Biology Lab Exam 1 Flashcards

7/27/2019 Biology Lab Exam 1 Flashcards

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DORSAL


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VENTRAL


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ANTERIOR


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POSTERIOR


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CRANIAL


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CAUDAL


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VENTRALtoward the lower surface (belly)


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DORSALtoward the upper surface (back)


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POSTERIORtoward the tail


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ANTERIORtoward the head


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CAUDALtoward the tail


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CRANIALtoward the head


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MEDIAL


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PROXIMAL


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DISTAL


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TRANSVERSE PLANE


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PROXIMAL

toward the end of the appendage

nearest the body


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MEDIALtoward the midline of the body


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DISTAL

toward the end of an appendage

farthest away from the body


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LATERAL

away from the midline of the body;

toward the side


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TRANSVERSE PLANE

a cross section;

two-dimensional plane

perpendicular to the anterior-

posterior axis of the body


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FRONTAL PLANEdivides the body into dorsal and

ventral halves;

two dimensional plane parallel to

the anterior-posterior axis and

perpendicular to the dorsal-ventralaxis


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SAGITTAL PLANE


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PLANTIGRADE


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QUADRUPED


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RAT SKELETON

VSHUMAN SKELETON


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AXIAL SKELETON


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APPENICULAR SKELETON


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SAGITTAL PLANE

divides the body into left and right

halves;two-dimensional plane parallel to

the anterior-posterior axis and

parallel to the dorsal-ventral axis


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RAT SKELETON

VSHUMAN SKELETON


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QUADRUPED


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AXIAL SKELETON


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NARES


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VIBRISSAE


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PARTS OF THE EAR


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TEATS


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PELAGE


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the tactilely (relating to touch)

sensitive whiskers on the face are

called VIBRISSAE


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the NARES (nostrils) are at theanterior end of the head


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the SUBTERMINAL MOUTH has a

CLEFT in the upper lip that exposeslarge front teeth called INCISORS


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a hairy coat called the PELAGE coversmost of the rats body


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ANUS


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TAIL


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Which of the following bones on

the rat skeleton articulates distally

with the tibia?A. PETELLA

B. ISCHIUM

C. FEMUR

D. CALCANEUS

E. PHALANGES


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Which surface of the rat is

indicated by the pin (rat with pin

in the back)?A. DORSAL

B. VENTRAL

C. ANTERIOR

D. POSTERIOR

E. N.O.T.A.


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Which is the function of the

indicated structure (rat with

vibrissae indicated)?A. SENSING SMELL

B. SENSING TOUCH

C. SECRETING MILK

D. EXCRETING WASTE PRODUCTS

E. SENSING LIGHT


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NICTITATING MEMBRANE


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the TAIL is located posteriorly

(caudally) and is covered with hair

and scales


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Ventral to the base of the tail is

the ANUS


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-


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-


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the NICTITATING MEMBRANE is

located at the inside corner of the

EYE


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Which bone is indicated by the

pointer (rat with tape on scapula)?A. MANDIBLE

B. CLAVICLE

C. HUMERUS

D. STERNUME. N.O.T.A.


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What region of the rat is indicated

by the pin (rat with pin in pelvic

region)?A. PECTORAL REGION

B. THORACIC REGION

C. ABDOMINAL REGION

D. PELVIC REGIONE. CAUDAL REGION


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Which of the following bones is

part of the axial skeleton?A. SACRAL VERTEBRAE

B. B. ISCHIUMM

C. FEMUR

D. SCAPULAE. N.O.T.A.


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Which of the following bones is

proximal to the indicated bone (rat

skeleton with humerus indicated)?A. HUMERUS

B. ULNA

C. CLAVICLE

D. STERNUME. RIB


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Identify the pinned structure (rat

with pin in tail)?A. PELAGE

B. PINNA

C. TAIL

D. ANUSE. NARES


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EXTENSORS


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ABDUCTORS


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RETRACTORS


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PROTRACTORS


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SUPINATORS


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FLEXORSdecrease the angle of a joint


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EXTENSORSincrease the angle of a joint


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RETRACTORSmove an appendage backward


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SUPINATORS

rotate the palm or bottom of footupward


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PROTRACTORSmove an appendage forward


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THORACIC CAVITY


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ABDOMINAL CAVITY


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DIAPHRAGM


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COELOM


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THORACIC CAVITY

chest region


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PRONATORS

rotate the palm or bottom of footdownward


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DIAPHRAGM


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ABDOMINAL CAVITY

belly region


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PERITONEUM


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COELOM


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..


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TRICEPS BRACHII


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SPINOTRAPEZIUS


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ACROMIOTRAPEZIUS


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LATISSIMUS DORSI


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BICEPS BRACHIIthe muscle is located on the anterior

surface of the humerus

ORIGIN: scapula

INSERTION: radius

ACTION: flexes the lower arm


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SPINOTRAPEZIUS

muscle lays across the dorsal

thoracic region of the rat

ORIGIN: thoracic vertebraeINSERTION: spine of the scapula

ACTION: moves the scapula upward

and backward


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TRICEPS BRACHIImuscle located on the sides and back

of the upper arm

ORIGIN: humerus & scapula

INSERTION: elbow (olecranon)

ACTION: extends the lower arm


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ACROMIOTRAPEZIUS

central muscle of the trapezius group

ORIGIN: cervical vertebraeINSERTION: scapula

ACTION: moves the scapula dorsally


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CUTANEOUS TRUNCI


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BICCEPTS FEMORIS


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GASTROCNEMIUS


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What characteristics of the

structure of muscle & bone tissue

contribute to their functions?


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ANTOGONISTIC MUSCLE PAIRS


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Which muscle moves the skin?


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SALIVARY GLANDS


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THYROID GLAND


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TRACHEA


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ESOPHAGUS


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THYMUS GLAND


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HEART


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LUNGS


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LIVER


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STOMACH


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SPLEEN


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SMALL INTESTINE


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LARGE INTESTINE


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PANCREAS


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Identify the pinned muscle (rat

with pin in latissimus dorsi)?

A. ACROMIOTRAPEZIUS

B. LATISSUMUS DORSI

C. TRICEPTS BRACHII

D. CLAVOTRAPEZIUSE. N.O.T.A.


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What is the insertion of the biceps

brachii?

A. RADIUS

B. SCAPULA

C. HUMERUS

D. CERVICAL VETEBRAEE. N.O.T.A.


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Where does food pass afterpassing through the pinned

structure (rat with pin in

esophagus)?A. CECUM

B. DIAPHRAGM

C. SPLEEN

D. LIVER

E. STOMACH


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In which body cavity would you

find the heart?

A. ABDOMINAL

B. PERICARDIUM

C. THORAIC

D. CRANIAL

E. N.O.T.A.


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Which muscle originates from the

indicated below (rat skeleton with

ischium indicated)?A. GASTROCNEMIUS

B. LATISSIMUS DORSI

C. BICEPS FEMORIS

D. BICEPS BRACHII

E. TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE


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Which of the following organsfunctions in transforming digested

nutrients into usable molecules for

the body?A. STOMACH

B. HEART

C. LIVER

D. SPLEEN

E. N.O.T.A.


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Which of the following muscles is

antagonistic to the pinned muscle

(rat with pin in pectoralis major)?A. BICEPS BRACHII

B. PECTORALIS MINOR

C. EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

D. LATISSIMUS DORSI

E. CLAVOTRAPEZIUS


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EXCRETORY SYSTEM


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REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM


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UROGENITAL SYSTEM:

RAT VS HUMAN


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FUNCTIONS OF REPRODUCTIVE

SYSTEMS: MALE RATS VS FEMALE

RATS


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HEPATIC PORTAL SYSTEM


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ADRENAL GLAND


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KIDNEY


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URETER


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BLADDER


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URETHRA


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SEMINAL VESICLE


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VAS DEFERENS


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EPIDIDYMIS


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TESTES


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OVARY


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OVIDUCT


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UTERINE HORN


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What is the relationship betweenthe digestive system and the liver,

and how is the circulatory system

involved?


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How are the kidneys associated

with the circulatory system?

What properties of blood and


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p p

vessels make them appropriate for

the function of transporting

nutrients and gases to and fromvarious parts of the body?


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Identify the pinned artery (rat with

pin in left renal artery)?

A. CELIAC

B. LEFT RENAL

C. CAUDAL

D. RIGH T FEMORAL

E. ABDOMINAL AORTA


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What is the function of the pinned part of the rat?


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Are the two pinned parts of the rat antognistic?


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Is the pinned part of the rat a retractor or a protractor?


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Name each of the pinned parts of the rat?


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Name and function of each labeled organ of the rat?


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ADDUCTORS


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Biology Lab Exam 1 Flashcards

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