Lecture: Growth and Development, Part 3B Biology of Fungi Fungal Growth and Development BIOL 319 Sexual Development (cont.) Nature of sexuality Homothallic vs. heterothallic Governed by mating type genes (compatibility) Arrangement of mating types Bipolar compatibility - governed by a single gene locus where one of a non-allelic pair of genes (idiomorph) exists Tetrapolar compatibility - two mating type gene pairs of multiple idiomorphs BIOL 319 BIOL 319 - Spring 2017 Sexual Development Sexual reproduction involves three fundamental processes: Plasmogamy - fusion of haploid cells Karyogamy - fusion of haploid nuclei Meiosis - reduction division Two fundamental points of sexual reproduction Nature of sexuality Serves as a survival mechanism BIOL 319 Sexual Development (cont.) Mating type and hormonal control Chytridiomycota Allomyces is a homothallic fungus that produces separate male and female gametangia that release motile Gametangia of Allomyces. Source: www.palaeos.com/ gametes Fungi/Lists/Glossary/GlossaryG.html BIOL 319 Sexual Development (cont.) BIOL 319 Sexual Development (cont.) Mating type and hormonal control Chytridiomycota (cont.) Females release a pheromone, serinin, that attracts the male gametes Male gametes move along a concentration gradient Serinin and carotenoid color produced in male gametangia are produced from the same precursor, indicating mating type gene controls development of the sex organs BIOL 319 1
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Biology of Fungi - mycologysite.files.wordpress.com fileZygomycota Homothallic or heterothallic β-carotene to a prohormone Prohormoneis eventually converted by mating-type specific
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Lecture: Growth and Development, Part 3B
Biology of Fungi
Fungal Growth and Development
BIOL 319
Sexual Development (cont.)
Nature of sexuality Homothallic vs. heterothallic
Governed by mating type genes
(compatibility) Arrangement of mating types Bipolar compatibility - governed by a single gene
locus where one of a non-allelic pair of genes
(idiomorph) exists Tetrapolar compatibility - two mating type gene pairs
of multiple idiomorphs
BIOL 319
BIOL 319 - Spring 2017
Sexual Development
Sexual reproduction involves three
fundamental processes: Plasmogamy - fusion of haploid cells
Karyogamy - fusion of haploid nuclei
Meiosis - reduction division Two fundamental points of sexual
reproduction Nature of sexuality Serves as a survival mechanism
BIOL 319
Sexual Development (cont.) Mating type and
hormonal control
Chytridiomycota
Allomyces is a
homothallic fungus
that produces
separate male and
female gametangia
that release motile Gametangia of Allomyces. Source: www.palaeos.com/
gametes
Fungi/Lists/Glossary/GlossaryG.html
BIOL 319
Sexual Development (cont.)
BIOL 319
Sexual Development (cont.)
Mating type and hormonal control Chytridiomycota (cont.)
Females release a pheromone, serinin, that attracts
the male gametes Male gametes move along a concentration gradient
Serinin and carotenoid color produced in male
gametangia are produced from the same precursor,
indicating mating type gene controls development of
the sex organs
BIOL 319
1
Lecture: Growth and Development, Part 3B
Sexual Development (cont.)
Oomycota Homothallic or heterothallic, but in
most cases produces a colony
with both male and female sex
organs (antheridia and oogonia) Mating type genes control