Blazars @ -ray and other frequencies P. Giommi Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
Jan 30, 2016
Blazars @ -ray and other frequencies
P. Giommi Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
AGN : Two main categories 1. Dominated by accretion - disk
emission - AP-AGN2. Dominated by Non-Thermal
radiation - jet emission - NT-AGN
Blazars: NT-AGN viewed at a small angle
w.r.t. jet axisRadio Galaxies:NT-AGN viewed at a large angle
w.r.t. jet axisBroad-line radio galaxies (e.g.
3c120) :A combination of AP-AGN and “mis-directed” NT-AGN
Blazars and the AGN paradigm
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
3C 279 : a Low energy peaked Blazar (LBL)
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
MKN 421 : a High energy peaked BL Lac (HBL)
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
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3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
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Courtesy of P. Padovani
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
The SED of 3C454.3 and the Swift-BAT lightcurve in May-June 2005.
( Giommi et al. 2006, A&A, 456, 911)
The giant flare of 3C454.3 in spring 2005
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
A multi-frequency catalog of all known blazars
Catalog of confirmed literature blazars. Compiled in support to AGILE and GLAST missions
Massaro et al. 2007. Currently covers
0 < R.A. < 16 hrs : 1510 objects
> 2000 objects when complete (~ end 2007)
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
•194 FSRQs•38 BL Lacs•30 Radio galaxies•15 Steep sp. QSO•2 starburst galaxies•2 planetary nebule
•41 unidentified
323 bright sources
The large majority of bright WMAP foreground sources are blazars or radio galaxies
WMAP CMB fluctuation map
Blazars @ -wave frequencies the 3-year WMAP data
Bright foreground source catalog
Planck will be in a vey similar situation to that of GLAST - LAT(thousands of deteced blazars + contribution to unresolved flux).
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
CMB spectrum contaminationGiommi & Colafrancesco 2004 A&A 414,7, Giommi et al. 2006 A&A 445, 843
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
All microwave selected blazars are X-ray sources.
2007 A&A, 468, 571
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
A complete, -wave flux limitedsample of blazars
Based on WMAP 3-year catalogAll sources with F_41 GHz > 1 Jy
166 objects altogether 112 confirmed FSRQ22 Confirmed BL Lacs6 confirmed blazars, not clear if FSRQs or BL Lacs13 radio galaxies7 still optically unidentified (all with blazar-like SED)
Cleaned for source confusion
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
A complete, -wave flux limitedsample of blazars
Preliminary results
Best fit slope -1.67 LogN-LogSAll blazars
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
A complete, -wave flux limitedsample of blazars
Preliminary results
Cosmological evolution
FSRQs
<V/Vm> = 0.65 +/- 0.027BL Lacs
<V/Vm> = 0.54 +/- 0.062
M=0.3,=0.7 cosmology
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
A complete, -wave flux limitedsample of blazars
Preliminary results
Luminosity functionFSRQs
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
Swift XRT serendipitous sources in GRBs pointigs :
the “perfect” serendipitous survey ~1 blazar/field expected with radio flux > 10 mJy!
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
209 deep (4x104-6x105 seconds) GRB exposures analyzed
~15,500 sources detected with positional uncertainty of 4-6 arscecs.
143 fields are at |bII| > 20 : ~11,500 sources
242 radio/X-ray matches (blazar candidates)
Swift XRT serendipitous survey
in GRB deep fields status as of end of April 2007
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
GLAST bandpass
Blazar contribution to the extragalactic
X and -ray background
€
I = S ⋅dN
dS⋅dS
S min
S max
∫
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
Max EGRET
Min EGRET
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
Dark matter-blazar angular power spectrum Ando Komatsu Narumoto & Totani 2007 Astro-ph/0612467, Colafrancesco & Giommi 2007, in preparation.
Blazars
Dark matter
GLAST expected signal
XRT data
BeppoSAX
High energy peaked BL Lacs (HBL) Tramacere et al. 2007, A&A 467, 501
SED of MRK 421 in 2005: large changes in luminosity and peak energy.
SED of 1H1100 – 230 observed on 30 June (blue) and 13 July 2005 (red). BeppoSAX 1997 and 1998 data are shown as open symbols.
UVOT data
High energy peaked BL Lacs (HBL)
SED of 1ES 1959+650 (19 April 2005)
SED of 1ES 1553+113 observed on 20 April (red), 6 Octobe (blue), and 8 October 2005 (green)
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
May 1999
MKN421 in a bright state: the BeppoSAX observation of May 2000Massaro, Perri, Giommi, Nesci, 2004 A&A
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
Log parabolic photon spectra can be explainedas due to Synchrotron radiation from a log-parabolic
particle distribution (Massaro et al. 2004a A&A 413, 489, 2004b, A&A 422,103)
SSC from a log parabolic electron distribution(Massaro et al. 2005, in press)
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
Massaro et al. 2006 A&A 448,861.
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
Giommi et al. 2007A&A 468, 97ROXA J081009.9+384757.0 is a z = 3.95
Blazar with HBL-like radio/X-ray SED
fx/fr ~ 5x10-11 erg/cm2/s/Jy
Recent Swift observations showed that the
X-ray luminosity of the QSO is larger
than 1047 erg/s.
The SED is consistent with two possibilities• New type of blazar
• Very high power HBL
High-power HBLs ?
See also IGR J2251+2218, Bassani et al. 2007, submitted
INTEGRAL discovered z=3.668 blazar with fx/fr ~ 2x1010 erg/cm2/s/Jy
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
High-power HBLs ! The case of BZB J1456+5048 (Z=0.479)
Rosat luminosity ~ 5x1046 erg/s
RosatSDSS data
NVSS
SDSS optical spectrum
3 luglio 2007 Astrofisica Gamma dallo Spazio
AGILE e GLAST
High-power HBLs ! The case of BZB J1456+5048. Swift data.
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