 3.750 7l/2 * - -
or less _ 3.225 3.300 _ _ _ Tile layers _______________________ 3.755 3.895 57f/2* - -Scrapers, 3 cubic
yards or l e s s _________ 3.255 3.300 - - - Helpers and laborersGlaziers _____________________________ 3.000 3.100 - - -Lathers ___ __ _ _ ___________ 3.750 3.875 10* Bricklayers' tenders and
hod c a r r ie r s ------------------------------Machinists __________________________ 3.675 3.850 _ . 2.955 3.055 7l /2* _ _Marble setters __ _ _ 3.700 3.800 Building laborers ----------------------
Elevator constructors'2.685 2.785 7V2 *
Mosaic and terrazzowo rkers 3.250 3.750 2.680 2.870 6* (6)
See footnotes at end o f table.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 c ities ,July 1, 1960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Rate pur how Employer contribution to fund1Trade or occupation
Rat* pur hour Employer contribution to fund'July 1,
I960July 1, 1961 Insurance* Pension Vocation
pay*July 1,
— !2fiQ—July 1,
1961 Insurance* Pension Vacation--Pf**
DAYTON, OHIO— Continued DES MOINES, IOWA
Helpers and laborers— JourneymenContinued
Asbestos workers ____ _______ $3,490 $3,650 15* 20*Marble se tte r s 'h e lp e r s ---------- $2,685 $2. 905 - - Boilerm akers________________ 3.750 3.850 10* 10* -
helpers _______________________ 2.750 3.010 - - - Not on steel ___________ 3.630 3.740 10* 4% 7 10*Tile layers' h e lp e r s____ _____ 2.750 3.010 C om p ressors______ 3.355 3.465 10* 4% 17 10*
See footnotes at end o f table.
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trade or occupationRat* per hour Employer contribution to fund1
Trad* or occupationRot* pur hour Employer contribution to fund1
Heavy equipment: Roofers, composition_________ 3. 100 3.250 - . _Cranes, shovels ____ 3.930 4. 260 10* - Roofers, slate and tile _______ 3.350 3. 500 . _ _Carryall sc o o p s____ 3.730 4. 060 10* - Sheet-metal w o rk e rs------------- 3.450 3. 500 12* - 4%
Medium equipment: Stonemasons __________________ 4. 075 4. 175 . _Bulldozers 3.730 4. 060 10* Structural-iron w o r k e r s __ 4. 000 4. 200 8*Compressors, Tile layers __ ------------ „ 3.750 3.850 _ I
hoists --------------------- 3.440 3.770 10*Light equipment: Helpers and laborers
Rollers, pumps,welders ------------------ 3.440 3.770 10* - - Bricklayers' te n d e rs_________ 2.700 2. 850 8* . _
Glaziers _____________________ _ 3.300 3.400 - - - Mortar m ix e r s ____________ 2.800 2.950 8* . _Lathers ______ _________________ 4.015 4. 100 10* - - Building laborers ________ 2.700 2. 850 8* _ _Machinists ------------------------------- 3. 500 3.490 - - - Elevator constructors'Marble setters _ ------------------- 3.765 3.840 10* - - helpers ______________________ 2. 620 2.660 6* . (6)Mosaic and terrazzo Marble setters’ helpers _____ 2. 850 2.950 10* _
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments fo r building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trade or occupationRot* per hour Employer contribution to fund1 Rot* pur hour Employer contribution to fund1
wiremen) _____________________ 3.925 3.925 7 l lz$ 1% I ' M Engineers— Power equipmentElevator constructors ________ 3.780 3.890 6* - (6) operators:Engineers— Power equipment Building construction:
operators: Heavy equipment:Building construction: Cranes _______________ 3.860 4.030
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961—C ontinued
Trad* or occupationRot* per how Employ* contributionto fund' I
Trade or occupationRate per hour Employer contribution to fund *
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Imuranc** Pension Vacation
pay*July 1,
1960July 1,
1961 Insurance1 Pension Vacationp«ys
JACKSONVILLE, FLA.— KANSAS CITY, MO.—Continued Continued
Journeymen— Continued Journeymen— Continued
Electricians (inside Engineers— Power equipmentwiremen) ____________________ $3,650 $3,800 - 1% - operators — Continued
Elevator constructors ________ 3.565 3.665 6* - (6) Heavy construction:Engineers— Power equipment Heavy equipment:
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TABLE 13. Union sca les o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments fo r building trades in 52 cities,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961—Continued
Trade or occupationRate pur hour Employ* contribution to fund1
Trade of occupationRotu pur hour Employur contribution to fund1
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961
Insurance2 Pension Vacationpay*
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Insurancu1 Pumion Vacation
pay*
KNOXVILLE, TENN.— LITTLE ROCK, ARK. —Continued Continued
J ourneymen— Continued J ourneymen— Continued
Engineers— Power equipment Mosaic and terrazzooperators — Continued workers ____ ________ ____ $3. 100 $3.200
wi remen) _ ____ ___________ 3 . 475 43. 475 - 1% - or cranes) ___ ____ 4. 210 4. 410 15* 10* -Elevator constructors ________ 3.455 3.630 6 * - (6) P ile d r iv e r s _________ 4.210 4. 410 15* 10* _Engineers— Power equipment Tractors (bull
operators: dozers, tampers,Air compressors: scrapers, or drag-
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 c ities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961—Continued
Trade or occupationRate per hew Employer contribution to fund'
Trade or occupationRate per hour Employer contribution to fund1
July l, 1960
July 1, 1961 Insurance* Pension Vacation
poy*July 1,
1960July 1, 1961 Insurance1 Pension Vacation
pay*
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.— LOUISVILLE, KY. — ContinuedContinued
J ourneymen— ContinuedJ ourneymen— Continued
Engineers— Power equipmentEngineers— Power equipment operators — Continued
operators — Continued Heavy construction:Heavy construction — Heavy equipment:
m ix e r s ______________ 3. 150 3. 250 - - - Rollers, sheepfoot________ 2.950 3. 100 - - _Light equipment: Scrapers _____ 3.075 3. 225 - - _
F ir e m e n 3. 150 3. 250 Shovels 3.325 3.475Oilers __ ___ 2.800 2.900 - - : Tractor trucks (LynnPumps _______________ 2.800 2. 900 ' and Euclid) ______________ 2. 575 2.725 " " -
See footnotes at end o f table.
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments fo r building trades in 52 c ities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trade or occu p ationR ot* per hour E m ployer contribution to fu n d1 R at* pur hour E m ployer contribution to fu n d 1
J u ly 1 , 1 9 60
July 1, 1961 Insurance* Pension V acation
p a y *
Trade or occupationJ u ly 1 ,
1 9 6 0July 1, 1961 Imurancu* Pension V a ca tio n
p a y *
MEMPHIS, TENN.— Continued MILWAUKEE, WIS.—Continued
Journeymen— ContinuedJourneymen— Continued
Engineers— Power equipmentoperators — Continued Engineers— Power equipment
Tractors: operators — Continued40 horsepower or Heavy construction —
less ___ __ ------------- $2.600 $2,850 - - ContinuedOver 40 horsepow er------ 2. 825 2.975 - - - Medium equipment:
Heavy construction: Electricians (insideHeavy equipment: wiremen):
Cranes, draglines, Minneapoli s _______________ 3.700 3.850 4% 1% 16 7%shovels, trench St. Paul ___________________ 3.650 3.850 4.55% 1% 4%machines . ___ — 3.665 3.765 7* 10* 5 7* Elevator constructors________ 3.610 3.680 6* (6)
See footnotes at end o f table.
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TABLE 13. Union scales of wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Rats put hour Employer contribution to fund1 Rate per hour Employer contribution to fund1Trade or occupation Trade or occupation
~ W TI960
July 1, 1961 Insurance1 Pension Vacation
pay3July 1,
1960July 1,
1961 Insurance 2 Pension Vacationpay*
MINNEAPOLIS—ST. PAUL, MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL,MINN.— C ontinu ed MINN.— Continued
Journeymen— Continued Helpers and laborers—Continued
Engineers— Power equipment$operators: Plasterers' laborers: $
Building construction: Minneapolis _______________ 28 3.170 28 3.290 15* - -Heavy equipment: St. Paul ____________________ 3.020 3.170 15* - 20*
Heavy construction:Minneapolis ----------------------- 3.390 3.510 - - Heavy equipment:St. Paul ____________________ 3.300 3.300 15* - 15* Power shovels,
Mortar mixers ------------- 3.000 3.150 _ . _ 224.650 “ 4.650 _R n ild in g la b o r e r s . . .. ... 2.850 3.000 Plumbers _____________________ 4.250 4.500 3%
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trade or occupationRat* per hew Employer contribution to hind1 Rat* pur hour Employer contribution to hind1
July 1. 1960
July 1, 1961 Insurance1 Pension Vacation
Pay*Trodt or occvpotion
July 1, I960
July 1, 1961 Insuranc*1 Petition Vacation
t>oy*
NEWARK, N.J.— Continued NEW HAVEN, CONN.—Continued
Precast slabbers ------- 4.400 4.500 9* - - Marble p o lish e rs_____________ 2.400 2.400 - - -Sheet-metal w o rk e rs------- ------- 3.750 3.850 10* 11* 10* Marble setters' h e lp e r s_____ 2.000 2.000 - - -Stonem asons---------------------------- 3.850 4.000 9* 15* - Plasterers' la b o r e r s _________ 2.050 2.125 - - -Structural-iron w ork ers______ 4.300 4.500 9* 15* - Mortar mixersTile la y e r s __________ —— ■— — 3.850 4.000 9* 15* (m achine)________________ 2.150 2.225
See footnotes at end o f table.
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TABLE 13. Union sca les o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 c ities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trade or occupationRot* pur hour Employer contribution to fund1
Trade or occupationRote per hour Employer contribution to fund1
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Irauranco* Puraion Vocation
pqy3July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961
Insurance* Pension VacationP«y*
NEW ORLEANS, L A .— NEW YORK, N .Y .— ContinuedContinued
J our neymen— C ontinuedHelpers and laborers—
Continued Mosaic and terrazzo $ $workers ____ ____ _____ “ 4 .600 “ 4.750 3% 5% _
m achines)__________ “ 4.800 “ 5.000 4% 4% - Elevator constructors'Bulldozers, h e lp e r s _____________________ 3.350 3.720 6* - (6)tractors, loco Marble setters' h e lp e r s_____ 3.835 4.035 5V2<ft 6%
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
TABLE 13. Union sca les of wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments fo r building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, 1960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
33
Trad* or occupationRot* per how Employer contribution to fund1
Tiodt or occupationRohr per hour Employ«r contribution to fund1
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Imurancu* Pension Vacation
pay*July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Imuranco* Ptntion Vacation
p«y*
OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA.— OMAHA, NEBR.— ContinuedContinued
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 c ities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Track or occupationRate per hour Employer contribution to fund1
Trade Of occepotionRole par hour Employer contribution to fund'
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Insurance1 Pension Vacation
pay'July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Insurance* Pension Vacation
poy*
PEORIA, IL L .— Continued PHILADELPHIA, PA.—Continued
Helpers and laborersJourneymen— Continued
Bricklayers' te n d e rs_________ $3 ,250 $3,375 - - -Building la b o re rs_____________ 3.250 3.375 - - - Sheet-metal workers ________ $4 . 135 $4 ,385 12l /2* I 2V2* 15*Elevator constructors’ Stonemasons:
2.905 2.975 6* (6) Rubble ___ ____ 3.750 4.000Marble setters' h e lp e r s -------- 3.275 *3.275 _ S etters___ . . . 4.250 4.400 _ _ _Plasterers' laborers__________ 3.375 3.500 - - - Structural-iron w orkers_____ 4.450 4.600 15V2* 7^2* -
Marble s e t t e r s __ ____ 3.975 4. 125 - - - Spray and in du strial_____ 3.950 4. 050 12V2* _ _Mosaic and terrazzo Spray, industrial steel ___ 4. 200 4.350 12V2* _ .
Sprinkler fitters ---- 4. 290 4. 440 7l/2* 10* Roofers, slate and t i l e ______ 3.800 3. 950 10* 10* IP la sterers____________________ 4.150 4. 300 20* - - Sheet-metal w o rk e rs________ 4.125 4. 200 10* 10* 4%Plumbers _ _ 4. 100 4. 250 16V2* 20* .CltnnAmaannfi 32 4. 450 32 4. 600 10l 10*Rodmen 4.450 4. 600 15IM V M . Structural-iron w ork ers____ 4. 300 4.375
ivy15* 12Vz* _
Roofers, com position________ 3.850 4.100 1 7 M 10* - Ornamental----------------------- 4.300 4. 375 15* 12V2* _Roofers, slate and t i l e _______ 3.855 4.110 221/2* "
'Tile layers _______ _ 4. 050 4. 050 10* "
See footnotes at end o f table.
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, 1960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Rate per hour E m ployer contribution to fu n d 1 Rat* pur hour Em ployur contribution to fu n d 1
Ju ly 1, 1960
Ju ly 1, 1961
Insurance* Pension V a ca tionp a y *
1(009 o f occvp an oAJu ly 1, -L96Q___
Ju ly 1, 1961
Insurance2 Pension V a ca tio nP « y a
PITTSBURGH, PA.— PORTLAND, OREG.—Continued Continued
Helpers and laborers Journeymen— ContinuedBricklayers' tenders _________Building laborers _____________Elevator constructors'
Bricklayers ___________________ 3.925 4.000 12VZ* 7‘/2* -and over _______ 3.630 3.830 - T u n n e l, s e w e r ,
Derricks, live caisson ---- ----------------------- 4.175 4.250 12‘/z* 7Vz* _boom ______________ 3.930 4.130 10* 10* _ C a r p e n te r s . . . . 3.400 3.550 10* _
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments fo r building trades in 52 cities,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trad* or occupationRot* p«r hour Employer contribution to fund1
Trade or occupationRate pur hour Employer contribution to fund *
Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Rot* per hour Employer contribution to fund1Trade or occupation
Rot* pur hour Employer contribution to fund1July 1, July 1, Insurance1 Vacation July 1, July 1, Insurance* Pension Vacation1960 1961 pay* 1960 1961 pay*
ROCHESTER, N.Y.— ST. LOUIS, MO.—Continued Continued
Metal ___________________ 4.000 4.100 - - Air compressors,Wood (residential) _________ 3.750 3.850 7l/z* - - 2 or m o r e --------------- 2.825 3.170 10* _
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 c ities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trade or occupationRole per hour Employer contribution to fund1
Trade or occupationRot* pur hour Employer contribution to fund1
July 1, I960
JulyL1961 Insurance 1 Pension Vacation
poy3July 1,
1960July 1,
1961 Insurance2 Pension Vacationpoy*
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH— SAN ANTONIO, T E X .—Continued Continued
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TABLE 13. Union sca les o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments fo r building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trad* or occupationRots p«r hour Employer contribution to fund1
Trade or occupotionRot* per hour Employer contribution to fund1
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961 Insurance1 Pension Vacation
pay3July 1,
1960July 1,
1961 Insurance3 Pension Vacationpay*
SAN FRANCISCO-OAKLAND, SCRANTON, PA.—CALIF. — Continued Continued
Journeymen— Continued Journeymen— Continued
Engineers— Power equipment Engineers— Power equipmentoperators — Continued operators:
Heavy construction — Building construction:Continued Heavy equipment:
Medium equipment: Cranes (all types),Mucking $ $ derricks, power $ $
Sheet-metal workers: Steel — ------ — --------- 3.250 3.375 _ - _San Francisco _ _________ 4. 100 4.315 10* 10* 4% Spray ____________________________ 3.. 37 5 3.500 - - _Dalrland . ......... . . ____ _ . 4. 075 4. 290 10* 10* 4% P a p e r h a n g e r s _ _ 2. 875 3. 000
liriremfin) 3.625 3.850 15* 1% B r ic k la y e r s 4. 150 4. 300 10* 17 20*Elevator constructors________ 3.820 3.820 6* (6") Sewer and tunnel__________ 4.150 4.300 10* - 17 20*
See footnotes at end o f table,
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TABLE 13. Union scales of wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trad* or occupationR at* pur hour Em ployer contribution to fu n d '
Trade or occupationRate per hour Em ployer contribution to fu n d 1
J u ly 1, mo J u ly 1 , 1961
Imuraneu* Pension V a ca tio np a y *
J u ly 1 , I 9 6 0
J u ly 1, 1961
Insurance2 Pension V a ca tio np a y *
SEATTLE, WASH.— SEATTLE, WASH.—Continued Continued
lumber stackers Elevator constructors _____ _ 3.820 4.010 6* (6)(on construction Engineers— Power equipmentjob site) ___________ 3.780 3.880 15* 15* operators:
Compressors, Building construction:excavating _________ 3.540 3.640 15* 15* Heavy equipment:
Heavy construction: Cranes,Heavy equipment: derricks ___________ 3.850 4.050 10* _
Shovels and Hoists, 2 orcranes, all more drums _______ 3.550 3.750 10* _crawler and Medium equipment:truck types ________ 4.180 4.280 15* 15* - Mixermobiles,
Bulldozers __________ 3.810 3.910 15* 15* - pumpcretesCarryall type (linkbelt or
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TABLE 13. Union sca les of wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments fo r building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961—Continued
Trade or occupationRote per hour Employer contribution to fund'
Tiodt or occupationRate pur hour Emptoyur contribution to fund1
July 1, 1940
July 1, 1961 Insurance* Pension Vocation
pay*July 1, 1960
July lr 1961 Iraurancu* Pcnrion Vacation
pay*
SPOKANE, WASH.— SPRINGFIELD, MASS.—Continued Continued
Medium equipment: Heavy construction:Scrapers, Heavy equipment:
tournapulls, Power shovels,power graders, cranes _ ------------ 3.875 4. 274 10$ 10$ -KllllHAT'.ArA 3. 200 3. 350 3% 10$ S c r a p e r s _ _ ____ 3. 625 3. 925 10$ 10$
Light equipment: Medium equipment:1 - and 2-drum Bulldozers (under
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities ,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trade or occupationRot* pur hour Employer contribution to fund1
Tiodt of occupationRots put hour Employer contribution to fund1
July 1, 1960
July 1, 1961
insurance1 Pension Vacationpay*
July 1, I960
July 1, 1961 Insurance2 Pension Vocation
P«y*
SYRACUSE, N. Y .— TOLEDO, OHIO—Continued Continued
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TABLE 13. Union scales o f wages and hours and em ployer insurance, pension, and vacation payments for building trades in 52 cities,July 1, I960, and July 1, 1961— Continued
Trad* or occupationRate por hour Em ployer contribution to fu n d 1
Trade or occupationRato por hour Em ployer contribution to f i n d 1
Ju ly 1, 1960
Ju ly 1 , 1961
Insurance* Pension V o ca tio np a y *
Ju ly 1, 1960
Ju ly 1, 1961
Insurance* Pension V a ca tio npay*
WASHINGTON, D.C.— WASHINGTON, D.C.—Continued Continued
Journeymen— Continued Helpers and laborers
Pipef itte r s— Continue d Building laborers __ . . . . $2,500 $2,650 7V2 * 5* .
4.000 4.100 10* 10* _ Elevator constructors'Roofers, composition ------------------- 3.020 3.100 10* - - h elp ers_____ _______________________ 2.920 3.020 6* - ( 6 )Roofers, slate and tile ___________ 3.520 3.600 10* _ _ Marble setters' h elp ers ________ 2.925 3.075 14* - -Sheet-metal workers __________ 4.210 4.360 I2V2* 10* _ P la s t e r e r s ' la b o r e r s 2.875 3.000 10* . _Stonemasons __________________ 4.175 4.425 15* 10* - Plumbers' laborers _________ 2.625 2.800 10* 10* -Structural-iron Terrazzo workers'
w n r k d r s . . . 4.250 4.450 10* 10* helpers _ _ . 2.875 3.075 (9)3.925 4.075 8* - Tile layers' helpers _________ 2.875 3.075 (9) - -
Shown in terms of cents per hour or as percent of rate; in actual practice, however, some employer payments are calculated on the basis of total hours or gross payroll. These variations in method of computation are not indicated in this table.
2 Includes life insurance, hospitalization, and other types of health and welfare benefits; excludes payments into holiday, vacation, and unemployment funds when such programs have been negotiated.
3 Payments are to a fund unless otherwise indicated.4 This rate in effect prior to July 1, 1961; new scale in negotiation at time of survey.5 To worker each pay period as part of negotiated scale; not included in basic scale shown.6 After 6 months of service, 2 percent of hourly rate for all hours worked; after 5 years of service, 4 percent of hourly rate for all hours
worked.7 Part of the negotiated scale; not included in the basic scale shown.8 After 1 year of service, 1 week; after 5 years of service, 2 weeks.9 Contract provides for this benefit; amount of contribution not reported separately.10 Contract provides for this benefit; payments suspended until July 1, 1962.11 For each 20 days worked in previous year, 1 day.12 After 1 year of service, 1 week; after 2 years of service, 2 weeks.13 Each 45 calendar days on active payroll, 5 hours' vacation pay.14 After 1 year of service, 1 week, 40 hours, at regular pay rate; sifter 2 years of service, 2 weeks, 80 hours, at regular pay rate.15 17 cents as part of negotiated scale paid to sick benefit and vacation fund; not included in basic scale shown. Separate data not
available.16 Includes contribution for vacation and holidays; separate data not available.17 To worker each pay period in addition to negotiated basic scale.18 After 1,600 hours service between May 1 and April 30, 2 weeks.19 Less than 5 years of service, 8 cents per hour worked, not to exceed 40 hour's pay; after 5 years service, 16 cents per hour worked,
not to exceed 80 hour's pay.20 After 6 months of service, 2*/* percent of hourly rate for all hours worked; after 5 years of service, 4 l/j percent of hourly rate for all
hours worked.21 To worker, after 1 year service with a minimum of 1,600 hours worked, 1 week vacation at regular rate of pay. After 4 1-week vaca
tions, worker qualifies for vacation of 2 weeks at regular rate of pay.22 35-hour workweek.23 To worker, after 1 year of service, 2 percent of gross earnings for 12 months immediately preceding last anniversary date of hiring; after
2 years of service, 21/z percent; after 3 years of service, 3 percent; after 4 years of service, 3Vz percent; after 5 years of service, 4 percent.24 To worker at time of vacation.25 To worker the last week in March, June, September, and December.26 To worker after 5 years of service with 1, 500 hours worked in previous year, 1 week. If worked less than 1, 500 hours, vacation is prorated.27 To worker after 1 year of service with 2, 000 hours worked, 1 week. If worked less than 2, 000 hours, vacation is prorated.28 42V2 -hour workweek.29 30 -hour workweek.30 1-hour vacation accumulated for each 40 hours straight-time worked during contract year.31 38V» -hour workweek.32 37 % -hour workweek.33 Up to 1 year, 12 cents per hour worked; after 1 year, 2 weeks.34 After 1 year of service, 1 week; after 2 years of service, 2 weeks; after 12 years of service, 3 weeks.
* U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1962 0—637386
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