Biomaterials in Focus: Sustainability assessment of biobased plastics A Webinar series from the junior researchers team of University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Hannover P a r t 4 - 1 9 . J a n u a r y 2 0 1 7 Venkateshwaran Venkatachalam M.Sc., V.-Prof. Andrea Siebert-Raths Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ 1 e t i e S e d . r e v o n n a h - b b f i . w w w
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Biomaterials in Focus:Sustainability assessment of biobased plasticsA Webinar series from the junior researchers team of University of Applied Sciences and Arts, HannoverPart 4 - 1 9. January 201 7 Venkateshwaran Venkatachalam M.Sc.,V.-Prof. Andrea Siebert-RathsHochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ 1 etieSed.revonnah-bbfi.www
1. FORSCHERNACHWUCHSGRUPPE AT IFBB
2. SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT3. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)4. METHODOLOGY OF LCA5. LCA OF BIOBASED PLASTICS6. LCA OF FNG MATERIALS7. OUTLOOK8. SUMMARY
ForscherNachwuchsGruppe at IfBB
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
ForscherNachwuchsGruppe (FNG) or Junior Researchers Team„Systematic Identification and Practical Implementation of Synergies in the Area of Biopolymers, Biopolymer Fibres and Composite Materials“Phase I:• Period: 01.07.2012 – 30.06.2015 Phase II: Practical implementation!• Period: Summer 2015 – Winter 2017
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
Methodology and standards for environmental sustainability assessment
Seite 9
Environmental Labelling Life Cycle Assessment
DIN EN ISO 14020, DIN EN ISO 14025 (EPD) DIN EN ISO 14040/14044
Product Category Rules
Eco Profile
CPC 374
ILCD Handbook
Product Environmental Footprint
DIN EN 16760Biobased Products
EPD
PCR
LCA
PEF
1. FORSCHERNACHWUCHSGRUPPE AT IFBB
2. SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT3. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)4. METHODOLOGY OF LCA5. LCA OF BIOBASED PLASTICS6. LCA OF FNG MATERIALS7. OUTLOOK8. SUMMARY
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) -Definition
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
„LCA studies the environmental aspects and potential impacts throughout a product’s life (i.e. Cradle to grave) from raw material acquisition through production, use and disposal“
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Sour
ce: M
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Production
Processing
Use
Disposal
Recovery
Raw material acquisition
Life Cycle Assessment
1. FORSCHERNACHWUCHSGRUPPE AT IFBB
2. SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT3. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)4. METHODOLOGY OF LCA5. LCA OF BIOBASED PLASTICS6. LCA OF FNG MATERIALS7. OUTLOOK8. SUMMARY
Methodology of LCA
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de Seite 13
Direct applications
• Optimization of products
• Strategic planning
• Decision making
• Policymaking
• Marketing
• Others
Goal and scopedefinition
Inventory analysis
Impact assessment
Inte
rpre
tatio
n
Framework of a LCA (DIN EN ISO 14040)
Methodology of LCA II
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
Systemgrenzen - Ökobilanz
Seite 14
Que
lle: M
odifiz
iert
nach
LBP
–Un
ivers
ität S
tuttg
art 2
015
Methodology of LCA III
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de Seite 15
2. SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT3. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)4. METHODOLOGY OF LCA5. LCA OF BIOBASED PLASTICS6. LCA OF FNG MATERIALS7. OUTLOOK8. SUMMARY
LCA of FNG Materials
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
Goal: Environmental assessment of FNG-Materials (in comparison to the conventional materials)
System boundaries of the study:Cradle to Grave. The different lifecycle phases considered for this study are:• Raw material acquisition (Biomass Biopolymer)• Production of bioplastic product (Biopolymer Bioplastic product)• Processing of Bioplastic product (Bioplastic product End product (Computer mouse))• Recovery/Disposal of the end product (End product Recycling, incineration etc.)
Functional unit: 1 kg biobased plastic (Blend), which will be used in the manufacture of products such as computer mouse, writing instruments, sport articles.
Impact assessment method: ILCD/PEF Recommendation
LCA Software: GaBi Software (thinkstep AG) Version 6
Database: GaBi, Ecoinvent, literature and measured data
Seite 25
LCA of FNG Materials II
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
Selection of impact categories
Seite 26
Category Indicator Characterization factor
Climate change kg. CO2 Eq Global Warming Potential (GWP)
Influencing factors• Recyclate quality• Energy demand• Transport
LCA of FNG Materials VIII
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de Seite 31
0,455
?
0,020
0,006
?
0,224
0,461
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
Raw material acquisition Production Processing and Use End of Life
Globa
l Warming Po
tential (GWP) kg CO
2Eq
/kg biop
lastic
Global Warming Potential (GWP) [kg CO2‐Equiv.]
HomopolymerAdditivesTransportOthers
Extrusion Injection molding
LCA of FNG Materials IX
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
Challenges in the LCA of FNG materials• Setting and selection of system boundaries• Data quality (Primary and Secondary data)• Data availability (Limited availability of primary and secondary data for bio-based
plastics in comparison to the conventional ones)• Cut-off criteria and allocation methods • System expansion (Recycling)• Spatial and temporal changes (Data from different countries and timeframe)• Interpretation of the results and Product communication (comprehensive,
transparent)
Seite 32
1. FORSCHERNACHWUCHSGRUPPE AT IFBB
2. SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT3. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)4. METHODOLOGY OF LCA5. LCA OF BIOBASED PLASTICS6. LCA OF FNG MATERIALS7. OUTLOOK8. SUMMARY
Outlook
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
• Inclusion of primary data in the considered product system, to increase the data quality.
• Assessment of environmental impact categories along the value chain• Hot-Spot Analysis, to determine the significance/relevance of the selected
environmental impact categories• Making the data on intermediate products and conversion processes available for
free in the ILCD format.• Scenario analysis with regards to different process parameters• Ecological assessment of the biobased plastics, in comparison to the conventional
ones.• Life Cycle Costing (LCC) of the production of biobased plastics
Seite 34
1. FORSCHERNACHWUCHSGRUPPE AT IFBB
2. SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT3. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (LCA)4. METHODOLOGY OF LCA5. LCA OF BIOBASED PLASTICS6. LCA OF FNG MATERIALS7. OUTLOOK8. SUMMARY
Summary
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de
• For the analysis and optimization of product system from the environmental, economic and social point of view, a sustainability assessment is required.
• Life Cycle Assessment is a standardized method to determine the potential environmental impacts of a product system
• LCA can be used for both internal and external communication • However the challenge lies in the interpretation and communication of the results
from a LCA study• Are bio-based plastics environmental friendly? There is no concrete yes/no answer.
It is necessary to review at the product level and there are some methodological gaps that still exist.
• The junior researchers team at IfBB will assess the bio-based plastics, taking into account of these challenges in the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
Seite 36
Summary
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ www.ifbb-hannover.de Seite 37
Overview and current
challenges
Communication
Processing of biobased plastics
Biowerkstoffe im Einsatz
April 2016
June 2017 Today
June 2016
December 2017
Thank you for your attention!! From the FNG team
Hochschule Hannover │ IfBB – Institut für Biokunststoffe und Bioverbundwerkstoffe │ 83 etieSed.revonnah-bbfi.www