Biomass waste

7/29/2019 Biomass waste

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By: P.CHANDRASHEKHAR

(11031EIB04)


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PROFILE

BIOMASS ENERGY

BENEFITS

BARRIERS SUPPLY CHAIN

BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES

GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS

INVESTMENT IN BUSINESS POWER SECTOR


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OVERVIEW

Biomass is a renewable energy source that isderived from living or recently living organisms.

Biomass includes biological material, not organicmaterial like coal.

Energy derived from biomass is mostly used togenerate electricity or to produce heat.

Thermal energy is extracted by means of

combustion, torrefaction, pyrolysis, andgasification.

Biomass can be chemically and biochemicallytreated to convert it to a energy-rich fuel.


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INDIAS POWER SCENARIO

Total installed capacity 150323 MW

Per-capita power consumption 704kWh

Power generation 2.4% of the world Power consumption 3.3% of the world


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53.3

10.50.9

24.7

POWER SECTOR COMPOSITION

COAL

GAS

OIL

HYDRO

24.8

35.6

8.1

22.9

USAGE

DOMESTIC

INDUSTRIAL

COMMERCIAL

AGRICULTURAL

POWER SECTOR COMPOSITION

POWER USAGE


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GEOGRAPHIC AREAS

Comes from the

forest

Can also come from

plant and animalwaste

Wood and waste can

be found virtually

anywhere

Transportation costs


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Conversion of biomass waste into

energy

Gasification: Exposing a solid fuel to high temperatures andlimited oxygen produces biogas.

Pyrolysis: Heating the biomass can produce pyrolysis oil and

phenol oil leaving charcoal. Digestion: Bacteria, in an oxygen-starved environment can

produce methane.

Fermentation: Bio-material that is used to manufactureEthanol and Bio-diesel by an anaerobic biological process in

which sugars are converted to alcohol by the action of micro-organisms, usually yeast.

Solid Fuel Combustion: Direct combustion of solid matter.


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Supply chain


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Government regulations

National Electricity Policy 2005

Tariff Policy 2006

National Rural Electrification Policies, 2006

Electricity Act 2003


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BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES IN BIOMASS

SECTOR

Biomass has the highestpotential for small scalebusiness developmentand mass employment.

Characterized by low costtechnologies and freelyavailable raw materials, itis still one of the leadingsources of primaryenergy for mostcountries.

Opportunities are diverse,and are present in such

different sectors


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Future plans of Foreign companies

Cleanergen Corporation India Pvt. Ltd(u.s.a)

Areva (France)

Astonfield Renewable Resources (u.s.a)


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Investments

Green Planet Energy Private Limited has invested

a sum of 9.6 billion rupees (US$228/145 million)

on setting up 14 biomass power projects in the state

of Punjab. This has added 147MW of renewableenergy to the state's portfolio.


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Barriers

High transactions cost

Limited interest in power projects

High investment risks Lack of working capital

Fuel supply risks

Operational risks


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conclusion

Biomass is a potential alternative to fossil fuels

but it is not very viable.

There are many problems in the development

and transportation of it and carbon is a

byproduct of processing of biomass, just like it

is a byproduct of fossil fuels.

There are better alternative energies.


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References

Biomass waste

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