© 2017 FEC Energy Biomass CHP in the Horticulture Sector Oli Coe FEC Energy Ltd
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© 2017 FEC Energy
Biomass CHP in the Horticulture Sector Oli Coe FEC Energy Ltd
© 2017 FEC Energy
What is Biomass CHP?
HEAT
POWER
© 2017 FEC Energy
Biomass Boiler
© 2017 FEC Energy
• Steam Turbine
• Screw Expander
• Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
Biomass CHP Generators
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Steam Turbine
• Steam Turbine Cycle – Up to 50% Electrical Efficiency, 80%+ system efficiency
– Electrical Outputs from ~100 kW to 1000 MW+
– Require High Pressure Steam (~50 Bar)
– Require High Temperature Steam (~500°C)
HP LP 500°C
50 Bar
300°C
20 Bar
300°C
20 Bar 100°C
-1.0 Bar
G
© 2017 FEC Energy
• Screw Expander Cycle (Steam) – System Efficiency of ~98%
- electrical efficiency depends on unit size
– Electrical outputs from the tens of kW to 600kW+
– Only requires a pressure differential of 8 Bar
– Relatively low temperature requirement (>150°C)
Screw Expander
90°C
2 Bar
150°C
10 Bar
G
© 2017 FEC Energy
• Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) – Extremely high system efficiencies ~98%, electrical efficiencies 5-18%
– Sizes from 50 kW to 70 MW
– Can be run on thermal oil
– Temperature requirements of ~300°C
Organic Rankine Cycle
G
300°C
80°C 60°C
250°C
Thermal
Oil
Hot Water
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• Design Build Considerations:
– Budget
– Heat Loss of Building and Electrcity Use
– Existing Utility Supply/Grid Connection
– Operation and Maintenance
– Plant Room/Building
– Planning Permission
– Fuel Store
Build Considerations
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Biomass CHP Income
Technology RHI Rate (p/kWh)
Biomass CHP 4.29
Biomass Combustion
Small Commercial Biomass <200kW
Tier 1 2.85
Tier 2 0.75
Medium Commercial Biomass 200kW to <1MW
Tier 1 5.32
Tier 2 2.31
Large Commercial Biomass 1MW+
2.08
© 2017 FEC Energy
Biomass CHP Income
Fuel
Boiler
Turbine or Screw
Expander
Heat Exchanger
or Condenser
Power
(Export &
ROC CfD)
Heat Out
(Biomass CHP RHI)
Heat Out
(Biomass Combustion RHI)
Pump
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• The installation was completed and commissioned after July 2009
• Emissions Criteria (PM and NOx)
• Sustainability Criteria
• No Grants or public funding have been or will be received for the eligible installation
• The plant must be new
• The plant is providing heat for eligible purposes: – Heating a building
– Heating water
– Carrying out a process within a building
• The metering arrangements are correct
RHI Criteria
© 2017 FEC Energy
• Essential for RHI
– Need at least 1 MID Compliant Meter
– May need more if fossil fuel boilers in system
– May need more if high heat losses
Heat metering
Mechanical flowmeter and
digital integrator
Ultrasonic
flowmeter and
digital
integrator
© 2017 FEC Energy
Example – 1.5 Ha Nursery
• Heat demand – 1MW - 4,746,000kWh heat demand
• £800,000 for a steam turbine – 100 kW elec output
2,770 tonnes woodchip per year
£138,500 Fuel Cost (£50/tonne)
£200,000 RHI (4.29 p/kWh)
£42,700 Elec offset (9 p/kWh)
£94,920 Gas offset (2 p/kWh)
Net Income: £ 199,120
Payback 4.0 Years
© 2017 FEC Energy
Example – 1.5 Ha Nursery
• Heat demand – 1MW - 4,746,000kWh heat demand
• £975,000 for a screw expander system – 400 kW elec output
3,460 tonnes of woodchip a year
£173,000 Fuel Cost (£50/tonne)
£200,000 RHI (4.29 p/kWh)
£170,856 Elec offset (9 p/kWh import)
£94,920 Gas offset (2 p/kWh)
Net Income: £292,776
Payback 3.3 Years
© 2017 FEC Energy
Example – 1.5 Ha Nursery
• Heat demand – 1MW - 4,746,000kWh heat demand
• £1.25M for an ORC system – 220 kW elec output
2,966 tonnes of woodchip a year
£148,313 Fuel Cost (£50/tonne)
£200,000 RHI (4.29 p/kWh)
£93,970 Elec offset (9 p/kWh)
£94,920 Gas offset (2 p/kWh)
Net Income: £240,577
Payback 5.2 Years
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