BIRTH CONTROL METHODS. BIRTH CONTROL A REGIMEN OF ONE OR MORE ACTIONS, DEVICES, OR MEDICATIONS FOLLOWED IN ORDER TO PREVENT OR REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF.

BIRTH CONTROL METHODS

BIRTH CONTROL• A REGIMEN OF ONE OR MORE

ACTIONS, DEVICES, OR MEDICATIONS FOLLOWED IN ORDER TO PREVENT OR REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF A WOMAN BECOMING PREGNANT.

INEFFECTIVE METHODS OF BIRTH CONTROL

• WITHDRAWL METHOD

• DOUCHING- ACTUALLY SPREADS SEMEN FURTHER INTO THE UTERUS

• RHYTHYM METHOD- A WOMAN ONLY OVULATES ONCE A MONTH.– PROBLEM: AVG. MALE EJACULATE

CONTAINS 500,000,000 SPERM THAT CAN LIVE FOR AN AVG. OF 3 DAYS INSIDE THE FEMALE.

ABSTINENCE• voluntarily refraining from some or all

aspects of sexual activity.

• Reasons:– Religion– Prevent Pregnancy– Prevent STD’s– Lack of Suitable Partners– Individual Values

• Effectiveness:– Pregnancy 100%– STD’s 100%

BARRIER METHODS• MALE/FEMALE CONDOM

– IS A DEVICE USUALLY MADE OF LATEX THAT REDUCES THE RISK OF PREGNANCY AND STD’S

• PROPER USE:– CHECK EXPIRATION DATE– PRESS TIP FIRMLY TO EXPEL AIR

FROM CONDOM. AIR TRAPPED INSIDE CAN CAUSE CONDOM TO BREAK.

– UNROLL CONDOM ONTO THE PENIS.– DISCARD AFTER USE.– NEVER USE OIL BASED LUBRICANTS

WITH LATEX!

CONDOMS (CONT.)•LATEX CONDOMS ARE MOST EFFECTIVE

•USE SPERMICIDAL LUBRICANT

•EFFECTIVENESS:–98% PREGNANCY–85% AIDS/HIV

BARRIER METHODS•DIAPHRAGM/

CERVICAL CAPS–It is a small soft rubber dome the user fills with spermicide before placing it in the vagina to prevent sperm from entering the cervix.–Must remain in vagina for 6-8 hrs after intercourse.–DOES NOT PREVENT STD’S!

BARRIER METHODS•Contraceptive Sponge

–Must be inserted prior to sex, vaginally and covers the cervix

–95% effective avoiding pregnancy

–DOES NOT PREVENT STD’s

CHEMICAL METHODS•THE PILL

–CHEMICALS TAKEN THAT PREVENT NORMAL FERTILITY.

–PREVENTS OVULATION NOT STD’S

–MUST TAKE EVERY 12 HOURS

THE PILL• SIDE EFFECTS:

– WEIGHT GAIN– NAUSEA– HEAD ACHES– DEPRESSION– URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS– SMOKERS MAY BE AT INCREASED

RISK FOR HEART ATTACK AND/OR STROKE

– DOES NOT PREVENT STD’S

CHEMICAL METHODS•Contraceptive Patch

–PATCH APPLIED TO THE SKIN THAT PREVENTS PREGNANCY

•Same side effects and effectiveness as the pill.

•DOES NOT PREVENT STD’s

CHEMICAL METHODS

• CERVICAL RING–Ring placed around cervix

that slowly releases estrogen and progesterone

–Prevents ovum from being released

–Need a prescription

CHEMICAL METHODS

•NO PROTECTION AGAINST STD’S

DEPO-PROVERA• INJECTION ONCE EVERY 11-13

WEEKS THAT CAUSES THE OVARIES TO STOP RELEASING EGGS.

• PREGNANCY: 99.7% EFFECTIVE

• SIDE EFFECTS:– DECREASES BONE DENSITY– INFERTILITY– WEIGHT GAIN– PANIC ATTACKS– ACNE

SUB-DERMAL IMPLANTS• NORPLANT • IMPLANTED UNDER THE SKIN IN WOMEN

THROUGH A SMALL INCISION• SIDE EFFECTS:

– IRREGULAR MENSTRATION– HEADACHE– DEPRESSION – ACNE– HAIR GROWTH

• BEING DISCONTINUED FROM PRODUCTION

• BEING REPLACED BY JADELLE

INTRAUTERINE DEVICE•A DEVICE PLACED IN THE UTERUS THAT PREVENTS A SPERMS PASSAGE TO THE OVUM•HORMONAL IUD IS AS EFFECTIVE AS PILL AGAINST PREVENTING PREGNANCY (98-99%)•NO PREVENTION AGAINST STD’S•CAN BE USED AS A

FORM OF EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION

SURGICAL STERILIZATION•TUBAL LIGATION- FALLOPIAN TUBES ARE CLOSED OFF.•HYESTERECTOMY- UTERINE LINING IS SURGICALLY REMOVED. ALSO PREVENTS UTERINE CANCER.•VASECTOMY- VAS DEFERENS OF MALE ARE CUT AND TIED OFF.

EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION

• USED TO KEEP WOMEN FROM GETTING PREGNANT AFTER UNPROTECTED VAGINAL INTERCOURSE OR FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTIVE METHOD.

• “MORNING AFTER PILL” 75-89%

• COPPER T IUD 99.7%

• DOCTOR/CLINIC VISIT NECESSARY

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION• BIRTH CONTROL TECHNIQUES• BIRTH CONTROL VS RELIGION• HISTORY OF BIRTH CONTROL

– VISIT:– http://www.4woman.gov/faq/birthcont.ht

m

– http://www.plannedparenthood.org/pp2/portal/medicalinfo/birthcontrol/

• DIRECTS TO NEAREST PLANNED PARENTHOOD FACILITY

– Websites that end in .org and .gov are most reliable