Biomedical Applications of Antennas Gunjan Gupta – 10BEC112 Pratik Bhanawat- 10BEC113 Department of Electronics and Communications Institute of Technology Nirma University
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Biomedical Applications of
AntennasGunjan Gupta – 10BEC112
Pratik Bhanawat- 10BEC113
Department of Electronics and CommunicationsInstitute of Technology
Nirma University
Body area network (BAN)• Human body as a transmission channel
Figure 1: Transmission system using the human body as a transmission channel [2]Figure 2: Electric field stream line model of PAN [2]
Body area network (BAN)• The content of a BAN or PAN contains a range of communications
needs and requirements. These can be classified as:• Off-body• On-body• In-body
Antenna Body Area Networks
Figure 3: Radiation Pattern for Antenna Propagation [3]Figure 4: Human Body conduction [3]
Challenges of Antenna Body Area Networks• Power• Absorption (SAR): specific allowances of radiation• Signal integrity• Body is a lossy, complex medium for signal propagation• Distortion of radiation pattern close to human?
Wireless PANs in Medical Applications• Aim• Creation of a patient-centred RF hub that can receive vital signs from patients,
concentrate them and send them to a base station in a relatively short range via a wireless personal area network (WPAN)
• Use of WPANs • Connecting to a higher level network and the Internet (uplink) and even for
wireless communication among the ECG sensors themselves (intrapersonal communication)
Wireless PANs in Medical ApplicationsThe criteria that are mostly considered for the selection of the most appropriate and efficient protocol in this area are:• Data rate• Range• Low battery power requirement• Safety and reliability• Security• Data Latency
Fig 5 : An instrument for Biomedical Applications [3]
Non-Invasive Method Investigation for Blood Pressure Measurements• Cuff• Accurate• Non-continuous monitoring• Discomfort from pressure
Non-Invasive Method Investigation for Blood Pressure Measurements• Arterial tonometer• Applies constant pressure on
artery at the wrist• Constant pressure creates
discomfort
Challenges of coughless methods• Pulse Transit Time method (PTT)• Detect PTT• Pulse Oximeter• Impedance sensor• Issues with impedance detection
Liquid Antennas for Bio-monitoring Applications
References1. Effect of Earth Ground and Environment on Body-Centric
Communications in the MHz Band Katsuyuki Fujii and Yasuyuki Okumura 2. K. Fujii, M. Takahashi, and K. Ito, “Electric field distributions of wearable
devices using the human body as a transmission channel,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2080–2087, 2007
3. ATHENA Research Group-Biomedical Application – Georgia Institute of Technology
4. Book: Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric Wireless Communications Second Edition Peter S. Hall Yang Hao
Thank You !
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