Bioengineering: Engineering Applications For The Real World CU Science Discovery School and Teacher Programs.

Bioengineering:Engineering Applications For The Real World

CU Science DiscoverySchool and Teacher Programs

Bioengineering is:the biological and medical applications of engineering

principles, practices, tools and technologies

Bioengineering at CU

Bioastronautics Chemical and Biological

Biomedical EngineeringEnvironmental Engineering

Three Activities:Design a Custom Bacteria

Protect That Pill

Alginate Encapsulation

BioengineeringPractice using

engineering design process models in

bioscience applications from the real world

75 Minutes of Activities

Design Process ModelsEngineering is Elementary Design Process

Model

Bacteria Taxonomy

Bacteria Name: Escherichia coliPronunciation: esh-er-i-kia coal-iAbbreviation: E. Coli

Bacteria Raw Materials

Environments: Warm fresh water with temperature limited to 10 to 40 C (50-104 F)

Applications: Sewage, Biological Waste and Simple Organic Compounds

E. coliMobile with Flagella or tails

E. coliCapsule has pila that allow it to form bio-films

E. coliGenetic option to create non-reproducing strains

E. coliEnergy from organic compounds

E. coliReproduction is rapid with option for sterile strains

E. coliHas Pathology, some can cause diseases in people

E. coliMembrane is sensitive to salts, metals & chemicals

Bacteria Name: Dechloromonas aromatica Pronunciation: De-cloro-moan-us aro-mat-icaAbbreviation: D. aromatic

Bacteria Raw Materials

D. aromaticaLimited Mobility with Flagella/Tails

D. aromaticaCapsule cannot tolerate any oxygen

D. aromaticaNo special Genetic features

D. aromaticaEnergy from benzene and perchlorates

D. aromaticaReproduction is very slow and limited

D. aromaticaHas no Pathology, not disease causing

D. aromaticaCell Membrane is salt tolerant

Environments: Soils, deep water and oxygen free environments with average temperatures of 1-32 C (33-90 F)

Applications: Perchlorates (salts used in industry/rocket fuel) and Benzene (a persistent industrial pollutant)

Bacteria Name: Pseudomonas putidaPronunciation: Su-doe-mon-as pu-tee-daAbbreviation: P. putida

Bacteria Raw Materials

Environments: Warm, very well oxygenated salt or fresh water from 20 to 35 C (68-95 F)

Applications: Oil, plastics and oil-based pesticides (Atrazine)

P. putidaFull Mobility with Flagella or tails

P. putidaCell Wall is rigid and resistant to high pressures

P. putidaNo special Genetic features

P. putidaBreaks down oil and plastics for Energy

P. putidaReproduction is rapid in limited environments

P. putidaHas Pathology, some cause diseases in people

P. putidaCell Membrane is very salt and oil tolerant-resistant

Bacteria Name: Nitrosamonas europeaPronunciation: Nitro-samon-as euro-peaAbbreviation: N. europea

Bacteria Raw Materials

Environments: Soils, sewage and fresh water but with very limited temperature ranges of 20-30 C (68-86 F)

Applications: Ammonia and ammonia-based compounds (fertilizers)

N. europeaNo Mobility

N. europeaCell Wall is non-rigid and sensitive to high pressure

 N. europeaGenetic option to limit reproduction to 5 life cycles

N. europeaBreaks down ammonia for Energy

N. europeaReproduction is very slow and can be limited

N. europeaHas no Pathology, not disease causing

N. europeaCell Membrane is resistant to nitrogen & organics

Bacteria Name: Deinococcus radiodurans Pronunciation: Dee-no-coch-us radio-dur-ansAbbreviation: D. radiodurans

Bacteria Raw Materials

Environments: Soils, fresh water, extreme temperatures (20-55 C), dry environments but not salts or salt water

Applications: Radioactive Waste, Heavy Metals and Mercury

D. radioduransNo Mobility

D. radioduransCapsule resists heat, cold, light, radiation, but not salts

D. radioduransNo special Genetic features

D. radioduransEnergy from organic and some inorganic chemicals

D. radioduransReproduction is rapid and in extreme environments

D. radioduransHas no Pathology, not disease causing

D. radioduransCell Membrane resists dehydration & chemicals

Narrative: We have a crisis that could make or break a small business in rural Colorado. A small-scale processor of organic foods has found pesticides, specifically Atrazine, in a shipment of soybeans they have already started to process! Their grinding equipment needs to be cleaned up fast so they can get back to work but they cannot just wash the atrazine down the drain. The grinders they used are in a very cold warehouse and have a lot of ‘nooks and crannies” so they need a mobile organism, but not one that can ‘get away’. Most importantly, we have to guarantee that the organism will not stick around after the treatment, cause diseases, or get into the food system!

Design Challenge #1

Design Challenge #1Design Considerations and Environment:

Grinding equipment is contaminated with Atrazine (an oil-based pesticide)

They need limited mobility to get into the small spaces, but not one that can get away!

The warehouse is very cold and has bright lights (high UV light)

The soybeans left behind organic chemicals and Nitrogen compounds

The organisms need to be able to get their energy from organic compounds

Organisms must NOT be able to survive, even for a day, after treatment

The organisms cannot cause diseases in people

3-E EngineeringEffective: Will the proposed solution work well and does it meet ALL of the proposed design specifications?Economic: Is the proposed solution done in a way that maximizes product efficiency and return on investment?Ethical: Can the proposed solution cause any harm to people or systems in the long and short term?

Design Process ModelsEngineering is Elementary Design Process

Model

Design Process ModelsEngineering is Elementary Design Process

Model

Insert Design Process Model Images from:www.engr.ncsu.edu

3-E EngineeringEffective: Will the proposed solution work well and does it meet ALL of the proposed design specifications?Economic: Is the proposed solution done in a way that maximizes product efficiency and return on investment?Ethical: Can the proposed solution cause any harm to people or systems in the long and short term?

Component # of Spoonfuls Fraction

Water 1 1/5

Oil 1 1/5

Flour 3 3/5

Corn Starch 0 0/5

Salt 0 0/5

Sugar 0 0/5

Total 5 5/5ths

Alginate Encapsulation

Polymers are chemical

compounds made from repeating

chains or networks of

smaller compounds called

monomers

Alginate Encapsulation

Insert Images From: http://openwetware.org/wiki/IGEM:IMPERIAL/2009/Encapsulation/Phase2/Alginate_Properties

Bioengineering is:the biological and medical applications of engineering

principles, practices, tools and technologies

Bioengineering at CU

Bioastronautics Chemical and Biological

Biomedical EngineeringEnvironmental Engineering

Bioengineering:Engineering Applications From The Real World

CU Science DiscoverySchool and Teacher Programs