A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON “WORKERS PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENT” AT SHAKTINAGAR(SSTPP) ( A UNIT OF GOVT. OF INDIA) Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the award of the two year post graduate degree in Personnel management & industrial relation 2010 -2012 Submitted To:- Presented By:- NAVNEETA SHOME Bipin Kumar HR Department MPMIR (2010-12) NTPC Ltd. B. H. U Shaktinagar, Sonebhadra Varanasi-221005 1
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A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
ON
ldquoWORKERS PARTICIPATION IN MANAGEMENTrdquo
AT
SHAKTINAGAR(SSTPP)
( A UNIT OF GOVT OF INDIA)
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the award of the two year post graduate degree in
Personnel management amp industrial relation
2010 -2012
Submitted To- Presented By-
NAVNEETA SHOME Bipin Kumar
HR Department MPMIR (2010-12)
NTPC Ltd B H U
Shaktinagar Sonebhadra Varanasi-221005
1
Acknowledgement
In an organization be one man working in isolation can achieve it an industry a school or society no outcomes Itrsquos always a group working and achieving the outcome in totality It is the outcome of all the guidance and support that we received from this organization
We would like to special thank Mr SS DasAGM (Training) for having arrangement of our training in this organization
In my prior list I would like to express my profound sense of gratitude to the authorities of ldquoNTPC LIMITEDrdquoamp Mrs Navneeta Shome under whose guidance amp supervision the present study has been carried out
I am very grateful to Mrs Navneeta Shome who always spread their valuable time to steer me through this project work with smiling face amp I am also thankful to all the staff members of HR department
The list also contains my colleagues and friends for helping me in preparation of rough sketches for the project and inspired me throughout
Lastly I owe a considerable debt to all the members of NTPC PARIWAR specially the HR ndashEmployee Relation Department who spared their precious time by answering the Questions and Queries and thus helping me in my cause
Bipin Kumar MPMIR(BHU)
Certificate
2
DATE 15 052011
PLACE Singrauli
This is to certify that MrBipin Kumar student of MPMIR Department of PSychology BHU Varanasi has done his eight week summer training project from 15052011 to 15072011 in concept HR at HIndalco industries ltd on the topic ldquoworkers participation in management rdquo for partial fulfilment of MPMIR degree from BHUVaranasi
His work and conduct during the training was excellent
We wish him all success in future
Guided By -
Mrs Navneeta shome
HR Department
Ntpc ltd
Shaktinagar soneb
ABOUT NTPC
NTPC ndash AN OVERVIEW
The year 1975 witnessed the birth of organisation that went on to achieve great feats
3
in performance in a sector that was until then characterized largely by lack of investment serve supply shortages and operational practices that made the commercial viability of the sector unsustainable On November 7 1975 NTPC came into being and with it came a bold way of looking at the power infrastructure that could support the economy then reeling under the oil crises Since then NTPC has led the power sector with the creation of an immensely efficient and reliable power generation infrastructure which was till then largely in the hands of State Electricity Boards
NTPC true to the expectation played a key role in the development of the sector and has emerged as the largest power utility lighting every fourth bulb in the country Powering the growth of the country was the prime motto and the vision had been to make available power in plenty
NTPC today has emerged as an lsquoIntegrated Power Majorrsquo with a significant presence in the entire value chain of power generation business In Forbes list of ldquoWorldrsquos 2000 largest companies 2007rdquo NTPC occupies 411th place With a current generation capacity of 30144 MW NTPC has embarked on
4
plants to become a 75000 MW company by 2017 the chain of power generation business
NTPC was set up in the central sector to build own and operate large thermal power station with unit sizes of 200MW and 500MW Capacity addition by NTPC was meant to supplement the efforts of State Electricity Boards The first four projects namely singrauli Korba Ramagundam and Farakka in four different regions of the country were already on the drawing board and were to be set up as pit-head stations There was challenge aplenty The expectations were high and so were high and so were risk NTPC symbolized hope of the country suffering from crippling power black-outs the Government of India which was trying to put an ailing economy back on the track and the World Bank which was supporting the country in many development initiatives Thus NTPC was created not only to redraw the power map of India but to excel in its performance and set bench marks for others to follow It succeeds on both courts
National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd (NTPC) and national hydroelectric power corporation ltd (NHPC) were set up in the central sector to supplement the efforts of the states With an installed capacity of 24249 mega watt (MW) NTPC today contributes 2708 of the
5
nationrsquos power generation with only 2006 of Indiarsquos total installed capacity
Installed Capacity
NTPC
Owned
NO of
Plant
MW
Generatio
n
Coal 15 23895
GasLiquid
Fuel
07 3955
Total 22 27850
Owned by
JVs
Coal amp Gas 04 2044
Total 26 29894
Coal Based Power Stations
With 15 coal based power station NTPC is the largest Thermal power generating company in the country The company has a coal based installed capacity of 23895 MW as on January 31 2009
6
Sl
No
Coal
Based
(Owned
by NTPC)
State Commission
ed
Capicity(MW
)
1 Singrauli Uttar
Pradesh
2000
2 Korba Chhattisga
rh
2100
3 Ramagunda
m
Andhra
Pradesh
2600
4 Farakka West
Bengal
1600
5 Vindhyachal Madhya
Pradesh
3260
6 Rihand Uttar
Pradesh
2000
7 Kahalgaon Bihar 2340
8 NTCPP UP 840
9 Talchar
Kaniha
Orissa 3000
7
10 Unchahar Uttar
Pradesh
1050
11 Talcher
Thermal
Orissa 460
12 Simhadri Andra
Pradesh
1000
13 Tanda Uttar
Pradesh
440
14 Badarpur Delhi 705
15 Sipat Chhattisga
rh
1000
TOTA
L
23895
8
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
Acknowledgement
In an organization be one man working in isolation can achieve it an industry a school or society no outcomes Itrsquos always a group working and achieving the outcome in totality It is the outcome of all the guidance and support that we received from this organization
We would like to special thank Mr SS DasAGM (Training) for having arrangement of our training in this organization
In my prior list I would like to express my profound sense of gratitude to the authorities of ldquoNTPC LIMITEDrdquoamp Mrs Navneeta Shome under whose guidance amp supervision the present study has been carried out
I am very grateful to Mrs Navneeta Shome who always spread their valuable time to steer me through this project work with smiling face amp I am also thankful to all the staff members of HR department
The list also contains my colleagues and friends for helping me in preparation of rough sketches for the project and inspired me throughout
Lastly I owe a considerable debt to all the members of NTPC PARIWAR specially the HR ndashEmployee Relation Department who spared their precious time by answering the Questions and Queries and thus helping me in my cause
Bipin Kumar MPMIR(BHU)
Certificate
2
DATE 15 052011
PLACE Singrauli
This is to certify that MrBipin Kumar student of MPMIR Department of PSychology BHU Varanasi has done his eight week summer training project from 15052011 to 15072011 in concept HR at HIndalco industries ltd on the topic ldquoworkers participation in management rdquo for partial fulfilment of MPMIR degree from BHUVaranasi
His work and conduct during the training was excellent
We wish him all success in future
Guided By -
Mrs Navneeta shome
HR Department
Ntpc ltd
Shaktinagar soneb
ABOUT NTPC
NTPC ndash AN OVERVIEW
The year 1975 witnessed the birth of organisation that went on to achieve great feats
3
in performance in a sector that was until then characterized largely by lack of investment serve supply shortages and operational practices that made the commercial viability of the sector unsustainable On November 7 1975 NTPC came into being and with it came a bold way of looking at the power infrastructure that could support the economy then reeling under the oil crises Since then NTPC has led the power sector with the creation of an immensely efficient and reliable power generation infrastructure which was till then largely in the hands of State Electricity Boards
NTPC true to the expectation played a key role in the development of the sector and has emerged as the largest power utility lighting every fourth bulb in the country Powering the growth of the country was the prime motto and the vision had been to make available power in plenty
NTPC today has emerged as an lsquoIntegrated Power Majorrsquo with a significant presence in the entire value chain of power generation business In Forbes list of ldquoWorldrsquos 2000 largest companies 2007rdquo NTPC occupies 411th place With a current generation capacity of 30144 MW NTPC has embarked on
4
plants to become a 75000 MW company by 2017 the chain of power generation business
NTPC was set up in the central sector to build own and operate large thermal power station with unit sizes of 200MW and 500MW Capacity addition by NTPC was meant to supplement the efforts of State Electricity Boards The first four projects namely singrauli Korba Ramagundam and Farakka in four different regions of the country were already on the drawing board and were to be set up as pit-head stations There was challenge aplenty The expectations were high and so were high and so were risk NTPC symbolized hope of the country suffering from crippling power black-outs the Government of India which was trying to put an ailing economy back on the track and the World Bank which was supporting the country in many development initiatives Thus NTPC was created not only to redraw the power map of India but to excel in its performance and set bench marks for others to follow It succeeds on both courts
National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd (NTPC) and national hydroelectric power corporation ltd (NHPC) were set up in the central sector to supplement the efforts of the states With an installed capacity of 24249 mega watt (MW) NTPC today contributes 2708 of the
5
nationrsquos power generation with only 2006 of Indiarsquos total installed capacity
Installed Capacity
NTPC
Owned
NO of
Plant
MW
Generatio
n
Coal 15 23895
GasLiquid
Fuel
07 3955
Total 22 27850
Owned by
JVs
Coal amp Gas 04 2044
Total 26 29894
Coal Based Power Stations
With 15 coal based power station NTPC is the largest Thermal power generating company in the country The company has a coal based installed capacity of 23895 MW as on January 31 2009
6
Sl
No
Coal
Based
(Owned
by NTPC)
State Commission
ed
Capicity(MW
)
1 Singrauli Uttar
Pradesh
2000
2 Korba Chhattisga
rh
2100
3 Ramagunda
m
Andhra
Pradesh
2600
4 Farakka West
Bengal
1600
5 Vindhyachal Madhya
Pradesh
3260
6 Rihand Uttar
Pradesh
2000
7 Kahalgaon Bihar 2340
8 NTCPP UP 840
9 Talchar
Kaniha
Orissa 3000
7
10 Unchahar Uttar
Pradesh
1050
11 Talcher
Thermal
Orissa 460
12 Simhadri Andra
Pradesh
1000
13 Tanda Uttar
Pradesh
440
14 Badarpur Delhi 705
15 Sipat Chhattisga
rh
1000
TOTA
L
23895
8
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
DATE 15 052011
PLACE Singrauli
This is to certify that MrBipin Kumar student of MPMIR Department of PSychology BHU Varanasi has done his eight week summer training project from 15052011 to 15072011 in concept HR at HIndalco industries ltd on the topic ldquoworkers participation in management rdquo for partial fulfilment of MPMIR degree from BHUVaranasi
His work and conduct during the training was excellent
We wish him all success in future
Guided By -
Mrs Navneeta shome
HR Department
Ntpc ltd
Shaktinagar soneb
ABOUT NTPC
NTPC ndash AN OVERVIEW
The year 1975 witnessed the birth of organisation that went on to achieve great feats
3
in performance in a sector that was until then characterized largely by lack of investment serve supply shortages and operational practices that made the commercial viability of the sector unsustainable On November 7 1975 NTPC came into being and with it came a bold way of looking at the power infrastructure that could support the economy then reeling under the oil crises Since then NTPC has led the power sector with the creation of an immensely efficient and reliable power generation infrastructure which was till then largely in the hands of State Electricity Boards
NTPC true to the expectation played a key role in the development of the sector and has emerged as the largest power utility lighting every fourth bulb in the country Powering the growth of the country was the prime motto and the vision had been to make available power in plenty
NTPC today has emerged as an lsquoIntegrated Power Majorrsquo with a significant presence in the entire value chain of power generation business In Forbes list of ldquoWorldrsquos 2000 largest companies 2007rdquo NTPC occupies 411th place With a current generation capacity of 30144 MW NTPC has embarked on
4
plants to become a 75000 MW company by 2017 the chain of power generation business
NTPC was set up in the central sector to build own and operate large thermal power station with unit sizes of 200MW and 500MW Capacity addition by NTPC was meant to supplement the efforts of State Electricity Boards The first four projects namely singrauli Korba Ramagundam and Farakka in four different regions of the country were already on the drawing board and were to be set up as pit-head stations There was challenge aplenty The expectations were high and so were high and so were risk NTPC symbolized hope of the country suffering from crippling power black-outs the Government of India which was trying to put an ailing economy back on the track and the World Bank which was supporting the country in many development initiatives Thus NTPC was created not only to redraw the power map of India but to excel in its performance and set bench marks for others to follow It succeeds on both courts
National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd (NTPC) and national hydroelectric power corporation ltd (NHPC) were set up in the central sector to supplement the efforts of the states With an installed capacity of 24249 mega watt (MW) NTPC today contributes 2708 of the
5
nationrsquos power generation with only 2006 of Indiarsquos total installed capacity
Installed Capacity
NTPC
Owned
NO of
Plant
MW
Generatio
n
Coal 15 23895
GasLiquid
Fuel
07 3955
Total 22 27850
Owned by
JVs
Coal amp Gas 04 2044
Total 26 29894
Coal Based Power Stations
With 15 coal based power station NTPC is the largest Thermal power generating company in the country The company has a coal based installed capacity of 23895 MW as on January 31 2009
6
Sl
No
Coal
Based
(Owned
by NTPC)
State Commission
ed
Capicity(MW
)
1 Singrauli Uttar
Pradesh
2000
2 Korba Chhattisga
rh
2100
3 Ramagunda
m
Andhra
Pradesh
2600
4 Farakka West
Bengal
1600
5 Vindhyachal Madhya
Pradesh
3260
6 Rihand Uttar
Pradesh
2000
7 Kahalgaon Bihar 2340
8 NTCPP UP 840
9 Talchar
Kaniha
Orissa 3000
7
10 Unchahar Uttar
Pradesh
1050
11 Talcher
Thermal
Orissa 460
12 Simhadri Andra
Pradesh
1000
13 Tanda Uttar
Pradesh
440
14 Badarpur Delhi 705
15 Sipat Chhattisga
rh
1000
TOTA
L
23895
8
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
in performance in a sector that was until then characterized largely by lack of investment serve supply shortages and operational practices that made the commercial viability of the sector unsustainable On November 7 1975 NTPC came into being and with it came a bold way of looking at the power infrastructure that could support the economy then reeling under the oil crises Since then NTPC has led the power sector with the creation of an immensely efficient and reliable power generation infrastructure which was till then largely in the hands of State Electricity Boards
NTPC true to the expectation played a key role in the development of the sector and has emerged as the largest power utility lighting every fourth bulb in the country Powering the growth of the country was the prime motto and the vision had been to make available power in plenty
NTPC today has emerged as an lsquoIntegrated Power Majorrsquo with a significant presence in the entire value chain of power generation business In Forbes list of ldquoWorldrsquos 2000 largest companies 2007rdquo NTPC occupies 411th place With a current generation capacity of 30144 MW NTPC has embarked on
4
plants to become a 75000 MW company by 2017 the chain of power generation business
NTPC was set up in the central sector to build own and operate large thermal power station with unit sizes of 200MW and 500MW Capacity addition by NTPC was meant to supplement the efforts of State Electricity Boards The first four projects namely singrauli Korba Ramagundam and Farakka in four different regions of the country were already on the drawing board and were to be set up as pit-head stations There was challenge aplenty The expectations were high and so were high and so were risk NTPC symbolized hope of the country suffering from crippling power black-outs the Government of India which was trying to put an ailing economy back on the track and the World Bank which was supporting the country in many development initiatives Thus NTPC was created not only to redraw the power map of India but to excel in its performance and set bench marks for others to follow It succeeds on both courts
National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd (NTPC) and national hydroelectric power corporation ltd (NHPC) were set up in the central sector to supplement the efforts of the states With an installed capacity of 24249 mega watt (MW) NTPC today contributes 2708 of the
5
nationrsquos power generation with only 2006 of Indiarsquos total installed capacity
Installed Capacity
NTPC
Owned
NO of
Plant
MW
Generatio
n
Coal 15 23895
GasLiquid
Fuel
07 3955
Total 22 27850
Owned by
JVs
Coal amp Gas 04 2044
Total 26 29894
Coal Based Power Stations
With 15 coal based power station NTPC is the largest Thermal power generating company in the country The company has a coal based installed capacity of 23895 MW as on January 31 2009
6
Sl
No
Coal
Based
(Owned
by NTPC)
State Commission
ed
Capicity(MW
)
1 Singrauli Uttar
Pradesh
2000
2 Korba Chhattisga
rh
2100
3 Ramagunda
m
Andhra
Pradesh
2600
4 Farakka West
Bengal
1600
5 Vindhyachal Madhya
Pradesh
3260
6 Rihand Uttar
Pradesh
2000
7 Kahalgaon Bihar 2340
8 NTCPP UP 840
9 Talchar
Kaniha
Orissa 3000
7
10 Unchahar Uttar
Pradesh
1050
11 Talcher
Thermal
Orissa 460
12 Simhadri Andra
Pradesh
1000
13 Tanda Uttar
Pradesh
440
14 Badarpur Delhi 705
15 Sipat Chhattisga
rh
1000
TOTA
L
23895
8
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
plants to become a 75000 MW company by 2017 the chain of power generation business
NTPC was set up in the central sector to build own and operate large thermal power station with unit sizes of 200MW and 500MW Capacity addition by NTPC was meant to supplement the efforts of State Electricity Boards The first four projects namely singrauli Korba Ramagundam and Farakka in four different regions of the country were already on the drawing board and were to be set up as pit-head stations There was challenge aplenty The expectations were high and so were high and so were risk NTPC symbolized hope of the country suffering from crippling power black-outs the Government of India which was trying to put an ailing economy back on the track and the World Bank which was supporting the country in many development initiatives Thus NTPC was created not only to redraw the power map of India but to excel in its performance and set bench marks for others to follow It succeeds on both courts
National Thermal Power Corporation Ltd (NTPC) and national hydroelectric power corporation ltd (NHPC) were set up in the central sector to supplement the efforts of the states With an installed capacity of 24249 mega watt (MW) NTPC today contributes 2708 of the
5
nationrsquos power generation with only 2006 of Indiarsquos total installed capacity
Installed Capacity
NTPC
Owned
NO of
Plant
MW
Generatio
n
Coal 15 23895
GasLiquid
Fuel
07 3955
Total 22 27850
Owned by
JVs
Coal amp Gas 04 2044
Total 26 29894
Coal Based Power Stations
With 15 coal based power station NTPC is the largest Thermal power generating company in the country The company has a coal based installed capacity of 23895 MW as on January 31 2009
6
Sl
No
Coal
Based
(Owned
by NTPC)
State Commission
ed
Capicity(MW
)
1 Singrauli Uttar
Pradesh
2000
2 Korba Chhattisga
rh
2100
3 Ramagunda
m
Andhra
Pradesh
2600
4 Farakka West
Bengal
1600
5 Vindhyachal Madhya
Pradesh
3260
6 Rihand Uttar
Pradesh
2000
7 Kahalgaon Bihar 2340
8 NTCPP UP 840
9 Talchar
Kaniha
Orissa 3000
7
10 Unchahar Uttar
Pradesh
1050
11 Talcher
Thermal
Orissa 460
12 Simhadri Andra
Pradesh
1000
13 Tanda Uttar
Pradesh
440
14 Badarpur Delhi 705
15 Sipat Chhattisga
rh
1000
TOTA
L
23895
8
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
nationrsquos power generation with only 2006 of Indiarsquos total installed capacity
Installed Capacity
NTPC
Owned
NO of
Plant
MW
Generatio
n
Coal 15 23895
GasLiquid
Fuel
07 3955
Total 22 27850
Owned by
JVs
Coal amp Gas 04 2044
Total 26 29894
Coal Based Power Stations
With 15 coal based power station NTPC is the largest Thermal power generating company in the country The company has a coal based installed capacity of 23895 MW as on January 31 2009
6
Sl
No
Coal
Based
(Owned
by NTPC)
State Commission
ed
Capicity(MW
)
1 Singrauli Uttar
Pradesh
2000
2 Korba Chhattisga
rh
2100
3 Ramagunda
m
Andhra
Pradesh
2600
4 Farakka West
Bengal
1600
5 Vindhyachal Madhya
Pradesh
3260
6 Rihand Uttar
Pradesh
2000
7 Kahalgaon Bihar 2340
8 NTCPP UP 840
9 Talchar
Kaniha
Orissa 3000
7
10 Unchahar Uttar
Pradesh
1050
11 Talcher
Thermal
Orissa 460
12 Simhadri Andra
Pradesh
1000
13 Tanda Uttar
Pradesh
440
14 Badarpur Delhi 705
15 Sipat Chhattisga
rh
1000
TOTA
L
23895
8
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
Sl
No
Coal
Based
(Owned
by NTPC)
State Commission
ed
Capicity(MW
)
1 Singrauli Uttar
Pradesh
2000
2 Korba Chhattisga
rh
2100
3 Ramagunda
m
Andhra
Pradesh
2600
4 Farakka West
Bengal
1600
5 Vindhyachal Madhya
Pradesh
3260
6 Rihand Uttar
Pradesh
2000
7 Kahalgaon Bihar 2340
8 NTCPP UP 840
9 Talchar
Kaniha
Orissa 3000
7
10 Unchahar Uttar
Pradesh
1050
11 Talcher
Thermal
Orissa 460
12 Simhadri Andra
Pradesh
1000
13 Tanda Uttar
Pradesh
440
14 Badarpur Delhi 705
15 Sipat Chhattisga
rh
1000
TOTA
L
23895
8
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
10 Unchahar Uttar
Pradesh
1050
11 Talcher
Thermal
Orissa 460
12 Simhadri Andra
Pradesh
1000
13 Tanda Uttar
Pradesh
440
14 Badarpur Delhi 705
15 Sipat Chhattisga
rh
1000
TOTA
L
23895
8
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
EVOLUTION OF NTPC
9
1975
1997
2004
2005
2007
NTPC was set up with 100 of ownership
by govt of India
Navratna status
enhancing the powers t the board of
directors
Rechristened as NTPC
Limited in line to
become intehrated
power utility
A listed company with
govt ownership of
895 3rd largest market
capitlization
1st step towards strategic
diversification largest power
utility in India
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
NTPC VISION
rdquoA World Class Integrated
power major powering Indiarsquos
growth
with increasing global
presencerdquo
NTPC MISSION
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies andContribute to society
10
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
NTPC CORE VALUES
BUSINESS ETHICS
CUSTOMER FOCUS
ORGANISATIONAL amp PROFESSIONAL
PRIDE
MUTUAL RESPECT AND TRUST
INNOVATION AND SPEED
TOTAL QUALITY FOR EXCELLENCE
INTRODUCTION OF ndash NTPC SINGRAULI (SSTPS)
11
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
NTPC Singrauli the flagship station of NTPC is situated in Sonebhadra District of Uttar PradeshIt has five unit of 200 MW(Turbine LMZ design Boiler combustion Engineering Design) and two units of 500 MW (Turbine KWU design Boiler combustion Engineering design )Condenser cooling system of all the units is open system It takes water from Govind Ballabh Pant Reservoir and releases in the same reservoir after a distance of around 10 KM through open canal
NTPC Singrauli has its own MGR (Merry Go Round) system for transportation of coal from NCL Jayant mines Electricity generated from this plant goes to northern grid (UP Haryana Delhi Rajasthan Punjab JampK HP amp Uttarakhand) Start up power can be taken from Rihand hydle or fromNTPCVidhyachal (Western grid)Either whole ash generated was disposed in ash dyke in slurry from Now part of ash is being disposed in dry from for brick manufacturing and some part is provided to cement manufacturers
The first unit of the station was commissioned in 1982 and the last one in 1987Since than NTPC Singrauli is serving the nation day night
Being the flagship project NTPC Singrauli has a number of first to its credit and has played a key role in positioning NTPC as a ldquoBrandrdquo in the power sector of the country The humble and dedicated beginning made at Singrauli on 13th
February 1982 has yielded result and paved the way for many landmark achievements bringing the company to its present stature
12
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
Being the first project of NTPC all focus was on Shaktinager There was regular monthly PRT meeting at site strict monitoring of the progress at project and corporate level The Directors and CMD used to visit the project at regular intervals Singrauli has been and will remain important in the history of power sector in India It is therefore a matter of pride for all of us
As the Indian economy grows the demand for power will only magnify while states do play their own parts in increasing power generation the role of NTPC as a major source of quality power remains unassailed
SINGRAULI AT A GLANCE
Installed Capacity 2000 MW
Units Size Stage- I 5 x 200 MW
Stage-II 2 x 500 MW
Location Shaktinagar
sonebhadra
Uttar Pradesh
Pin- 231222
13
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
NTPC
Coal Sources Jayant Dudhichua Mines
Water Sources Rihand Reservoir
Beneficiary States Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan
Uttarakhand Haryana
JammuampKashmir Delhi
Punjab Chandighar and
Himanchal Pradesh
14
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
Honrsquoble Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh in February
2005 observed
ldquoNTPC is a great success story of our times
It is imbued with the spirit of ldquocan do itrdquo
My best wishes for the future growth of this
magnificent national enterpriserdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE VISION
15
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
ldquoA world class integrated
power major powering
Indiarsquos growth with
Increasing global presencerdquo
HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENTS
ED EB ER ES EDC
Rajbhasha
Group
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT (ED )
This department takes the HR initiatives of promotion
appraisals and other development aspects ED maintains
the Management Information System for the organization
16
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
EMPLOYEE BENEFITS GROUP (EB)
The Employee Benefits Groups take care of the welfare and
benefits like recruitment separation loans and advances
which the employees are eligible The Voluntary Retirement
Scheme is also dealt by EBG
EMPLOYEE RELATIONS GROUP (ER)
The ERG is in charge of the Industrial Relations Contract
Labor security ie CISF and GPAIS of NTPC Shaktinagar
EMPLOYEE SERVICE GROUP (ES)
The ESG deals with entitlements handling and other law
related matters
EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT CENTER (EDC)
The EDC conducts various workshops and Training
Programme to employees and other trainees EDC conducts
IGNOU exams for employees who are interested in doing
higher education with jobs
RAJBHSHA GROUP
As it is compulsory for all Government organization to keep
a Hindi so is in NTPC also for the same reason NTPC has
17
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
Rajbhasha Group This Group does the Hindi translation
conduct debates and other Hindi promotional activities
Workersrsquo Participation in Management
Workers participation in management is in essential ingredient of industrial democracy The concept of workers participation in management is based in ldquoHuman Relationsrdquo approach to management which brought about new set of values to labour and management
Traditionally the concept of Workersrsquo Participation in Management (WPM) refers to participation of non-managerial employees in the decision-making process of the organisation Workersrsquo participation in management meets the psychological needs of the workers to a greater extent That way it may also be treated as the process of delegation of authority in the general areas of managerial functions
According to one view workers participation is based on the fundamental concept that the ordinary worker invest his labour in and ties his fate to his place of work and therefore he has a legitimate right to have a share in influencing the various aspects of company policyrdquo
To quote the version of British Institute of Management ldquoWorkersrsquo participation in management is the practice in which employees take part in management decisions and it is based on the assumption of commonality of interest between employer and employee in furthering the long term prospects of the enterprise and those working in itrdquo
According to GS Walpole participation in management gives the workers a sense of importance price and
18
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
accomplishment it given him the freedom and the opportunity for self-expression a feeling of belonging to his place of work and a sense of workmanship and creativity It provides for the integration of his interest with those of the management and makes him a joint partner in the enterpriserdquo
Dr Alexander considers a management to be participative ldquoif it gives scope to the workers to influence its decision making process on any level or sphere or if it shares with them some if its managerial prerogativesrdquo
Clegg says ldquoIt implies a situation where workers representatives are to some extent involved in the process of management decision making but where the ultimate power is in the hands of the managementrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
According to Dr Davis ldquoit is a mental and emotional involvement of a person in a group situation which encourages him to contribute to goals and share responsibilities in themrdquo
In should be borne in mid that when individuals are provided with opportunities for expression and share in decision-making they show much initiative and accept responsibility substantially The rationale of workersrsquo participation in management lies in that it helps in creation amongst the workers a sense of involvement in their organisation a better understanding of their role in the smooth functioning of industry and provides them a means of self-realization thereby promoting efficiency and increased productivity
Thus the concept workersrsquo participation in management encompasses the following
19
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
It provides scope for employees in the decision making of the organisation
The participation may be at the shop level departmental level or at the top level
The participation includes the willingness to share the responsibility by works as they have a commitment to execute their decisions
The participation is conducted through the mechanism of forums which provide for association of workers representatives
The basic idea is to develop self control and self discipline among works so that the management become ldquoAuto Managementrdquo
Objectives
The scheme has economic psychological ethical and political objectives
Its psychological objective of the scheme is to secure full recognition of the workers Association of worker with management provides him with a sense of importance involvement and a feeling of belongingness He considers himself to be an indispensable constituent of the organisation
Socially the need for participation arises because modern industry is a social institution with the interest of employer the share-holders the community and the workers equally invested in it
The ethical objective of participation is to develop workers free personality and to recognize human dignity
The political objective of participation is to develop workers conscious of their democratic rights on their work place and thus bring about industrial democracy
20
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
Levels of Participation
Workersrsquo participation is possible at all levels of management the only difference is that of degree and nature of application For instance it may be vigorous at lower level and faint at top level Broadly speaking there is following five levels of participation
1 Information participation It ensures that employees are able to receive information and express their views pertaining to the matters of general economic importance
2 Consultative participation Here works are consulted on the matters of employee welfare such as work safety and health However final decision always rests at the option of management and employeesrsquo views are only of advisory nature
3 Associative participation It is extension of consultative participation as management here is under moral obligation to accept and implement the unanimous decisions of employees
4 Administrative participation It ensure greater share of works in discharge of managerial functions Here decision already taken by the management come to employees preferably with alternatives for administration and employees have to select the best from those for implementation
5 Decisive participation Highest level of participation where decisions are jointly taken on the matters relation to production welfare etc is called decisive participation
Forms of Workersrsquo Participation in Management
The forms of workers participation in management vary from industry to industry and country to country depending upon the political system pattern of management relations and subject or area of participation The forms of workers participation may be as follows
1 Joint Consultation Model
2 Joint Decision Model
3 Self Management or Auto Management Scheme
4 Workers Representation on Board
21
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
1 Joint consultation model In joint consultation model the management consults with the workers before taking decisions The workers represent their view through lsquoJoint consultative Committeesrsquo This form is followed in UK Sweden and Poland
2 Joint decision model In this form both the workers and management jointly decide and execute the decisions This form of participation is followed in USA and West Germany
3 Self management of auto management In this model the entire control is in the hands of workers Yugoslavia is an example to this model Where the state industrial units are run by the workers under a scheme called lsquoSelf Management or Auto Management Schemersquo
4 Workersrsquo representation on board Under this method the workers elect their representative and send them to the Board to participate in the decision making process
The participation of workers may be formal or informal In the formal participation it takes the forms of formal structures such as Works Committee Shop Councils Production Committee Safety Committee Joint Management Councils Canteen Committee etc The informal participation may be such as the supervisor consulting the workers for granting leave overtime and allotment of worked or transfer of workers from one department to another
Workersrsquo Participation in Management in India
Workers participation in management in India was given importance only after independence Industrial Disputes Act of 1947 was the first step in this direction which recommended for the setting up of Works Committees The Joint Management Councils were established in 1950 which increased the participation of labour in management The management scheme 1970 gave birth to lsquoBoard of Managementrsquo Since July 1975 the two-tire participation model called lsquoShop Councilrsquo at the shop level and lsquoJoint Councilsrsquo at the enterprise level were introduced
Based on the review and performance of previous schemes a new scheme was formulated in 1983 The new scheme of workers participation was applicable to all central public sector enterprises except those specifically exempted The scheme with equal number of representatives will operate both at shop as well as plant level The various functions of participative forum laid down in the scheme could be modified with the consent of parties The scheme could not
22
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
make such head way due to lack of union leaders consensus of the mode of representation and workersrsquo tendency to discuss ultra-vires issues eg pay scales wages etc
Prior to WPM Bill 1990 all the schemes of participation were non-statutory and concentrated on particular levels For effective and meaningful participation at all levels a bill was introduced in Parliament on 25th May 1990 The bill provide for effective participation at all level by formulating schemes of participation For electing representatives for participation it also provides for secret ballot The appropriate government may also appoint inspectors to review participation schemes and the bill also has provision of punishment for those who contravene any of the provision of the Act
Thus the workersrsquo participation schemes in India provide wide scope for application and upliftment of workers But in practice these schemes have not met with success though they are successful in some private sector units The factors responsible for the failure are
Attitude of the management towards the scheme is not encouraging The preventatives of workers are not given due recognition by the management
The attitude of trade unions towards the schemes is negative as they consider these schemes are reducing the power of Trade Unions Some Trade Unions boycott Joint Management Council meetings
The success these schemes require certain conditions
Management should appreciate the scheme and accept them in full faith
Trade unions have to cooperate with the schemes
Workers have to be educated
Thus workersrsquo participation in management in India has yet to succeed It can be done by educating the workers creating an environment in the organisatoin for coordination of workers and management
Review Questions
1 What do you understand by the concept of workersrsquo participation in management What are its objectives
23
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
2 What are the different forms of workersrsquo participation in management
3 Discuss the concept of workersrsquo participation in management in the Indian context
PARTICIPARTIVE FORUMThey are platform where representatives management as well as workers sit together to discuss their issues related to the working conditions safety management quality management reduction of wastage and brainstorming for better and innovative ways of doing the same
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
reduction of cost elimination of waste safety house-keeping and
physical working conditions etc but also in the areas of day-to-day
concern of the employees away from their workplace such as in the
areas of recreation and cultural activities horticulture environment
etc
20 PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
21 With the above broad objective of giving a sense of oneness
with the organization and the feeling of involvement to make
47
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
employees feel about the various measures in hand for
improving their working and living conditions to make use of
the valuable suggestions put forth by the employees for the
benefit of the organization and the personnel working in it it is
desirable to have various institutionalized forums
22 During the construction stage when even the first unit has not
been commissioned keeping in view the employee strength
and other relevant factors the following committees may be
constituted to start with
221 Safety Committee
222 Township Advisory Committee
23 During the phase when both generation and construction
activities are going on simultaneously as well as after
completion of construction activities the participative forums
would be as follows
231 Safety Committee
232 Township Advisory Committee
233 Joint PlantProject Level Council
234 ShopDepartmental Level Council
235 Canteen Management Committee
236 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
237 Sports Council
238 House Allotment Committee
48
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
30 SAFETY COMMITTEE
31 Objective
The objective of the Safety Committee would be to create
safety consciousness among employees and suggest ways and
measure to the management for creating safe working
conditions and a safe working culture
32 Constitution
The constitution of the Safety Committee would be as follows
321 Dy General Manager ndash Chairman
322 ManagerDy Manager from ErectionOperation
323 Safety Officer ndash Secretary
324 Officer(HR-Welfare)
325 One Executive from Civil Construction Department
326 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Mechanical Erection
327 Senior-most employee in the Supervisory category from
Electrical Erection
328 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Mechanical Erection
329 Senior-most employee in the Workman category from
Electrical Erection
33 Meetings
The Committee will meet once in three months or at such
frequent intervals as felt necessary The Safety Officer who
would work as the Member Secretary will do necessary follow-up
49
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
for the implementation of conclusions reached at in these meetings
40 TOWNSHIP ADVISORY COMMITTEE
41 Objective
The objective of the Township Advisory Committee would be to
advise the management in the administration of matters
relating to municipal affairs and township maintenance and to
make suggestions for the provision of township facilities
horticulture and environment etc
51 Constitution
The constitution of the SLC would be as follows
1 Head of Department ndash Chairman
2 An Executive from the HR Department ndash Secretary
3 The number of representatives of employees and the
Management would be equal and would vary between 8
and 12 depending on the employee strength
The Management representatives would be
recommended by the Heads of Department and
approved by the Head of Project They would consist of
representatives from the Supervisory category whose
number would be 1 or 2 depending on whether the total
number of Management representatives is 4 or 6
Workers representatives would be elected by secret
ballot
The members once nominated or elected would hold
position for one year Any vacancies arising during the
term would be filled in the same manner as mentioned
earlier but only for the remaining period of the term
52 Terms of Reference
50
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
1 Assist Management in achieving monthlyyearly
generationconstruction targets
2 Improvement of production productivity and efficiency
including elimination of wastage and optimum utilization
of machine capacity and manpower
3 Specifically identify areas of low productivity and take
necessary corrective steps at shop level to eliminate
relevant contributing factors
4 To study absenteeism in the shopsdepartment and
recommend steps to reduce them
5 Safety measures
6 Assist in maintaining general discipline in the
shopdepartment
7 Physical working conditions such as lighting ventilation
noise dust etc and reduction of fatigue
8 Welfare and health measure to be adopted for efficient
running of the shopdepartment and
9 Ensure proper flow of adequate two-way communication
between the management and the workers particularly
on matters relating to production figures production
schedules and progress in achieving targets
53 Meetings
The Council will meet once in a month or at such frequent
intervals as felt necessary The Secretary of the Council will
prepare the minutes of the discussions and will follow-up the
implementation of the conclusions
60 OTHER PARTICIPATIVE FORUMS
A number of other participative forums would be set up to deal with
specific areas as mentioned below and would comprise of equal number
of employee and management representatives
51
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
61 Canteen Management Committee
Day-to-day issues of Plant canteen management
62 Employeesrsquo Welfare Committee
Organising welfare recreational and cultural activities
63 Sports Council
Promoting sports consciousness
64 House Allotment Committee
Allotment of house to entitled employees
70 REFERENCES
71 Approval of Policy paper on Participative Forums by the
Management Committee in their meetings held on 30041985 amp
01051980
72 CPC No 5580 dated 19061980
73 Decision taken in the 9th meeting of the Heads of Personnel
held on 2nd amp 3rd October 1981 and circulation of ldquoPolicy Documents
on Welfare Facilities for NTPC employeesrdquo
74 Decision taken in the meeting of GMs and PMs in April-
1982 and the ldquoScheme of Workersrsquo Participation in Managementrdquo as
set out in the annexure to the minutes of the said meeting
75 Scheme of Employeesrsquo Participation in Management
circulated vide Corporate Personnel Division endorsement No
01Pers29(3) dated 21081984
52
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
for the provision of township facilities horticulture and
environment etc
METHODOLOGY
The procedure using which researchers go about their work of describing explaining and predicting phenomena is called Methodology Methods compromise the procedures used for generating collecting and evaluating data Methods are the ways of obtaining information useful for assessing explanation
DATA COLLECTION
After completion of Questionnaire the researcher edited the data collected For further processing the data have been entered in table with the help of master table other calculations were carried out with the help of scientific calculator
NATURE OF DATA
53
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant
Q10 I feel that the issues raised up are impartially discussed and accepted by the management
A Strongly Disagree [ 03 ]
B Agree [ 15 ]
C Strongly Agree [ 30 ]
D Disagree [ 00 ]
E Somewhat Agree [ 12 ]
68
3 15
30
12
Ans (10)
strongly disagree
Agree
strongly agree
Disagree
somewhat agree
CONCLUSIONS
By the survey I can conclude that
A) Most of the respondent are stoongly agree that Participative
management meeting is conducted timely at NTPC
B) Most of the respondent are somewhat agree that Participative
forum foster a healthy relationship among the employee and the
management
69
C) Some of the respondent are disagree amp most of them are strongly
agree that it secures mutual co-operation of employees amp
employers
D) Almost all of the respondent are fully agree that it helps in greater
efficiency amp productivity in the interest of the enterprise but
most of them partly disagree
E) Most of the respondent are fully agree that it improves the healthy
relationship among employees ampemployers amp some are partly
agree
F) Most of the workers wants that some serious and productive
question should be raised rather than small and unproductive one
Few of them do not actively participate in the working
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOKS
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PCTripathi
Psubhrao
PARTICIPARIVE MANAGEMENT
GVernadani
HUMAN RESOURCE amp PARSSONAL MAMAGEMENT
KAswanthappa
71
MAGZINES
Vidyut Bharti by ndash Central Authority Quarterly journal
Ntpc Horizon by NTPC Quarterly
Shakti Sandesh Monthly
Vidut Swar Quarterly
NTPC News Monthly Vol I II
WEBSITES
Intranet NTPC
Googlecom
hrmediacom
ntpccom
Singraulicom
72
73
74
ldquo Develop and provide
Reliable power related
Products and services at
Competitive prices
Integrating multiple energy
Sources with innovative
And eco-friendly
Technologies and
The quality of data can be expressed in the terms of its representative features of the reality which can be ensured by the usage of fitting data collected method
PRIMARY DATA
The primary data are collected from the Contract Workers of NTPC (Shaktinagar) The major tool that has been used for collecting data in this study is an Questionnaire method
SECONDARY DATA
Company profiles websites magazines articles were used widely as a support to primary data The secondary data has been collected from various records files amp registers from the factory and journals pamphlets internet etchellip
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA
1 Journals
2 Books
3 Magazine
RESEARCH DESIGN - To know about the present condition or
status regarding particular item or group of item description
research is conducted The descriptive research is descriptive of
54
the state of affair as it exists at present Such a result e was
required in analytical form The survey was conducted using
questionnaire method By using this method we found the
present situation the finding and its analysis is described in the
further parts
SAMPLE SIZE - Sample size refers to the number of the person
to be selected from the universe for conducting a survey I have
selected the sample size of sixty
SELECTION OF STUDY AREA - the SURVEY has been carried
out in NTPC SINGRAULI (SHAKTINAGAR)
SAMPLE TECHNIQUE - As the universe is quit large so a
relatively small group of individual is selected for representing
the whole universe
55
56
STUDY ON EFFECTIVENESS OF PARTICIPATIVE FORUMName DateDepartment Please tick the relevant