BIODIVERSITY The variability among living organism from all source including terrestrial,marine and other aquatic ecosystem and the ecological complexes within species,between species and of ecosystem Classification system using : • level of cell organization a] prokaryote b} eukaryote • Organism a] unicellular b] multicellular • Feeding mode a] saprophytic b] photosynthesis c] holozoic Type of Biodiversity: • Genetic diversity a] gene and chromosome mutation b] sexual reproduction • Species diversity a] species richness b] species abundance • Ecosystem diversity Hierarchy of classification Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom • Taxonomy- science of naming and and classifying organism
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BIODIVERSITY - WordPress.combiodiversity of bacteria cell shape gram stain position of flagella spherical shape (coccus) rod shape (bacillus) spiral shape (spirillium) comma shape
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BIODIVERSITY
The variability among living organism from all source including terrestrial,marine and
other aquatic ecosystem and the ecological complexes within
• Genetic diversity a] gene and chromosome mutation b] sexual reproduction• Species diversity a] species richness b] species abundance• Ecosystem diversity
Hierarchy of classificationSpecies
Genus
Family
Order
Class
Phylum
Kingdom• Taxonomy- science of naming and and classifying organism
Kingdom Monera
EUBACTERIAARCHEBACTERIA
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ARCHAEBACTERIAAND EUBACTERIA
EUBACTERIA ARCHAEBACTERIA
Cell wall consists of peptidoglican. Cell wall consists of polysaccharides and protein.
Has no histone protein associated with DNA.
The histone protein is associated with DNA.
Small and simple RNA polymerase. RNA polymerase is more complex and similar to eukaryotes.
Absent of membrane enclosed organelles. Present of membrane enclosed organelles.
Has no nuclear envelope. Has no nuclear envelope.
Very sensitive to rifamycin antibiotics. Not sensitive to rifamycin antibiotics.
Unique characteristic (Kingdom Monera)
prokaryotic unicellular
Photosynthetic or absorb Asexually reproduction
Bacteria or blue green algae
BIODIVERSITY OF BACTERIA
CELL SHAPE GRAM STAIN POSITION OF FLAGELLA
SPHERICAL SHAPE(COCCUS)
ROD SHAPE(BACILLUS)
SPIRAL SHAPE(SPIRILLIUM)
COMMA SHAPE(VIBRIO)
GRAM-POSITIVE
GRAM-NEGATIVE
ATRICHOUS-ABSENCE OF FLAGELLA
MONOTRICHOUS-A SINGLE FLAGELLUM PRESENT AT ONE END.
AMPHITRICHOUS- A FLAGELLUM OCCURS AT EACH OF THE TWO ENDS.
CEPHALOTRICHOUS- A GROUP OF FLAGELLA FOUND ONLY AT ONE END.
LOPHOTRICHOUS-A GROUP OF FLAGELLA OCCURS AT EACH OF THE TWO ENDS.
PETRITRICHOUS-A NUMBER OF FLAGELLA DISTRIBUTED ALL OVER THE SURFACE.
IMPORTANCE OF BACTERIA :
PHATOGENIC BACTERIA DECOMPOSERS
SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP
FOOD PRODUCTION
SEAWAGE TREATMENT
ALGAEALGAE PROTOZOAPROTOZOA
EUKARYOTIC UNICELLULAR & SIMPLE MULTICELLULAR
AQUATIC & DAMP HABITATS
HETEROTROPHIC, AUTOTROPHIC,
PARASITE
CHLOROPHYTA PHAEOPHYTA
EG. Chlamidomonas sp. EG. Fucus sp.
UNICELLULAR MULTICELLULAR
APPEARS GREEN. APPEARS BROWN.
FRESH WATER. MARINE HABITAT.
FOOD STORAGE IS STARCH. FOOD STORAGE IN LAMINARIN & MANNITOL (CARBOHYDRATE).