Biotechnology R&D in India

Biotechnology R&D in India Biotechnology R&D in India

Dr. Renu Swarup, AdviserDepartment of Biotechnology

Ministry of Science & TechnologyGovernment of India

28 February, 201328 February, 2013

What is Biotechnology?What is Biotechnology?

Biotechnology is ….

“Any technique that uses living organisms, or substances from those organisms, to make or modify a product to improve plants or animals, or to develop microorganisms for specific uses”.

India’s Research Scenario India’s Research Scenario

• Population 1.2 billion

• No. of researchers - 0.15 million ( 140 per million)

• No. of universities - 457

• No. of publications – 65,000 per year ( 3.1% share)

• About 1% of GDP is spent on R&D

• World share of output over 2006-2010 – 3.3%

• Citation impact 2006-2010 – 0.68

• Narrowing gap between India and established economics

3

India – Major S&T AgenciesIndia – Major S&T Agencies Ministry of Science and Technology

Department of Biotechnology (DBT) Department of Science and Technology (DST) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)

Ministry of Earth Sciences Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) Department of Space (DoS) Ministry of New & Renewable Energy Ministry of Health & Family Welfare

Department of Health & Family Welfare Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)

Ministry of Agriculture Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)

Ministry of Environment and Forests

Department of BiotechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology

1982 : National Biotechnology Board (NBTB)

1986 : Department of Biotechnology (DBT)

2012 : Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC)

“Attaining new heights in biotechnology research, shaping biotechnology into a premier precision tool of the future for creation of wealth and ensuring social justice – specially for the welfare of the poor”.

VISION

Budget allocation for S&T agenciesBudget allocation for S&T agencies

8

Directions of Growth

BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR THE BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR THE NEW MILLENIUM A FEW NEW MILLENIUM A FEW

GLIMPSESGLIMPSES

BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR THE BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR THE NEW MILLENIUM A FEW NEW MILLENIUM A FEW

GLIMPSESGLIMPSES

Micropropagation

Micropropagation

Plant Genome Research

Plant Genome Research

Crop Biotechnology

and Transgenics

Crop Biotechnology

and Transgenics NeurosciencesNeurosciences Immunology Immunology Cell ScienceCell Science

Diagnostics Molecular probes

Diagnostics Molecular probes

Gene therapy and functional genomics

Gene therapy and functional genomics

Special Societal

Programmes

Special Societal

Programmes

Human Resource

Development

Human Resource

DevelopmentBioinformaticsBioinformaticsAquaculture and Marine ResourceAquaculture and Marine Resource

Biodiversity Inventorisation,

Characterisation, Conservation

Biodiversity Inventorisation,

Characterisation, Conservation

Patenting in Biotechnology and

Biosafety

Patenting in Biotechnology and

Biosafety

Prospecting of Genes and Molecules

Prospecting of Genes and Molecules

Environmental Pollution

abatemant

Environmental Pollution

abatemant

Animal Biotechnology

Animal Biotechnology

New Generation Vaccines

New Generation Vaccines

Bioproduct Development Down Stream Processing

Bioproduct Development Down Stream Processing

11

Biotechnology pervades multiple facets of lifeAgriculture

Transgenics crops, designer breeding, plants as biofactories, biopesticides, biofertilizers, diagnostics

Human health Biodrugs, vaccines, diagnostics, biomarkers, cell & tissue

engineering products, artificial organs, nano based drug delivery systems, biobased implants and devices

Animal Transgenics, vaccines, diagnostics, feed, biofactoriesBioresources

Bioactives and drugs, biological processes, microbial prospecting Environment

Bioremediation, pollution abatement, biofuelsIndustrial /Manufacturing Enzymes, biomass based bioproducts, disposable GMP biofactories,

plant based bioactives bionutraceuticals, biosensors, bioequipment and enabling technology platforms

12

Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field Integrated development is essential

• Biological and material science• Physical Science• Chemical Science• Engineering – bioengineering,

electronics• Medicine• Agronomics• Aquaculture• Animal Science• Energy Bioscience• Environment Science• Bioresource• Nano Science• Forestry

Investment and Finance

Management

Law

DBT Technology Focus

Vaccines and Diagnostics -Human , Animal Stem Cells Implants and devices Transgenics and marker assisted breeding Animal vaccines, feed and breeding Bioresources utilization (drugs, antivirals others) Food and nutrition technology Bio-pesticides and bio-fertilizers Novel and green manufacturing /technologies

Genomics based strategy is now required for drought, salinity, heat ….

Strategic basic research Discover genes, genomic regions and their function

Designer breeding Transgenics Molecular assisted breeding

New Models of R&D Major capacity building in genomics and designer

breeding

Rice Tomato

Genome Initiative: India Moves Ahead !

Sugarcane

Chickpea

Wheat

Coffee

Chromosome 11 Chromosome 5

Complete Bacterial Genome

Silk worm

National Programme on Energy BiosciencesNational Programme on Energy Biosciences

More than 53 research institutes, universities and industries involved

Bioethanol

Algal Biofuel

Biodiesel

Energy Energy Bioscience Bioscience

CentreCentre

Capacity Building

• Re-engineered feed stock

• Re-engineered microorganisms

• Process optimization • Collection and characterization

• Establishment of repositories

• Development of production system

• Quality planting material

• Improved feed stock

• Process optimization • Biohydrogen

• Biobutanol

• Synthetic biology

• Energy Bioscience Chairs

• Energy Bioscience Overseas Fellowships

Next generation Biofuels

Screening for Bio-Molecules from Microbial Diversity from Different Ecological Niches

NIOMarine isolates

NIOMarine isolates

IGIBRiver

Sediments

IGIBRiver

Sediments

ILSExtremophi

les from Orissa,

Bihar and West

Bengal

ILSExtremophi

les from Orissa,

Bihar and West

Bengal

NCCSWestern

Ghats, Insect guts

NCCSWestern

Ghats, Insect guts

NEERINEERIEffluent Treatment Effluent Treatment

plants /contaminated plants /contaminated sitessites

NEERINEERIEffluent Treatment Effluent Treatment

plants /contaminated plants /contaminated sitessites GNDUGNDU

Wet land Wet land ecosystems of ecosystems of

North West IndiaNorth West India

GNDUGNDUWet land Wet land

ecosystems of ecosystems of North West IndiaNorth West India

MSSRFMSSRFEastern Ghats, Eastern Ghats, and Mangroves and Mangroves

AreaArea

MSSRFMSSRFEastern Ghats, Eastern Ghats, and Mangroves and Mangroves

AreaArea

IBSDIBSDNorth East North East

areaarea

IBSDIBSDNorth East North East

areaarea

7000 isolates7000 isolates/month/month

Univ DelhiHot Springs of Himachal

Pradesh

Univ DelhiHot Springs of Himachal

Pradesh

Country’s largest Microbial Culture Collection Country’s largest Microbial Culture Collection Centre Set Up at NCCS, PuneCentre Set Up at NCCS, Pune

Recognized as International Depositary Authority (IDA) w.e.f. 9th April 2011

• Has a capacity to hold more than 2,00,000 bacteria and fungi

• Presently holding 100,000 culture

Oil Zapper

• Bacterial consortium (5 strains) - ‘Oilzapper’ for remediation of oily sludge and crude oil spills developed by TERI, New Delhi and demonstrated at a number of refineries

• Technology transferred to Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd, Mumbai and Sriram Biotech Ltd.; used in Kuwait and Oman on contract basis

Environmental Biotechnology

Stem Cell Research - StrategyStem Cell Research - Strategy

Basic Stem Cell

Research

Stem Cell

Bank

Stem Cell Therapy Productio

n Unit

Stem Cell

Clinical Trials

Licensed Product

Manufacture

Vaccine Grand ChallengeVaccine Grand ChallengeVaccines in Trials or Transferred to IndustryVaccines in Trials or Transferred to Industry

Rotaviral Diarrhoea Japanese Encephalitis Rabies Dengue Typhoid Malaria Leprosy Anthrax Cholera Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis

India A Vaccine Manufacturing Hub

National Biodesign Alliance: partnering institutions

An effective and consistent way to deliver chest compressions to sudden cardiac arrest victims

A better way to gain intra-osseous access in emergency patients.

Non-invasive, rapid and definitive way of airway management.

Esophagus Entry

Trachea Entry

Stanford-India Biodesign ProgrammeCreating Entrepreneurs

New InstitutionsNew Institutions National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani

Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana

National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabd

Translational Health Sciences and Technology Institute, Faridabad

National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute and Bioprocessing Unit, Mohali, Punjab

Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerated Medicine, Bangalore

Institute of Bioinformatics & Computational Biology

Institute of Marine & Microbial Biotechnology

Biotechnology Regulatory Authority of India (BRAI)

Institute of Biodesign, Bioscience & Bioengineering (includes Medical Centre)

Institute of Chronic Disease Science & Biotechnology

Infectious Science & Biotechnology Institute in North East (linking to THSTI as partner for training & Education)

Automated high-throughput DNA sequencing facilities

Phytotron Facility

National Containment - cum - Quarantine Facility for transgenic

planting material

National Plant Gene Repository

Technology Platform for Translational Research on Transgenic Crops

International Depository authority for patent deposits of

microorganisms

Access to European Synchtron Research Facility, Grenoble

Primate Research Platform

Microbial Respository

National Certification system for Tissue culture raised Plants

Core Immunological Laboratory for vaccine immune responses

Biomolecular characterisation centre

Research Facilities ,Resources,and Services

Bioinformatics Network

Total number of Centres - 168 Centre of Excellences (CoEs) - 5 Distributed Information Centres (DICs)- 11 Distributed Information Sub Centres- 50 Bioinformatics Infra. Facility - 101 Apex BTIC - 1 Graphics Facility - 6 MSc/M.Tech/Diploma - 5 R&D Projects - 97

Developing the Human ResourceDeveloping the Human Resource

The Department of Biotechnology is implementing an integrated programme of human resource development in biotechnology comprising of postgraduate teaching programmes in biotechnology to create a pool of talented students and upgrading skills of mid career scientists and faculty by specialized training in leading national laboratories and overseas laboratories .

• Postgraduate M.Sc./ M. Tech teaching programme

• Details of ongoing teaching programmes

• PG diplomas (Post M.Sc. /M.D./MS/ M.Tech)

• Biotech industrial training programme

• Training programmes

• Star college scheme for strengthening of life science and biotechnology education and training at undergraduate level

Career Development Opportunities Career Development Opportunities

• Rapid Grant for Young Investigators (RGYI)

• FAST TRACK Scheme for Young Scientists

• National Bioscience Awards for Career Development

• Innovative Young Biotechnologist Award (IYBA)

• Biotechnology Career Advancement and Re-orientation (Bio-care) Programme / Awards for Women Scientists

• Women Scientists Scheme (WOS-A)

• Tata Innovation Fellowship

• Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE)

29

Re-entry Fellowship / Grant SchemesRe-entry Fellowship / Grant Schemes

• Ramanujan Fellowship

• Ramalingaswamy Fellowship

• Energy Bioscience Fellowship

• Wellcome Trust Fellowship

30

Indo-Swiss

Stanford Biodesign

Indo-UK

Indo-US

Collaboration with IAVI, GATES

Foundation, MVI, PATH,

WellcomeTrust

International partnerships HST,31

Indo-Australia

Indo-Canada

Indo-Denmark

Indo-EU

Indo-Finland

Indo-German

Indo-Japan

Indo-Norway

New Global Partnerships

InnovationInnovation

DiscoveryDiscovery

EnterpriseEnterprise

Department of Biotechnology How it has evolved

30% budget to be spent on PPP30% budget to be spent on PPP

BIRAC to Nurture Industry R&DBIRAC to Nurture Industry R&D

Drivers of Innovation

• Real Public R&D expenditure

• R&D personnel per million persons

• Education share of GDP

• IP protection

• Cluster specific environment

• R&D funded by industry

• R&D performed by universities

• Global / National Model

34

India is in 12th rank in the world in biotechnology and 3rd largest in Asia-Pacific after Japan and Korea.

The Sector employees approximately 20,000 scientists and over 352 companies drive it towards further growth.

Science ClustersStrength of Synergy

Teaching, discovery, creativity, innovation as a federation

Faridabad

Mohali

Bangalore

Institutional RedesignMechanisms to make industry –academia interaction happen

Concept and design centers

Technologies licensing and management

Incubation

Ignition, pre competitive grants

38

About BIRACAbout BIRAC

A ‘Not for Profit Company’ set up by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India as an

Interface Agency to strengthen and empower the emerging Biotech enterprise to undertake strategic

research and innovation, addressing nationally relevant product development needs.

BIRAC StrategiesBIRAC Strategies

How does BIRAC accomplish its Mission How does BIRAC accomplish its Mission

Public-Private

Partnership

Funding Options

Biotechnology Industry Partnership

Programme (BIPP)

Technopreneur Promotion

Program (TePP)

Biotechnology Ignition Grant

(BIG)

Pharmaceutical Research &

Development Support Fund

(PRDSF)

Small Business Innovation Research

Initiative (SBIRI)

To promote innovation, high risk research To promote innovation, high risk research product development and commercializationproduct development and commercialization

Contract Research/Service Scheme (CRS)

The Vision and Opportunity for Indian Biotechnology :

An $100 billion dollar industry by 2025.

Science, Technology and Innovation Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2013Policy 2013

The guiding vision of aspiring Indian STI enterprise is to accelerate the pace of

discovery and delivery of science-led solutions for faster, sustainable and inclusive growth.

BRAI

Regulation

DBT

Science

People

Infrastructure

Legislations

BIRAC

Innovation

Entrepreneurship

Public -Private -Partnership

A Biotechnology Enterprise of future A Biotechnology Enterprise of future