Biosecurity Biosecurity Laws and Laws and Regulations Regulations in Turkey in Turkey Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Avni Öktem Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Avni Öktem Nano Nano bio bio technology R technology R &D &D Group, Department of Group, Department of Biological Sciences Biological Sciences Middle East Technical University, Middle East Technical University, Ankara Ankara TURKEY TURKEY
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Biosecurity Laws and Regulations in Turkey Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Avni Öktem Nanobiotechnology R&D Group, Department of Biological Sciences Middle East Technical.
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Biosecurity Biosecurity Laws and Laws and Regulations Regulations in Turkeyin Turkey
Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Avni ÖktemProf. Dr. Hüseyin Avni Öktem
NanoNanobiobiotechnology Rtechnology R&D &D Group, Department of Group, Department of Biological SciencesBiological Sciences
Middle East Technical University, Middle East Technical University, AnkaraAnkara TURKEY TURKEY
• As a result of– Increased research & commercial activities in
biotechnology– Commencement of membership negotiations with EU
on October 3rd, 2005
• Turkey has passed/signed certain biosecurity related legislations
1998 - Directive About The Field Studies of Transgenic Culture Plants (1998/05/08)
2004 - The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (2004/01/24)
2009 - Directive on Import, Process, Export, Control and Regulation of Genetically Modified Organisms for Human and Animal Consumption (2009/10/26)
2010 - Biosecurity Law (no.5997 - 2010/09/26)
2010 - Directive on Operational Procedures and Principles of Biosecurity Board and Committees (no.27671 - 2010/08/13)
2010 - Directive on Genetically Modified Organisms and Their Products (no.27671 – 2010/08/13)
• biosecurity laws and directives in Turkey are mostly related with Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)– their distributions, uses, imports and exports, …
• earliest examples of such a directive– the “directive about the field studies of transgenic culture plants” by The
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) in 1998
– aimed to prevent the import of GMOs to be used in human consumption without first being tested in a field study in Turkey
– all GMOs to be imported were required to have a certification from a country having biosecurity legislation
• In 2000, in the absence of a national law on biosecurity– The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety was ratified in the Turkish Parliament in
2003
• In 2002, Turkey has started to prepare a “Biosecurity Law” in compliance with The Cartagena Protocol
– project money from the United Nations Environment Program – The Global Environment Facility (UNEP-GEF) entitled “Project on the Development of the National Biosafety Framework of Turkey” was started on September 18th, 2002 and finished on March 18th
• In 2005, first circulating draft of “Biosecurity Law”• In 2009, finalized by the MARA• In 2010, been passed from the parliament
• In accordance with the new “Biosecurity Law”• Two directives have been published by the MARA
– 2010 - Directive on Operational Procedures and Principles of Biosecurity Board and Committees (no.27671 - 2010/08/13)
– 2010 - Directive on Genetically Modified Organisms and Their Products (no.27671 – 2010/08/13)
• The Biosecurity Law and two directives– Came into force on September 26th, 2010
• MARA suspended the export of all material containing GMO.• “Biosecurity Board” has been established
– 1st meeting on September 27th, 2010– The Board started a web site called “Information Exchange in Biosecurity” at
• Establishes lists of experts and terms of responsibilities• For each GMO certification application
– Establishes committees – Selects members from the expert pool– Determines committees works
• Generates “Biosecurity Board Decisions”– Using committees’ feedbacks and analysis reports
Biosecurity BoardBiosecurity Boardhow it works?how it works?
• Holds meetings on a call basis• All written communications, meeting notes, etc. are kept
by the Agricultural Research General Directorate (ARGD)
• At least 7 members need to be present for the Board to start a meeting
• At least 5 members for a consensus• Board’s decisions, directives, legislations, etc. are
passed to the Ministry via ARGD
Scientific CommitteesScientific Committees
• Members are selected from the expert pools, universities, Scientific and Technological Research Institute of Turkey and/or any expert approved by the Board.
• 11 members are selected for each GMO application– the committee’s responsibilities is limited for that specific
application and its term ends with it
• Board can also establish committees for– Risk assessment– Socioeconomical assessment
• At least 9 members need to be present for the Committee to start a meeting