THE NEW FRONTIER: Libraries seek new Technology Platforms for and End-user Discovery, Collection Management, and Preservation Marshall Breeding Director for Innovative Technology and Research Vanderbilt University Library Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guides http://www.librarytechnology.org/ http://twitter.com/mbreeding 11 September 2011 IGeLU
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THE NEW FRONTIER: Libraries seek new Technology Platforms for and End-user Discovery, Collection Management, and Preservation
Marshall BreedingDirector for Innovative Technology and ResearchVanderbilt University LibraryFounder and Publisher, Library Technology Guideshttp://www.librarytechnology.org/http://twitter.com/mbreeding
AbstractMarshall Breeding will provide his view of the changing landscape of library technologies. Academic, research, and public libraries experience great changes in the nature of their collections and in the expectation of their clientele. Increased involvement in electronic content and decreased emphasis on print collections press demand for tools that break away from traditional library management models and address a broader view of library collections. Libraries likewise face new imperatives to deliver end user interfaces consistent with that experienced elsewhere on the Web and that provide access to the entire span of library collections including print, local digital collections, and subscribed collections of articles, databases and e-books. Many libraries find themselves involved with content areas outside of traditional collections, including needs to manage or archive scientific data sets, and to deliver new types of services in support of research, teaching, or other strategic activities of their parent organizations. Traditional automation tools increasingly fail to meet expectations in this context. Breeding will discuss some of the issues and challenges involved for as new technologies emerge to address the changed realities of libraries today.
Library Technology Guides
www.librarytechnolog
y.org
International Perceptions Surveyhttp://www.librarytechnology.org/perceptions2010.pl
Annual Industry report published in Library Journal: 2011: New Frontier: battle intensifies to win hearts,
minds and tech dollars 2010: New Models, Core Systems 2009: Investing in the Future 2008: Opportunity out of turmoil 2007: An industry redefined 2006: Reshuffling the deck 2005: Gradual evolution 2004: Migration down, innovation up 2003: The competition heats up 2002: Capturing the migrating customer
LJ Automation Marketplace
The New Frontier… new phase of competition following a
period of research and development that aimed to provide alternatives to libraries, both in back-end automation and end user discovery. A variety of new solutions have emerged, often representing quite different conceptual models. In a continued trend, librarians seek solutions that immediately improve the experiences of their users, especially via discovery products.
Key Context: Academic Libraries in Transition Shift from Print > Electronic
E-journal transition largely complete E-books now in play (consultation > reading)
Increasing emphasis on subscribed content, especially articles and databases
Academic libraries seeing long-term declines in print circulation
Need better tools for managing electronic resources Need better tools for access to complex multi-format
collections Strong emphasis on digitizing local collections Demands for enterprise integration and interoperability
Key Context: Technologies in transition
XML / Web services / Service-oriented Architecture Beyond Web 2.0
Integration of social computing into core infrastructure Local computing shifting to cloud platforms
Application Service Provider offerings standard New expectations for multi-tenant software-as-a-
service Full spectrum of devices
full-scale / net book / tablet / mobile Mobile the current focus, but is only one example of
device and interface cycles
Key Text: Changed expectations in metadata management Moving away from individual record-by-record creation Life cycle of metadata
Metadata follows the supply chain, improved and enhanced along the way as needed
Manage metadata in bulk when possible E-book collections
Highly shared metadata E-journal knowledge bases, e.g.
Great interest in moving toward semantic web and open linked data Very little progress in linked data for operational systems AACR2 > RDA MARC > RDF?
Status Quo Sustainable? ILS for management of (mostly) print Duplicative financial systems between library and campus Electronic Resource Management (non-integrated with ILS) OpenURL Link Resolver w/ knowledge base for access to
full-text electronic articles Digital Collections Management platforms (CONTENTdm,
DigiTool, etc.) Institutional Repositories (DSpace, Fedora, etc.) Discovery-layer services for broader access to library
collections No effective integration services / interoperability among
Phase of realignment Strong need to realign library
automation with current library realities Legacy library systems reinforce
workflows no longer in step with library priorities.
Need systems that allow libraries to allocate personnel in proper proportion to collection
Separate automation platforms for print and electronic have not proven successful
Academic Library Issues Greater concern with electronic
resources Management: Need for consolidated
approach that balances print, digital, and electronic workflows
Access: discovery interfaces that maximize the value of investments in electronic content
Public Library Issues Enhance the experience of library
patrons Management and access to physical
resources Self-service through the Web portal:
View current loans, perform holds, renewals, pay fines and fees
Self-service in the physical library RFID-based self-issue and returns Helps the library deploy service personnel
for highest impact
National Library Issues Larger-scale collections Cultural Heritage responsibilities National services: bibliographic, resource
sharing, automation, etc. National infrastructure: technology
platforms shared at the widest level
Digital preservation Libraries involved in creating digital libraries need
processes and infrastructure for long-term preservation Open Archival Information Systems (OAIS) defines practices
and protocols that need to be embodied in a digital preservation environment
Trusted Digital Repositories: meet standards for preservation appropriate for unique and valuable collections
Digital preservation currently implemented in national, large research, and other well-resourced libraries and archives.
Some institutional projects, some cooperative Common to have disaster recovery; rare to implement true
digital preservation
A Cloudy Forecast for LibrariesSystems Librarian Column, Sept 2011
“Service-oriented architectures and browser-based interfaces deployed through cloud-based infrastructure stand today as the key technologies preferred for new software development efforts”
collections OpenURL linking services E-journal finding aids (Often managed by link resolver) Subject guides (e.g. Springshare LibGuides) Local digital collections
ETDs, photos, rich media collections Metasearch engines
Current phase focused on pre-populated indexes that aim to deliver Web-scale discovery Primo Central (Ex Libris) Summon (Serials Solutions) WorldCat Local (OCLC) EBSCO Discovery Service (EBSCO) Encore with Article Integration
Citations / Metadata > Full Text Citations or structured metadata provide
key data to power search & retrieval and faceted navigation
Indexing Full-text of content amplifies access
Important to understand depth indexing Currency, dates covered, full-text or citation Many other factors
Web-scale Index-based DiscoverySearch: Digital
Collections
ProQuest
EBSCOhost
…MLA
Bibliography
ABC-CLIO
Search Results
Pre-built harvesting and indexing
Consolidated Index
ILS Data
Challenge for Relevancy Technically feasible to index hundreds of
millions or billions of records through Lucene or SOLR
Difficult to order records in ways that make sense
Many fairly equivalent candidates returned for any given query
Must rely on use-based and social factors to improve relevancy rankings
Open Discovery Initiative Project underway to address issues related to
information providers, discovery service providers, and libraries
Protocols for transfer of content Transparency of what is transferred and indexed Rights or restrictions on how discovery services use
content Initial meeting at ALA Annual Proposal under consideration by NISO
“Proposed New Work Item: Standards and Best Practices for Library Discovery Services Based on Indexed Search”
Decoupled from ILS
Decoupled Discovery? Decoupled interfaces emerged from broken online
catalogs Poor interfaces, inadequate scope
Inefficient integration between automation and discovery platforms
New wave of more tightly integrated suites: Ex Libris Alma > Primo OCLC Web-scale Management Services > WorldCat Local Serials Solutions Web-Scale Management Solution >
Summon Still possible to decouple, but more effort, worse
results
Delivering library services to mobile devices
Increased expectationfor access to services through mobile
Library services: Mobile web Apps
Carefully selectfunctionality appropriatefor mobile
Tablet computing Tablet computers have been around for a
while, but the introduction of Apple’s iPad increases popularity