biometrics.ppt

Seminar on Seminar on

WHAT SECURITY ? WHY SECURITY ?WHAT SECURITY ? WHY SECURITY ?

SECURITY SYSTEMSECURITY SYSTEM

ALEXENDAR FISH & LINAS YEL - 1844ALEXENDAR FISH & LINAS YEL - 1844

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

BIO = PERTAINING TO BIOLOGY &BIO = PERTAINING TO BIOLOGY &

METRICS = SCIENCE OR ART OF MEASUREMENTMETRICS = SCIENCE OR ART OF MEASUREMENT

FUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONSFUNDAMENTAL OPERATIONS

1.CAPTURE1.CAPTURE

2.EXTRACTION2.EXTRACTION

3.COMPARISON3.COMPARISON

4.MATCH/NONMATCH4.MATCH/NONMATCH

A FEW DEFINATIONA FEW DEFINATION

BIOMETRICS AUTHENTICATIONBIOMETRICS AUTHENTICATION

BIOMETRICS,BIOMETRIC OR BIOMETRICS,BIOMETRIC OR BIOMETRYBIOMETRY

AUTHENTICATION Vs IDENTIFICATIONAUTHENTICATION Vs IDENTIFICATION

HISTORY OF BIOMETRICSHISTORY OF BIOMETRICS

FRANCIS GALTON – 1892.FRANCIS GALTON – 1892.

In 1968, Biometrics technique was implem-In 1968, Biometrics technique was implem-

ented in New York bank.ented in New York bank.

But after1990, IT comes in picture ,throughBut after1990, IT comes in picture ,through

Its advancement and simplicity BiometricsIts advancement and simplicity Biometrics

Technique become very popular. Technique become very popular.

GENERIC MODEL OF GENERIC MODEL OF BIOMETRICSBIOMETRICS

PHASE OF BIOMETRICSPHASE OF BIOMETRICS

1.INPUT1.INPUT

2.PROCESS2.PROCESS

3.OUTPUT3.OUTPUT

BIOMETRICS IDENTIFICATIONBIOMETRICS IDENTIFICATION

1. VOICE PRINT2. FINGER PRINT3. IRIS PATTERN4. FACE PRINT5. HAND GEOMETRY6. RETINAL SCAN7. KEYSTROKE DYNAMICS8. FACIAL RECOGNITION9. SIGNATURE RECOGNITION

VOICE PRINTVOICE PRINT

Voice print is recorded by microphones.Voice print is recorded by microphones.

Voice print is determined by many different factors: size of Voice print is determined by many different factors: size of vocalcactivites (throat, oral, nasal) as well as the characteristic of the vocalcactivites (throat, oral, nasal) as well as the characteristic of the vocal chords themselves.vocal chords themselves.

Your voice is further modified by the way you speak the way your Your voice is further modified by the way you speak the way your mouth, lips, teeth, jaw and tongue move. Therefore, the chance of two mouth, lips, teeth, jaw and tongue move. Therefore, the chance of two people havepeople have

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FINGER PRINTFINGER PRINT

Finger print is also called finger scanning.Finger print is also called finger scanning. To scan the finger print, a special kind of scanner that can work with optical rays To scan the finger print, a special kind of scanner that can work with optical rays

is used.is used. it fetches the diagram of finger print & delivers it to the computer where a special it fetches the diagram of finger print & delivers it to the computer where a special

programmer measures the distance between the special features & that print.programmer measures the distance between the special features & that print. Here, those special features are core, split, island, end &delta. Most fingerprint Here, those special features are core, split, island, end &delta. Most fingerprint

data takes up around 250kbdata takes up around 250kb

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IRIS PATTERNIRIS PATTERN

Iris is located behind the cornea of the eye and front of the lens. Its only Iris is located behind the cornea of the eye and front of the lens. Its only physiological purpose is to control the amount of light that enters the eye physiological purpose is to control the amount of light that enters the eye through the pupil, but iss construction from elastic connective tissue gives it through the pupil, but iss construction from elastic connective tissue gives it a complex, fibrillous pattern.a complex, fibrillous pattern.

Finger print technique there are only 90 special features, but in iris pattern Finger print technique there are only 90 special features, but in iris pattern there are 266 special features.there are 266 special features.

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FACE PRINTFACE PRINT

It use various features of the face to recognize or verify a user.It use various features of the face to recognize or verify a user. Use various kind of camera and computer .Use various kind of camera and computer . The computer converted this feature into digital form.The computer converted this feature into digital form.

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HAND GEOMETRYHAND GEOMETRY

Most widely used biometrics sys.Most widely used biometrics sys. It use the geometric shape of the hand for authenticating the user’s It use the geometric shape of the hand for authenticating the user’s

identity.identity. Generally two method is used:Generally two method is used:

1. mechanical.1. mechanical.2. Image edge detection.2. Image edge detection.

Hand scanner is used in this method which is shown in fig.Hand scanner is used in this method which is shown in fig.

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RETINA SCANRETINA SCAN Retina scan method is based Retina scan method is based

on the blood vessel pattern in on the blood vessel pattern in the retina of eye.the retina of eye.

The device used in this The device used in this method is shown in the fig. on method is shown in the fig. on this the user position there this the user position there head against a support and a head against a support and a low power infrared light is low power infrared light is directed against the back of directed against the back of the retina. the retina.

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KEYSTROKE DYNAMICSKEYSTROKE DYNAMICS

This method analyzes the way in which a user types at a computer keyboard.This method analyzes the way in which a user types at a computer keyboard.The durations of keystrokes and the latencies between them are recordedThe durations of keystrokes and the latencies between them are recorded

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FACE RECOGNITONFACE RECOGNITON Facial recognition technique has recently developed into two Facial recognition technique has recently developed into two

areas of study;areas of study;

1. Facial metrics.1. Facial metrics.2. Eigenfaces. 2. Eigenfaces.

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SIGNATURE RECOGNITIONSIGNATURE RECOGNITION

It is based on the dynamics of making the signature.It is based on the dynamics of making the signature. i.e. accretion rates, direction, pressure, stroke length i.e. accretion rates, direction, pressure, stroke length

etc.etc. The problem is measurement used in the recognition The problem is measurement used in the recognition

process and repeatability of the signature. process and repeatability of the signature.

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BIOMETRICS CAPTURED USING BIOMETRICS CAPTURED USING WEB CAM AND MICROPHONE WEB CAM AND MICROPHONE

(e)

COMPARISON OF BIOMETRICS COMPARISON OF BIOMETRICS TECHNIQUES TECHNIQUES

Table show the crossover accuracy of different biometrics.Table show the crossover accuracy of different biometrics. crossover accuracy is the ratio of the crossover Frequency crossover accuracy is the ratio of the crossover Frequency

as compared to the whole population of tested data. as compared to the whole population of tested data.

Biometrics Crossover Accuracy

Retinal Scan 1:10,000,000+

Iris Scan 1:131,000

Fingerprints 1:500

Hand Geometry 1:500

Signature Dynamics 1:50

Voice Dynamics 1:50

HOW WELL DO BIOMETRICS HOW WELL DO BIOMETRICS WORK?WORK?

FALSE ACCEPT RATEFALSE ACCEPT RATE FALSE REJECT RATEFALSE REJECT RATE EQUAL ERROR RATEEQUAL ERROR RATE VALIDITY OF DATAVALIDITY OF DATA

IS DNA A BIOMETRICS?IS DNA A BIOMETRICS?

DNA differs from standard biometrics in several DNA differs from standard biometrics in several ways.ways.

DNA is type of biometric in as much as it is the DNA is type of biometric in as much as it is the use of physiological characteristic two verify or use of physiological characteristic two verify or determine identity. determine identity.

ABOUT BIOMETRICSABOUT BIOMETRICS

Where Biometrics is used?Where Biometrics is used?The new opportunities & Future The new opportunities & Future

Technologies.Technologies.Benefits.Benefits.

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION