September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos Nikos Mattheos University of Bern, Switzerland Malmö University, Sweden
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Nikos Mattheos University of Bern, Switzerland
Malmö University, Sweden
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
”if you want them to learn...
...confuse them! ”
Rolf Attström, Monday morning 8.00, Periodontology department corridor, Malmö ..!
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Distance Learning (DL)
Open and Distance Learning (ODL)
Flexible Learning
Distributed Learning
Blended Learning
A little bit of History!
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
1. ”traditional” + electonic/web based
2. face to face + distance/self-paced
3. Different pedagogic approaches
...and what is blended learning ?
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
”Blended learning is only new to people who were foolish enough to think that delegating the entire training role to the computer was going to work..!”Jay Cross, 2004
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Chat
Audioconference
Project work
On-line library
Seminars
Web boards
Team work
Search engines
Multimedia
THE SOUP MODEL !
Mattheos N. 88th Annual FDI Congress, Paris 2000.
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Education will be enhanced and Education will be enhanced and improved through technology as long as improved through technology as long as
the focus remains on learningthe focus remains on learning
Invimeds consortium
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Virtual Learning Environments Learning Content Management
Systems
”Instructional technology software created for educational use, primarily used as course support or
as vehicles or on-line courses.”Minielli Ferris, 2005
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
LecturesSeminarsClinicTextbooks - ArticlesAtlasMicroscope Lab
TraditionalConventionalDidacticFace-to-Face
Web page or CDwith images
+ e-mail discussion Forum
Blended Learning !
Undergraduate teaching of Oral Pathology:
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
• loads of transparenciesloads of transparencies • One AmphitheatreOne Amphitheatre• Three lectures per weekThree lectures per week• 100 100 studentsstudents
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Digitise transparenciesDigitise transparencies ++ InternetInternet+ Three lectures+ Three lectures+ Asynchronous board+ Asynchronous board
4040 students in lecturesstudents in lectures23 hits on the web23 hits on the web2 comments on the e-board2 comments on the e-board2 e-mails2 e-mails
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
• One opening lectureOne opening lecture• Digitise - InternetDigitise - Internet• Links - referencesLinks - references• IndividualIndividual – – GroupGroup taskstasks
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
20 + questions
!
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
• self- assessmentself- assessment• Peer criticPeer critic• Invite ”guest” expertInvite ”guest” expert
• One opening lectureOne opening lecture• Digitise - InternetDigitise - Internet• Links - referencesLinks - references• IndividualIndividual – – GroupGroup taskstasks
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Blended Learning !Blended Learning ! He ”blended” media
to deliver instruction
She used media to ”blend”
- self-assessment- teamwork- peer critic- external assessment- interaction
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
”Keep the end in mind ! ”
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Why bother?
Learning Styles !
Diveristy in Learning
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
“With blended learning, schools and teachers can increase the engagement of students in the learning process and accommodate a variety of
learning styles.”
Liz Pape. From Bricks to Clicks: Blurring Classroom/Cyber Lines. www.Aasa.org 2006
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Pasta?
Fish?
Meat?
Beans?
Ice cream?
...Blend !
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Simpson C & Du Y. 2004.Effects of learning styles and class participation on students’ enjoyment level in distributed learning environments.
Richmond AS & Liu L. 2005. Student learning styles of traditional courses versus online distyance
courses.
Terrell SR & Dringus L. 2000.An investigation of the effect of learning style on student success in an on-
line learning environment.
Learning styles - Blended learning
No correlation between specific learning styles and computer
enhanced instruction
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Myers - Bryggs:
Extraversion - IntroversionSensing - IntuitiveThinking - FeelingJudging - Perceptive
Kolb:
AccomodativeAssimilativeDivergentConvergent
Visual AuditoryKinesthetic Tactile
Rose:
Felder & Silverman:
Active - ReflectiveSensing - IntuitiveVisual - VerbalSequential - Global
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
Computer is a tool - it can be used to favour any learning strategy or style
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
to ...blend on not to blend?
Instructional Advantages:
- simplicity, accessibility, flexibility
- management of learning process, documentation
Educational Advantages:
- pedagogic strategic choice- better than purely on-line education
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
to ...blend on not to blend?
...because students will like it more
...because this way you will accommodate more learning styles
...because it is be more effective
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
”Blended learning focuses on optimising achievement of learning objectives by applying the right learning technologies to match the right learning style to transfer the right skills to the right person at the right time”
Singh H & Reed C.
Singh H & Reed C. A white paper: Achieving success with Blended Learning. www.Centra.com 2005.
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
”The term blended-learning is ill-defined and inconsistenly used. Whilst its popularity is increasing, its clarity is not.
Building research around this term becomes an impossible project, since without a common concept of its meaning there can be no coherent way of synthesising the findings of studies, let alone developing a consistent theoretical framework.”
Oliver M (London) & Trigwell K (Oxford) 2005
Oliver M, Trigwell K. Can blended learning be redeemed? E-learning, Vol2, Nr1, 2005.
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos
”Blended is a transitory term. Soon it will join other terms in the dustbin of has-beens. In the meantime, ”blended” is a stepping stone to the future.
It reminds us to look at learning challenges from many directions. It makes computer-only training look ridiculous.
It drives us to pick the right tools to get the job done”.
Jay Cross
Jay Cross, In: Foreword, Handbook of blended learning. December2004
September 2006 ADEE Cracow, Nikos Mattheos