Biologically Inspired Optical Materials and Devices Harnessing Nature’s Light Manipulation Strategies for Dynamic Optical Materials Mathias Kolle @ Boston IEEE Photonics Society Meeting MIT Lincoln Laboratory May. 11 th , 2017
Biologically Inspired Optical Materials and Devices Harnessing Nature’s Light Manipulation Strategies
for Dynamic Optical Materials
Mathias Kolle
@
Boston IEEE Photonics Society Meeting MIT Lincoln Laboratory
May. 11th, 2017
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wild, vibrant species diversity
tough scrutiny
3.8 billion years
There surely are lessons to be learnt …
Youtube: “The Octopus and the Beer Bottle" Source: Nova - Kings of Camouflage
The broadclub cuttlefishAn acrobatic octopus
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Elasticity Controlled deformation
Optics Controlled appearance
Extended Papillae Retracted Papillae
Roger Hanlon
Allen et al. J. Morph. 275: 371 (2014)
Roger Hanlon
Chromatophores
Iridophores
Leucophores
Mätgher et al. J. R. Soc. Interface (2009) 6, S149–S163
Length scales relevant for functionality in nature
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Multifunctional materials require hierarchical morphologies
with 3D structure control from the nano- to the
macro-scaleimages courtesy of
http://www.quantum-immortal.net Tom Kleindinst (WHOI), Roger Hanlon
Shutterstock, Michel Villeneuve53 (Flickr) education.mrsec.wisc.edu
Tomahawk Beat PUPA Gilbert
Ling Li NIH
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complexity in composition
complexity in morphology
?emulate
utilize
man-made material systemsnatu
ral m
ater
ial s
yste
ms
1. Increasing the repertoire of materials for optical engineering: Which role can soft matter play in optical technology?
Three overarching goals in the
2. Pushing the limits of functionality directly at the materials level.Organisms in nature incorporate multiple functions on the materials level. Can we copy that efficiently?
L. Li et al. Science (2015)
3. Explore new paradigms in the fabrication of optical materials.Can we grow functional materials, with better control of structure across multiple length scales?
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Talk outline
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Sara Nagelberg
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Reconfigurable fluid compound micro-lenses
Nagelberg et al., Nature Communications 14673 (2017).
Using fluids to create bio-inspired, tunable, optical components
Using elastomers to create bio-inspired, tunable, optical components
Pressure indication in compression bandages with photonic fibers
Joseph Sandt
Sandt et al., in preparation (2017).
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Nagelberg et al. Nature Communications, 8, 14673 (2017).
Reconfigurable Emulsion-Based Micro-Lenses
Sara Nagelberg
Lauren Zarzar
Tim Swager
George Barbastathis
Collaborators:
Daniel Blank-schtein
VishnuSresht
Moritz Kreysing
Inspiration - vision of nocturnal mammals
Jochen GuckBioTec, Dresden
MoritzKreysing
MPI, Dresden
10Solovei et al. Cell, 137, 356-368 (2009).
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Emulsion morphologies can be controllably adjusted using surfactants
The emulsion drops can act as lenses
Lauren Zarzar
Sara Nagelberg
Micro-emulsions for micro-optics
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100 μm
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Quantifying variation of focal length
Sara Nagelberg
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Droplets
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Quantifying the lenses’ dynamic optical properties
Potential for applications
Toward 3D displays & integral imaging
Sara Nagelberg
Lauren Zarzar
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Summary
- useful inspiration for light manipulation can be gained from nature (sometimes it’s right in front of our eyes - or like in this case in our eyes)
- fluids can be assembled to have morphologies that emulate the key features of compound lenses and other optical components
- easily achieved morphological changes in fluid compound lenses allow us to tune the lenses’ optical properties using a variety of stimuli
- applications for display technology, imaging devices, wavefront sensing and shaping, and light management in solar energy conversion
Joseph Sandt
Biologically Inspired, Mechano-Sensitive, Color-Tunable Photonic Fibers
Andrew Milne
Jennifer Lewis
James Hardin
Collaborators:
Marcus Urann
Pete Vukusic
Chris Argenti
Marie Moudio
Optical and electron microscopy images acquired by Alfie Lethbridge und Prof. Peter Vukusic, University of Exeter, UK
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Mimetic fruits of the “Bastard hogberry” (Margeritaria nobilis)
A cheeky little fruit … “full of inspiration”
20µm10µm 500 nm
Pete Vukusic
AlfredLethbridge
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Bio-inspired mechano-responsive color-tunable photonic fibers
Key components in the fruit’s photonic structure:
Periodicity on the nanoscale: => color by constructive interference of light in selected wavelength ranges
Curvature on the microscale: => reflection of light into an increased angular range
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increasing layer thickness
Reflection
Transmission
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The reflection color of the fibers can be controlled by adjusting the film thicknesses in the initial double layer.
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The fiber color
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Microscopic appearance and spectral data
Corresponding spectroscopic signature
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ν = 0.46 ± 0.02λpeak = λ0
• (1+ ε) −νpeak
Kolle et al., Adv. Mater. 25, 2239 (2013)
Peak wavelength λPeak vs strain ε
Reversible and controlled color-tuning in elastically deformable photonic fibers
Microscopic appearance
J. KenjiClark
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Clustering of data points in CIE color space visualizes the homogeneity along fibers and the consistency in optical performance across fibers.
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Increasing strain
Joseph Sandt
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How can we tell the pressure inside the
bandage?
No effect
Optimal healing Adverse effects
Compression therapy
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How could the fibers be useful for this problem?
100µmincreasing strain
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“A bit of pressure is healthy.”
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Pressure vs. bandage strainWavelength vs. fiber strain
Moritz Kreysing
Acknowledgements
Joanna Aizenberg
Pete Vukusic
AlfredLethbridge
JamesHardin
Students
Andrew Milne
PostDocs
Financial support
Tim Swager
George Barbastathis
Daniel Blank-schtein
Sara Nagelberg
JenniferLewis
Lauren Zarzar
VishnuSresht
KaushikaramSubramanian
Chris Argenti
Joseph Sandt
MarieMoudio
Facu
lty
Institutes