BLDC Motor Arduino Controller

Cd-Rom 3 phase Sensored BLDC Motor Arduino ControllerBLDC (brushless dc) motors are three phase dc motors, unlike the simple dc motors the bldc motors are more difficult to control. These motors are used in many applications for examples rc airplans and rc cars.

In this post we will see how to control cd-rom sensored BLDC motor using Arduino uno board. But first there are some things we should know in order to control the motor in easy way.The bldc motor that we are going to use is sensored via hall effect sensors (position sensors) attached with the motor(3 sensors). Each sensor outputs digital high for 180 electrical degrees and low for the other 180 electrical degrees.these sensors are used to tell us where is the position of the motor, then when we know the position of the motor we will energize just tow windings (of three). The below figure shows how sensors outputs and the corresponding voltage applied to the motor:

The motor is driven by a 3 phase bridge which contains 6 mosfets like the figure below:

And for the bridge I used to run the motor visit this post below:Three Phase BLDC Motor BridgeWe can run the bldc motor in the cw or ccw rotaion but the sensor of the cw rotaion is different from the sensor of the ccw direction. The tow tables below show the sensor and the coils that activated at each phase:

Also for more information for the hall effect sensors and how to test it visit this link:Sensored Cd-Rom BLDC Motor Hall Effect SensorsThe complete circuit is shown below:

The Arduino code is below:I used timer 2 interrupt every about 30ms to read the analog value and generate the corresponding pwm signal. For the pwm I used PWM.h library to generate 20KHz easily. Also in the code there are tow functions one for forward rotation and the other for the backward rotation.#includeint32_tfrequency=20000;//pwm frequency in Hzunsigned int n = 0, timer2_initial_value, s = 0;void setup(){InitTimersSafe();boolsuccess=SetPinFrequencySafe(9, frequency);pinMode(3, OUTPUT);pinMode(4, OUTPUT);pinMode(5, OUTPUT);pinMode(6, OUTPUT);pinMode(7, OUTPUT);pinMode(8, OUTPUT);pinMode(13, OUTPUT);pinMode(0, INPUT);pinMode(1, INPUT);pinMode(2, INPUT);pinMode(10, INPUT_PULLUP);pinMode(11, INPUT_PULLUP);pinMode(12, INPUT_PULLUP);// initialize timer2 interrupt for adc reading noInterrupts(); // disable all interruptsTCCR2A=0;TCCR2B=0;timer2_initial_value=0;TCNT2=timer2_initial_value;// preload timerTCCR2B|=(1