biometrics

Outline Introduction Biometrics techniques Strengths, and weaknesses FAR/FRR Major Players Summary

What Is Biometrics ?

Biometrics is the reading of a unique human physical attribute as data, which is then applied to authenticate a system.

Passwords -“something we know”

Tokens and Cards –”something we possess” (e.g., ID cards, smart cards, digital certificates)

Biometrics –”something that is part of us”

(e.g., retina scan, fingerprints, facial recognition)

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF BIOMETRIC’S

Biometrics Techniques

Retina scanning Iris scanning Fingerprint scanning Hand scanning Face recognition Voice recognition & DSV Signature recognition Keystroke recognition

Retinal Scanning

User Looks Into a Viewer and Focuses on a Point; Infrared Light Scans Retina

Iris ScanningUser looks at a camera (distance from camera increasing rapidly to 2-3 feet)

User Places Finger on Scanning Device

User Places Hand on Device

User Looks at Camera , it is based on the face geometry

SIGNATURE RECOGNITION

This is done by analyzing the shape, speed, stroke, pen pressure and timing information during the act of signing.

User speaks into a microphone or other device, such as a telephone handset

Keystroke Recognition

User types standard sample on keyboard

Voice Recognition & DSV

Other Techniques

Strengths, and Weakness

Retina

Iris

Fingerprint

Hand/Finger Geometry

Face Recognition

Voice Recognition

Signature Recognition

Keystroke Recognition

Technique Strengths

Retina Highly accurate

Iris Highly accurate; works with eyeglasses; more acceptable to users than retina scan

Fingerprint Mature technology; highly accurate; low cost; small size, becoming widely acceptable

Hand/Finger Geometry accurate and flexible; widely acceptable to users

Face Recognition Widely acceptable to users; low cost; no direct contact; passive monitoring possible

Voice Recognition Usable over existing telephone system; good for remote access and monitoring;

Signature Recognition Widely acceptable to users

Keystroke Recognition Widely acceptable to users; low cost; uses existing hardware

Technique Weaknesses

Retina Inconvenient for persons with eyeglasses; dislike contact with device and light beam

Iris New technology, cost, although this is rapidly changing

Fingerprint Users can create high FRR; some persons dislike contact with device

Hand/Finger Geometry User interface is bulky; dislike contact with device

Face Recognition Face recognition is less accurate than other methods

Voice Recognition Less accuracy; subject to background noise

Signature Recognition Less accuracy; not widely used yet, but has potential with PDAs

Keystroke Recognition Less accuracy;

FAR & FRR

FAR(False Acceptance rate) – refers to how often the system accepts someone it should reject

AND

FRR(False Rejection Rate) is how often the system rejects someone it shouldn’t.

Major Players

Computer access Physical access Handheld devices Military/Govt. Agencies/DOD Financial services Hospitals Telecommunication

Summary

As biometric technology advances, the cost of systems will decrease.

At the same time, biometrics systems will become increasingly sophisticated and accurate.

Scientist will physical and behavioral traits will increase the usefulness of biometrics.

The general public will gradually come to accept biometric system.