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IM Cats 0.5 ml Active Feline infectious leukemia. 80%improvement in symptoms in catstreated with extract for 3-6 months.
AM1074
Entire Plant WestIndies
Antitumor ActivityAntileukemic Activity
Hot H2O Ext Oral HumanAdult
15.0 ml Active Administered to one lymphaticleukemia patient. Caused amarked increase in hemoglobincontent of blood and decrease inWBC. Dosing 3 times daily for 62days.
A00706
Leaf Japan Antitumor Activity Hot H2O Ext Oral Mouse 0.5% Active Mammary tumors. AM1001
Entire Plant WestIndies
Antitumor Activity Hot H2O Ext IP Rat 0.4 mg WeakActivity
Sarcoma 180 (asc). Slight increasein lifespan.
A00706
Entire Plant USA Antitumor Activity H2O Ext IP Mouse Not stated Active P388 tumor cells. T09137
Active Inhibited protein synthesis inHodgkin’s disease and anaplasticlarge-cell lymphoma-derivedCD30+ cell lines.
AM1065
Entire Plant Antitumor Activity Fraction:Momordin
Mouse LD50=7mg/kg Active vs. mice xenografted with CD30+human ALCL. 3 day treatment withextract started 24 hours aftertransplantation, prevented tumordevelopment in 40% of cases anddelayed tumor growth rate inothers.
AM1065
Leaf Japan Antiproliferation Activity Hot H2O Ext Oral Mouse 0.5% Active Uterine adenomyosis. AM1001
Entire Plant Notstated
Cytostatic Activity Aqueous Ext Rat(prostate)
Not stated Active Blocked the growth of rat prostaticadenocarcinoma and (3H)thymidine incorporation into DNA.
AM1041
Entire Plant WestIndies
Cytotoxic Activity Hot H2O Ext Cell Culture 4.0 mg/ml Active Hep2 cells. A00706
Entire Plant Cytotoxic Activity Protein Fractuibs RatMice
Not stated Not stated Active vs. methylnitrosamine, methylmethane sulfonate andtetracycline-induced genotoxicity.
K17876
Leaf Puerto Rico Anticrustacean Activity ETOH(95%) Ext Not stated LD50=33.0 mcg/ml Active Artemia salina Assay system is intended topredict for antitumor activity.
L12432
Leaf Thailand Antitumor-promotingActivity
Cell Culture(RAJI cells)
200.0 mcg/ml StrongActivity
vs. 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate(tpa)-induced epstein-barrvirus early antigen activation.
L12243
Leaf Thailand Antitumor-promotingActivity
MEOH Ext Cell Culture(RAJI cells)
200.0 mg/ml StrongActivity
vs. EBV activation induced by HPA(40 ng/ml).
K25144
Leaf China Antiproliferation Activity MEOH Ext Cell Culture(Monocyte)
100.0 mcg/ml Active L13363
Leaf Turkey Immunostimulant Activity H2O Ext Human Adult Not stated Equiv Enhanced intracellular killing ofneutrophils.
J14375
Leaf China Immunostimulant Activity Not stated IP Mice 0.4 mg Active Increased interferon production. AM1068
Leaf China Immunostimulant Activity Not stated IV RabbitIV Mice
Not statedNot stated
ActiveActive
Type 1 interferon inducer.Enhanced natural killer cell activity.
AM1068
Leaf Turkey Chemotaxis Stimulation H2O Ext Human Adult 10.0 mg/ml Active J14375
Leaf Cuba Genotoxicity Activity Decoction Not stated 0.10 mg/ml Active Aspergillus nidulans Results significant at p < 0.01level.
K27017
Leaf Nigeria ATP-ase Inhibition ETOH (100%) Ext IG Rat 385.0 mg/kg Active L14997
Entire Plant WestIndies
DNA Synthesis Inhibition Hot H2O Ext Sea Urchin(Ova)
Leaf China Antiviral Activity H2O Ext IP Mice 0.4 mg Active vs. Japanese B encephalitis virus.Administered 18 hr, 12 hr and 4 hrbefore subcutaneous challengewith the virus protected the treatedgroup by 66%.
Oral Kitten 2 mg Active Kittns were injected several timeswith feline HIV. 100% of controlgroup developed feline HIV vs.20% of the group treated with theextract.
Cell Culture Not stated Active Inhibition of viral replication andreverse transcriptase activity. Lossof p24 antigen after 4 days ofexposure to momorcharin.
0.3 and 3 mu.g/ml Active T lymphocytes andmonocyte/macrophages.HIV infected cells showed a rapidand nearly complete loss of viralantigen; loss of HIV envelopeprotein or loss of HIV core protein.Uninfected cells largely unaffected.
AM1076
Entire Plant India AntihyperglycemicActivity
ETOH (95%) Ext IG Rat 250.0 mg/kg250.0 mg/kg
ActiveInactiveInactiveInactive
Inactive
vs. rats fasted for 18 hrs.vs. overfed rats.vs. glucose-inducedhyperglycemia.vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.vs. glucose-inducedhyperglycemia.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Flower + LeafThailand
AntihyperglycemicActivity
MEOH-H2O(1:1) Ext
IG Rat 30.0 mg/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia. Decreased bloodglucose levels by 25% 3 hrs afteradministration.
J11388
Entire Plant Bangladesh
Hyperglycemic Activity MEOH Ext IG Rat 150 mg Active Non-diabetic rats. Results weresignificant at 60 min.
K13947
Entire Plant India AntihyperglycemicActivity
ETOH(95%) Ext IG Rat 250.0 mg/kgDosing for 21 days.
Inactive vs. rats fasted for 18 hrs.vs. overfed rats.Vs. glucose-inducedhyperglycemia.vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.vs. glucose-inducedhyperglycemia.
M22670
Vine Puerto Rico Hypoglycemic Activity Hot H2O Ext Oral Rabbit Not stated Active A00637
Entire Plant India AntihyperglycemicActivity
ETOH(95%) Ext IG Rat 250.0 mg/kg Active vs. rats fasted for 18 hrs. M22670
Flower + LeafThailand
AntihyperglycemicActivity
MEOH-H2O(1:1) Ext
IG Rat 30.0 mg/kg Active Vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia. Decreased bloodglucose levels by 25% 3 hrs afteradministration.
J11388
Fruit + Leaf + StemTrinidad
AntihyperglycemicActivity
Decoction IP Mouse 0.5 ml Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia. Single dose of theextract reduced plasma glucoseconcentration by about 50% after 5hours.
M23565
Whole PlantBangladesh
Hypoglycemic Activity MEOH Ext IG Rat 150 mg Inactive vs. normal and IDDM rats. K13947
Flower + LeafThailand
Hypoglycemic Activity MEOH-H2O(1:1) Ext
IG Rat 10.0 mg/kg30.0 mg/kg
ActiveActive
Intraperitoneal glucose.Oral glucose.
J11388
Entire Plant India Hypoglycemic Activity ETOH-H2O (1:1) Ext
IG Rat 250.0 mg/kg Inactive K09153
Leaf Nigeria Glycolytic Effect ETOH(100%) Ext IG Rat (Liver) 385.0 mg/kg Active L14997
Leaf Nigeria Glycolytic Effect ETOH(100%) Ext IG Rat (Liver) 385.0 mg/kg Active L14997
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Entire Plant India Spasmolytic Activity ETOH-H2O(1:1) Ext
Rat Not stated Inactive Uterus(unspec.cond). K09153
Entire Plant India Analgesic Activity ETOH-H2O(1:1) Ext
IG Mouse Not stated Inactive vs. hot plate method.vs. tail clip method.
K09153
Entire Plant India Anticonvulsant Activity ETOH-H2O(1:1) Ext
IP Mouse Not stated Inactive vs. supramaximal electroshock-induced convulsions.
K09153
Leaf Nigeria Anticonvulsant Activity ETOH(70%) Ext IP Mouse Variable Inactive vs. metrazole-inducedconvulsions.vs. strychnine-inducedconvulsions.
T06510
Whole Plant OriginNot stated
Antiacne Activity Acidic Ext ExternalHuman Adult
Not stated Active Manages various grades of acne: comedos, papules, pustules andnodules. Also active againstfuruncles.
AM1073
Entire Plant Surinam Binding Effect ETOH (80%) Ext Human Adult 10.0 mcg/ml Inactive Did not inhibited radioligandbinding to serotonin, dopamine,beta-2-adrenergic or muscarinic receptors nor to adenosine NMDRreceptor channel complex.
J12451
Entire Plant Surinam Binding Effect ETOH(80%) Ext Human Adult 100.0 mcg/ml Active Inhibited radioligand binding toadrenergic-receptor in humanfrontal cortex.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit India AntispermatogenicEffect
ETOH (95%) Ext Oral Dog(Male)
1.75 gmDaily dosing for 40days.
Active Tubule diameter decreased to 167microns (220 = control). Testesexhibited variable degrees ofspermatogenic arrest, mainly atspermatid stage.
M01152
Fruit India AntispermatogenicEffect
ETOH (95%) Ext Oral Dog(Male)
1.75 gmDaily dosing for 60days.
Active Seminiferous tubules completelydevoid of spermatozoa: 75%completely lacked step 1-8spermatid.
M01152
Fruit India AntispermatogenicEffect
ETOH (95%) Ext Oral GerbilSC Gerbil (Male)
200.0 mg/kg200.0 mg/kgDaily dosing for 14days.
Active Resulted in reduction in testicularweight and disruption ofspermatogenesis without affectingseminal vesicle or prostrate.
M01152
Peel + Seed + FruitIndia
Translactational Effect Not stated Mice 100 microl Active Increased hepatic levels of GSTand acid soluble sulfhydryl inlactating dams (p<0.01) after 14 or21 days of treatment, andtranslactationally exposedneonates (p<0.05).
AM1022
Fruit India Hepatotoxic Activity Juice IG Rat Not stated Inactive J11478
Fruit Sri Lanka Respiration(cellular)inhibition
Juice GastricIntubation Rat
10.0 ml/kg Inactive T12703
Fruit Thailand Antitumor Activity Lyophilized Ext Oral Rat (Female)
6.25 % of diet WeakActivity
L04084
Fruit India Antitumor Activity Aqueous Ext Oral Mice Not stated Active Protected against the developmentof skin tumor and increased lifeexpectancy.
AM1010
Fruit India Antitumor Activity Aqueous Ext Oral Mice Not stated Active Reduced carcinogen-induced lipidperoxidation in the liver and DNAdamage in lymphocytes.
AM1010
Fruit India Antitumor Activity Aqueous Ext Oral Mice Not stated Active Activated liver enzymesglutathione-S-transferase,glutathione peroxidase andcatalase which were depressedafter carcinogen exposure.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit Philippines Antimutagenic Activity CCL4MEOH ExtPet Ether Ext
IG Mouse 5.0 mg/gm5.0 mg/gm5.0 mg/gm
ActiveInactiveActive
M24272
Fruit Thailand Antimutagenic Activity CHCL3 ExtHexane ExtMEOH Ext
Agar Plate 10.0 mg Inactive Salmonella typhimurium ta100vs.direct acting mutagens in theames mutagenicity test.
L04084
Fruit Thailand Antimutagenic Activity CHCL3 ExtHexane ExtMEOH Ext
Agar PlateAgar PlateAgar Plate
>1.0 mg<1.0 mg<5.0 mg
Active Salmonella typhimurium ta100vs. indirect acting mutagens in theames mutagenicity test.
L04084
Fruit Thailand Antimutagenic Activity ETOH(80%) Ext Agar Plate Variable Active Salmonella typhimurium ta100 vs. mutagenicity of b(alpha)p.
L14935
Fruit Thailand Antimutagenic Activity ETOH(80%) Ext Agar Plate Variable Active Salmonella typhimurium ta98.Inhibited the mutagenicity of IQ,MEIQ, MEIQX, PHIP, GLU-P-2 andAFB1.
L14935
Fruit India CarcinogenesisInhibition
H2O Ext External Mouse
100.0 mcl Active vs. DMBA-initiated, croton oilpromoted skin tumors.
J14866
Fruit Pulp India CarcinogenesisInhibition
H2O Ext External Mouse
100.0 mcl Active vs. DMBA-initiated, croton oilpromoted skin tumors.
J14866
Fruit Peel India CarcinogenesisInhibition
H2O Ext External Mouse
100.0 mcg Active vs. DMBA-initiated, croton oilpromoted skin tumors.
J14866
Seed India CarcinogenesisInhibition
H2O Ext External Mouse
100.0 mcl Active vs. DMBA -initiated, croton oilpromoted skin tumors.
J14866
Fruit Japan Tumor PromotionInhibition
MEOH Ext Cell Culture 200.0 mcg Inactive Virus-Epstein-barr vs. 12-o-hexadecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced epstein-barr virusactivation.
T15279
Fruit India Cell ProliferationInhibition
Not statedNot statedProtein Fraction
Cell CultureCell CultureCell Culture
Not statedNot statedNot stated
ActiveActiveActive
Hep2 cells.Sea urchin ova.
J11478
Fruit Thailand DNA Adduct FormationInhibition
ETOH(80%) Ext IG Rat 0.5 gm/kg Active vs. AOM-induced DNA adductformation.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Fruit IG Rat Not stated Active vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. J11478
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Juice IG Rabbit Not stated Active vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. J11478
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
FruitJuicePowder
Oral HumanAdult
Not stated Not statedNot stated
ActiveActiveActive
Review. Studies in NIDDM andIDDM patients.
J11478
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
ETOH(100%) ExtH2O Ext
IG Rat 400.0 mg400.0 mg
ActiveActive
L15207
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext Mouse 200.0 mg/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia. Mean reduction inplasma glucose levels of 15.37%(day 40), 18.68% (day 50) and22.86% (day 60).
L10702
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext Rat 200.0 mg/kg Active vs.alloxan-induced hyperglycemia.Mean reduction in plasma glucoselevels of 64.33% (1 month), 66.96%(2 months), 69.7% (3 months) and70.53% (4 months).
L10702
Fruit China AntihyperglycemicActivity
Decoction IG RatIP Rat
Not statedNot stated
ActiveActive
vs. alloxan- andstreptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
J17491
Fruit England AntihyperglycemicActivity
Fruit Oral HumanAdult
Not stated Active A diabetic woman recovered fromglycosuria after taking a kind ofcurry. Karela was believed to be anactive ingredient.
M22031
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Acetone Ext Oral Rat 250.0 mg/kg Active Fall in blood sugar of 49% in 30days. Blood sugar was maintainedwithin normal limits for 2 weeksafter treatment ceased. vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia.
M22671
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Benzene Ext IG Rabbit 1.0 gm/kg Active vs.glucose-induced hyperglycemia. M22131
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext IG Rat 1.0 gm Active Reduction of initial blood sugarlevel after 3 weeks from 220mg to105mg. vs. alloxan-inducedhyperglycemia.
K12995
Seed India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Not stated GI Rabbit LC50 =0 gm Active Streptozotocin-treated animals. T05236
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext Oral HumanAdult (Male)
1.0 gm Active The subjects included (433) severeto mild (260) diabetics, aged 42 to70 years. Blood sugar estimated2,3,4 & 7 weeks of treatment.Overall fall in blood sugar was54%. vs.alloxan-inducedhyperglycemia.
K12995
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Hot H2O Ext IG Rat 4.0 gm Active vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia.Inhibited cataract formation(dependent on blood sugar levels).
M23178
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Juice IG Rabbit 6.0 ml/kg ActiveActive
vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia.vs. glucose-induced hyperglycemia.
A14328
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Not stated Oral HumanAdult
100.0 gm Inactive Tested in 25 diabetics and 10control subjects. Daily dosing for 2weeks.
T06311
Fruit Kenya AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext IG Mouse 16.0 gm/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
M25031
Fruit Sri Lanka AntihyperglycemicActivity
Juice IG Rat 10.0 ml/kg Inactive Daily dosing for 30 days. vs.streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
T16092
Fruit Sri Lanka AntihyperglycemicActivity
Juice Oral HumanAdult
100.0 ml Notstated
Improved glucose tolerance in 73%of patients with maturity onsetdiabetes. Juice was given 30minutes before oral glucose load inthe glucose tolerance test.
T12706
Fruit Turkey AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext IG Mouse(Male)
0.5 gm/kg Active Significant decrease in nonfastingblood glucose levels ofhyperglycemia induced mice.Results significant at p < 0.01 level.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit England AntihyperglycemicActivity
Fruit Oral HumanAdult
0.23 kg/day Active Improved glucose tolerance indiabetic patients. Treatment for 8 to11 weeks. Results significant at p <0.05 level.
T12686
Pulp Barisal AntihyperglycemicEffect
Aqueoushomogenizedsuspension
Human Adult Not stated Active Reduction (p<0.001) of fasting andpost-prandial serum glucose levelsseen in 86% of non-insulindependent diabetic subjects afteroral glucose intake.
AM1013
Seed Japan AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext IG Rat 100.0 mg/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
L12140
Seed India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Decoction Oral HumanAdult
Variable Inactive A14461
Seed Japan AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext IG Rat 100.0 mg/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
L12140
Seed India AntihyperglycemicActivity
MEOH Ext Oral Rat 10.0 mg/kg Active vs. adrenaline inducedhyperglycemia.
T14966
Fruit Pulp Bangladesh
AntihyperglycemicActivity
JuiceMEOH Ext
IG RatIG Rat
2.5 gm/kg2.5 gm/kg
InactiveActive
vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
K13947
Fruit Pulp Japan AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext IG Rat 100.0 mg/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
L12140
Roasted Fruit PulpJapan
AntihyperglycemicActivity
H2O Ext IG Rat 100.0 mg/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
L12140
Fruit India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Benzene Ext IG Rabbit 1.0 gm/kg Active vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. H24172
Fruit Egypt AntihyperglycemicActivity
Juice IG Rat Not stated Active J10963
Fruit Juice India AntihyperglycemicActivity
Hot H2O Ext Oral Rat(Male)
5.0 ml/kg Equiv vs. anterior pituitaryextract-induced hyperglycemia.
A07232
Fruit Juice England AntihyperglycemicActivity
Juice Oral HumanAdult
50.0 ml Active Improved glucose tolerance indiabetic patients. Treatment for 8 to11 weeks. Results significant at p <0.01 level.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit Juice India Hypoglycemic Activity Juice IG Rabbit 500.0 mg Inactive A14310
Fruit Juice India Hypoglycemic Activity Not stated IG Rabbit 200.0 mg500.0 mg
InactiveInactive
W00276
Fruit Pulp Sri Lanka Hypoglycemic Activity Juice GastricIntubation Rat
10.0 ml/kg Active T08396
Fresh Fruit Egypt Hypoglycemic Activity Juice IG Rat Not stated Active J10963
Fruit PulpBangladesh
Hypoglycemic Activity Juice IG Rat 2.5 mg/kg Active Extract fed 45 minutes before theoral glucose load.
K13947
Fruit Pulp Bangladesh
Hypoglycemic Activity MEOH Extsaponin free
IG Rat 2.5 gm/kg Active Non-diabetic rats. Result significantat 60-120 min.
K13947
Fruit PulpBangladesh
Hypoglycemic Activity MEOH Extsaponin free
IG Rat 2.5 mg/kg Active NIDDM rats. Hypoglycemic effectin fasting and postprandial states.
K13947
Fruit PulpBangladesh
Hypoglycemic Activity Juice IG Rat 2.5 mg/kg Inactive IDDM rats. K13947
Seed + WholePlant Bangladesh
Hypoglycemic Activity MEOH ExtMEOH Ext
IG Rat 2.5 mg/kg InactiveInactive
A saponin-free extract had no effectin normal and IDDM rats.
K13947
Seed India Hypoglycemic Activity ETOH-H2O(1:1)ExtMEOH ExtSaline Ext
Oral RatOral RatOral Rat
20.0 mg/kg10.0 mg/kg20.0 mg/kg
ActiveActiveActive
T14966
Fruit + Leaf + StemTrinidad
Hypoglycemic Activity Decoction IP Mouse(Male)
0.3 ml Active 1.0 ml of extract was equivalent to10 gm of dried plant material. Following a single dose of theextract, basal plasma glucoseconcentrations were reduced after4 and 8 hours. Glucose tolerancewas also improved 8 hr afterdosing. Plasma insulin levels wereunaffected by the extract.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit + Leaf + StemTrinidad
Hypoglycemic Activity Decoction inDrinking Water
Mouse (Male) 0.2% Inactive Daily dosing of the extract for 13days followed by IP glucosetolerance. Plasma glucose andplasma insulin were measured.There was no significant alterationof body weight, food intake, fluidintake or plasma concentrations ofglucose or insulin. Glucosetolerance, measured on day 13,was improved by treatment.
M23565
Fruit Turkey Hypoglycemic Activity ETOH-H2O(1:1)ExtH2O Ext
IG Mouse(Male)
0.5 gm/kg0.5 gm/kg
InactiveInactive
K18219
Fruit Pakistan Hypoglycemic Activity Fruit IG Rabbit 0.5 gm/kg Active M22028
Fruit Pakistan Hypoglycemic Activity Not stated IG Rabbit Not stated Active L03572
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity Fruit IG Mouse Not stated Active J11478
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity Juice IG Rat Not stated Active vs. ant.pituitary extract-inducedhyperglycemia.
J11478
Fruit China Hypoglycemic Activity Not stated
Juice
IV Rabbit
GastricIntubation Rabbit
12.0 microcuries/kg
Active
Active
vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. T08662
Fruit China Hypoglycemic Activity Not stated Mouse Not stated Active Tested in diabetic mice. T08662
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity Decoction IG Rabbit 200.0 mg/kg Active A14458
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity ETOH(95%) Ext IG Rat 500.0 mg/kg Active In streptozotocin-induced diabeticrats it improved oral glucosetolerance and reduced plasmaglucose by 26% at 3.5 hrs(metformin caused 45-50%reduction at 1, 2 and 3.5 hrs).
K27156
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity ETOH(95%) Ext IG Rat(Female)
250.0 mg/kg Active Potentiation by using three plants incombination.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity ETOH-H2O(1:1)Ext
IG Rat 250.0 mg/kg Active K09153
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity H2O Ext Rat (Female) 250.0 mg/kg Active Potentiation effect if used with C.longa and E. officinalis.
K19538
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity H2O Ext Oral Rabbit 10.0 mg/kg Active Drop in blood sugar of 15 mgrelative to inert-treated control.
A14379
Fruit Jamaica Hypoglycemic Activity Hot H2O Ext GastricIntubationDog
200.0 ml WeakActivity
Dose = 20 gm of air-dried plantmaterial.
T07170
Fruit Thailand Hypoglycemic Activity Glycoside MixtureLyophilized ExtLyophilized Ext
RabbitRabbitRabbit
10.0 mg/kg1.2 gm/kg400.0 mg/kg
Active InactiveInactive
P00096
Fruit Thailand Hypoglycemic Activity Hot H2O Ext Rabbit 5 mg/kg10 mg/kg20 mg/kg
Inactive P00050
Fruit Japan Hypoglycemic Activity PowderPowder
Oral Rat (Male)
1.0 % of diet1.0 % of diet
Active
Inactive
Serum vs. fed cholesterol-freediets.Serum vs. fed cholesterol- enricheddiets.
L11054
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity Fruit Oral HumanAdult
15.0 gm/day Equiv The dose was given for 21 days.The fall in blood sugar was 25% ofthe initial level; however statisticallyis insignificant. The overall fall inblood sugar was 25%.
K12995
Fruit India Hypoglycemic Activity Juice IG Rabbit 6.0 ml/kg Active A14328
Fruit Israel Glucose AbsorptionInhibition
Aqueous HighSpeedSupernatant
Rat (Intestine,small)
50.0 mcl Active T12135
Fruit Brazil Glucose AbsorptionInhibition
Aqueous HighSpeedSupernatant
Rat(Adipocytes)
50.0 mcl Inactive T12135
Fruit Kenya Glucose AbsorptionInhibition
H2O Ext IG Mouse 16.0 gm Inactive vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit India GluconeogenesisInhibition
JuiceETOH(95%) Ext
Kidney Liver
Not statedNot stated
EquivActive
J11478
Fruit Juice SriLanka
GluconeogenesisInhibition
Hot H2O Ext Kidney Not stated Inactive M17655
Fruit Juice SriLanka
Liver Glycogen Increase Hot H2O Ext Liver Not stated Active Muscle glycogen levels alsoincreased.
M17655
Fruit India Enzyme Modulation H2O Ext RatMouse
200 mg Active In streptozotocin-induced diabeticmice and alloxanized-induceddiabetic rats, momordica restoredhepatic and skeletal muscleglycogen content, hepaticglucokinase, hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate andphosphofructokinase.
L10702
Fruit India Fructose DiphosphataseInhibition
ETOH(95%) Ext IG Rat 200.0 mg/kg Active Activity decreased 20%. K11849
Fruit India Glucose-6-phosphat-aseInhibition
ETOH(95%) Ext IG Rat 200.0 mg/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia. Activity decreased23%.
K11849
Fruit India Glucose-6-phosph-ateDehydrogenaseStimulation
ETOH(95%) Ext IG Rat 200.0 mg/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
K11849
Fruit Israel Glucose OxidaseInhibition
ETOH(95%) Ext Rat(Adipocytes)
125.0 mg/ml Active Liver homogenates. T12135
Fruit Brazil Glucose OxidaseInhibition
Supernatant Rat(Adipocytes)
50.0 mcl Active T12135
Fruit Brazil Glucose OxidaseInhibition
Supernatant Rat 50.0 mcl Active Liver homogenates. T12135
Fruit Brazil Hexokinase Inhibition Supernatant Rat 50.0 mcl Active Liver homogenates. T12135
Fruit Israel Hexokinase Inhibition ETOH (95%) Ext Rat 125.0 mg/ml Active Liver homogenates. T12135
Fruit Sri Lanka Liver & MuscleGlycogen Increase
Juice GI Rat 10.0 ml/kg Active Results significant at p < 0.01 level. T12703
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit Pulp India Glycogenic Effect ETOH (95%) Ext IG Rat 500 mg/kg Active 4-5-fold increase in the rate ofglycogen synthesis.
K27156
Fruit India AntipancreatotoxicActivity
Powder IG Rat(Pancreas)
1.0 gm/kg Active Treatment significantly counteredloss of islets and beta cells. Vs.streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
J14657
Fruit Juice UnitedArab Emirates
Miscellaneous Effects Fruit Juice IG Rat (Male) 10.0 ml/kg Active Study of the effect of fruit juice onthe increase of alpha, beta, andgamma cells in pancreas ofstreptozotocin-induced diabeticrats. There was a significantincrease in beta and delta cells.
L03902
Fruit India Analgesic Activity MEOH Ext Mouse Not stated Active J11478
Fruit India Analgesic Activity ETOH-H2O Ext IG Mouse Not stated Inactive K09153
Seed India Analgesic Activity MEOH Ext SC MouseSC Rat
ED50=5.0 mg/kg ActiveEquiv
Dose given 30 min beforechallenge to both rat and mouse.Naloxone did not inhibit effect. Vs. acetic acid-induced writhing.
M25712
Fruit India Anticonvulsant Activity ETOH-H2O Ext IP Mouse Not stated Inactive vs. hot plate method.vs. tail clip method.
K09153
Fruit Nigeria Anticonvulsant Activity ETOH(70%) Ext IP Mouse Variable Inactive vs. metrazole-induced convulsions.vs. strychnine-induced convulsions.
T06510
Fruit India Spasmolytic Activity ETOH-H2O Ext Rat Not stated Inactive Uterus (unspec.cond). K09153
Fruit India Uterine RelaxationEffect
ETOH-H2O Ext Rat (Female) Not stated Inactive Uterus (non-preg). T02678
Fruit India AntiinflammatoryActivity
Not stated Rat Not stated Active vs. carrageenan-induced pedaledema.
J11478
Fruit Turkey Antiulcer Activity ETOH(95%) ExtHexane ExtCHCL3 ExtEssential Oil
IG Rat 500.0 mg/kg500.0 mg/kg500.0 mg/kg500.0 mg/kg
vs. 80% ethanol-induced ulcers.vs. DDC-induced ulcerogenesis.vs. HCL/ethanol-induced ulcers.vs. 80% ethanol-induced ulcers. vs. 80% ethanol-induced ulcers.vs. HCL/ethanol-induced ulcers.
L09878
Fruit India Diuretic Activity ETOH-H2O Ext IG Rat 510.7 mg/kg Inactive vs. supramaximalelectroshock-induced convulsions.
K09153
Fruit India AntihyperuricemicAcitiviy
Acetone Ext Oral Rat 250.0 mg/kg Inactive vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. M22671
Fruit India Hypothermic Activity ETOH-H2O Ext IG Rat Not stated Inactive K09153
Seed India Cholesterol LevelIncrease
H2O Ext IG RatIP Rat
250.0 mg/kg Active J19694
Fruit India HypercholesterolemicActivity
Not stated IG Dog 1.75 gm Active J11478
Fruit India Antihypercholesterol-emic Activity
Acetone Ext Oral Rat 250.0 mg/kg Active vs. alloxan-induced hyperglycemia. M22671
Fruit India Antihypercholesterol-emic Activity
Fruit Powder Oral HumanAdult (Male)
2.0 gm Active Ten mild diabetic patients (23-28years old) were used in the study.11 day treatment.
M27532
Fruit Japan Hypolipemic Activity Powder Oral Rat (Male)
1.0 % of diet Inactive
ActiveActive
Serum vs.fed cholesterol-freeand-enriched diets. Elevated HDL levels.Reduced total cholesterol andtriglyceride levels in both thepresence and absence of dietarycholesterol.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit Turkey HypocholesterolemicActivity
Juice IG Rat (Male) 10.0 ml/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-induced type-1diabetes. Over a 10 week periodmomordica returned to normal theincreased cholesterol, triglyceridesand phospholipids and LPO andmalonedialdehyde as well as thereduced HDL.
L18419
Fruit Japan HypocholesterolemicActivity
Powder Oral Rat (Male)(Liver)
1.0 % of diet Active In the presence and absence ofdietary cholesterol.
L11054
Oil Japan HypocholesterolemicActivity
Oil Oral Rat 2% Active
Inactive
Reduced free cholesterol.Increased HDL.No change in total cholesterol.
AM1005
Freeze Dried FruitJapan
HypotriglyceridemiaActivity
Powder Oral Rat (Male)
1.0 % of diet Active Liver vs. fed cholesterol-freeand-enriched diets.
L11054
Fruit Turkey HypotriglyceridemiaActivity
Juice IG Rat (Male) 10.0 ml/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-induced type-1diabetes.
L18419
Fruit Hong Kong Antilipolytic Activity Acetone Ext Rat(Adipocytes)
500.0 mcg Active vs. Acta- Epinephrine bitartrate-and Glucagon- induced lipolysis.
T11178
Seed India Lipolytic Effect Seeds GastricIntubation Rabbit
3.0 gm Active In streptozotocin-treated animals. T05236
Seed Hong Kong Antilipolytic Activity Acetone Ext Rat(Adipocytes)
500.0 mcg Active vs. Acta- and epineparinebitartrate- induced lipolysis.
T11178
Fruit Japan Lipid PeroxideFormation Inhibition
Not stated IG Rat(CerebralCortex)
100.0 mg Active vs. Fe(3+)-induced peroxidation. K27939
Fruit India Lipid PeroxideFormation Stimulation
ETOH(100%) Ext IG Mouse(Male) (Heart)
400.0 mg/kg Active L10141
Fruit India Glycogen ContentIncreased
Juice Liver Not stated Active J11478
Fruit Juice India Apoptosis Inhibition Juice Cell Culture 0.1% Active vs. RIN cells. vs. .streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit + Seeds HongKong
Antilipolytic Activity Acid-ETOH Ext Adipocytes Variable Active Inhibited lipolysis. T13897
Fruit Juice SriLanka
Hyperlipidemic Activity Hot H2O Ext Adiposetissue
Not stated Active vs. triglyceride content of adiposetissue.
M17655
Seed India Lipogenesis Stimulation ETOH(95%) ExtH2O Ext Saline Ext
Adipocytes Not statedNot stated Not stated
ActiveActiveActive
J11478
Fruit India Lipogenesis Stimulation ETOH(95%) ExtH2O ExtSaline Ext
AdipocytesAdipocytesAdipocytes
Not statedNot statedNot stated
ActiveActiveActive
J11478
Fruit India Radical ScavengingEffect
Juice Not stated Not stated Active J11478
Fruit Japan Radical ScavengingEffect
Not stated Not stated IC50=0.83 mg/ml Active Fenton reaction assay. K27939
Fruit Japan Radical ScavengingEffect
Not stated Not stated IC50=4.5 mcg/ml Active Diphenyl picrylhydralazine assay. K27939
Fruit Japan Superoxide RadicalScavenging Activity
Not stated Not stated IC50=0.6 mg/ml Active Hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidasesystem.
K27939
Fruit Juice India Oxygen RadicalInhibition
Juice Not stated 0.1 ml Active A heat, acid and alkali-stablecomponent of extract acted asscavenger of both superoxide andhydroxy radicals. At the givenconcentration 90.16% scavengingof superoxide seen.
T16453
Fruit Juice India Oxygen RadicalInhibition
Juice Not stated 0.33 ml Active A heat, acid and alkali-stablecomponent of extract acted asscavenger of both superoxide andhydroxy radicals. At the givenconcentration 87.70% scavengingof hydroxy radical seen.
T16453
Fruit Juice India Antioxidant Activity Juice Cell Culture 1.0%5.0%
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Oil Japan Oxidative Activity Oil Oral Rat 2% Active Increase in hyperoxides, possiblydue to the occurrence of c9,t11-18:2 in liver.
AM1005
Fruit Juice India Antioxidant Activity Juice IG Mouse(Male)
10.0 ml/kg Active vs. streptozotocin-inducedhyperglycemia.
L12020
Fruit Japan Antioxidant Activity Not stated Rat (CerebralCortex)
1.0 mg/ml Active Fe(2+)/ascorbate-induced oxidativedamage.
K27939
Fruit United ArabEmirates
Antioxidant Activity Juice Rat Not stated Active Reversed the effect of chronicdiabetes on P450-dependentmonooxygenase activities andglutathione-dependent oxidativestress related lipid peroxidation andglutathione-S-transferase activities.
AM1015
Fruit United ArabEmirates
Antioxidant Activity Juice Rat Not stated Active A 65% decrease in hepaticglutathione (GSH) content andglutathione-S-transferase (GST)activity and an increase in brainGSH and GST activity observed indiabetic rats. Renal GST wasreduced while GSH remainedslightly higher than controls.
AM1015
Fruit Nigeria CNS DepressantActivity
ETOH(70%) Ext IP Mouse Variable Active T06510
Fruit India Thyroxine LevelDecrease
ETOH(100%) Ext IG Mouse(Male)(Serum)
400.0 mg/kg Active L10141
Fruit India Triiodothyronine(T3)Level Decrease
ETOH(100%) Ext IG Mouse(Male)(Serum)
400.0 mg/kg Active L10141
Seed India Androgenic Effect H2O Ext IG Rat (Male) 250.0 mg/kg Active Measured by changes in accessoryreproductive organs. Weight ofepididymis, prostate gland, seminalvesicle and levator ani increased.
Part -Origin Activity Tested For Type Extract Test Model Dosage Result Notes/Organism tested Ref #
Fruit India Superoxide DismutaseInhibition
ETOH(100%) Ext IG Mouse(Male) (Heart)
400.0 mg/kg Active L10141
Fruit China Aminopyrine-–de-methylase Inhibition
Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
15.0 % of diet Inactive Microsomes-rat-liver. J18457
Fruit Thailand Aminopyrine-–de-methylase Inhibition
Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
12.5 % of diet Inactive Microsomes-rat-liver. J18457
Fruit Thailand Aniline HydroxylaseInhibition
Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
12.5 % of diet Inactive Microsomes-rat-liver. J18457
Fruit China Aniline HydroxylaseInhibition
Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
15.0 % of diet Inactive Microsomes-rat-liver. J18457
Seed Japan Alpha-glucosidaseInhibitory Activity
MEOH Ext Rat(smallintestine)
Not stated Active AM1002
Fruit China BenzopyreneMetabolism Inhibition
Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
15.0 % of diet Inactive Microsomes-rat-liver s-9 fractionsfrom animals fed fruit inhibitedbenzo[a]pyrene-inducedmutagenicity towards salmonellatyphimurium.
J18457
Fruit Thailand BenzopyreneMetabolism Inhibition
Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
12.5 % of diet Active Microsomes-rat-liver s-9 fractionsfrom animals fed fruit inhibitedbenzo[a]pyrene-inducedmutagenicity towards salmonellatyphimurium.
J18457
Fruit China Aflatoxin Inactivation Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
15.0 % of diet Inactive Microsomes-rat-liver s-9 fractionsfrom animals fed fruit inhibitedaflatoxin-b-1-induced mutagenicitytowards salmonella typhimuriu.
J18457
Fruit Thailand Aflatoxin Inactivation Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
12.5 % of diet Active S-9 fractions from animals fed fruitinhibited aflatoxin-b-1- inducedmutagenicity towards salmonellatyphimurium.
J18457
Fruit China Glutathione-s-trans-ferase Induction
Fruit Oral Rat (Male)
15.0 % of diet Inactive Microsomes-rat-liver. J18457
Agar Plate Not stated Actve Escherichia coliPseudomonas aeruginosaSalmonella typhosaSarcina luteaShigella dysenteriae
P00093
Fruit Thailand Antibacterial Activity Pet Ether Ext Agar Plate Not stated Inactive Bacillus subtilisEscherichia coliPseudomonas aeruginosaSalmonella typhosaSarcina luteaShigella dysenteriaeStaphylococcus aureus
P00093
Seed India Antibacterial Activity ETOH(95%) ExtH2O Ext