Biological Storytelling A Software Tool for Biological Information Organization Based upon Narrative Structure Presented by Anjani K Dhrangadhariya Junior Student, M.S. Life Science Informatics Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology B-IT Allan Kuchinsky, Kathy Graham, David Moh, Annette Adler, Ketan Babaria, Michael L. Creech; Biological storytelling: a software tool for biological information organization based upon narrative structure; ACM Siggroup Bulletin 01/2002; DOI:10.1145/1556262.1556315 ISBN: 1-58113-537-8
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Biological storytelling: A Software Tool for Biological Information Organization Based upon Narrative Structure
Allan Kuchinsky, Kathy Graham, David Moh, Annette Adler, Ketan Babaria, Michael L. Creech; Biological storytelling: a software tool for biological information organization based upon narrative structure; ACM Siggroup Bulletin 01/2002; DOI:10.1145/1556262.1556315 ISBN: 1-58113-537-8
Presented by Anjani K Dhrangadhariya Junior Student, M.S. Life Science Informatics Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology B-IT
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Biological Storytelling
A Software Tool for Biological Information Organization Based upon Narrative Structure
Presented byAnjani K DhrangadhariyaJunior Student, M.S. Life Science InformaticsBonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology B-IT
Allan Kuchinsky, Kathy Graham, David Moh, Annette Adler, Ketan Babaria, Michael L. Creech; Biological storytelling: a software tool for biological information organization based upon narrative structure; ACM Siggroup Bulletin 01/2002; DOI:10.1145/1556262.1556315 ISBN: 1-58113-537-8
Way research really is
Your preference ?
or...This
✔ Protein A with 2 active sites interacts with Protein B having 1 active site and 1 allosteric site, in presence of co-enzyme X under high concentration of XYZ in ABC pathway and BBC temperature in XOX fish found in XXX ocean.
INTRODUCTION
● Drug designing/discovery and treatment for life threatening diseases is a mind mapping process which takes into account piecing together the story of how genes and proteins behave in pathway (in disease pathogenesis).
● Paradigm is Personalized medicine which involves taking into account peculiar genomic information and tailoring drugs for individuals according to their genetic makeup.
● Microarray: Made it possible for researchers to correlate gene expression with disease progression, screen for mutations, and treat patients according to their genetic profiles.
● Yu X, Schneiderhan-Marra N, Joos TO.;Protein microarrays forpersonalized medicine.; Clin Chem. 2010 Mar;56(3):376-87. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2009.137158. Epub 2010 Jan 14.
DNA Microarray
DNA microarray made Paradigm shift in Medicine possible and GAVE HUGE AMOUNT OF RAW DATA which remains to be sense of....by researchers
● Synthesis is a Greek word meaning "to put together"
● Procedure to combine separate elements or components in order to form a coherent whole
● Synthesis and Analysis task go hand in hand and complement each other.
● Every synthesis is built upon the results of a preceding analysis, and every analysis requires a subsequent synthesis in order to verify and correct its results.
● But this simply does not seem the case in Bioinformatics whereby huge number of Analysis softwares are available but synthesis softwares lack.
● Tom Ritchey.; Analysis and synthesis: On scientific method – based on a study by bernhard riemann.; Systems Research Volume 8, Issue 4, pages 21–41, December 1991; DOI: 10.1002/sres.3850080402
Synthesis task
(1) Keeping track of the diverse pieces of information,
(2) Organizing and using the diverse information,
(3) Formulating hypotheses and higher-level explanations,
(4) Sharing the information
Findings from User Research● The facts gathered and hypothesis formed during the synthesis task
were usually stored in form of printed web pages and were kept in binders but it did not serve at later date when information was required. (Finding a needle from haystack!!!!!!!!!!!)
● User research
– results came up that researchers particularly have difficulty in
keeping the track of diverse pieces of information. (Hence the
problem in synthesis task was identified)
● From user studies and other collaborative design sessions with researchers at Cancer Genetics lab, a number of themes for navigating and interacting with this huge amount of data was identified AND...
● Vicki O’Day, Annette Adler, Allan Kuchinsky, Anna Bouch.; When Worlds Collide: Molecular Biology as Interdisciplinary Collaboration; Proceedings of European Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Work (ECSCW2001), Bonn, Germany, 2001.
A Picture emerged which explained the Synthesis tasks involved in
Biological Researches
NARRATIVE
STRUCTURE
Piecing together the story
MADE SENSE
Aspects of User Research
● Connecting the dots “mind mapping”
● Information is in free form (Structure-less)
● Many researchers, many fields and many hypothesis
● Group work, multiple perspectives
● Solving the puzzle together
● Reasoning over data
● Sharing of data
The Role of Narrative Structure
Thorndyke: Comprehensibility and recall are were a function of amount of inherent plot
structure of the story, independent of the actual content.
Schank: When prior experience is indexed cleverly, we can call it to mind to
understand current situation. This process can lead to brand new insights.
● Thorndyke,P.W.; CognitiveStructures in Comprehension and Memory of Narrative Discourses; Cognitive Psychology, 9, 1977, pp.77-110
● Schank, R, Tell Me a Story: Narrative and Intelligence, North western University Press, 1990.
Middleton and Edwards: Telling stories preserves potentially arcane and
idiosyncratic pieces of information ...
Erickson: Depicts storytelling as an integral part of design. Stories have informalities that are well suited to lack of certainity
that characterises much design related knowledge.Stories also provide concrete examples that people
from vastly different backgrounds can relate to
● Middleton, D., and Edwards, E, Collective Remembering; SAGE Publications;1990.
● Erickson, T.; Notes on Design Practice. Stories and Prototypes as Catalysts for Communication, in Scenario Based Design: Envisioning Work and Technology in Systems Development (ed .J .Carroll), Wiley, 1995, pp.37-58
Birth of the ToolThus after applying above perspectives to user findings and drawing analogies, a prototype software tool was developed on the concept of STORY TELLING which utilizes Narrative Structure as framework and allows Biologists in their Synthesis tasks-
✔ Organize and use information
✔ Build hypothesis from data
✔ Construct alternative explantions from Biological Process
✔ share diverse information
(Labs are generally interdisciplinary with each researcher having varied field related terms e.g. KB = KiloByte for Computer Scientist and KB = KiloBase for a Biologist)
OVERVIEW OF THE SOFTWARE
Features provided by BIOLOGICAL STORYTELLING
● Free form database model
● Narrative framework
● Concrete social aspect of information sharing
● Creating alternative hypothesis with reasoning
● Semi-automatic clustering of biological entities
● Extensive cross references to public and proprietary data and literature
Elements
There are three connecting entitites in the free form data model of Biological Storytelling.