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•Today almost all marine turtles are endangered as they are killed for meat. Their shells are used to make sunglasses, comb and jewellery.
•Fishing also results in the decline of population of fish.
Pollution of air ,soil and water has endangered many species.Excessive use of chemicals like DDT has killed several birds like Pelicans.River dolphins of the Amazon, Ganga and other rivers are threatened by water pollution from chemicals..
Exotic animals and plants which do not belong to a place originally and are introduced from elsewhere.
HUNTINGHUNTING
Hunting of Tigers, Elephants, Rhinos, Bears and Whales are killed for skin, horn, tusk, fur, bone etc. has left these animals at the verge of extinction.
WWF is one of the international organization that aims at conservation of nature. It runs several programmes to spread awareness about the need to conserve biodiversity.
It prohibits the trade of products made from endangered wildlife.
FOREST RESERVES: Large areas of forest cover which are protected from human exploitation.
AIMS OF FOREST RESERVES:
Prevention of deforestation.
Replenishment of lost forest cover by afforestation.
Protection of food and shelter meant for wildlife.
•NATIONAL PARKS : 95•WILD LIFE SANCTURIES: 500
Wild Life Sanctuaries In India
A ZOOLOGICAL PARK REFERS TO ANY PARK, BUILDING, CAGE, ENCLOSURE, OR A PREMISE IN WHICH LIVE ANIMALS ARE KEPT FOR PUBLIC EXHIBITION.
National botanical garden (or Botanical gardens) have been established to conserve rare plants and threatened ones. These gardens are the zoos of the plant world. These serve as seed banks , and have reserves of seeds of several species of plants.
SOME SUCCESS STORIES..SOME SUCCESS STORIES..
Sunderlal Bahuguna is associated with Chipko Movement. It was started in Garhwal Himalayas where the people showed a great courage to protect trees. The women of the region hugged the trees and didn’t allow to cut them.
It was started by the government of India in 1947.
It was initiated to increase the forest cover
of the country.
Every year in the month of July(the monsoon period)saplings are planted in schools, colleges and other areas.
To save our national animal Tiger from extinction , a project was started in 1973 called ‘Project Tiger’ .
In this project, the places where the tigers were found were first identified and then ways and means were worked out for conserving them.