Biogeochemical cycles lecturer

BioBiogeogeochemicchemical al CyclesCycles

by : Peris T. Khorshid by : Peris T. Khorshid KUKURRDEDE

An ecosystem survives by a combination of energy flow and matter recycling

Biogeochemical cycle Biogeochemical cycle is a pathway by which a is a pathway by which a chemical substance moves through both biotic ( moves through both biotic (biosphere) and abiotic () and abiotic (lithosphere, , atmosphere, , and and hydrosphere) compartments of ) compartments of Earth. .

A cycle is a A cycle is a series of series of change change which comes which comes back to the back to the starting starting point and point and which can be which can be repeated.repeated.

Global Recycling1.Nutrients are the elements and compounds that organisms need to live, grow, and reproduce.2.Biogeochemical cycles move these substances through air, water, soil and living organisms.

Important biogeochemical cycles are:Important biogeochemical cycles are:

1.1.Water cycleWater cycle2.2.Nitrogen cycleNitrogen cycle3.3.Oxygen cycleOxygen cycle4.4.Phosphorus cyclePhosphorus cycle5.5.Sulfur cycleSulfur cycle6.6.Carbon cycleCarbon cycle

Water cycleWater cycleWhat is the water cycle? Did you know that there is no new water on Earth?

It all gets recycled and reused in a process that we call the water cycle. The water cycle is a way that water moves all around the Earth. It never stops and doesn't really have a beginning or an end. It's like a big circle.

water is made up of molecules of oxygen and hydrogen atoms, H2O .As water goes through its cycle, it can be a solid (ice), a liquid (water), or a gas (water vapor)

The important thing is that the amount of heat energy determines whether our H2O molecules are a solid, liquid or gas. Adding or subtracting heat energy can cause water to change from one phase to another , like ice or liquid or gas, And this is exactly what happens in the water cycle..

The water cycle is made up of four main parts:

1.Evaporation2.Transpiration3.Condensation4.Precipitation

EvaporationThe vapor rises

CondensationThe Clouds form

PrecipitationThe rain falls

TranspirationThe movement through plants

1- Evaporation Water can be in the atmosphere, Water can be in the atmosphere, on the land, in the ocean, and on the land, in the ocean, and even underground. even underground. Most water vapor gets into the Most water vapor gets into the atmosphereatmosphere by a process called by a process called evaporation. This process turns . This process turns the water that is at the top of the the water that is at the top of the ocean, rivers, and lakes into , rivers, and lakes into water vapor in the atmosphere water vapor in the atmosphere using energy from the Sunusing energy from the Sun

2- Transpiration Process that happens through plantsAs plants absorb water from the soil, the water moves from the roots through the stems to the leaves Once the water reaches the leaves, some of it evaporates from the leaves, adding to the amount of water vapor in the air.

3- CondensationThe water vapor rises in the The water vapor rises in the atmosphere and cools, and cools,

forming tiny water droplets.  Those water droplets forming tiny water droplets.  Those water droplets make up make up clouds. If those tiny water droplets . If those tiny water droplets combine with each other they grow larger and combine with each other they grow larger and eventually become too heavy to stay in the air. Then eventually become too heavy to stay in the air. Then they fall to the ground as they fall to the ground as rain, , snow, and other types , and other types of of precipitation..

condensation

4- Precipitation Process of when water in the atmosphere falls to the earth’s surface

Sleet

hail

Rain

snow

Most of the precipitation that Most of the precipitation that falls becomes a part of the falls becomes a part of the ocean or part of rivers, and or part of rivers, and lakes, that eventually lead to lakes, that eventually lead to the ocean. Some of the snow the ocean. Some of the snow and ice that falls as and ice that falls as precipitation stays at the Earth precipitation stays at the Earth surface in surface in glaciers and other and other types of ice. types of ice. Rainwater is also soaked up by the soil, through a process called infiltration. seeps seeps into the ground and becomes a into the ground and becomes a part of the groundwater.part of the groundwater.

4-Water cycling affects the climate, transports minerals, purifies water, and replenishes the land with fresh water. 5-Acts as an agent of energy transfer and use. Water is a tremendous factor in neutralizing heat radiations of sunlight, so also acts as a 'temperature buffer'.