DNA Polymerase Nucleus DNA Strand Cytoplasm Ribosome
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DNA Polymerase
Nucleus
DNA Strand
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Key:Red = ThymineBlue = AdenineGreen = CytosinePurple = Guanine
mutation
RNA Polymerase
Nucleus
Promoter region
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Promoter Region
Promoter Region
Promoter Region
Nucleus
Starting Codon
Key:Black = UracilRed = AdenineGreen = GuanineYellow = Cytosine
Cytoplasm
RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase
RNA Polymerase
Coding RegionPromoter
Coding RegionPromoter
Coding RegionPromoter
Coding RegionPromoter
Coding RegionPromoter
Coding RegionPromoter
Coding RegionPromoter
mRNA strand
Coding RegionPromoter
mRNA strand
Coding RegionPromoter
mRNA strand
Coding RegionPromoter
mRNA strand
Coding RegionPromoter
mRNA strand
mRNA strand
mRNA strand
A T A T C T C
A U A U C U C
GAGATAT
A T A T C T C
A U A U C U C
GAGATAT
T A T C T C C
A U CU U C C
AAA T G G G
T A T C T C C
A U CU U C C
AAA T G G G
T A T C T C C
A U CU U C C
AAA T G G G
Coding RegionTerminator Sequence
mRNA strand
Coding RegionTerminator Sequence
mRNA strand
Coding RegionTerminator Sequence
mRNA strand (AUG [start codon])
Coding RegionTerminator Sequence
mRNA strand
Coding RegionTerminator Sequence
mRNA strand
Coding RegionTerminator Sequence
mRNA strand
Coding RegionTerminator Sequence
mRNA strand
Coding RegionTerminator Sequence
mRNA strand
Nucleus
mRNA strand
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Nucleus
mRNA strand
mRNA strand goes through nuclear pore into cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Nucleus
mRNA strand
mRNA strand goes through nuclear pore into cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Nucleus
mRNA strand
mRNA strand goes through nuclear pore into cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Nucleus
mRNA strand goes through nuclear pore into cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
RibosomeStep 1: rRNA forms ribosome
Key:Blue = AdenineRed = UracilYellow = CytosineGreen = Guanine
Ribosome
mRNA strand
Step 2: mRNA binds to ribosome and reads the first codon
Key:Blue = AdenineRed = UracilYellow = CytosineGreen = Guanine
Start Codon (AUG)
Anti-codon (UAC)
Step 3: tRNA brings in anti-codon
Key:Blue = AdenineRed = UracilYellow = CytosineGreen = Guanine
Key:Blue = AdenineRed = UracilYellow = CytosineGreen = Guanine
Key:Blue = AdenineRed = UracilYellow = CytosineGreen = Guanine
Key:Blue = AdenineRed = UracilYellow = CytosineGreen = Guanine
Amino Acid (Met)
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Step 4: Amino Acids attaches and starts to form peptide chain.
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Step 4: Amino Acids attaches and starts to form peptide chain.
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Step 4: Amino Acids attaches and starts to form peptide chain.
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Step 4: Amino Acids attaches and starts to form peptide chain.
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Peptide bond
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
STOP CODON
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
STOP CODON
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
STOP CODON
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
STOP CODON
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
STOP CODON
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
STOP CODON
Blue- AdenineRed- UracilYellow- CytosineGreen- Guanine
STOP CODON
STOP CODON
Key:Blue = AdenineRed = UracilYellow = CytosineGreen = Guanine
Met Ser Ser Gly Gln Cys Thr Leu Gln His
LATER
Proteins
Proteins
Proteins shape
Step 5: Ribosome hits the end/stop codon and forms protein
Proteins shape
Step 5: Ribosome hits the end/stop codon and forms protein
END