Biogas Iit Presentation 2010 Vimp

International Training Programme on “Biogas Production, Purification and Power Generation

for Commercial Technology Packages

Government Programmes & Schemes on Biogas in India

Dr. A.R. ShuklaAdviser (Bio-energy)

Ministry of New and Renewable EnergyEmail: [email protected]

IIT Delhi

25th October, 2010

03-Nov-10 2

Methane (Green house gas) released fromthree Landfills of Delhi during 2008: 74,000 tonnes(Indian Express 29.01.2010)

Effect of methane is higher thanfrom CO2 by: 21 timesPercentage of methane in harmful green house gas: 18%(approx.)Annual CO2 Emission Reduction from 0.15 million biogas plants: 0.7053 million tonnesExpected Annual CER from 0.150 million biogas plants: `0.75 millionExpected Annual Return through CER from 0.15 million Biogas $3.750 millionPlants @ US $5

Biogas- Fertilizer Plants: Most Potent tool to Handle Methane- a Green house gas

Ministry of New and Renewable EnergyBio-energy Technology Development Group

Biogas Dissemination Programmes:• National Biogas and Manure Management

Programme (NBMMP).• Biogas Based Distributed/Grid Power Generation

Programme.• Recovery of Energy from Industrial Wastes.• Recovery of Energy from Urban Wastes.

Ministry of New and Renewable EnergyBio-energy Technology Development Group

Biogas R&D and Technology Demonstration Programme:• Demonstration of Integrated Technology Package on

Biogas-Fertilizer Plants (BGFP) for Generation,Purification/ Enrichment, Bottling and PipedDistribution of Biogas.

• Establishment of Business Model for Demonstration ofan Integrated Technology Package for creation ofsmokeless villages using biogas/ bio-energy systems andmeeting ‘Life-line Energy’ envisaged in ‘IntegratedEnergy Policy’

• R&D and technology development in biogas, bio-fertilizer and bio-energy refinery.

NPBD/ NBMMP Launched in 1981.

Estimated potential of biogas plants: 12 million Nos.

Cumulative Biogas plants installed: 4.27 million (35.5%)

Envisaged Target for 11th Plan: 0.64 million plants (1.4 million m3)

National Biogas and Manure Management Programme (NBMMP): Achievement

6

Approved CFA under National Biogas and Manure Management Programme for 11th Plan

Category CFA (2-4 m3

Plant) (Rs.)CFA (1 m3 Plant)

(Rs.)

1. NER States `14,700/- `14,700/-

2. Notified hilly areas, J&K and Plain areas of Assam

`10,000/- `9,000/-

3. All other States `8,000/- `4,000/-

4. Support for Training courses

`2000 – 67,500/-

5. Turn key Job-fee `1500/-

• To harness near total potential of loose and leafy biomasswaste, cattle dung and waste from kitchens and gardens inrural areas for installation of medium and large sizebiogas-fertilizer plants.

• Purification/ enrichment of bottling of biogas to replacePNG/ CNG/ LPG.

• To produce, upgrade and package high quality bio-fertilizer through vermi-composting and other technologiesfrom digested slurry of BGFP

• To establish self-sustainable entrepreneurial model forinstallation of such plants in villages, gaushalas, dairies,eating joints, restaurants, hostels and institutions.

Biogas-Fertilizer Plant Demonstration Projects: Objectives

Biogas-Fertilizer Plant Demonstration Projects: Potential

Medium size Biogas-Fertilizer Plant (200-1000 m3):• Estimated Potential: 0.1-0.6 million nos.• 11 nos. of Projects sanctioned• MNRE support: 50% cost of the project (excluding cost of Land)

• For one lakh nos. of projects(average 200m3 capacity)

1. Estimated biogas generation: 20.0 million m3/day2. Annual Estimated LPG equivalent: 9.216 million kg/day3. Annual Estimated bio-fertilizer prod.: 109.5 million tonne

• Estimated cost of an Integrated 200-1000 m3 BGFP Project (costwill vary on plant size taken up): `4.0-16.0 million.

• Raw Biogas in the range of 200m3 – 1000 m3 per day, which maybe equivalent to about 90 Kg- 450 Kg of LPG/CNG Per day.

Large Sized Biogas-Fertilizer Plant Demonstration Projects

Proposals have been received under Demonstration of‘Integrated Technology Package on BGFPs for generation,purification, bottling and piped distribution of biogas in thecapacity range of 1,100– 20,000 m3 and above in response toEOI of the Ministry.

* Excluding cost of land.

Sl. No. Biogas GenerationCapacity (m3)

CFA for Biogas Purification,Bottling/ Distribution Applications*

1. 1,100 - 5,000 40% of the cost of the project

2. 5,100 - 10,000 35% of the cost of the project

3. 10,100 - 20,000 and above 30% of the cost of the project

Main Components of Biogas-Fertilizer Plants (BGFPs)

• Slurry/ Feed-stock preparation systems.• BGFP Digester.• Biogas Purification/ Enrichment and Safety Systems.• Biogas bottling and piped distribution for various

applications.• CO2 bottling and utilization.• Slurry processing/ for recycling of water.• Vermi-composting and slurry management system.• Bio-fertilizer upgradation and packaging.• Marketing and supply management of Bio-fertilizers.

Biogas Digester design and sizing suitable for multi –feed stock

• Up flow Sludge Anaerobic Blanket (USAB)• Modified USAB• CSTR• BARC-NISARGRUNA• Any other

Biogas Upgradation/ Enrichment Technology

• Water scrubbing – using high/ low pressure• Biological Scrubbing • Chemical scrubbing• Membrane separation• Pressure Swing Adsorption, Molecular sieves• Cryogenic Separation

• Based on water scrubbing method a wet scrubber has been designed and developed at IIT, New Delhi.

• Up to 95% CO2 removal is observed when compresses biogas is fed into the scrubber and pressurized water is sprayed from top in counter – current action at a certain pressure and flow rate.

• Enriched Biogas is made Moisture Free by passing it through filter after that it is compressed up to 200-bar pressure using a three stage gas compressor.

• Compressed gas is stored in high –pressure sleet cylinders as used for CNG. Bio-methane(enriched Biogas) which is nearly same as CNG, can be used for all application for which CNG is used. Available engine system can easily be converted to suit CBG.

• Pressure Swing adsorption Technology is also available, although it is slightly costlier but could be better in certain situations.

Biogas Upgradation/ Enrichment Technology

Institutional arrangements for implementation of BGFP Technology Demonstration Projects

• BGFP demonstration projects are implemented through private and public sector companies and leasing companies, rural entrepreneurs, cooperatives through IREDA, Banks and other financial institutions.

• To make ‘Biogas-fertilizer plant based Energy Infrastructure Initiative’ more economical, corporate bodies and entrepreneurs can bunch BGFPs in group of villages/ areas to avail of CDM benefits.

Proposed Composition of compressed Biogas

Compositions Biogas for Automotive Application

Biogas for Stationary

Engine Application

Biogas for piped Network

CH4 Minimum 95% Minimum 90% Minimum 90%

H2S Maximum50 ppm Maximum 50 ppm

Maximum 50 ppm

Moisture Maximum 0.02gm/m3

Maximum 0.02gm/m3

Maximum 0.02gm/m3

CO2+N2+O2+CO+ Other Gases

Maximum 5% Maximum 10% Maximum 10%

Launched in January, 2006.

Projects completed: 73 Nos.(461.75 kW)

Projects under Installation: 147 Nos. (2219.5 kW)

Total no. of projects sanctioned: 220 Nos.

Total/ Aggregated capacity: About 2.68 MW

Biogas based Distributed/ Grid Power Generation Programme (BPGP).

Biogas based Distributed/ Grid Power Generation Programme: Central Financial

AssistancePower generating

capacityBiogas plant

capacityCFA/subsidy limited to the

following ceiling or 40% of the cost of the system whichever

is less.

3 -20 kW 25 cu. m to 85 cu.m `40,000 per kW

>20 kW to 100 kW Any combination of above plants or alternate capacity /design

`35,000 per kW

>100 kW to 250 kW Any combination of above plants or alternate capacity /design

`30,000 per kW

Biogas Plant Capacity: 25 - 3000 cum/ dayPower Generation Capacity: 3 -250 KWEstimated Power Generation from 25 cum Plant: 30KWhr per day (3KW)Estimated Power Generation from 100 cum Plant: 120 KWhr per day (12 KW)Estimated No. of hours for meeting Power Requirement from 25 cum Plant: 10 hrs.

Biogas based Distributed/ Grid Power Generation Programme

03-Nov-10 19

Programme for Energy Recovery from Industrial Wastes: Central Financial

Assistance*Bio-methanation ofLow Energy Density & Difficult Wastes: `10 million/ MWeq (12000 Cu.m. biogas per day)

Power generation from Solid Industrial

Waste (Boiler + Steam Turbine):`2.0 million/ MW

Power generation from Biogas

(Boiler + Steam Turbine):`2.0 million/ MW

Bio-methanation of other Wastes: `5.0 million/ MWeq (12000 Cu.m. biogas per day)

Power generation from Biogas

(Biogas Engine/ Turbine):

`10 million/ MW

*Limited to 20% of Project cost *Limited to `5.0 crore

per Project

*For Special Category States: 20% higher than

that of other States

03-Nov-10 20

Programme for Energy Recovery from Urban Wastes: Central Financial Assistance

Projects based on Bio-methanation Technology from cattle dung, vegetable market & slaughterhouse wastes generated in urban areas:

•For Power generation:`30 million*/ MW

•For Thermal Applications:`10 million*/ MWeq

(12000 Cu.m. biogas per day)

*Limited to 50% of Project cost

Projects based on Bio-methanationTechnology from a mix of cattle dung, vegetable market & slaughterhouse wastes and agricultural Wastes:

•For Power generation:

`20 million*/ MW

*Limited to 30% of Project cost

Projects based on Biogas generated at Sewage Treatment Plants:

•For Power generation:

`20 million*/ MW

*Limited to 40% of Project cost

Application-wise Biogas Plants installed, Estimated Biogas Production and Power

Generation capacity

Sl. No.

Type of Biogas Plants No. of Biogas Plants installed

Estimated Biogas Production capacity

In million m3 per day

Power Generation

1. Family size Biogas Plants for cooking applications.

4,253,624 8.5072 For cooking requirement

2. Small size Biogas plants for electricity generation.

73 0.0042 0.44 MW

3. Large size Biogas Plants based on Urban and Industrial wastes for power generation.

70 0.5466 91.11 MW

Total 4,253,767 9.0580 91.55 MW

• Introduction of competitive bidding on pilot basis.• Promoting installation of pre-fabricated biogas plants based on

HDPE, RCC, FRP, ferro-cement. Metallic and combination thereof including in-situ construction using moulds.

• Development and registration of biogas-fertilizer companies/ entrepreneurs (BGFCOs)/ BGFEs).

• Installation of biogas plants through CDM route.• Development and registration of biogas-fertilizer companies/

entrepreneurs for providing interest free loans upto `2.0 million.• Financing and implementation of family type biogas plants

through banks, IREDA and other financial institutions. • Utilization of 5% of outlay for establishment of innovative

models for financing and implementation and

Entrepreneurial Opportunity in NBMMP

03-Nov-10 23

Sintex make Pre-fabricated HDPE material based 2m3 Deenbandhu Model Biogas Plant

24

Shakti Surabhi Portable Biogas model working on Kitchen and Vegetable Waste.

Biogas based power generation at Sanjivini, Nagpur

Cow dung/bio gascollection fromExisting dairies

Biogas/compressedBio gas production

Carbon credit

Biogas

Vermi packVermicompost/

Vermiwash

Vermiwash

Domestic cooking

Irrigation purpose

Rural transportation

Land qualityimprovement

Seed quality improvement

Clean air Development

Curbing GHGs

Cow dung and loose and leafybiomass collection from

Rural areas/ villages

CNG/ LPG

Biogas/ scrubbing/ cleaning unit

•Increased income for rural women

•Better health of women & children.

•Women empowerment

•Low cost productionIncreased income of farmer.

Schematic Diagram for Biogas Fertilizer Plant

Purification and Bottling of biogas At Bakrol, Distt. Vadodara

Biogas cylindersAt Bakrol, Dist Vadodara

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