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Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
Volumes already published Volume 1: Trees I (1986) Volume 2: Crops I (1986) Volume 3: Potato (1987) Volume 4: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants I (1988) Volume 5: Trees II (1989) Volume 6: Crops II (1988) Volume 7: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants II (1989) Volume 8: Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering I (1989) Volume 9: Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering II (1989) Volume 10: Legumes and Oilseed Crops I (1990) Volume 11: Somaclonal Variation in Crop Improvement I (1990) Volume 12: Haploids in Crop Improvement I (1990) Volume 13: Wheat (1990) Volume 14: Rice (1991) Volume 15: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants III (1991) Volume 16: Trees III (1991) Volume 17: High-Tech and Micropropagation I (1991) Volume 18: High-Tech and Micropropagation II (1992) Volume 19: High-Tech and Micropropagation III (1992) Volume 20: High-Tech and micropropagation IV (1992) Volume 21: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants IV (1993) Volume 22: Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering III (1993) Volume 23: Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering IV (1993) Volume 24: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants V (1993) Volume 25: Maize (1994) Volume 26: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants VI (1994) Volume 27: Somatic Hybridization in Crop Improvement I (1994) Volume 28: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants VII (1994) Volume 29: Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering V (1994) Volume 30: Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed I (1995) Volume 31: Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed II (1995) Volume 32: Cryopreservation of Plant Germplasm I (1995) Volume 33: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants VIII (1995) Volume 34: Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering VI (1995) Volume 35: Trees IV (1996) Volume 36: Somaclonal Variation in Crop Improvement II (1996) Volume 37: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants IX (1996) Volume 38: Plant Protoplasts and Genetic Engineering VII (1996) Volume 39: High-Tech and Micropropagation V (1997) Volume 40: High-Tech and Micropropagation VI (1997) Volume 41: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants X (1998) Volume 42: Cotton (1998) Volume 43: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants XI (1999) Volume 44: Transgenic Trees (1999) Volume 45: Transgenic Medicinal Plants (1999) Volume 46: Transgenic Crops I (1999) Volume 47: Transgenic Crops II (2001) Volume 48: Transgenic Crops III (2001)
Volumes in preparation Volume 49: Somatic Hybridization in Crop Improvement II (2001) Volume 50: Cryopreservation of Plant Germplasm II Volume 51: Medicinal and Aromatic Plants XII
Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry 47
Transgenic Crops II
Edited by Y.P.S. Bajaj
With 96 Figures, 5 in Color, and 71 Tables
01 Springer
Professor Dr. Y.P.S. BAJAJJ New Delhi, India
ISSN 0934-943-X ISBN 978-3-642-63130-6
Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme
Transgenic crops / ed. by Y. P. S. Bajaj. - Berlin; Heidelberg; New York; Barcelona; Hong Kong; London; Milan; Paris; Singapore; Tokyo: Springer 2. - (2001) (Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry; 47) ISBN 978-3-642-63130-6 ISBN 978-3-642-56901-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-56901-2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for.
This work is subject to copyright. A l l rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9,1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2001 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2001 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2001 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exampt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
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Dedicated to my dear and kind friends Bal Krishan Ghai and Sun ita Ghai of Sun Valley, California, whose pleasant
company brought me a lot of happiness and comfort.
Preface
Over the last decade there has been tremendous progress in the genetic transformation of plants, which has now become an established tool for the insertion of specific genes. Work has been conducted on more than 200 plant species of trees, cereals, legumes and oilseed crops, fruits and vegetables, medicinal, aromatic and ornamental plants etc. Transgenic plants have been field-tested in a number of countries, and some released to the farmers, and patented.
Taking in above-mentioned points into consideration, it appeared necessary to review the literature and state of the art on genetic transformation of plants. Thus 120 chapters contributed by experts from 31 countries (USA, Russia, Canada, France, Germany, England, The Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Denmark, Poland, Finland,Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, China, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Indonesia, India, Israel, Mexico, Brazil, Moroco, Senegal, Cuba, etc.) have been complied in a series composed of the following five books:
1. Transgenic Trees comprises 22 chapters on forest, fruit, and ornamental species such as Allocasuarina verticillata, Casuarina glauca, Cerasus vulgaris, Citrus spp., Coffea species, Diospyros kaki, Eucalyptus spp., Fagara zanthoxyloides, Larix spp., Lawsonia inermis, Malus x domestica, Picea mariana, Pinus palustris, Pinus radiata, Poncirus trifoliata, Populus spp., Prunus species, Rhododendron, Robinia pseudoacacia, Solanum mauritianum, Taxus spp., and Verticordia grandis.
2. Transgenic Medicinal Plants comprises 26 chapters on Ajuga rep tans, Anthemis nobilis, Astragalus species, Atropa belladonna, Catharanthus roseus, Datura species, Duboisia species, Fagopyrum species, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Lobelia species, Papaver somniferum, Panax ginseng, Peganum harmala, Perezia species, Pimpinella anisum, Phyllanthus niruri, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Scoporia dulcis, Scutellaria baicalensis, Serratula tinctoria, Solanum aculeatissimum, S. commersonii, Swainsona galegifolia, tobacco, and Vinca minor.
3. Transgenic Crops I comprises 25 chapters divided into 2 sections: Section I. Cereals and grasses, such as wheat, rice, maize, barley,
sorghum, pearl millet, triticale, Agrostis, Cenchrus, Dactylis, Festuca, Lolium, and sugarcane.
Section II. Legumes and Oilseed Crops. Arachis hypogaea, Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, Cicer arietinum, Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum,
VIII Preface
Helianthus annuus, Lens culinaris, Linum usitatissimum, Sinapis alba, Trifolium repens, and Vicia narbonensis.
4. Transgenic Crops II comprises 21 chapters on fruits and vegetables, such as banana, beetroot, grapes, strawberry, kiwi, watermelon, cucumber, tomato, asparagus, carrot, cabbage, kale, turnip, rutabaga, broccoli, sweet pea, common bean, Luffa, Amaranthus, horseradish, sugarbeet, chicory, cassava, sweet potato, and potato.
5. Transgenic Crops III comprises 26 chapters arranged in 2 sections: Section 1. Ornamental, Aromatic and Medicinal Plants. Anthurium,
Antirrhinum, Artemisia absinthium, Begonia, Campanula, Carnation, Chrysanthemum, Dendrobium, Eustoma, Gentiana, Gerbera, Gladiolus, Hyoscyamus muticus, Hyssopus officinalis, Ipomoea, Leontopodium alpinum, Nierembergia, Phalaenopsis, Rudbeckia, Tagetes and Torenia.
Section II. Miscellaneous Plants. Craterostigma plantagineum, Flaveria spp., Moricandia arvensis, Solanum brevidens, and freshwater wetland monocots.
These books will be of special interest to advanced students, teachers, and research workers in the field of molecular biology, genetic manipulation, tissue culture, and plant biotechnology in general.
New Delhi, April 1999 Professor Dr. Y.P.S. BAJAJ
Series Editor
Contents
1 Transgenic Kiwi Fruit (Actinidia deliciosa) M. Y AZAWA, T. MATSUYAMA, and T. AKIHAMA (With 5 Figures)
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Genetic Transformation ...................................... 1 3 Methodology ................................................ 2 4 Results and Discussion ....................................... 4 5 Summary and Conclusions .................................... 10 References .................................................... 11
2 Transgenic Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) A.E. JOFRE-GARFIAS, 1.L. CABRERA-PONCE, R.M. ADAME-ALVAREZ, L. HERRERA-EsTRELLA, and 1. SIMPSON (With 4 Figures)
1 Introduction ................................................ 13 2 Methodology ................................................ 14 3 Results and Discussion ....................................... 18 References .................................................... 23
3 Transgenic Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) Y. MANO (With 6 Figures)
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 2 Genetic Transformation of Horseradish ......................... 26 3 High Potency of Regeneration in Transgenic Horseradish Plants . . . 30 4 Protocols ................................................... 35 5 Summary and Conclusions .................................... 36 References .................................................... 37
4 Transgenic Asparagus (Asparagus ojficinaiis L.) B. DELBREIL, A. LIMANTON-GREVET, and M. JULLIEN (With 7 Figures)
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 2 Transformation .............................................. 41 3 Summary and Conclusion ..................................... 51 References .................................................... 52
x
5 Transgenic Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) Mo KINO-OKA, So TONE (With 9 Figures)
Contents
1 Introduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 55 2 Genetic Transformation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56 3 Summary and Conclusions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 66
6 Transgenic Broccoli (Brassica oleracea Var. italica) and Cabbage (Var. capitata)
T.D. METZ (With 4 Figures)
1 Introduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 69 2 Genetic Transformation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70 3 Summary and Conclusions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 83 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 84
7 Transgenic Vegetable and Forage Brassica Species: Rape, Kale, Turnip and Rutabaga (Swede)
Moe. CHRISTEY and R.Ho BRAUN (With 4 Figures)
1 Introduction 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 87 2 Genetic Transformation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 88 3 Conclusion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 99
8 Transgenic Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Mo ABID, Bo Huss, and So RAMBOUR (With 5 Figures)
1 Introduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 102 2 Genetic Transformation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 0 103 3 Results 000000000000000000000000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 108 4 Discussion 00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 116 5 Greenhouse Performance/Present Status of Transgenic Plants 0 0 0 0 0 120 6 Summary and Conclusion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 120 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 121
9 Transgenic Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) IR. LIU, P.So CHOI, and Y.So KIM (With 5 Figures)
1 Introduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 124 2 Genetic Transformation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 125 3 Results and Discussion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 127 4 Present Status/Field Performance of Transgenic Watermelon 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 5 Summary and Conclusion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 130 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 131
Contents
10 Transgenic Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) P.P. CHEE (With 7 Figures)
XI
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 2 Gene Transfer Method Via Agrobacterium tumefaciens ........... 134 3 Gene Transfer via Microprojectile Bombardment ................ 139 4 Present Status of Transgenic Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 5 Concluding Remarks ......................................... 145 References .................................................... 145
11 Transgenic Carrot (Daucus carota L.) D.R. GALLIE (With 5 Figures)
1 Introduction ................................................ 147 2 Direct Gene Transfer in Carrot ................................ 148 3 Stable Transformation of Carrot ............................... 153 References .................................................... 156
12 Transgenic Strawberry (Fragaria Species) H. MATHEWS and R.K. BESTWICK (With 6 Figures)
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 2 Genetic Transformation ....................................... 161 3 Results and Discussion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 4 Summary and Conclusion ..................................... 177 References .................................................... 178
13 Transgenic Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam.) M. OTANI and T. SHIMADA (With 8 Figures)
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 2 Transformation Protocol ...................................... 185 3 Results ..................................................... 188 4 Discussion .................................................. 200 5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 References .................................................... 203
14 Genetic Transformation in Luffa (L. cylindrica L. Roem) L. SPANO (With 1 Figure)
1 General Account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 2 Hairy Root Transformation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 3 Summary and Conclusions .................................... 210 References .................................................... 211
XII
15 Tr~nsgenic Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) R. BARG, S. SHABTAI, and Y. SATTS (With 2 Figures)
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................. 212 2 Genetic Transformation in Tomato ............................. 213 3 Methodology ................................................ 220 4 Results and Discussion ....................................... 224 5 Summary ................................................... 227 References .................................................... 229
16 Transgenic Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) C. SCHOPKE, N.I TAYLOR, R. CARCAMO, A.E. GONZALEZ, u.v. MASONA and C.M. F AUQUET (With 2 Figures)
1 Introduction ................................................. 234 2 Cassava Regeneration Systems ................................ 235 3 Transformation .............................................. 237 4 Cassava Transformation with Genes of Agronomic
and Economic Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 5 Summary and Conclusions .................................... 249 References .................................................... 250
17 Transgenic Banana (Musa Species) L. SAGI, S. REMY, IB. PEREZ HERNANDEZ, B.P.A. CAMMUE, and R. SWENNEN (With 3 Figures)
1 Introduction ................................................. 255 2 Genetic Transformation ....................................... 256 3 Applications and Prospects ................................... 264 4 Present Status ............................................... 265 5 Summary and Conclusion ..................................... 266 References .................................................... 266
18 Transgenic Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) F.IL. ARAGAO and E.L. RECH (With 3 Figures)
1 Introduction ................................................. 269 2 Genetic Transformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270 3 Methodology ................................................ 275 4 Results and Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 5 Present Status of Transgenic Bean Plants ....................... 279 6 Concluding Remarks ......................................... 280 References .................................................... 281
Contents
19 Genetic Transformation of Pea (Pisum sativum) NoV. MALYSHEVA, ZoBo PAVLOVA, NoSo CHERNYSH, L.v. KRAVCHENKO, Y.No KISLIN, V. CHMELEV, and L.A. LUTOVA (With 2 Figures)
XIII
1 Introduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 284 2 Pea Regeneration and Genetic Transformation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 285 3 Materials and Methods 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 291 4 Results and Discussion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 295 5 Summary and Conclusion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 301
20 Transgenic Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) D.R. ROCKHOLD, MoMo MACCREE, and w.R. BELKNAP (With 5 Figures)
1 Introduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 305 2 Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Potato 0000000000000 306 3 Applying the Methodology 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 309 4 Current Results 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0 0 0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0000 0 0 0 0000 0 0 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 318 5 Summary 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 320 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 321
21 Transgenic Grapes (Vitis Species) L. MARTINELLI and G. MANDOLINO (With 3 Figures)
1 Introduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 325 2 Genetic Transformation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 326 3 Results and Discussion 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 331 4 Present Status and Field Performance of Transgenic Grapes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 334 5 Summary and Conclusions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 334 References 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 335
Subject Iudex 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 339
List of Contributors
ABID, M., Laboratoire d' Amelioration et de Production Vegetales, Faculte des Sciences, Universite Mohammed 1 er, Oujda, Morocco
ADAME-ALVAREZ, RM., Department of Plant Genetic Engineering, Cinvestav-Irapuato. Apdo. Postal 629, 36500 Irapuato, Gto. Mexico
AKIHAMA, T., Faculty of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tamaku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan
ARAGAO, F.IL., Embrapa Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Esta<;ao Biol6gica, Final Av. W3 Norte, 70.770-900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
BARG, R, Department of Plant Genetics, Institute of Field and Garden Crops, The Volcani Center, A.Ro., Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
BELKNAP, w'R, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, USA
BESTWICK, RK. 15052, Fall River Drive, Bend, Oregon 97707, USA
BRAUN, RH., New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
CABRERA-PONCE, IL., Department of Plant Genetic Engineering, Cinvestav-Irapuato. Apdo. Postal 629,36500 Irapuato, Gto. Mexico
CARCAMO, R, Akkadix Corporation, 11099 North Torrey Pines Road, Ste. 200, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
CAMMUE, B.P.A., FA Janssens Laboratory of Genetics, Catholic University of Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
CREE, P.P., Pharmacia & Upjohn Inc 301 Henrietta St. Kalamazoo, Michigan 49007, USA. Present address: PCCom.Inc 3305 Henrietta St. Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
XVI List of Contributors
CHMELEV, v., Laboratory of Biochemistry, All-Russian Plant Research Institute, Isaakievskaya Sq. 2, 199000, St. Petersburg, Russia
CHOI, P.S., Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, KIST, P.o. Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, 305-600, Korea
CHRISTEY, M.e., New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
DELBREIL, B., Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Differenciation Vegetale UPRES 2702. Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve D' Ascq CEDEX, France
FAUQUET, e.M., ILTAB/Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 8001 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
GALLIE, D.R., Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
GONZALEZ, A.E., The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
HERRERA-ESTRELLA, L., Department of Plant Genetic Engineering, Cinvestav-Irapuato. Apdo. Postal 629, 36500 Irapuato, Gto. Mexico
Huss, B., Physiologie et Genetique Moleculaire Vegetales, Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d' Ascq cedex, France
JOFRE-GARFIAS, A.E., Department of Plant Genetic Engineering, Cinvestav-Irapuato. Apdo. Postal 629, 36500 Irapuato, Gto. Mexico
JULLIEN, M., UMR Biologie des Semences, INRA-INAP-G, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78026 Versailles CEDEX, France
KIM, Y.S., Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, KIST, P.o. Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, 305-600, Korea
KINO-OKA, M., Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
KISLIN, Y.N., Laboratory of Plant Growth Regulators, All-Russian Research Institute for Plant Protection, Sh. Podbelskiy 3, 189620 Pushkin 8, St. Petersburg, Russia
List of Contributors XVII
KRAVCHENKO, L.v., Laboratory of Biotechnology, All-Russian Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Sh. Podbelskiy 3, 189620 Push kin 8, St. Petersburg, Russia
LIMANTON-GREVET, A., Laboratoire "in vitro", 1 Marionnet GFA, Route de Courmenin, 41230 Soings-en-Sologne, France Present address: UMR Biologie des Semences, INRA-INAP-G, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78026 Versailles CEDEX, France
Lru, lR., Plant Cell and Molecular Biology Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, KIST, P.o. Box 115, Yusong, Taejon, 305-600, Korea
LUTOVA, L.A., Department of Genetics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
MACCREE, M.M., United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, USA
MALYSHEVA, N.V., Department of Genetics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb., 7/9,199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
MANDOLINO, G., Istituto Sperimentale per Ie Colture Industriali, via di Corticella 133, 40129 Bologna, Italy
MANo, Y., Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokai University, 317 Nishino, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0321, Japan
MARTINELLI, L., Laboratorio Biotecnologie, Istituto Agrario, 38010 San Michele all' Adige (TN), Italy
MAsoNA, V.M., University of Zimbabwe, Crop Science Department, MP 167, Harare, Zimbabwe
MATHEWS, H. Agritope Inc. 16160 SW Upper Boones Ferry Road, Portland, Oregon 97224-7744, USA
MATSUYAMA, T., Faculty of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tamaku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan
METz, T.D., Biology Department, Campbell University, P.O. Box 308, Buies Creek, North Carolina 27506, USA
OTANI, M., Research Institute of Agricultural Resources, Ishikawa Agricultural College, Nonoichi-machi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
XVIII List of Contributors
PAVLOVA, Z.B., Department of Genetics, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Emb., 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
PEREZ HERNANDEZ, IB., Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Catholic University of Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92,3001 Heverlee, Belgium
RAMBOUR, S., Physiologie et Genetique Moleculaire Vegetales, Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d' Ascq cedex, France
RECH, E.L., Embrapa Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Esta<;:ao Biol6gica, Final Av. W3 Norte, 70.770-900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
REMY, S., Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Catholic University of Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
ROCKHOLD, D.R, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, California 94710, USA
SAG!, L., Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Catholic University of Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
SALTS, Y., Department of Plant Genetics, Institute of Field and Garden Crops, The Volcani Center, A.Ro., Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
SCHOPKE, c., Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92621, USA
SHABTAI, S., Department of Plant Genetics, Institute of Field and Garden Crops, The Volcani Center, A.RO., Bet-Dagan 50250, Israel
SHIMADA, T., Research Institute of Agricultural Resources, Ishikawa Agricultural College, Nonoichi-machi, Ishikawa 921-8836, Japan
SIMPSON, 1, Department of Plant Genetic Engineering, Cinvestav-Irapuato. Apdo, Postal 629,36500 Irapuato, Gto. Mexico
SPANO, L., Department of Basic and Applied Biology, State University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio 67010 Coppito AQ, Italy
SWENNEN, R, Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Catholic University of Leuven, Kardinaal Mercierlaan 92,3001 Heverlee, Belgium
List of Contributors
TAYLOR, N.J., ILTABlDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, 8001 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA
TONE, S., Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
Y AZAWA, M., Faculty of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tamaku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan
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