Biology 4 Biology 4
Feb 11, 2016
Biology 4Biology 4
Biology 4Biology 4• Biophilia
What is Life?What is Life?
Properties of LifeProperties of Life
ReproductionReproduction
OrderOrder
Growth and DevelopmentGrowth and Development
Use EnergyUse Energy
Response to the EnvironmentResponse to the Environment
HomeostasisHomeostasis
Evolutionary AdaptationsEvolutionary Adaptations
Smallest Unit of LifeSmallest Unit of Life
• Cell or Virus????
Smallest Unit of Life – The CellSmallest Unit of Life – The Cell
• Prokaryotic Cells– DNA and Ribosomes– No nucleus– No membrane bound
Organelles• Eukaryotic Cells
– DNA and Ribosomes– Nucleus– Membrane bound
Organelles
Emergent PropertiesEmergent Properties
• Novel properties emerge that are not present at the level below
• Reductionism
Unity and DiversityUnity and Diversity
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Subatomic Particles• Atoms• Molecules• Organelles• Cells• Tissues• Organs• Organ Systems
• Organisms• Populations• Communities• Ecosystems• Biomes• Biosphere
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• K• P• C• O• F• G• S
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom - Animalia• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom - Animalia• Phylum - Chordata• Class• Order• Family• Genus• Species
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom - Animalia• Phylum - Chordata• Class - Aves• Order • Family• Genus• Species
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom - Animalia• Phylum - Chordata• Class - Aves• Order - Falconiformes• Family• Genus• Species
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom - Animalia• Phylum - Chordata• Class - Aves• Order - Falconiformes• Family - Accipitridae• Genus• Species
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom - Animalia• Phylum - Chordata• Class - Aves• Order - Falconiformes• Family - Accipitridae• Genus - Haliaeetus• Species
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom - Animalia• Phylum - Chordata• Class - Aves• Order - Falconiformes• Family - Accipitridae• Genus - Haliaeetus• Species - leucocephalus
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Kingdom - Animalia• Phylum - Chordata• Class - Aves• Order - Falconiformes• Family - Accipitridae• Genus - Haliaeetus• Species - leucocephalus
Biology HierarchyBiology Hierarchy• Domain• Kingdom• Phylum• Class• Order• Family• Genus • Species
DomainsDomains
Domain: BacteriaDomain: Bacteria
• Prokaryotic• Cell Walls -
Peptidoglycan• Most Bacteria
Domain: ArchaeaDomain: Archaea
• Prokaryotic• Extreme
Conditions• Make DNA
and Proteins like eukaryotic cells
Domain: EukaryaDomain: Eukarya
• Eukaryotic Cells
Kingdom: ProtistaKingdom: Protista
• Usually Unicellular• Some have Cell Walls
of Cellulose
Kingdom: FungiKingdom: Fungi
• Multicellular• Cell Walls of Chitin• Decomposers
Kingdom: PlantaeKingdom: Plantae
• Multicellular• Cell Walls of
Cellulose• Autotrophs
Kingdom: AnimaliaKingdom: Animalia
• Multicellular• No Cell Walls• Heterotrophs
What is What is Science?Science?
• Science = To Know• Science is a process
– Scientific Method
What is What is Science?Science?
• Science = To Know• Science is a process
– Scientific Method
Scientific MethodScientific Method• Observation
– Senses / Lit search• Hypothesis
– Testable and Repeatable– Null hypothesis – No significant difference– Alternative hypothesis – significant difference
• Experiment– Sample Size = 30– Control, change one variable– Threshold criterion (0.05)
• Analysis– Quantitative (Statistical testing)
• Conclusion
Are they the same?Are they the same?• Hypothesis• Theory• Law
Probability in ScienceProbability in Science
• Science eliminates possibilities
ProbabilityProbability in Science in Science
• Do the colors makethem harder to see?
• Is there a benefit lookinglike a poisonous species?
ProbabilityProbability in Science in Science
• Science eliminates possibilities
ProbabilityProbability in Science in Science
• Science eliminates possibilities
EvolutionEvolution
EvolutionEvolution• Change over time
Why isn’t Creationism taught Why isn’t Creationism taught in most science Classes?in most science Classes?
ThemesThemes
• The Cell• Heritable Info• Emergent
Properties• Regulation• Interaction
with the Environment
ThemesThemes• Energy and Life• Unity and
Diversity• Structure and
Function• Scientific
Inquiry• Science,
Technology, and Society
• Evolution