bls_1292_1961.pdf

IOWA STATETEA"' ' 0 ; LEGE

JUL3 1961

Li i \ M r( Y

Union Wages and Hours: Printing Industry

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Trend ,1907-60

Bulletin No. 1292

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary

BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS Ew an Claguo, Commissioner

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Union Wages and Hours

Printing Industry

July 1, I960and

Trend, 1907-60

Bulletin No. 1292M ay 1961

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For solo by tho Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office/ Washington 25, D.C. Price 35 cents


Preface

The Bureau o f Labor Statistics conducts annual surveys of wage rates and scheduled hours of w ork for specified crafts or jobs as provided in labor-m anagem ent agreem ents in four industries: Building construction,printing, lo ca l transit, and loca l trucking. The studies present the wage rates in effect as o f July 1 o f each year as reported to the Bureau by the appropriate loca l labor organizations in each of the c it ie s .

Inform ation on the union sca les and hours p reva iling in each city is available in Septem ber o f each year upon request to the Bureau's regional o ffice s . A nationwide sum m ary report o f rates in the printing trades was issued in January 1961. This bulletin provides additional data and indexes o f the trend of wages and hours for the period 190760. It was prepared in the Bureau's D ivision o f Wages and Industrial Relations by Thomas C. M obley under the d irection o f John F. Laciskey.


Contents

P age

S um m ary ________________________________________________________________________________ 1S cope and m eth od o f study ____________________________________________________________ 1T ren d and s ca le ch an ges ______________________________________________________________ 2Rate v a r ia t io n s by type o f w ork ______________________________________________________ 2C ity and re g io n a l v a r ia t io n s _________________________________________________________ 3Standard w ork w eek ____________________________________________________________________ 4Health, insurance, and pension plans _________________________________ 4U nion s c a le s by city and trad e _______________________________________________________ 5

T a b le s :

1. In d exes o f union h ou rly w age s c a le s in the prin tin g tra d e s , 190760 __ >2. In dexes o f union h ou rly w age s c a le s in ea ch prin tin g tra d e , 190760 73. P e r ce n t ch an ges in union w age ra tes and p e rce n t o f un ion p rin tin g

tra d e s w o r k e r s a ffe cte d , July 1, 1959July 1, I960 __________________ 94. C e n ts -p e r -h o u r in c r e a s e s in union w age ra tes and p e rce n t o f union

p rin tin g tra d e s w o r k e r s a ffe cte d , July 1, 1959July 1, I960 _______ 95. A v era g e union h ou rly w age ra tes in the prin tin g tra d e s ,

July 1, I960, and in c r e a s e s in ra tes , July 1, 1959July 1, I960 ___ 106 . In c re a s e s in union w age ra tes in the prin tin g tra d e s by city ,

reg ion , and in d u stry bran ch , July 1, 1959July 1, I960 _____________ l l7. D istr ib u tion o f union m e m b e rs in the prin tin g tra d e s by h ou rly

w age ra tes and by tra d e , July 1, I960 __________________________________ 128 . A v era g e union h ou rly w age ra tes in the prin tin g tra d es by city

and popu lation grou p , July 1, I960 ______________________________________ 139. A v era g e union h ou rly w age ra tes in the prin tin g tra d e s by

re g io n and by trad e , July 1, I960 _______________________________________ 1410. D istr ib u tion o f union m e m b e rs in the prin tin g tra d e s by

s tra ig h t-t im e w eek ly h ou rs , July 1, I960 ______________________________ 1411. In dexes o f union w eek ly h ou rs in the prin tin g tra d e s , 190760 _______ 1512. In dexes o f union w eek ly h ou rs in ea ch p rin tin g trad e , 190760 ---------- 1613. U nion s ca le s o f w a ges and h ou rs in the prin tin g tra d e s in

53 c it ie s , July 1, 1959, and July 1, I960 ______________________________ 18

v


Union Wages and Hours: Printing Industry, July 1, 1960

Summary

Negotiated wage sca les for union printing trades w orkers in cities o f 1 0 0 , 000 or m ore population continued to m ove upward during the year ending July 1, I960. Hourly wagesca les rose an average o f 9 cents, or 2 . 9 percent, during the 1 2 -m onth period, a cco r d ing to the Bureau o f Labor Statistics 54th annual survey o f union sca les in the printing trades. The rise amounted to 10 cents in book and job shops and to 8 cents in new spaper establishm ents.

Labor-m anagem ent contract provisions that becam e effective between July 1, 1959,and July 1, I960, advanced the hourly wagesca les for seven-eighths of the printing tradesm en included in the survey. The upward adjustment varied from 10 to 12 cents for three-tenths o f the w orkers, from 6 to 8 cents for a tenth, and from 8 to 10 cents for a sixth. Scale advances amounted to 12 cents or m ore for a fifth of the tradesm en. 1

Union hourly sca les on July 1, I960, asa result o f these w idespread rate changes, averaged $3 . 23 for all printing-trades w ork ers studied $ 3. 08 in book and job shops and $ 3 .4 8 in newspaper plants. Rates o f $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3. 60 an hour w ere specified in negotiated agreem ents for approxim ately half o f the printing-trades w orkers and of $3.60 or m ore fo r nearly a fourth.

W eekly w ork schedules at straight-tim e rates o f pay d ecreased slightly during the year and averaged 36. 6 hours on July 1, I 9 6 0 , com pared with 36. 7 hours on July 1, 1959. The m ost com m on workweek, 371/ 2 hours, was applicable to 43 percent o f the w ork ers . Straight-tim e workw eeks of 36*/4 hours w ere in effect fo r 32 percent of the printing craftsm en, while those o f 35 hours prevailed fo r 19 percent.

Health and w elfare program s w ere p r o vided in labor-m anagem ent agreem ents c o v ering alm ost three-fourths o f the printing

1 F or ease o f reading, in this and su bsequent d iscu ssion s o f tabulations, the lim its of the c lass intervals are designated as 10 to 12 cents, 3 to 5 percent, e t c ., instead of using the m ore p re c ise term inology, " 1 0 and under 12 cents, 3 and under 5 percent, n etc.

craftsm en. Pension plan provision s w ere contained in agreem ents affecting slightly m ore than tw o-fifths of the w orkers included in the study.

Scope and Method of Study

Union sca les are defined as the minimum basic wage sca les (excluding holiday, v a ca tion, or other benefit paym ents regularly made or cred ited to the w orker each pay period) or m axim um schedules o f hours at straight-tim e rates agreed upon through c o l lective bargaining between trade unions and em ployers. Rates in excess o f the negotiated minimum, which may be paid fo r specia l qualifications or other reasons, are not included.

The inform ation presented in this bulletin was based on union sca les in effect on July 1, I 9 6 0 , and covered approxim ately 1 1 0 , 0 0 0 printing-trades w orkers in 53 cities with populations o f 100, 000 or m ore . Data w ere obtained prim arily from loca l union o ffic ia ls by m ail questionnaire; in som e instances, representatives o f the Bureau of Labor Statistics v isited loca l union o ffic ia ls to obtain the desired inform ation.

The current survey was designed to r e flect union wage sca les in the printing in dustry in all cities o f 1 00 , 000 or m ore inhabitants. A ll cities with 500, 000 or m ore inhabitants w ere included, as w ere m ost cities in the 250, 000 to 500, 000 population group. The cities in the 100, 000 to 250, 000 group selected fo r study w ere distributed widely throughout the United States. Data for som e of the cities included in the study in the two sm aller size groups w ere weighted to com pensate for cities which w ere not surveyed. To provide appropriate rep resen tation in the com bination of data, each g e o graphic region and population group was considered separately when city weights w ere assigned.

A verage hourly sca les , designed to show current levels , are based on all sca les r e ported in effect on July 1, I960. Individualsca les w ere weighted by the number o f union m em bers having each rate. These averages are not designed fo r p rec ise y e a r -to -y e a r com parisons because of fluctuations in m em bership and in job classifica tion s studied. Average cen ts-p er -h ou r and percent changes


2from July 1, 1959, to July 1, I960, are based on com parable quotations for the various o c cupational cla ssifica tion s in both periods weighted by the m em bersh ip reported for the current survey. The index s e r ie s , designed for trend purposes , is s im ila rly constructed.

Trend and Scale Changes

Rate rev isions effective between July 1, 1959, and July 1, I960, as provided in labor - managem ent agreem ents, ra ised the level of union hourly sca les for printing-trades w ork ers 2 .9 percent. This r is e , the sm allest annual gain since the 2 . 6 -percen t increase reg istered in the year ending July 1, 1956,advanced the Bureau *s index o f union hourly wage sca les to 152.6 percent o f the January 2, 1948July 1, 1949, average (table 1). R e flected in the increase w ere gains o f 3. 3 p e r cent for book and job (com m ercia l) shops and 2. 3 percent for newspaper establishm ents (table 5), which ra ised the indexes for these branches o f the industry to 154.8 and 148.3 , resp ective ly .

The rate o f advance varied among in dividual trades and geographical regions for both types o f printing establishm ents. Scale levels rose 4. 1 percent for bindery wom en and from 2 . 6 to 3 .6 percent for all other trades in book and job shops, and from 2 . 1 to2 . 7 percent for the various printing trades in newspaper plants (table 5). R egionally , the advances varied from 2 . 5 to 3. 9 percent for com m ercia l print shops and from 1 . 6 to3 .4 percent for newspaper establishm ents (table 6 ).

On a cen ts-p er -h ou r b a s is , hourly sca les increased an average of 9 . 9 cents in book and job shops and 7. 8 cents in newspaper plants. Am ong individual trades, how ever, advances in average hourly sca les showed re la tively little variation. They ranged from7 .4 cents for bindery wom en to 12.8 cents for stereotypers in book and job shops, and from 7 . 2 cents for hand com positors to 9 . 2 cents for stereotypers in newspaper estab lish m ents. G eographically , average hourly scale in creases varied m ore w idely in newspaper plants than in com m ercia l shops. The advances ranged from 4. 9 cents in the Southeast to 11.4 cents in the B order States for newspaper w ork and from 7 .4 cents in New England to 11.7 cents in the P a cific region for book and job shop work.

Many o f the union contracts in effect on July 1, I960, had been negotiated for 2yea rs a few w ere for longer p eriods. C ontracts of m ore than a year*s duration f r e quently provided for wage reopenings or co n tained provision s for p eriod ic in crea ses. Even though individual contracts provided for

in crea ses at various specified dates, only those sca les that actually becam e effective between July 1, 1959, and July 1, I960, were included in the current study. Some of these scale rev isions w ere provided for in con tracts which becam e effective b efore July 1, 1959. A number o f agreem ents negotiated during the year ending July 1, I960, containprovision s for rate in creases after that date. Thus, the sca le rev isions presented herein do not re flect the total wage sca le changes negotiated in individual contracts during the survey year.

Union hourly wage sca les w ere increased between July 1, 1959, and July 1, I960, for 92 percent of the printing-trades w orkers in book and job shops and for 77 percent o f those in newspaper establishm ents. Rates rose for nine-tenths or m ore of the w orkers in 8 o f the 12 crafts in book and job shops and for at least three-fourths of those in 6 of the 8 trades in newspaper plants.

Advances in hourly sca les during the year ending July 1, I960, ranged from 8 to12 cents for nearly half o f the printing tradesm en and amounted to 12 cents or m ore for a fifth. In book and job shops, 16 percent of the w orkers had upward adjustments o f 8 to 10 cents; 32 percent, 10 to 12 cents; and 24 percent, 12 cents or m ore . F or new spaper plants, the com parable percentages w ere 17, 26, and 15, resp ective ly . About a fifth o f the w orkers in both branches of the industry had advances o f less than 8 cents an hour (table 4).

The in creases in hourly sca les re p resented gains o f 2 to 4 percent for half o f the printing craftsm en in both types of shops. Scales rose 4 to 6 percent for three-tenths o f the book and job shop w orkers and for slightly m ore than a tenth in newspaper e s tablishm ents. Rates advanced at least 6 percent for a tenth o f the printing tradesm en in book and job shops and for a twentieth in newspaper plants (table 3).

Rate Variations by Type of Work

C om m ercia l (book and job) printshops produce many different item s in varying quantities; newspaper establishm ents, on the other hand, are geared to m ass production o f a single, recu rrin g item at regular intervals. Because of these variation s, the com position o f the labor fo rce d iffers m ateria lly in each type of printing establishm ent. A substantial proportion o f the labor fo rce in com m ercia l shops is com prised o f bindery w om en, m a ile r s , and press assistants and fe e d e rs , who typ ica lly p erform routine and less skilled tasks; in newspaper printing, how ever, jo u r neymen are required in greater proportions to m eet daily dem ands. These different


3w o rk -fo rce requirem ents are reflected in the average rates, which take into account the number o f printing-trades w orkers at the various rates of pay in each type of establishm ent.

Union hourly sca les o f printing-trades w orkers , on July 1, i960, averaged $ 3. 08in book and job shops and $ 3 .48 in new spaper establishm ents. Nightwork sca les in newspaper plants averaged about 7 percent, o r 23 cents, higher than daywork sca les $ 3 .5 9 com pared with $ 3 .3 6 (table 7). B ecause relatively few w orkers are em ployed on nightwork in book and job shops, in fo r m ation fo r such w orkers was excluded from the survey.

Although the average sca le for daywork was higher in newspaper plants than in co m m e rc ia l shops, there was no consistent pattern o f rate d ifferentials among occupational c la ss ifica tion s com m on to both types of printing. Daywork sca les fo r m a ilers w ere, on the average, 9 cents m ore in newspaper establishm ents than in book and job shops; stereotypers and photo eng ravers on co m m e rcia l w ork averaged 36 and 21 cents, re s p e c tively, above day-sh ift w orkers in these crafts in newspaper establishm ents.

Hourly sca les in effect on July 1, I960,varied w idely for unionized printing-trades w orkers in both types o f establishm ents in the cities surveyed. In book and job shops, negotiated hourly rates ranged from $ 1 .3 9 fo r som e assistants and feeders on platen p resses in M em phis, to $4. 65 fo r f ir s t p r e s s m en on 4 -c o lo r offset p resses in St. Louis. Scales o f $ 3. 10 to $ 3. 60 an hour w ere sp e c ified in agreem ents for slightly m ore than tw o-fifths of the printing tradesm en in co m m ercia l shops. Rates of $ 2 .6 0 to $ 3 .1 0 w ere provided for a sixth and o f $ 3. 60 or m ore fo r a sim ila r proportion . Negotiated rates o f le ss than $ 2 .6 0 an hour w ere applicable to a fifth o f the w orkers on July 1, I960; included in this group w ere all the bindery women, a fourth o f the m a ilers , and a fifth of the p ress assistants and feed ers . Among bindery women, tw o-th irds had rates of less than $ 1 .9 0 an hour and a fourth had sca les ranging from $ 2 to $ 2. 50. All o f the e lectrotyp ers and virtually all o f the s te re o typers and photoengravers had contract rates o f at least $ 3 an hour. Half o f the e lectro - typers, tw o-th irds o f the stereotypers, and th ree-fou rth s of the photo eng ravers had rates o f $ 3 .6 0 o r m ore as did few er than a sixth o f the w orkers in seven other trades. Slightly m ore than a third o f the com posing room w orkers had sca les ranging from $ 3. 50 to $ 3 .6 0 an hour (table 7).

Individual rates in newspaper estab lish ments ranged from $ 2. 41 fo r day-sh ift m a ilers in Little Rock to $ 4 .9 8 for n ight-shift stereotypers on Germ an and P olish language newspapers in C hicago. Hourly sca les o f $ 3 .1 0 to $ 3 .6 0 w ere specified in la b o r - management agreem ents fo r 65 percent o f the dayw orkers and 46 percent o f the nightwork - e rs ; o f $ 3 .6 0 o r m ore fo r 19 and 49 p e r cent o f the w orkers , respectively . Rates o f at least $ 3 .6 0 prevailed for som e w orkers in each of the newspaper printing trades; fou r-fifth s o f the photo eng ravers and th ree - fourths o f the p ressm en -in -ch a rg e had such sca les . At least a fourth of the w orkers in each o f these two printing trades had rates o f $ 4 or m ore and none had sca les o f less than $3 . 10 an hour.

In book and job print shops, average h ou rly sca les fo r the individual trades, except fo r bindery wom en ($ 1 .8 7 ), ranged from $ 2. 75 fo r p ress assistants and feeders to $ 3. 94 fo r photo eng ravers. Of the rem aining nine trades, only one had sca les averaging less than $ 3 an hour; for s ix o f these, the average exceeded $ 3. 30 an hour. Among the eight trades studied in newspaper estab lishm ents, average hourly sca les w ere low est ($ 3 .1 9 ) for m a ilers and highest ($ 3 .8 3 ) for p ressm en -in -ch a rg e . Except for photoengravers ($ 3 . 82), average sca les for the other crafts showed little variation ; they ranged from $ 3 .4 7 to $ 3 . 5 3 an hour.

Nightwork sca les on newspapers averaged 23 cents, o r 6 .8 percent, above daywork sca les . Among individual trades, d iffe ren tials favoring n ight-shift w orkers ranged from 18 to 35 cents. In percentage term s, the d ifferentia ls ranged from 5 .2 to 9 .5 percent.

City and Regional Variations

Labor-m anagem ent contract p rovision s effective during the 12 months ending July 1, I960, resulted in increased wage sca les for at least som e printing-trades w orkers in each o f the 53 cities surveyed. No effective sca les , however, w ere reported for book and job shops in Charlotte, N. C. , or fo r newspaper plants in Portland, Or eg. Average hourly sca les for book and job shops increased 6 to 8 cents in 11 cities , 8 to 10 cents in 20 cities, 10 to 12 cents in 10 cities, and 12 or m ore cents in 4 c it ie s . F or newspaper work, average sca les advanced 6 to 8 cents in 8 cities, 8 to 10 cents in 12 cities, 10 to 12 cents in 13 cities, and 12 or m ore cents in 7 others. In term s o f percent, the in crea ses represented gains o f 3 to 4 percent for book and job printing in half of the cities


4and for newspaper w ork in a fourth; o f 2 to 3 percent in a fourth and tw o-fifths o f the c it ie s , resp ective ly , for book and job shops and newspaper plants. Gains o f 4. or m ore percent w ere record ed in about a tenth o f the cities for both types o f printing establishm ents (table 6).

The city and regional averages presented in tables 8 and 9 w ere designed to show cu r rent levels o f rates; they do not m easure d ifferen ces in union sca les among areas. Scales for individual cra fts , o f co u rse , varied from city to city . The city and regional averages, how ever, w ere influenced not only by d ifferen ces in rates among cities and r e gions, but a lso by d ifferen ces in the p ro p o r tion o f organized w orkers in the various cra fts . Thus, a particu lar craft or c la s s i fication m ay not be organized in som e areas or m ay be organized less intensively in som e areas than in others; and, a lso , certain types o f w ork w ere found in som e areas but not in oth ers , or to a greater extent in som e areas than in others. These d ifferen ces w ere re flected in the weighting of individual rates by the num ber o f union m em bers at the rate. H ence, even though rates for a ll individual crafts in two areas m ay be identica l, the average for all crafts com bined in each area m ay d iffer .

Grouping the cities a ccord in g to population size shows that average union hourly sca les varied by size o f city and that there was less variation for book and job printing than for new spaper. F or book and job shops, sca les averaged highest ($ 3. 25) in the group o f cities with a m illion or m ore inhabitants and low est ($ 2. 91) in the group of cities with populations o f 100,000 to 250,000, the sm allest size studied. In the two interm ediate groups (250,000 to 500,000 and 500,000 to 1 ,00 0 ,00 0 ), the averages w ere $ 2 .9 9 and $ 2 .9 8 an hour, resp ective ly . H ourly sca les for newspaper w orkers averaged $ 3. 64 for the largest size city group, $ 3 .2 6 for the sm allest size group, $ 3 .5 0 for the group with 500,000 to 1 ,000,000 inhabitants and $ 3 .4 3 for the group of cities with 250,000 to500,000 (table 8).

An overlapping o f average sca les existed among the cities in the d ifferent size groups for both types o f printing establishm ents. F or exam ple, the average sca le for Oakland in the 250,000 to 500,000 group was exceeded by that o f only one o f the larger size cities in the newspaper branch and by none of those in the com m ercia l branch.

On a reg ional basis, average union hourly sca les for all printing-trades w orkers co m bined varied from $ 2. 98 in the Southeast to

$ 3 .4 3 in the P a cific region . The national average ($ 3. 23) was a lso exceeded by the Middle Atlantic and G reat Lakes regions (table 9). In book and job shops, union hourly sca les averaged highest ($ 3. 34) in the P a cific reg ion and low est ($2.65) in the Southw est region . F or newspaper w ork , the low est ($3 . 12) and the highest ($ 3 .5 9 ) averages w ere in the Southeast and P a cific reg ion s, resp ective ly .

Standard Workweek

W eekly w ork schedules at straight-tim e rates o f pay declined slightly during the year for printing-trades w orkers in cities of100,000 or m ore population. Such schedules averaged 36 .6 hours on July 1, I960, co m pared with 36.7 hours on July 1, 1959. The average weekly schedule for day-sh ift work was 36. 6 hours in book and job shops and 36 .9 hours in newspaper plants; for night- shift w ork on new spapers, the average sch ed ule was 36 hours a week (table 10).

The m ost prevalent straight-tim e w ork w eek, 371fz hours, a ffected 40 percent o f the w orkers in com m ercia l shops and 48 percent o f those in newspaper plants. W orkweeks of 36lU hours w ere specified for 35 percent and 28 percent of the printing tradesm en in book and job shops and newspaper establishm ents, resp ective ly , and of 35 hours for 21 percent o f the com m ercia l shop w orkers and 16 p e r cent o f those on new spapers. Agreem ents stipulating weekly w ork schedules o f m ore than 37V2 hours w ere in effect for about 4 percent o f the com m ercia l shops w orkers and for few er than 0. 5 percent o f those on new spaper. C on versely , schedules o f less than 35 w eekly hours affected few er than 0. 5 p e r cent of the w orkers in book and job shops but w ere in effect for 6 percent o f those on newspaper w ork.

In newspaper establishm ents, w eekly schedules for nightwork w ere generally sh orter than for daywork. W orkweeks o f 35 hours or less affected a third o f the night-shift w orkers and a tenth o f the day-sh ift w orkers . Standard w eekly schedules o f 37 V2 hours w ere m ore com m on for day-sh ift w orkers than for n ight-sh ift, the com parable proportions w ere 64 and 31 p ercent, respectively .

Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

Negotiated health, insurance, and pension program s in the printing industry have in creased in recent y e a rs , although less rapidly


5than in som e other industries. 2 The rate of developm ent has undoubtedly been influenced by program s operated by a number o f unions fo r many years , which provide m em bers with one or m ore types o f benefits.

Labor-m anagem ent agreem ents containing provision s fo r health and insurance plans affected substantially m ore w orkers than did those providing pension program s alm ost three-fourths com pared with slightly m ore than tw o-fifth s. The number of printing tradesm en covered by provision s of each of these plans increased slightly during the

2 The prevalence o f negotiated health, insurance, and pension program s in the prin ting industry was first studied by the Bureau as o f July 1, 1954. Inform ation gathered on these plans was restr icted to those financed entirely or in part by the em ployer. Plans financed by w orkers through union dues or assessm en ts w ere excluded. No attempt was made to secure inform ation on the kind and extent o f benefits provided or on the cost of plans providing such benefits.

year. Health and insurance plans w ere in e f fect fo r nearly fou r-fifth s o f printing tra d e s men in book and job shops and tw o-th irds o f those in newspaper plants. Pension plan provision s affected slightly m ore than tw o- fifths o f the tradesm en in each type o f e stabli shm ent.

Of the w orkers provided health and in surance protection , about 93 percent w ere covered by plans financed entirely by the em ployer. Such plans w ere incorporated in agreem ents applicable to 94 and 91 percent o f the protected w orkers in book and job and newspaper establishm ents, resp ective ly . S im ilarly financed pension plans prevailed for about seven-eights o f the w orkers covered by contracts providing this benefit 93 p e r cent in com m ercia l shops and 73 percent in newspaper establishm ents.

Union Scales by City and Trade

Union sca les o f wages and hours in e f fect on July 1, 1939, and July 1, I960, fo rthe individual trades in each of the 53 cities included in the study are shown in table 13.


6T A B L E 1. In d exes 1 o f un ion h ou rly w age s c a le s in the p rin tin g tra d e s , 1907-60

(Janu ary 2, 1948 July 1, 1949 = 100)

Date P rin tin g B ook and jo b N ew sp ap er

1907: M ay 15 _____ ______________ ( ! ) 15. 0 19. 41908: M ay 15 _____________________ ( ! ) 1 6 .6 20. 41909: M ay 15 _____________________ ( ! ) 17. 8 21. 31910: M ay 15 ----- ------------- __ . . ( 2) 18. 8 22. 01911: M ay 15 ___________________ 1 9 .9 19. 3 22. 41912: M ay 15 ___________________ 20. 3 19. 6 22. 81913: M ay 15 _____________________ 20. 7 20. 0 23. 21914: M ay 15 _____________________ 21. 0 20. 4 23. 51915: M ay 15 _______________________ 21. 2 20. 5 23. 6

1916: M ay 15 _____________________ 2 1 .4 20. 8 23. 71917: M ay 15 _____________________ 22. 1 21. 5 24. 31918: M ay 15 _______________________ 24. 0 23. 9 25. 51919: M ay 15 _______________________ 29. 4 2 9 .4 30. 81920: M ay 15 _______________________ 37. 7 38. 4 37. 61921: M ay 15 _______________________ 41. 3 42. 2 40. 91922: M ay 15 _______________________ 4 1 .8 42. 4 41. 31923: M ay 15 ----------------------------------- 43. 0 44. 1 41. 81924: M ay 15 _______________________ 45. 1 45. 9 44. 3

1925: M ay 15 _______________________ 45. 8 46. 4 45. 11926: M ay 15 _______________________ 4 6 .8 47. 4 46. 11927: M ay 15 _______________________ 48. 2 48. 6 47. 41928: M ay 15 _______________________ 49. 1 49. 2 48. 61929: M ay 15 _______________________ 49. 8 49. 9 49. 51930: M ay 15 _______________________ 50. 6 50. 8 50. 01931: M ay 15 _______________________ 50. 8 51. 1 50. 11932: M ay 15 ----------------------------------- 50. 5 50. 6 50. 01933: M ay 15 _______________________ 47. 5 47. 8 4 6 .8

1934: M ay 15 _______________________ 48. 5 49. 1 47 . 41935: M ay 15 _______________________ 50. 3 50. 2 50. 31936: M ay 15 _______________________ 51. 5 51. 6 51. 01937: M ay 15 _______________________ 53. 2 53. 3 52. 91938: June 1 ------------------------------------ 54. 9 55. 1 54. 31939: June 1 ------------------------------------ 55. 4 55. 5 55. 01940: June 1 ------------------------------------ 56. 2 56. 0 56. 21941: June 1 ------------------------------------ 56. 8 56. 6 5 6 .91942: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 59. 3 59. 1 59. 4

1943: Ju ly 1 _________________________ 61. 1 60. 7 6 1 .91944: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 62. 6 62. 3 63. 31945: July 1 -------------------------------------- 63. 5 63. 1 64. 11946: Ju ly 1 _________________________ 74. 3 74. 2 74. 51948: Jan. 2 ------------------------------------ 94. 3 94. 3 94. 31949: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 105. 7 105. 7 105. 71950: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 107. 9 108. 2 107. 41951: Ju ly 1 _________________________ 112. 4 112. 1 112. 71952: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 118. 8 119. 3 117. 6

1953: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 123. 5 124. 0 122. 31954: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 127. 1 127. 6 125. 91955: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 130. 7 131. 4 128. 91956: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 134. 1 134. 9 132. 11957: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 138. 9 1 3 9 .9 136. 41958: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 143. 6 144. 7 140. 81959: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 148. 3 149. 8 145. 0I960: Ju ly 1 -------------------------------------- 152. 6 154. 8 148. 3

1 Index s e r ie s d es ig n ed fo r tren d p u r p o s e s ; p e r io d ic a l ch an ges in union s c a le s a re b a sed on c o m p a ra b le quotations fo r the v a r io u s o ccu p a tion s in c o n se cu t iv e p e r io d s , w eigh ted by n u m b er o f un ion m e m b e r s rep o r te d at ea ch qu ota tion in the c u rre n t su rv ey p e r io d s .

2 C om b in ed data fo r y e a r s 19 07-10 not a v a ila b le .


7T A B L E 2. In d e x e s1 of union hourly wage sc a le s in each printing trade , 190760

(January 2, 1 9 4 8 -July 1, 1949 = 100)__________

Book and job

Date Binderyw om en

B ookbinders

C o m p o sito r s ,hand

E le c tr o typers

Machineo p era

tors

M achineten ders

(m ach in ists)

M a ile rsPhoto -

eng ra v e rs

P r e s s a s s is t

ants and fee d e rs

P r e s s m en,

cylinder

P r e s s m en,platen

1907 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 1 6 .7 1 7 .9 17. 1 20 . 3 13. 0 1 8 .4 1 7 .31908 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- - 18. 5 17. 9 17. 1 2 1 .0 - - - 14. 4 1 9 .3 1 7 .91909 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- - 1 8 .7 1 7 .9 17. 2 2 1 .8 - - - 1 4 .6 2 0 .9 18 . 51910 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- - 18. 9 1 8 .7 17. 9 22 . 6 - - - 1 4 .9 2 1 .0 1 8 .81911 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- - 19. 2 19. 2 18. 9 22 . 8 " 15 . 5 2 1 .5 1 9 .2

1912 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 1 9 .3 19. 6 1 9 .2 23 . 4 2 2 .4 . _ 1 5 .8 21 . 8 1 9 .51913 M ay 15 __________________________ - 19. 8 19. 9 19. 6 24 . 0 22 . 8 - - 16. 1 22 . 1 19 . 81914 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- - 20 . 1 20 . 4 20. 5 24 . 2 22 . 8 - - 1 6 .6 22 . 6 20 . 21915 M ay i 5 __________________________ 16. 8 20 . 2 20 . 5 20. 9 24 . 3 23 . 0 - - 1 6 .7 2 2 .6 20 . 21916 M ay 1 5 --------------------------------------- 17. 1 20 . 2 20. 9 21. 5 24 . 3 2 3 .0 " 20 . 5 1 6 .9 22 . 9 20 . 6

1917 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 18. 3 2 1 .4 21. 3 22 . 2 24. 9 23 . 5 22 . 3 17. 8 2 3 .4 2 1 .71918 M ay 15 ---------- -------------------------- 2 0 .4 24 . 1 23 . 5 23. 3 26. 9 25 . 8 - 23 . 6 2 0 .8 2 5 .9 2 3 .91919 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 2 6 .4 30 . 8 28 . 8 26. 7 32 . 5 3 1 .8 - 27 . 5 26 . 8 3 1 .4 2 9 .31920 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 36 . 5 4 0 .4 37 . 9 38. 2 4 1 . 3 39 . 8 - 38 . 0 36 . 8 4 0 .8 3 9 .71921 M ay 15 ---------- ----------- ----------- 42 . 6 4 4 . 3 43 . 4 44 . 5 46 . 8 4 6 . 0 40 . 5 39 . 8 4 5 . 0 4 4 . 3

1922 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 4 1 . 2 4 2 . 5 4 4 . 2 4 5 .4 4 6 .8 4 5 . 5 4 0 .9 38 . 5 44 . 0 4 3 .41923 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 4 3 . 1 4 5 . 1 45 . 2 48 . 2 47 . 7 46 . 4 - 4 1 . 3 4 3 . 2 47 . 5 4 5 . 21924 M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 4 3 . 7 4 7 . 1 4 7 . 3 50. 0 4 9 . 7 4 8 .4 - 44 . 2 42 . 8 48 . 9 4 6 . 61925 M ay 15 ------------------------ ----------- 4 4 . 2 4 7 .6 47 . 0 49 . 8 4 9 .7 4 8 . 5 - 45 . 3 45 . 2 4 9 . 5 4 6 .81926 M ay 15 ------------- ----------------------- 4 3 . 4 4 8 . 4 47 . 9 50. 3 50. 3 50. 2 48 . 2 45 . 7 50 . 5 4 9 . 0

1927: M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 4 4 . 4 4 9 . 5 48 . 8 50. 9 52. 3 50. 4 50. 5 4 6 . 3 50. 6 4 9 . 51928; M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 4 4 . 6 4 9 . 3 4 9 . 5 5 1 .3 52. 4 50 . 7 - 5 1 .9 4 6 .6 5 1 .0 4 8 .61929:: M ay 15 -------------------------------- 45 . 0 49 . 8 49 . 8 52. 5 53 . 3 51. 1 - 5 2 .7 4 7 . 0 5 1 .9 4 9 . 4193 0; M ay 15 ------------- ----------------------- 4 5 . 3 5 0 .4 50. 9 54 . 0 54. 7 52 . 0 - 52. 8 47 . 6 52. 8 50 . 21931: M ay 15 ---------- ------------- ---------- 4 5 . 5 50 . 6 51. 1 55. 2 55. 0 52. 5 ' 5 2 .9 4 7 .9 53 . 2 50 . 4

1932; M ay 15 __________________________ 4 4 .4 4 8 .8 51 . 0 55. 0 55 . 0 5 2 .9 54 . 5 4 5 . 8 5 1 .8 4 9 .41933: M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 4 2 . 6 4 7 . 0 47 . 9 51. 5 5 1 .6 4 9 . 8 - 53 . 5 42 . 7 48 . 6 4 6 . 01934: M ay 15 --------------------------------------- 4 4 . 8 4 8 .8 48 . 4 55 . 1 5 1 .7 51. 3 - 54. 3 4 4 . 3 4 9 .9 4 7 . 21935: M ay 15 __________________________ 4 5 . 2 4 9 .4 49 . 3 56. 0 52. 5 51. 5 - 57 . 8 4 5 . 3 50 . 6 4 7 . 61936; M ay 15 __________________________ 4 6 . 1 50. 1 50. 8 56. 2 54. 3 53. 1 59. 2 4 6 . 8 52 . 7 4 9 . 5

1937 M ay 15 ------------------------ -------------- 4 6 . 8 51. 5 52. 7 56. 9 55. 8 54. 7 48 . 1 5 9 .9 49 . 2 54 . 5 5 1 .81938 June 1 ___________________________ 4 9 . 1 5 3 .4 54. 4 59. 5 5 7 .4 56 . 3 5 1 .0 6 1 .4 5 1 .8 56. 2 5 3 .41939 June 1 ___________________________ 4 9 . 8 54. 4 54. 7 5 9 .9 57. 6 56. 5 51. 9 6 1 .9 52. 1 5 6 .6 5 3 .91940 June 1 ___________________________ 50 . 0 5 4 .7 55. 6 60. 1 58. 0 57. 2 53 . 3 62 . 4 5 2 .4 5 6 .9 54 . 21941 June 1 ----------------------------------------- 51 . 1 55 . 5 56. 5 61. 3 58. 5 57 . 6 53. 9 62 . 6 53. 0 57. 4 54 . 7

1942 July 1 ___________________________ 54. 1 58. 4 58. 5 62. 4 61 . 2 60 . 3 56. 7 63 . 8 56 . 1 60 . 2 57 . 41943 July 1 ___________________________ 55. 8 60 . 6 60 . 2 64. 1 63 . 0 62 . 1 57 . 7 64 . 1 57 . 9 6 1 .9 59 . 21944 July 1 _____________________ ___ 58. 6 61 . 5 62 . 1 65 . 6 63 . 5 63 . 5 59. 0 6 7 .4 59. 2 6 2 .7 60 . 21945 July 1 ----------------------------------------- 5 9 .8 6 1 .8 62 . 8 66. 9 64 . 2 64 . 5 60 . 0 68 . 9 60 . 0 6 3 .4 60 . 91946 July 1 ___________________________ 72 . 7 74 . 0 73 . 4 76 . 2 74 . 8 73 . 7 72 . 6 78 . 6 72 . 5 74 . 2 7 1 .9

1948 Ja n . 2 ----------------------------------------- 9 5 .3 94 . 6 94 . 2 93 . 0 94 . 1 94 . 3 92 . 8 92 . 8 94 . 8 94 . 8 94 . 51949 July 1 ___________________________ 104. 7 105. 4 105. 8 107. 0 105. 9 105. 7 107. 2 107. 2 105. 2 105. 2 105. 51950 July 1 ___________________________ 108. 1 108. 3 107. 5 110. 6 107. 1 106. 8 108. 9 110. 6 107. 8 107. 6 108. 61951 July 1 ___________________________ 112. 7 1 1 1 .2 1 1 1 .2 114. 4 110. 6 110. 1 114. 3 114. 8 112. 5 1 1 1 .7 113. 11952 July 1 ___________________________ 120. 3 1 1 9 .4 118. 0 119. 5 118. 1 117. 4 119. 5 123. 2 118. 7 118. 9 119. 5

1953 July 1 ___________________________ 125. 7 123. 3 122. 8 123. 8 122. 6 122. 8 125. 9 128. 5 123. 8 1 2 3 .4 124. 11954 July 1 __________ _____ __________ 1 3 1 .0 126. 5 125. 8 127. 3 125. 5 126. 0 130. 9 133. 1 127. 6 126. 7 127. 51955 July 1 ___________________________ 135. 6 130. 7 129. 7 129. 1 129. 6 130. 0 135. 4 136. 6 132. 1 1 3 0 .4 1 3 1 .81956 July 1 ___________________________ 139. 5 134 . 8 132. 9 133. 5 132. 6 133. 2 139. 4 139. 5 135. 8 133. 7 135. 61957 July 1 ___________________________ 147. 2 139. 7 137. 8 138. 1 137. 7 138. 2 144. 6 143. 9 140. 8 138. 0 140. 91958 July 1 ___________________________ 152. 2 144. 8 1 4 1 .9 143. 1 1 4 1 .7 142. 4 150. 3 148. 7 146. 0 143. 1 146. 51959 July 1 ___________________________ 159. 5 151. 1 145. 9 147. 8 146. 0 146. 2 155. 8 153. 7 150. 8 1 4 7 .7 152. 2I9 60 July 1 ___________________________ 166. 1 156. 2 151. 0 152. 2 1 5 1 .0 151. 2 1 6 1 .4 1 5 8 .7 155. 5 1 5 1 .8 156. 2

See footnote at end of table.


8T A B L E 2. Indexes 1 o f union h ourly wage sc a le s in each printing tra d e , 190760 Continued

(January 2 , 1 9 48 -J u ly 1, 1949 = 100)

N ew spaper

Date C o m p o sito rs , hand

M achineo p e ra

tors

M achineten ders

(m ach in ists )

M a ile rs Photo - en gravers

W eb p r e ssm e n

S te re o typersJ ou rn ey

m enM e n -in -charge

Jou rn eym en and m e n -in - charge

com bined

1907 M ay 15 __________ _______ _ _________ 19. 8 20. 3 18. 3 20. 51908 M ay 15 __ _ _ ........ .......... .......... 20. 9 21. 2 - - - - - 19. 5 21. 61909 M ay 15 _______________________________ 22. 0 21. 9 - - - - - 20. 3 22. 31910 M ay 15 ___________________ _________ 23. 0 22. 6 - - - - - 21. 0 22. 81911 M ay 15 ______________________________ 2 3 .4 22. 7 - " - 21. 1 23. 0

1912 M ay 15 _______________________________ 23. 9 23. 2 25. 1 2 1 .4 23. 31913 M ay 15 24. 3 23. 6 25. 3 - - - - 21. 9 24. 71914 M ay 15 _______________________________ 24. 6 23. 8 2 5 .4 - - - - 22. 0 25. 01915 M ay 15 _______________________________ 24. 7 24. 0 25. 6 - - - - 22. 2 25. 01916 M ay 15 _ _ _ _ __ ______ _ 24. 8 24. 2 25. 7 - 2 2 .4 - - 22. 3 25. 3

1917 M ay 15 .............. ........................ .............. 2 5 .4 24. 9 2 5 .9 . 2 3 .4 . . 22. 7 2 5 .91918 M ay 15 ___________ _________________ 26. 6 25. 7 27. 2 - 25. 3 - - 24. 5 27. 01919 M ay 15 _______ _________________ __ 3 1 .9 31 . 3 34. 5 - 29. 8 - - 30. 2 3 0 .41 9 2 0 M ay 15 ________________________ _ 38 . 8 38. 8 4 2 . 6 - 3 4 .4 - - 37. 3 37. 11 9 2 1 M ay 15 _______________________________ 4 2 . 3 4 1 . 3 4 4 . 5 - 4 0 . 6 - - 39 . 9 4 3 . 2

1922 M ay 15 _______________________________ 4 3 . 3 4 2 .4 4 4 . 9 _ 4 2 . 6 _ 37. 9 4 2 . 61923 M ay 15 _____ _____________ 4 3 . 7 4 2 . 9 4 5 . 0 - 4 2 .4 - - 3 8 .4 4 3 .41924 M ay 15 _______________________________ 4 6 . 0 4 5 .4 4 7 . 5 - 4 4 . 2 - - 4 2 . 7 4 4 . 71925 M ay 15 __________ _____________ __ 4 6 . 3 4 6 . 3 4 6 . 2 - 4 5 . 9 - - 4 4 . 6 4 5 . 91926 M ay 15 _______________________________ 4 7 .4 4 7 . 5 4 5 . 8 _ 4 9 .4 _ _ 4 4 . 6 4 6 . 5

1927:: M ay 15 ___________________________ __ 4 9 . 0 4 8 . 5 4 8 .4 50. 1 4 6 . 9 4 7 . 01928:: M ay 15 _______________________________ 4 9 . 9 50. 3 4 9 . 5 - 52. 1 - - 4 8 . 0 4 7 . 01929:: M ay 15 ________ _ __ __________ 50. 8 50 . 8 50. 6 - 5 2 .4 - - 4 8 . 1 4 9 . 31930: M ay 15 _______________________________ 51. 3 51. 2 51. 0 - 53. 2 - - 4 9 . 0 4 9 . 61931:: M ay 15 _______ _____________________ 51. 3 51. 3 51. 1 - 53. 7 - _ 4 9 . 2 4 9 .9

1932 M ay 15 ________________ _______ __ __ 50. 8 50. 9 50. 8 _ 54. 3 . . 4 9 . 9 4 9 .41933 M ay 15 .......... ......................... ................. 4 7 .4 4 7 . 6 4 7 . 2 - 50 . 3 - - 4 6 . 7 4 6 . 61934 M ay 15 _______________________________ 4 8 . 1 4 8 . 2 4 7 . 8 - 52. 6 - - 4 6 . 8 4 7 . 31935 M ay 15 ________________________ ____ 51. 3 5 1 .4 51. 0 - 55. 1 - - 4 9 . 4 4 9 . 51936 M ay 15 _______________________________ 52. 2 52. 3 52. 0 " 56. 5 " " 4 9 . 6 50. 2

1937 : M ay 15 _______________________________ 5 4 .4 54. 5 54. 2 4 7 . 1 57. 5 _ _ 51. 2 51. 81938 J line 1 ________________________________ 55. 5 55. 8 55. 5 4 8 . 3 6 0 .4 - - 52. 6 53 . 61939 : June 1 ________ ____________ ______ 5 5 .9 56. 2 55. 8 4 8 . 7 61 . 7 53. 7 55. 0 53. 8 54. 11940 : June 1 ------------------------------------------------ 57. 1 57. 2 56. 8 50. 2 62 . 3 54. 9 56. 2 55. 1 55. 71941: June 1 ________ _____________________ 57. 8 57. 8 57. 5 52 . 2 62. 6 55. 7 56. 9 55. 9 56. 6

1942 July 1 ___________ ___________ ________ 60 . 2 60 . 3 60. 2 55. 6 63. 9 57. 8 59. 3 58. 0 59. 31943 July 1 ________________ _____________ 62 . 8 62 . 6 62 . 7 58. 5 64 . 7 60 . 7 62 . 0 60 . 9 61 . 81944 July 1 ..................................... .................. 64 . 0 64 . 0 64 . 1 59. 3 6 6 .4 62 . 2 63 . 5 62 . 4 63 . 51945 July 1 ________________________________ 64 . 8 64 . 7 64 . 9 60. 3 67 . 8 63 . 3 6 4 .4 6 3 .4 64 . 01946 July 1 ____________ _____ _________ 74 . 1 74 . 4 74 . 6 7 3 .4 77 . 8 74 . 7 75 . 7 74 . 8 74 . 0

1948: Jan. 2 _________ ______ _______________ 9 5 .2 95 . 1 95 . 1 9 3 .4 9 4 .4 93. 2 93 . 7 93 . 2 93 . 11949 : July 1 ____________ _________________ 104. 8 104. 9 104. 9 106. 6 105. 6 106. 8 106. 3 106. 8 106. 91950 : July 1 ____________________ _________ 106. 2 106. 1 106. 0 108. 3 1 0 7 .4 109. 1 109. 3 109. 2 1 0 9 .41951 : July 1 ________________________________ 111. 1 111. 0 110. 8 114. 2 111. 8 115. 0 114. 8 115. 0 114. 81952: July 1 _______________ ________________ 115. 9 115. 8 115. 7 121. 3 1 1 6 .4 119. 0 118. 5 118. 9 120. 2

1953 July 1 ________________________________ 120. 1 120. 0 1 1 9 .4 126. 5 120. 8 124. 7 1 2 4 .4 124. 6 123. 51954 July 1 ________________________________ 1 2 3 .4 123. 2 122. 5 130. 8 123. 9 128. 6 128. 5 128. 5 127. 71955 July 1 _______________________________ 126. 1 125. 9 125. 0 134. 3 126. 9 132. 1 132. 1 132. 0 131. 31956 July 1 _________________ ______ _______ 129. 3 128. 8 127. 9 138. 2 129. 7 135. 5 135. 3 135. 3 134. 21957 July 1 ________ _____________________ 133. 5 133. 2 132. 1 143. 0 1 3 3 .4 139. 9 139. 9 139. 7 138. 21958 July 1 ________________________________ 137. 6 137. 3 136. 0 148. 6 137. 9 1 4 4 .4 144. 2 144. 2 142. 71959 July 1 _______________________________ 141. 6 141. 3 140. 3 154. 3 141. 8 148. 5 148. 0 148. 3 146. 6I9 60 July 1 _____________________________ 144. 6 144. 3 143. 3 158. 2 145. 3 152. 0 1 5 1 .4 151. 8 150. 6

1 Index s e r ie s designed for trend p u rp o ses; p eriod ica l changes in union sc a le s are based on com parable quotations for the variou s occupations in c o n se c u tiv e p e r io d s , w eighted by num ber of union m e m b e rs reported at each quotation in the curren t su rvey p erio d s.


9T A B L E 3. P ercen t changes in union wage rates and percen t of union printing-trades w ork ers a ffec ted . July 1, 1959July 1, I960

P ercen t affected by

P ercen t of union printing-trades w o rk ers a ffected by in c re a se s of

TradeIn crease Nochange

Under2

percen t

2 and under 3 percent

3 and under 4 percen t

4 and under 5 percent





9percen t

andover

A ll printing tra des ______________________________ 86 . 5 13. 5 4 .4 12. 0 39. 5 1 7 .4 5. 6 3 .4 1. 8 1. 9 0. 5

Book and job 1 ____________________________________ 92. 1 7. 9 1 .4 8. 6 4 3 . 1 24. 5 5. 1 3. 9 2 .4 2. 8 0. 2B indery w om en ______________________________ 98 . 5 1. 5 1. 2 . 7 35 . 9 31. 7 8 .'3 10. 8 8. 1 1. 8 (2)B ookbinders ___________________________________ 92. 0 8. 0 - 7. 6 33 . 1 4 8 . 8 . 1 - 2. 5 -C o m p o sito rs , hand __________________ _______ 89 . 3 10. 7 1. 2 7. 0 4 8 . 9 10. 7 6. 4 3. 0 2. 2 9. 9 -E le ctro ty p ers 93. 0 7. 0 . 3 16. 5 4 4 . 3 2 6 .6 4 . 9 . 5 - - -M achine op erators __________________________ 89 . 5 10. 5 1. 7 9. 9 4 5 . 3 11. 9 6. 1 5 .4 2. 2 6 .9 -M achine ten ders (m ach in ists) ____________ 90. 7 9. 3 1. 2 6. 9 4 8 .4 18. 8 2. 8 4 . 0 2. 2 6. 5 -M a ile rs ________________________________________ 87 . 3 12. 7 3. 2 . 6 32 . 1 27. 6 10. 2 4 .5 1. 1 - 7 . 8P hotoengravers ______________________________ 97 . 6 2 .4 . 8 13. 6 54. 9 15. 3 2. 3 8. 1 - 2. 6 -P r e s s a ssista n ts and fee d e rs ____________ 90. 2 9. 8 . 6 1 1 .4 29. 9 4 2 .4 5 .4 .4 . 1 . 1 -P r e s s m e n , cylinder ________________________ 88 . 3 11. 7 3. 7 12. 3 52. 5 13. 5 5. 8 . 2 . 1 . 2 . 1P r e s s m e n , p laten ___________________________ 82 . 9 17. 1 2. 3 1 4 .4 3 9 .4 24. 0 2. 5 . 2 - - -S tereotypers ....... . 94 . 9 5. 1 - 10. 8 2 6 .4 4 5 . 3 . 8 . 4 11. 2 - -

N ew spaper _______________________________________ 76 . 9 23. 1 9. 6 18. 0 33 . 3 5. 0 6 .4 2. 7 . 6 . 3 1. 1D ayw ork ______________________________________ 78 . 0 22. 0 4 . 3 19. 8 35 . 6 7. 3 5. 3 3. 2 . 9 - 1. 5Nightw ork _____________________________________C o m p o sito rs , hand:

75 . 8 24. 2 15. 0 16. 1 30. 9 2. 6 7. 6 2. 1 . 2 . 5 . 8

D ayw ork __________________________________ 76 . 5 23. 5 3. 0 27. 6 35. 8 3. 5 4 .4 1. 6 - - . 6N ightw ork ________________________________

M achine o p erators :77 . 5 22. 5 1 6 .4 17. 8 34 . 6 6 .4 2. 3 " . 1

D ayw ork __________________________________ 78. 6 2 1 .4 2. 9 26. 3 35. 8 6. 1 4 . 8 1. 5 - - 1. 3Nightw ork _________________________________

M achine tenders (m ach in ists):79. 9 20. 1 22. 3 1 7 .4 33 . 1 - 5. 3 1. 8 _ - . 1

D ayw ork __________ ______________________ 79. 4 20. 6 2. 7 3 4 .4 3 4 .4 1. 5 3. 3 1. 2 - - 1. 9N ightw ork ________________________________

M a ile rs :80 . 5 19. 5 23. 9 20. 3 28. 3 " 3. 9 1. 2 _ " 2. 9

D ayw ork ___________ ____ ______________ 7 2 .4 27. 6 1. 9 . 6 28. 3 19. 5 7. 1 10. 3 4 . 8 - -Nightw ork ________________________________

Phot o e ngr ave r s :53. 8 4 6 . 2 1. 1 18. 9 11. 3 17. 8 3. 3 1 .4 "

Dayw ork ______________________________ __ 82. 2 17. 8 1. 3 29. 1 36 . 8 1 0 .4 . 7 1. 0 - - 2. 9Nightw ork ________ ______________________

P r e ssm e n (journeym en):85 . 2 14. 8 1. 5 4 1 . 9 32 . 7 3. 7 . 7 2. 3 ~ 2. 3

D ayw ork __________________________________ 77 . 0 23. 0 10. 7 9. 5 38. 2 6 . 6 6. 5 2. 0 . 7 - 2. 8N ightw ork ________________________________

P r e s s m e n -in -c h a r g e :81 . 3 18. 7 22. 9 11. 5 34 . 1 2. 5 5. 5 1. 2 . 6 1. 5 1. 5

D ayw ork ___________________________________ 68 . 0 32. 0 8. 5 13. 3 19. 9 3. 8 12. 3 2. 3 3. 7 - 4 . 2Nightw ork _________________________________

S te reotype rs:8 0 .4 19. 6 25. 2 13. 9 15. 1 1. 1 1 4 .4 1. 8 3. 2 . 2 5 .4

D ayw ork __________________________________ 90 . 5 9. 5 2. 2 26. 7 4 4 . 7 4 . 9 4 . 6 5. 1 . 2 - 2. 1Nightw ork ____________ __________________ 87 . 0 13. 0 2. 6 38. 7 36. 9 1. 1 3. 2 2. 2 ~ 2. 2

1 R elatively few w ork ers in book and job shops w ere em ployed on nightw ork; th erefore fro m the su rvey .

2 L e ss than 0. 05 p ercen t.

data on such w ork ers w ere excluded

N O T E : B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls .

T A B L E 4 . C e n ts -p e r -h o u r in cre a se s in union wage rates and percen t of union printing-trades w ork ers a ffected ,July 1, 1959July 1, I960

P ercen t of w orkers

affected by wage rate in cre a se s

P ercen t of union printing-trades w ork ers affected by in c re a se s of----

T rad e Under5

cents

5 and under 6

cents

6 and under 8

cents

8 and under 9

cents

9 and under 10

cents

10 and under 11

cents

11 and unde r 12

cents

1 2 and unde r 13

cents

13 and under 15

cents

15 and under 20

cents

20 cents and over

A ll printing trades __________ 86 . 5 2. 6 7. 0 10. 0 12. 2 3. 9 15. 4 14. 7 4 .4 6 . 9 5. 3 4 . 2

Book and job __________________ 9 2 . 1 2. 4 4 . 8 12. 5 11. 3 4 . 3 13. 5 18. 7 5 .4 10. 3 3 .4 5. 3B indery w om en ---------------- 98 . 5 4 .4 1 8 .7 4 7 . 0 6. 5 . 3 2. 3 10. 3 8 . 9 - (*) -Bookbinders _______________ 9 2 . 0 .6 1. 3 1. 2 15. 4 9. 0 9. 7 16. 9 2. 3 33. 2 - 2. 5C o m p o sito rs , hand _____ 89. 3 1. 2 1. 1 4 .4 7. 5 5. 6 18. 8 23. 2 5. 9 n 6 .4 15. 1E le ctro ty p ers _____________ 93 . 0 . 2 . 1 5. 2 11. 7 3. 7 4 0 . 2 - - 26. 6 5. 2 . 2M achine operators ______M achine ten ders

89. 5 1. 7 . 6 6. 8 9. 2 4 . 9 16. 7 22. 7 6. 3 ~ 6. 1 14. 6

(m ach in ists) _____________ 90 . 7 1. 2 . 3 6. 2 6. 0 3. 8 19. 1 27. 9 10. 7 - 2. 8 12. 7M aile r s _____________________ 87 . 3 3. 2 6 . 3 6 .4 8 .4 1 .4 1 4 .4 15. 0 3. 7 12. 1 7 .4 9. 0P h otoen gravers __________P r e s s a ssista n ts and

97 . 6 - 4 . 9 1. 5 13. 2 . 8 2. 8 28. 1 4 . 6 27. 8 4 . 5 9 .4

fee d e rs ___________________ 9 0 . 2 3. 6 3. 3 12. 1 18. 8 6. 6 17. 6 23. 8 . 6 3. 8 . 1 -P r e s s m e n , cylinder ____ 88 . 3 3. 8 1. 3 6. 1 13. 6 4 . 1 19. 1 20. 2 7. 6 6. 3 5. 8 . 4P r e s s m e n , platen _______ 82 . 9 6. 9 - 12. 6 10. 7 13. 1 11. 6 1 7 .9 4 . 2 5. 3 . 6 -S tereotypers _____________ 94 . 9 ~ 3. 6 7. 2 2. 2 21. 6 . 6 1 .9 4 5 . 3 1. 2 11. 2

See footnote at end of tab le .


10

TABLE 4. Cents-per-hour increases in union wage rates and percent of union printing-trades workers affected,July 1, 1959July 1, I960 Continued

Percent of union printing-trades workers affected by increases of

Trade workers affected by wage rate increases

Under5

cents

5 and under 6

cents

6 and under 8

cents

8 and under 9

cents

9 and under 10

cents

10 and under 11

cents

11 and under 12

cents

12 and under 13

cents

13 and under 15

cents

15 and under 20

cents

20 cents and

over

Newspaper ____________________ 7 6 .9 2 .9 10. 9 5. 5 13. 6 3. 2 18. 6 7. 6 2. 6 1.0 8. 7 2. 3Daywo r k _________________ 78. 0 4 .4 7 .7 6 .4 13. 8 2. 3 20. 8 7. 0 3. 5 1 .3 8. 1 2. 6Nightwork _________________ 75. 8 1 .5 14. 1 4 .6 13. 5 4. 0 16 .4 8. 2 1 .7 .6 9 .2 2. 0Com positors, hand:

Daywork ------------------------ 76. 5 3. 0 13. 6 7. 3 14. 7 1 .9 17.9 8. 8 2.8 - 6. 0 .6Nightwork ______________ 77. 5 1. 5 15. 9 4 .9 15.7 1.2 18. 9 9 .5 1. 0 - 8. 6 . 1

Machine operators:Daywork _______________ 78. 6 2 .9 15. 2 5 .4 14. 7 1. 7 17. 5 11. 2 2. 5 - 6. 3 1 .3Nightwork ______________ 7 9 .9 1 .3 22. 0 5. 0 15 .9 . 8 16. 7 9 .9 1.2 - 7. 0 . 1

Machine tenders (machinists):

Daywork _______________ 7 9 .4 2 .7 24. 3 5. 1 13. 0 4. 0 13 .9 7. 5 2 .7 - 4. 5 1 .9Nightwork ______________ 80. 5 1 .7 23. 6 9 .0 14. 2 . 5 13.7 8. 6 1.2 - 5. 1 2 .9

M ailers:Daywork _______________ 7 2 .4 2 .4 - . 4 9 .3 1.8 27. 8 3. 5 5. 5 - 19.3 2. 3Nightwork ______________ 53. 8 1. 1 - 1 .4 4. 6 1 .5 16. 3 4 .4 2. 0 - 21.0 1 .4

Photoengravers:Daywork _______________ 82. 2 1 .3 - 9 .4 10. 0 13. 7 21 .9 4 .9 6. 0 10 .4 . 7 3 .9Nightwork ______________ 85. 2 1 .5 - 12. 0 9 .7 2 6 .6 18. 7 5. 8 1.8 1.3 4. 3 3. 6

Pressm en (journeymen):Daywork _______________ 77. 0 10.7 - 7. 3 10. 9 1.8 26. 2 2. 6 3. 3 2. 2 6. 5 5. 5Nightwork ______________ 81. 3 1.6 21.3 2 .4 14. 1 1.6 16. 2 9. 1 2. 2 2. 5 5. 5 4 .9

Pre s sm en-in- charge:Daywork _______________ 68. 0 8. 5 . 3 10. 2 5. 1 .3 10. 5 4. 7 2. 0 3 .8 9. 1 13. 5Nightwork ______________ 8 0 .4 2. 2 23. 1 1. 3 12. 3 1 .3 6. 7 5 .4 1 .4 1.8 12. 6 1 2 .4

Stereotypers:Daywork _______________ 90. 5 2. 2 2. 8 10.8 25. 5 1.8 19.8 8. 2 5. 0 3. 6 8. 5 2. 3Nightwork ______________ 87. 0 2.6 10.4 19.3 24. 0 11.0 6.6 4 .4 1. 1 3. 2 4 .4

1 Less than 0 .0 5 percent.NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.

TABLE 5. Average union hourly wage rates in the printing trades, July 1, I960, and increases in rates,July 1, 1959 -July 1, I960

TradeAverage rate per

hour,July 1, I9601

Amount of increase, July 1, 1959- July 1, I9602 Trade

Average rate per

hour,July 1, I9601

Amount of increase, July 1, 1959- July 1, I9602

Percent Cents per hour PercentCents per

hour

All printing trades -------------------- $ 3 . 23 2 .9 9. 1 Newspaper: Continued

Book and job ____________________ $ 3. 08 3. 3 9 .9 Machine operators ------------- $ 3 . 52 2. 1 7 .4Bindery women ---------- ----- 1 .87 4. 1 7. 4 Daywork ________________ 3 .4 2 2. 3 7. 6Bookbinders _________________ 3. 18 3. 4 10. 5 Nightwork ______________ 3. 61 2. 0 7. 2Com positors, hand _________ 3. 37 3. 5 11 .4 Machine tendersElectrotypers --------------------- 3. 64 3. 0 10 .4 (machinists) ______________ 3. 53 2. 1 7. 3Machine operators _________ 3. 37 3 .4 11. 1 Daywork ________________ 3 .4 4 2. 1 7. 2Machine tenders Nightwork _______________ 3. 62 2. 1 7. 5

(marVii-ni sts) 3. 36 3. 4 11. 1 M ailers _ 3. 19 2. 5 7. 8Mail srs 2. 96 3. 6 10. 2 Da y wr> rk 3. 05 2. 9 8. 7Photoengravers _____________ 3. 94 3. 3 12. 5 Nightwork ______________ 3. 31 2. 2 7. 1Press assistants and Photoengravers ------------------ 3. 82 2 .4 9. 1

feeders _____________________ 2 .7 5 3. 1 8. 3 Daywork _________________ 3. 73 2. 5 9 .2Pressm en, cylinder _______ 3. 33 2. 8 9. 1 Nightwork ------------------------ 3. 93 2 .4 9. 0Pressm en, platen ---------------- 3. 02 2. 6 7. 6 Pressm en (journeymen) __ 3. 52 2 .4 8. 2Stereotypers ------------------------- 3 .7 0 3 .6 12.8 Daywork ________________ 3. 37 2. 5 8. 0

Nightwork ------------------------ 3. 68 2. 3 8. 3Newspaper ----------------------------------- 3 .4 8 2. 3 7. 8 Pressm en-in-charge ______ 3 .83 2. 3 8. 7

Daywork --------------------------------- 3. 36 2. 4 8. 0 Daywork ________________ 3. 67 2. 1 7 .4Nightwork ____________________ 3. 59 2. 2 7 .7 Nightwork ---------------------- 4. 02 2. 6 10. 2Compositors, hand ---------- _ 3 .4 9 2. 1 7. 2 Stereotypers _______________ 3. 47 2. 7 9. 2

Daywork __________________ 3 .4 0 2. 2 7. 2 Daywork ------------------------- 3. 34 2 .9 9 .4Nightwork ________________ 3 .59 2. 1 7. 3 Nightwork _______________ 3. 63 2. 5 8 .9

1 Average rates are based on all rates in effect on July 1, I960; each union rate was weighted by the number of union m em bers reported at each rate.2 Based on comparable quotations for 1959 and I960, weighted by the number of union m em bers reported at each quotation inI960.


11

TABLE 6. Increases in union wage rates in the printing trades by city, region, and industry branch,July 1, 1959July 1, I960

Cities by region

All printing trades Book and job Newspaper

Percentof

increaseCents

increasePercent

ofincrease

Centsincrease

Percentof

increaseCents

increase

All cities *__________________________________________ 2. 9 9. 1 3. 3 9 .9 2. 3 7. 8

New England ______________________________________ 2 .9 8. 8 2. 5 7 .4 3. 3 10. 9Boston, M ass. ------------------------------------------------ 3. 1 9 .7 2. 4 6! 8 4. 0 1 3 .4New Haven, Conn. ---------------------------------------- 2. 4 7. 1 2. 5 7 .4 2. 1 6. 5Providence, R. I. ----------------------------------------- 3 .4 11. 1 3. 4 10. 8 3 .4 11. 2Springfield, M ass. _________________________ 2. 7 7. 8 3. 2 9 .3 1. 7 4. 5

Middle Atlantic ------ -------------------------------------------- 2 .9 9 .3 3. 5 10. 5 2. 0 7. 0Buffalo, N. Y. ________________________________ 3. 1 9. 5 3. 5 10. 0 2. 6 8. 8Erie, Pa. _____________________________________ 2. 3 7. 0 1. 6 4. 5 2. 7 8. 5Newark, N. J. ________________________________ 3. 6 11.2 4. 7 13. 7 1 .7 5 .9New York, N. Y. ______________________________ 2. 6 8. 8 3. 4 10. 8 1 .3 4. 6Philadelphia, Pa. ____________________________ 4. 5 13 .4 4. 0 11.6 5. 4 17. 3Pittsburgh, Pa. ----------------------------------------------- 1 .9 5. 7 1. 8 5. 1 2. 0 6 .4Rochester, N. Y. ____________________________ 2. 0 6. 0 2. 4 7. 1 1. 2 3 .8Scranton, Pa. _________________________________ 3. 0 8. 2 3. 4 8. 8 2. 0 6.6Syracuse, N. Y. ----------------------------------------------- 3. 3 9. 1 3. 2 7. 6 3 .4 10. 7

Border States _____________________________________ 3. 5 10. 5 3. 6 9 .8 3 .4 11 .4Baltimore, Md. ____________________________ 3. 1 9 .3 3. 4 9 .2 2 .9 9 .3Louisville, Ky. ______________________________ 4. 1 12. 2 3. 8 10.7 4. 7 15. 1Richmond, Va. _ _____________________________ 3. 2 8. 8 4. 1 9 .7 2. 6 8. 0Washington, D. C. ____________________________ 3. 6 10. 9 3. 5 9 .7 3. 7 12.7

Southeast __________________________________________ 2. 2 6. 5 3. 2 8. 6 1. 6 4 .9Atlanta, Ga. ---------------------------------------------------- 3. 2 9 .0 3. 6 9. 5 2. 6 8.0Birmingham, Ala. ____________________________ 3. 1 8 .9 2. 8 7 .7 3. 3 10. 3Charlotte, N. C. ------------------------------------------ . 3 1. 0 - - . 3 1. 0Jacksonville, Fla. ____________________________ 2. 7 7 .7 2 .9 7 .9 2. 6 7 .7Knoxville, Tenn. ______________________________ 1. 0 2 .9 2. 1 5 .8 .8 2. 3Memphis, Tenn. _____________________________ 2. 5 7 .4 3. 0 8. 1 2. 1 6.8

Great Lakes ______________________________________ 2 .7 8 .4 3. 1 9 .3 1 .9 6.6Chicago, 111. __________________________________ 1 .9 6 .3 2. 8 8 .9 . 1 . 5Cincinnati, Ohio ______________________________ 3. 3 10. 0 2. 0 5 .7 4 .9 15.8Cleveland, Ohio ----------------------------------------------- 3. 0 9 .6 3. 4 10. 3 , 2 .4 8 .4Columbus, Ohio _______________________________ 3. 8 12. 0 4. 0 12. 2 3. 5 11.7Dayton, Ohio _________________________________ 3. 3 10. 3 3. 3 10. 2 3. 5 11. 0Detroit, Mich. _______________________________ 2 .9 9. 3 3. 3 10. 2 2. 1 7 .4Grand Rapids, Mich. --------------------- -------- 3. 1 9 .3 3. 1 8.2 3. 1 10. 2Indianapolis, Ind. ____________________________ 3. 3 9 .5 3. 6 9. 5 2 .9 9. 5Milwaukee, W is. ________________ ___________ 3. 0 8 .9 3. 5 9 .9 2. 0 6.8MinneapolisSt. Paul, Minn. _______________ 3. 4 10. 0 3. 5 9 .7 3. 2 11.3Peoria, 111. ___________________________________ 2. 3 7 .4 1. 3 3 .9 3. 5 11. 6Toledo, Ohio __________________________________ 2. 0 6 .4 3. 2 9 .2 1. 2 4. 2

Middle West _____________________________________ 3. 6 10. 6 3 .9 10.7 3. 1 10. 5Des Moines, Iowa ------------------------------------------- 3. 0 9. 2 3. 1 9. 1 2. 8 9. 2Kansas City, Mo. ------------------------------------------ 3. 3 9. 5 3. 4 8 .9 3. 3 10.8Omaha, Nebr. ____________________ ________ 2. 6 8. 0 1 .9 5. 2 2 .9 9 .2St. Louis, Mo. --------------------------------------------- 4. 2 12. 5 4. 7 12. 8 3. 3 11.8

Southwest _____________________________________ _ 2. 7 7 .8 3. 1 8.0 2. 4 7 .6Dallas, Tex. __________________________________ 2. 4 7. 8 2. 3 7. 1 2. 4 8. 1Houston, Tex. -------------------------------------------------- 3. 1 9. 2 3. 7 9 .9 2. 7 8.6Little Rock, Ark. ____________________________ 2 .9 7 .7 3. 2 7 .4 2. 7 7 .9New Orleans, La. ____________________________ 3. 2 8. 5 3. 1 8 .3 3. 2 10. 0Oklahoma City, Okla. _______________________ 2. 7 6. 5 3. 3 7. 0 1. 5 5. 0San Antonio, Tex. ____________________________ 1 .4 4. 2 2. 9 8. 2 .9 2. 8

Mountain ------------------ ------------------------------------------- 2. 2 6.6 2 .9 7 .7 1. 8 5 .8Denver, Colo. --------- ------------------------------------- 1. 8 5 .4 2. 9 7 .8 . 8 2.8Salt Lake City, Utah _________________________ 3. 2 9 .9 2 .4 6 .9 3. 3 10. 5

Pacific ___________________________________________ 3. 3 10. 9 3. 6 11.7 2. 7 9. 5Los Angeles, Calif. ________________________ 4. 5 14. 5 5. 0 15.7 3. 5 12. 0Oakland, Calif. ------------------------------------------------ 3. 2 10. 9 2. 6 8 .9 4. 3 15. 1Portland, Oreg. ____________________________ 3. 3 10. 3 3. 3 10. 3 - _San Francisco, Calif. ------------------------------------ 3. 2 11. 0 3. 4 1 1 .4 2 .9 10. 1Seattle, Wash. ____________ __________________ 2. 7 9 .3 2 .9 9 .4 2. 5 9. 1Spokane, Wash. -------------------------------------------- . 6 1 .9 0 0 . 8 3. 0


12

T A B L E 7. D istribu tion of union m e m b e rs in the printing tra des by hourly w age rates and by trade, July 1, I960

P ercen t of union m e m b e rs whose rate (in cents) per hour w as

T rade rate per hour Under

170

170and

under180

180

100

190

200

200

210

210

220

220

230

230

240

240

250

250

260

260

_.270

270

280

280

290A ll printing tra des ----------------------------- $ 3. 23 2. 4 2. 7 2. 6 1 .0 1. 6 0. 4 0. 7 0. 4 0 .9 0 . 5 1 .5 2. 0 2. 1

Book and job ------------------------------------------------ $ 3. 08 3. 8 4 . 2 4. 0 1 .6 2. 5 0. 6 1. 1 0. 6 1 .4 0. 6 2. 2 3. 0 2. 8Bindery w om en ------------------------------------ 1 .8 7 2 1 .5 2 2 .9 22 . 6 7. 6 13. 1 1 .7 5. 4 - 5. 3 - - - -B ookbinders ------------------------------------------ 3. 18 - - - - . 1 . 6 - ( l ) . 1 1. 2 1 .2 7. 4 6. 7C o m p o sito rs , hand ----------------------------- 3. 37 - - - - - - - - - . 8 2. 0 .9E le ctro ty p ers --------------------------------------- 3. 64 - - - - - - - - - - - - -M achine op era to rs ------------------------------ 3. 37 - - - - - - - - - - . 6 2. 0 1. 9M achine ten ders (m ach in ists) -------- 3. 36 - - - - - - - - - - - 3. 1 2. 0M a ile rs --------------------------------------------------- 2. 96 - 7. 6 - 14. 3 - - . 6 - 1 .7 . 2 . 1 1 .9 2. 6P hotoengravers ------------------------------------ 3. 94 - - - - - - - - - - - - -P r e s s a ssista n ts and fee d e rs ---------- 2. 75 . 6 . 8 . 8 . 4 1. 8 2. 6 1. 2 5. 6 4 . 0 3. 9 1 7 .9 12. 1 11. 2P re ssm e n , cylinder --------------------------- 3. 33 - - - - - . 1 . 2 . 6 . 1 . 4 1 .0 2. 1 3. 2P re ssm e n , p laten -------------------------------- 3. 02 - - - - - - 1 .9 . 5 2. 9 1. 9 10. 3 7. 9 3. 8S tereotypers ------------------------------------------ 3. 70 - - - - - - - - - - - - . 8

N ew spaper --------------------------------------------------- 3. 48 - - - - - - - - . 2 . 3 . 4 . 3 1. 0D ayw ork -------------------------------------------------- 3. 36 - - - - - - - - . 4 . 4 . 7 . 4 1. 8Nightwork ----------------------------------------------- 3. 59 - - - - - - - - - . 2 C ) . 1 . 2C o m p o sito rs , hand ----------------------------- 3. 49 - - - - - - - - - - . 8 - -

D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 3. 40 - - - - - - - - - - 1 .6 - -N ightw ork ----------------------------------------- 3. 59 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

M achine op era to rs ------------------------------ 3. 52 - - - - - - - - - - . 2 - -D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 3. 42 - - - - - - - - - - . 5 - -Nightw ork ----------------------------------------- 3. 61 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

M achine ten ders (m ach in ists) -------- 3. 53 - - - - - - - - - - 1 .0 - -D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 3 .4 4 - - - - - - - - - - 1 .8 - -Nightw ork ----------------------------------------- 3. 62 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

M a ile rs --------------------------------------------------- 3. 19 - - - - - - - - 1 .2 2. 1 . 5 1 .4 5. 8D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 3. 05 - - - - - - - - 2. 6 2. 8 .9 2. 1 11. 6N ightw ork ----------------------------------------- 3. 31 - - - - - - - - - 1 .4 . 2 . 8 1. 0

P hotoengravers ------------------------------------ 3. 82 - - - - - - - - - - - - -D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 3. 73 - - - - - - - - - - - - -N ightw ork ----------------------------------------- 3. 93 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

P r e ssm e n (journeym en) -------------------- 3. 52 - - - - - - - - - - - - . 3D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 3. 37 - - - - - - - - - - - - . 6Nightw ork ----------------------------------------- 3. 68 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

P r e s s m e n -in -c h a r g e -------------------------- 3. 83 - - - - - - - - - - - - -D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 3. 67 - - - - - - - - - - - - -Nightw ork ----------------------------------------- 4 . 02 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

S tereotypers ------------------------------------------ 3. 47 - - - - - - - - - - - . 7 -D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 3. 34 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 .2 -Nightw ork ___________________________ 3. 63 - - ~ ~ - - - - - - - - -

290 300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410_ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - and

300 310 320 330 340 350 360 370 380 390 400 410 over

A ll printing tra d e s --------------------------------------- 3. 5 5 . 6 7. 2 10. 4 8. 5 10. 4 12. 1 7. 9 2. 6 6. 0 2. 1 1. 3 3. 6

Book and job --------------------------------------------------- 4 . 3 5. 3 8. 1 11. 1 5. 8 6. 5 13. 0 4. 5 1. 3 3. 2 2. 3 1 .7 4. 2B indery w om en --------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - -Bookbinders --------------------------------------------- 5 . 3 5. 1 16. 0 32. 8 11. 1 2. 0 1. 1 4. 3 - 5 . 0 - - -C o m p o sito rs , hand -------------------------------- 3. 1 8 .9 12. 6 12. 6 5. 0 7. 7 35 . 6 5. 0 . 9 . 7 4. 1 - -E le ctro ty p e rs ------------------------------------------ - 1. 1 .8 5. 0 16. 3 12. 3 14. 1 8. 1 2. 2 17. 1 4 . 1 19. 0 -M achine op erators -------------------------------- 3. 0 9. 2 13. 0 12. 6 4. 8 6. 6 32. 2 7 . 2 2. 2 . 4 4. 2 - . 1M achine ten ders (m ach in ists) ----------- _________ 4 . 7 5. 8 1 1 .9 18. 0 2. 4 5. 6 36. 6 5. 3 . 8 1 .2 2. 7 - -M a ile rs ____________________________________ 6. 2 16. 7 1 .8 13. 2 12. 8 3. 2 1 .9 6. 2 . 6 4. 3 3. 2 . 8 -P h otoen gravers ------------------------------------ __ . 3 .9 2. 0 5. 1 5. 4 3. 0 7. 3 8. 3 2. 1 9 .4 9. 1 7. 3 39. 8P r e s s a ssista n ts and fe e d e rs ------------- 18. 9 4. 5 11. 3 1 .8 . 4 . 3 - - - - - - -P re ssm e n , cylinder --------------------------- __ 4 .4 6. 9 8. 3 14. 0 8. 5 20. 4 16. 5 6. 5 2. 0 3. 8 . 6 (M . 3P re ssm e n , p laten ----------------------------------- 1 7 .0 1 9 .6 13. 6 6. 0 3. 9 2. 1 - - 8. 6 - - -S tereotypers --------------------------------------------- - - - 10. 6 11. 1 2. 7 6 .4 15. 3 13. 5 6. 3 5. 9 25 . 1 2. 3

N ew spaper ------------------------------------------------------ 2. 2 6. 1 5. 5 9. 2 13. 3 17. 0 10. 7 13. 7 5. 0 10. 8 1 .6 . 5 2. 4D ayw ork ----------------------------------------------------- 3. 4 8. 8 7. 3 1 1 .6 18. 0 22. 5 5 .9 13. 4 2. 3 . 9 1. 3 . 3 . 5N ightw ork -------------------------------------------------- 1 .0 3. 5 3. 7 6. 7 8. 6 1 1 .4 15. 5 13. 9 7. 6 20. 7' 1 .9 . 7 4 . 3C o m p o sito rs , hand ----------------------------- 1 .8 6 .4 3. 3 6. 6 13. 0 18. 3 12. 8 18. 7 7. 4 10. 6 - . 2 ( l )

D ayw ork ----------------------------------------------- 3. 6 8. 7 2. 5 10. 1 19. 4 26. 6 3. 0 2 1 .6 2. 5 - - . 2 . 1Nightw ork -------------------------------------------- - 4 . 1 4 . 1 3. 1 6. 4 9. 8 2 2 .9 15. 7 12. 4 2 1 .4 - . 1 ( M

M achine op erators --------------------------------- ___ 1 .6 5. 3 3. 8 6. 2 12. 4 18. 3 12. 3 18. 7 6. 5 14. 2 - . 2 . 2D ayw ork _______________________________ 3. 3 6. 8 4 . 0 9 .4 19. 1 28. 1 3. 6 22 . 5 2. 1 - - . 4 . 2Nightw ork -------------------------------------------- - 3. 9 3. 7 3. 4 6. 4 9. 5 20 . 0 15. 3 10. 5 27. 0 - . 1 . 1

M achine ten ders (m ach in ists) ----------- _________ 2. 0 4. 4 2. 4 8. 7 8. 9 14. 8 13. 2 25 . 5 4. 0 13. 1 1. 7 . 4 . 2D ayw ork -----------------------------------------------_________ 3. 7 4. 0 . 9 15. 2 11. 3 22. 1 9. 1 28 . 5 1 .2 1. 5 - . 4 . 3Nightw ork -------------------------------------------- - 4 . 7 4. 1 1 .4 6. 1 6. 4 1 7 .8 22. 0 7. 1 26. 3 3. 6 . 3 . 2

M a ile rs ------------------------------------------------------ 8 . 2 12. 8 13. 9 18. 2 13. 8 16. 4 4. 4 1 .3 - - - - -D ayw ork ----------------------------------------------- 1 1 .0 2 1 .6 25 . 0 16. 4 2. 1 3. 0 . 8 - - - - - -Nightwork -------------------------------------------- 5. 8 5. 6 4. 7 1 9 .6 23. 4 27. 5 7. 4 2. 5 - - - - -

P hotoengravers --------------------------------------- ... . - - 1 .6 4. 0 1. 7 4 . 6 6. 1 18. 6 11. 7 8. 8 17. 6 4 . 1 21. 2D ayw ork _______________________________ - - 3. 0 3. 8 2. 3 6. 1 7 .9 25. 2 10. 0 5. 2 29. 1 . 8 6. 6Nightw ork -------------------------------------------- - - - 4 . 3 1. 1 2. 9 4. 0 1 1 .2 13. 5 12. 9 4 . 7 7. 8 37. 8

P r e ssm e n (journeym en) ----------------------- . 1 3. 7 4. 1 8. 4 18. 0 18. 2 1 1 .1 10. 5 3. 3 18. 9 2. 9 . 1 . 3D ayw ork ----------------------------------------------- . 2 5 .9 5. 5 13. 3 30. 5 30. 5 9. 1 3. 2 1. 2 - - - -N ightw ork -------------------------------------------- - 1 .4 2. 6 3. 2 4. 3 4. 7 1 3 .4 18. 6 5. 5 39. 6 6. 2 . 2 . 5

P r e s s m e n -in -c h a r g e ----------------------------- - - . 6 1 .2 3. 2 3. 1 18. 2 14. 0 6. 6 14. 0 9. 2 7. 2 22 . 6D ayw ork ----------------------------------------------- - - 1 .2 .6 5. 8 4. 2 31 . 3 20 . 3 8. 5 21. 3 1. 2 2. 2 3. 4Nightw ork --------------------------------------------____ - - - 2. 0 - 1 .8 2. 0 6. 1 4. 3 5. 0 19. 1 13. 3 46 . 3

Stereotypers --------------------------------------------- ____ . 6 5 .7 8 . 0 14. 4 15. 7 18. 6 9. 9 8. 7 3. 1 4. 6 . 5 - 9. 5D ay wo rk ----------------------------------------------- 1. 1 8. 5 10. 3 15. 8 23. 6 24. 7 10. 7 - 3. 1 . 7 - - . 2Nightw ork -------------------------------------------- - 2. 0 5. 2 12. 7 5. 6 10. 8 9 .0 1 9 .7 3. 0 9. 7 1. 2 - 21 . 2

L e ss than 0. 05 percen t.

N O T E ; B ecause of rounding, su m s of individual ite m s m ay not equal to ta ls .


13

T A B L E 8. A verage union hourly wage rates in the printing tra des by city and population group, July 1, I9 60

Book and job

C ity and population group

Population group 1 (1 , 00 0 , 000 or m o re ):L o s A n g e le s , C a lif. ____________________New Y ork, N. Y . _________________________

A verage fo r group I _____________________

C hicago, 111. ---------------------------------------------D etroit, M ich . -----------------------------------------Philadelphia, P a. -----------------------------------

N ew spaper

A veragehourly

rateC ity and population group

A v era g ehourly

rate

$ 3 . 31 3. 29

Population group 1 (1 , 00 0 , 000 or m o re ): New Y ork , N . Y . ------------------------------------- $ 3 . 74

3. 25A verage for group I 3. 64

C hicago, 111. _______3. 25 D etroit, M ich . _____3. 16 L os A n g e le s , C a lif.3 .0 2 Philadelphia, P a.

3. 62 3. 56 3. 54 3 .4 0

Population group II (5 0 0 , 000 to 1, 00 0 , 000):San F ra n c isc o , C a lif. ---------------------------------C levelan d, Ohio _____________________________

A verage for group II ------------------------------------

B uffalo, N . Y . _______________________________Cincinnati, Ohio ____________________________M ilw aukee, W is . ------------------------------------------P ittsburgh , P a . _____________________________B oston, M a ss . ______________________________W ashington, D .C . __________________________M in neapolisSt. Paul, M inn. ------------------St. L o u is , M o. ----------------------------------------------B a ltim o re , M d. _____________________________H ouston, T ex . _______________________________New O rle a n s, L a . ----------------------------------------

3. 48 3. 17

2 . 98

2 .9 5 2. 93 2 .9 1 2. 91 2 . 90 2 . 88 2 . 86 2 . 86 2. 85 2. 80 2 .7 3

Population group II (5 0 0 , 000 to 1, 00 0 , 000):M inneapolisSt. P aul, M inn. ------------------------------St. Loui s , M o . ----------------------------------------------------------San F ra n c isc o , C a lif. ______________________________W ashington, D . C . -----------------------------------------------------C levelan d, Ohio _____________________________________B oston, M a s s . ______________________________________

A verage for group II ________________________________

B uffalo, N. Y . ________________________________________M ilw aukee, W is . ------------------------------------------------------C incinnati, Ohio -------------------------------------------------------B a ltim o re , M d. _____________________________________P ittsburgh , P a. ---------------------------------------------------------Houston, T e x . _______________________________________New O rle a n s, L a . ___________________________________

3. 65 3. 64 3. 61 3. 61 3. 53 3. 52

3. 50

3. 47 3 .4 2 3. 36 3. 35 3. 31 3. 29 3. 21

Population group HI (25 0 , 000 to 500, 000):Oakland, C a lif. ______________________________________Seattle , W ash . _______________________________________P ortland , O reg . _____________________________________C olu m bus, Ohio ______________________________________D a lla s , T ex . __________________________________________N ew ark, N . J. -------------------------------------------------------------R o ch ester , N . Y . ____________________________________

A v era g e for group III ________________________________

Toledo, Ohio __________________________________________L o u isv ille , K y. ______________________________________San Antonio, T e x . ------------------------------------------------------B irm in gh am , A la . ___________________________________Indianapolis, Ind. ___________________________________M e m p h is, Tenn. _____________________________________D enver, C o lo . ________________________________________A tlanta, G a. __________________________________________K ansas C ity , M o. ------------------------------------------------------

3. 48 3. 28 3. 22 3. 20 3. 12 3. 04 3. 00

2 .9 9

2.922 .9 12 .9 1 2. 80 2. 78 2. 77 2. 76 2 .7 5 2. 74

Population group III (2 5 0 , 000 to 50 0 , 000):Seattle , W ash . ______________________________Oakland, C a lif. ____________________________N ew ark, N . J. _____________________________D a lla s , T ex . _______________________________

A verage for group III _____________________

C olu m bus, Ohio ___________________________Indianapolis, Ind. ________________________K ansas C ity , M o. ________________________T oledo, Ohio ------------------------------------------------L o u isv ille , K y. ___________________________D enver, C olo . _____________________________R o ch ester , N. Y . _________________________M em p h is, Tenn. ___________________________A tlanta, Ga. _______________________________B irm in gham , A la . _______________________San Antonio, T e x . -------------------------------------

3 . 79 3. 65 3. 52 3 .4 6

3. 43

3. 43 3. 40 3. 40 3. 40 3. 37 3 . 36 3. 31 3. 23 3. 21 3. 19 3. 09

Population group IV (1 0 0 , 000 to 250, 000):P rovid en ce , R. I. __________________________Dayton, Ohio _______________________________P e o ria , 111. -------------------------------------------------New Haven, Conn. ________________________D es M oin es, Iowa -------------------------------------Sprin gfield , M a s s . ________________________Spokane, W ash . ___________________________Salt Lake C ity , Utah ---------------------------------

3. 24 3. 18 3. 10 3. 04 3. 00 3. 00 2. 94 2. 93

P o p u la tio n g r o u p IV ( 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 to 2 5 0 , 0 0 0 ) :Spokane, W ash . _____________________________________D es M oin es, Iowa ___________________________________P eo ria , 111. ----------------------------------------------------------------Grand R apids, M ich . _______________________________P rovid en ce , R. I. ____________________________________Scranton, P a. ------------------------------------------------------------Salt Lake C ity , Utah ------------------------------------------------S yracu se, N . Y . _____________________________________Om aha, N eb r. _______________________________________

3. 52 3. 44 3. 44 3. 41 3. 38 3. 38 3. 29 3. 29 3. 28

A v era g e for group IV 2 .9 1 A verage for group IV 3. 26

K n oxville , Tenn. ___O m aha, N eb r. ----------E r ie , P a . ____________Grand R apids, M ich . J ack son ville , F la .Scranton, P a. ----------Richm ond, V a . _____S yracu se, N. Y . ____L ittle R ock, A rk . O klahom a C ity , Okla,

2 . 90 2. 88 2. 86 2 .7 9 2. 78 2 . 68 2. 48 2. 46 2. 39 2. 15

Oklahom a C ity , O kla. ______________________________Dayton, Ohio _________________________________________Richm ond, V a. ----------------------------------------------------------E r ie , P a . _____________________________________________New Haven, Conn. __________________________________K n oxville , Tenn. ___________________________________Jack son ville , F la . __________________________________C harlotte, N . C . ____________________________________L ittle R ock, A rk . ----------------------------------------------------Springfield , M a ss . __________________________________

3. 26 3. 25 3. 18 3. 16 3. 13 3. 07 3. 06 3. 02 2 . 98 2. 76

1 The a v e ra g es in the book and job tabulation include rates fo r the se m isk ille d bindery w om en and p re ss a ssista n ts and fe e d e rs as w ell as the highly sk illed jou rn eym en , com posing room and p r e ssr o o m w o rk ers, and oth ers. The num ber of s e m isk illed w ork ers organ ized in a city m ay have influence on the average for the c ity .


14

T A B L E 9. A v era g e union h ourly w age rates in the printing tra des by region 1 and by tra d e , July 1, I960

Trade UnitedStatesNew

EnglandM iddle

AtlanticB orderStates

Southea st

G reatL akes

M iddleW e st

Southw est Mountain P acific

A ll printing trades ______________________________ $ 3. 23 $ 3. 13 $ 3. 27 $ 3 . 09 $ 2 . 98 $ 3 . 24 $ 3 . 09 $ 2 .9 9 $ 3 . 10 $ 3 .4 3

Book and job _____________________________________ $ 3. 08 $ 2 .9 7 $ 3. 12 $ 2 . 84 $2 . 78 $ 3 . 11 $ 2 . 87 $ 2 . 65 $ 2 . 78 $ 3 . 34B indery w om en __ __ __ _________ _ 1. 87 1. 66 1. 78 1. 60 1. 69 1. 89 1. 79 1 .4 7 1. 80 2. 29Bookbinders __________________________________ 3. 18 2. 94 3. 11 2. 83 3. 11 3. 23 3. 16 2. 71 3. 10 3. 70C o m p o sito rs , hand __________________________ 3. 37 3. 07 3 .4 1 3. 15 3. 09 3 .4 3 3. 31 2. 98 3 . 06 3. 69E le ctro ty p ers 3. 64 3 .4 0 3. 85 3. 24 3. 34 3. 60 3 .4 5 3 . 27 3 .4 1 3. 85M achine op erators ___________________________ 3. 37 3. 08 3 .4 4 3. 12 3. 07 3 .4 3 3. 33 2. 96 3. 05 3. 65M achine ten ders (m ach in ists) 3. 36 3. 12 3. 50 3. 10 3. 06 3 .4 2 3. 24 2 .9 6 3. 09 3. 75M a ile rs ______________ __ ___________________ 2. 96 - 2 .9 3 2. 27 3. 09 2. 93 3. 28 - 2. 96 3. 54P h otoen gravers _______________________________ 3. 94 3. 50 4 . 13 3. 67 3. 23 4 . 05 3 .4 6 3. 18 3. 28 3 .9 5P r e s s a ssista n ts and fee d e rs _____________ 2. 75 2. 71 2. 72 2. 51 2. 03 2. 83 2. 55 2. 02 2 .4 1 3. 01P r e s s m e n , cylinder 3. 33 3. 05 3. 38 3. 04 2. 92 3 .4 1 3. 28 2. 77 3. 01 3. 59P r e s s m e n , platen __ __ ______ __________ 3. 02 2. 70 3. 00 2. 68 2. 78 3. 00 2. 90 2 .4 6 2. 94 3. 58Stereotypers 3. 70 3. 53 3. 88 3. 26 3. 31 3. 60 3. 65 3. 32 3. 33 3. 80

N ew spaper _______________ __ _________ __ __ 3 .4 8 3. 36 3. 57 3 .4 3 3. 12 3. 52 3 .4 9 3. 23 3. 33 3. 59D ayw ork __ 3. 36 3. 23 3 .4 2 3. 35 3. 06 3 .4 1 3 .4 1 3. 16 3. 29 3. 53N ightw ork ________ __ ______ ____ _______ 3. 59 3. 57 3. 69 3. 53 3. 18 3. 63 3. 59 3. 31 3 .4 0 3. 66C o m p o sito rs , hand __________________________ 3 .4 9 3. 27 3. 59 3. 51 3. 14 3. 58 3. 55 3. 31 3. 39 3. 61

D ayw ork ___________________________________ 3 .4 0 3. 16 3 .4 8 3 .4 4 3. 07 3 .4 8 3 .4 7 3. 25 3. 34 3. 53Nightw ork _________________________________ 3. 59 3 .4 9 3. 69 3. 58 3. 19 3. 67 3. 63 3. 36 3 .4 5 3. 68

M achine op era to rs ___________________________ 3. 52 3. 36 3. 62 3. 52 3. 13 3. 58 3. 54 3. 29 3. 39 3. 60D ayw ork ___________________________________ 3 .4 2 3. 26 3. 51 3 .4 4 3. 06 3 .4 7 3 .4 5 3. 21 3. 33 3. 51Nightw ork ____ __ __ __ _______________ 3. 61 3. 50 3. 71 3. 60 3. 18 3. 67 3. 63 3. 36 3 .4 5 3 .6 9

M achine ten ders (m ach in ists) _____________ 3. 53 3. 31 3. 67 3. 52 3. 12 3. 57 3. 50 3. 30 3 .4 5 3. 67D ayw ork 3 .4 4 3. 21 3. 59 3 .4 7 3. 07 3 .4 8 3 .4 3 3. 23 3. 39 3. 58Nightw ork __________________________________ 3. 62 3. 52 3. 75 3. 57 3. 17 3. 67 3. 61 3. 37 3. 52 3. 76

M a ile rs 3. 19 3. 05 3. 22 2. 94 2 .8 0 3. 23 3. 22 2. 72 2. 95 3 .4 0D ayw ork 3. 05 2 .9 5 3. 02 2. 83 2. 73 3. 12 3. 14 2. 69 2. 90 3. 29N ightw ork _____ _ __ ______ _ _______ 3. 31 3. 16 3. 34 3. 06 2. 87 3. 33 3. 33 2 .7 9 3. 03 3 .4 7

P h otoen gravers _______________________________ 3. 82 3. 63 4 . 03 3. 74 3. 30 3. 92 3. 69 3 .4 7 3. 58 4 . 04D ayw ork 3. 73 3. 52 3. 88 3. 67 3. 21 3. 82 3. 66 3. 33 3. 57 3. 99Nightw ork 3 .9 3 3. 74 4 . 13 3. 83 3. 37 4 . 05 3. 77 3. 56 3. 61 4 . 15

P r e s s m e n (journeym en) 3 . 52 3 .4 9 3. 63 3 .4 0 3. 14 3. 52 3. 51 3. 25 3. 36 3. 59D ayw ork _____ __ __ _____ __ ___ 3. 37 3. 27 3 .4 1 3. 31 3. 10 3. 39 3 .4 2 3. 19 3. 30 3. 52Nightw ork 3. 68 3 .8 1 3. 81 3. 51 3 . 18 3. 71 3 .6 5 3. 32 3 .4 7 3 .6 4

P r e s s m e n -in -c h a r g e 3. 83 3 .7 6 3. 97 3. 70 3 .4 2 3. 77 3. 80 3. 57 3. 65 3 .9 3D ayw ork ____________________________________ 3. 67 3. 52 3. 74 3 .6 2 3. 38 3. 63 3. 71 3. 58 3. 60 3 .8 5Nightw ork _________________________________ 4 . 02 4 . 08 4 . 19 3. 82 3 .4 6 3. 98 3. 93 3. 57 3. 73 4 . 01

S tereotypers --------------------------------------------------- 3 .4 7 3. 35 3 .6 4 3 .4 0 3. 13 3. 50 3 .4 8 3. 24 3. 23 3. 60D ayw ork ___________________________________ 3 . 34 3. 21 3. 37 3. 29 3 . 07 3 .4 1 3 .4 2 3. 17 3. 20 3. 55N ightw ork --------------------------------------------------- 3. 63 3. 63 3. 91 3. 55 3. 18 3. 64 3. 56 3. 31 3. 29 3. 67

1 The regions used in this study include: New England C onn ecticu t, M ain e, M a ssa c h u se tts , New H a m p sh ire , Rhode Islan d ,and V erm o n t; M iddle A tlan tic New J e r s e y , New Y o r k , and P en nsylvania ; B order States D e la w a re , D istr ict of C olu m b ia , K entucky, M arylan d , V irg in ia , and W e st V irg in ia ; Southeast A la b a m a , F lo rid a , G e o rg ia , M is s is s ip p i, N orth C a ro lin a , South C a ro lin a , and T e n n e sse e ; G reat L ak es Illin o is , Indiana, M ich igan , M in n esota , O h io, and W isc o n sin ; M iddle W e st Iow a, K a n sa s , M is s o u r i, N e b ra sk a , N orth D akota, and South Dakota; Southwest A rk a n sa s , L ou isian a , O klah om a, and T e x a s ; Mountain A r iz o n a , Idaho, C o lo ra d o , M ontana, New M e x ic o , Utah, and W yom ing; and P a c ific C a lifo rn ia , N evad a, O regon , and W ashington.

T A B L E 10. D istribution of union m e m b e rs in the printing tra des by stra ig h t-tim e w eekly h o u r s , July 1, I9 60

T rade

A veragehours

perw eek

P ercen t o f m e m b e rs w hose stra ig h t-tim e hours per week w ere

30

O ver30

andunder

35

35

O ver 35

and under 36 V4

36 V4

O ver36V 4and

under3 7 V 2

37 Vz

O ver37Vzand

under40

40

A ll printing tra des ____ ______________ 36 . 6 0 . 1 2 . 2 19. 1 ( M 32. 2 0 . 6 4 3 . 1 0. 5 2 . 2

Book and job _______________________________ 36. 6 ( * ) 0 . 2 20. 7 34. 6 n 4 0 .4 0 . 8 3. 3B indery w om en ------------------------------------ 36 . 7 - 1 8 .4 - 4 0 . 7 35. 7 . 7 4 . 5B ookbinders __________________________ 36. 6 - - 13. 2 - 54. 3 - 2 9 .4 . 5 2 . 6C o m p o sito rs , hand ----------------------------- 36 . 8 - - 16. 0 - 32. 8 - 4 6 . 5 1. 2 3. 6E le ctro ty p ers ------- -------------- ----------- 36 . 6 - - 26. 3 - 18. 7 - 55 . 0 - -M achine op erators ______ _______ 36. 8 0 . 1 - 18. 6 - 29. 9 - 4 6 . 0 1 . 0 4 . 3M achine ten ders (m achin ists) --------- 36 . 9 - - 1 2 . 9 - 34 . 9 - 4 3 .4 4 . 9 3. 9M a ile rs ________ _________ _______ ____ 3 6 .9 - 8. 2 4 . 0 - 24. 6 1. 3 54. 8 - 7. 1P h otoen gravers _ ___________ _______ 35 . 5 - - 68 . 3 - 21. 3 . 1 10. 3 - ( MP r e s s a ssista n ts and fee d e rs ______ 3 6 .8 - - 10. 1 - 37 . 2 - 50 . 7 . 5 1. 6P r e s s m e n , cylinder ____ __ _______ 37. 0 - - 9 .8 - 32. 1 - 52. 1 1 .4 4 . 6P r e s s m e n , platen ____________________ 36. 8 - - 23. 7 - 20. 5 - 4 8 .4 1. 0 6 .4Stereotypers ___________________________ 36. 1 " 2. 3 4 4 . 8 12. 7

"4 0 . 2

"

See footnote at end o f table,


15

T A B L E 10. D istribution o f union m e m b e rs in the printing tra des by stra ig h t-tim e w eekly h ou rs, July 1, I960 Continued

Trade

A veragehours

perw eek

P ercen t of m e m b ers w hose stra ig h t-tim e hours p er w eek w ere

30

O ver30

andunder

35

35

O ver35

andunder36x/4

36x/4

O ver3 6 V4and

under37Vz

37V2

O ver37V2and

under40

40

N ew spaper --------------------------------------------------- 36. 5 . 1 5. 7 16. 4 (X) 28. 0 1 .7 4 7 . 7 ( M . 3Dayw ork ------------------------------------------------- 36. 9 . 1 . 2 10. 4 - 22 . 8 1 .8 64 . 1 . 1 . 6Nightw ork _______________________________ 36. 0 . 2 11. 1 22. 5 ( l ) 33. 2 1 .6 3 1 .2 - . 1C om p o sito rs , hand ----------------------------- 36. 7 ( M . 2 1 1 .8 - 38. 0 3. 0 4 7 .0 - -

D ayw ork -------------------------------------------- 36. 8 . 1 . 2 1 1 .7 - 2 9 . 0 3. 5 55 . 5 - -Nightw ork ----------------------------------------- 36. 6 ( l ) . 1 12. 0 - 47 . 2 2. 5 38 . 3 - -

M achine o p erators ------------------------------ 36. 6 . 2 . 2 1 1 .9 - 43 . 2 3 .5 4 1 .0 - -D ayw ork ------------------------------------------- 36. 7 . 2 . 4 10. 7 - 35. 1 4 . 0 4 9 . 7 - -Nightwork ----------------------------------------- 36. 5 . 1 . 1 13. 0 - 50 . 4 3. 1 33 . 2 - -

M achine ten ders (m achin ists) ------- 36. 5 . 2 . 4 1 5 .9 - 40 . 4 2. 7 4 0 . 4 - -D ayw ork ------- --------------------------------- 3 6 .6 . 3 . 4 14. 9 - 34. 6 2 .8 46 . 9 - -Nightwork ----------------------------------------- 36. 4 . 2 . 3 17. 1 - 46 . 9 2. 5 32 . 9 - -

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